CN108069409B - A kind of black phosphorus alkene aeroge and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of black phosphorus alkene aeroge and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108069409B CN108069409B CN201711195090.4A CN201711195090A CN108069409B CN 108069409 B CN108069409 B CN 108069409B CN 201711195090 A CN201711195090 A CN 201711195090A CN 108069409 B CN108069409 B CN 108069409B
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- -1 black phosphorus alkene Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010382 chemical cross-linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007626 photothermal therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/003—Phosphorus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28047—Gels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/10—Solid density
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of black phosphorus alkene aeroges and its preparation method and application.The aeroge is a kind of inorganic aerogels of three-dimensional net structure, by two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet of the ultrasonic disperse in organic solvent, and freeze-dried is prepared.Different from existing preparation airsetting gluing method, the present invention can form aeroge without using chemical cross-linking agent, merely with the self-crosslinking assembling between two-dimentional black phosphorus nanoscale twins；The preparation process step is simple and convenient to operate, transitory efficient, and it is pollution-free to environment and material surface, the black phosphorus alkene aeroge has lower density, higher porosity and specific surface area and preferable photothermal conversion characteristic, the black phosphorus alkene aeroge of preparation has farthest played the excellent characteristics of black phosphorus alkene and aeroge, has very high application prospect in absorption and energy storage material field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aerogel material fields, and in particular to a kind of black phosphorus alkene aeroge and preparation method thereof
Background technique
As a kind of novel porous structure material, aeroge has lesser density, cellular structure abundant and higher
The excellent characteristics such as specific surface area, therefore it is obtained in fields such as chemical, biological medicine, aerospace, military traffics
It is widely applied.Since self-discovery aerosil, various new material aeroges also occur in succession, such as three oxidations two
Aluminium aeroge, titanium carbide aeroge and graphene aerogel etc..
In recent years, a kind of novel direct band gap two-dimensional semiconductor material-black phosphorus alkene, becomes the focus of people's research.Phase
Than in other two-dimensional materials, black phosphorus alkene has many unique advantages.For example, the band gap (0.3~2.0eV) of black phosphorus alkene can be with
It is adjusted, is realized from near-infrared to the light absorption of visible light different-waveband by the number of plies in very large range；The carrier of black phosphorus alkene
Mobility can achieve 103cm2/ (Vs) also has up to 105On-off ratio.These excellent characteristics make black phosphorus alkene in optics
The fields such as device, photo-thermal therapy show great potential application.
But the research of current most of black phosphorus alkene is based on black phosphorus alkene nanometer sheet or black phosphorus alkene quantum dot, this is to a certain degree
On limit its further development and application.In the recent period, Chinese patent literature CN106744853A discloses a kind of graphene/black
Phosphorus nanometer sheet/nitrogen containing plasma liquid composite aerogel and preparation method thereof, will contain black phosphorus nanometer sheet, nitrogen containing plasma liquid
Solution, graphene oxide water solution and reducing agent mixing, under anaerobic heating reaction form wet gel, then remove again
Reducing agent forms aeroge after freeze-dried.But the preparation method process is more complicated, and the aqueous solution used is possible to can oxygen
Change or destroy black phosphorus nanometer sheet, and remaining reducing agent can have a certain impact to the performance of composite aerogel tool.Therefore, if energy
Using simple and easy preparation method, the aeroge of three-dimensional net structure, and the black phosphorus are self-assembly of using pure black phosphorus alkene
The advantages of alkene aeroge set black phosphorus alkene and aeroge, it appears particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of with lower density, higher porosity and specific surface area and excellent
Photothermal conversion performance black phosphorus alkene aeroge.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the preparation methods of the black phosphorus alkene aeroge, and its as adsorbent material in environmental protection
Field and application as energy storage material in energy field.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of black phosphorus alkene aeroge, the aeroge have the three-dimensional net structure being made of two-dimentional black phosphorus, the black phosphorus
The photothermal conversion efficiency of alkene aeroge is 5~25%, and density is 0.2~20mg/cm3, porosity is 75~95%, specific surface area
For 100~2000m2/g。
Preferably, the photothermal conversion efficiency of the black phosphorus alkene aeroge is 8~20%, and density is 2~15mg/cm3, hole
Rate is 80~95%, and specific surface area is 300~1500m2/g。
Preferably, the photothermal conversion efficiency of the black phosphorus alkene aeroge is 10~18%, and density is 5~12mg/cm3, hole
Gap rate is 80~85%, and specific surface area is 500~1000m2/g。
More specifically, the photothermal conversion efficiency of the black phosphorus alkene aeroge can be 10%, 18%, 20% and 25% etc.,
Density can be 0.2mg/cm3、0.5mg/cm3、1mg/cm3、1.5mg/cm3Deng porosity can be 80%, 88%, 92% and
95% etc., specific surface area 800m2/g、1200m2/g、1800m2/ g and 2000m2/ g etc..
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of black phosphorus alkene aeroge, and the black phosphorus alkene aeroge is by ultrasonic disperse in organic molten
Two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet in agent is freeze-dried to be prepared, and is a kind of inorganic aerogels with three-dimensional net structure.Institute
State preparation method specifically includes the following steps:
1) it disperses two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet in organic solvent, obtains two-dimentional black phosphorus dispersion, it is then quiet at room temperature
It sets；
2) the two-dimentional black phosphorus dispersion after standing is freeze-dried to get black phosphorus alkene aeroge.
Preferably, it in step 1), is dispersed two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet in organic solvent by the way of ultrasonic disperse；It is quiet
The time set is 10~120min.
Preferably, organic solvent is selected from hexamethylene.
Preferably, the average thickness of two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet is 1nm~20nm, and average-size is 0.5~50 μm.Further
, the average thickness of two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet is 1nm~10nm, and average-size is 5~40 μm, further, two-dimentional black phosphorus
The average thickness of nanometer sheet is 5nm~10nm, and average-size is 10~30 μm.
The two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet under the thickness and size is selected, the interaction between black phosphorus nanometer sheet can be enhanced,
Advantageously form the black phosphorus alkene aeroge haveing excellent performance.In addition, applicant has found in an experiment, and it is weaker due to interacting, it is black
Phosphorus quantum dot can not be self-assembly of aeroge, therefore using the two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet preparation with certain thickness and size
The black phosphorus alkene aeroge of Cheng Chun.
Preferably, in step 1), the concentration of two-dimentional black phosphorus dispersion is 0.01~20mg/mL, further, two-dimentional black phosphorus
The concentration of dispersion is 0.5~15mg/mL, and further, the concentration of two-dimentional black phosphorus dispersion is 1~10mg/mL.
Preferably, in step 1), the time of ultrasonic disperse is 5~30min, and power is 100~1800W.Further, surpass
The time of sound dispersion is 10~20min, and power is 500~1500W, further, time of ultrasonic disperse is 15~
20min, power are 1000~1500W.
Preferably, in step 2), the condition of freeze-drying is controlled are as follows: and cryogenic temperature is 0~-80 DEG C, drying temperature is -
20~-80 DEG C, dry vacuum degree is 0.01~1mbar, and drying time is 20min~for 24 hours.Further, cryogenic temperature is -20
~-80 DEG C, drying temperature is -30~-80 DEG C, and dry vacuum degree is 0.5~1mbar, and drying time is 1h~18h；More into one
Step, cryogenic temperature is -30~-80 DEG C, and drying temperature is -50~-80 DEG C, and dry vacuum degree is 0.5~0.8mbar, dry
Time is 5h~10h.
Those skilled in the art can adjust the time of freezing according to the needs of freezing, for example, cooling time can choose
For 1~5h, specifically, cooling time is 2~5h or cooling time is 3~5h.
The preparation method is simple to operation, environmentally protective, without using chemical cross-linking agent, utilizes large scale black phosphorus nanometer sheet
Autoadhesion effect, enhance Van der Waals force between black phosphorus alkene lamella and the effect of π-π stacking, be freeze-dried to ensure that
The integrality of gel three-dimensional structure in journey.Meanwhile hexamethylene freezing point with higher, freezing dry process can be reduced to body
The extent of the destruction of system.Finally, the black phosphorus alkene aeroge to be formed is prepared using this method with excellent performance.
Specifically, this black phosphorus alkene aeroge density is small, structure is fluffy and volume is larger.In addition, the black phosphorus alkene aeroge
With excellent Photothermal characterisation, for example, it can convert light energy into thermal energy, or voluntarily driven under illumination condition, light
Thermal conversion efficiency is 2~25%.The black phosphorus alkene aeroge specific surface area also with higher and stable three-dimensional structure, have both
The excellent physical and chemical performance of black phosphorus alkene and the ultralight porous characteristic of aeroge.
The present invention also provides a kind of applications of black phosphorus alkene aeroge, can answer using black phosphorus alkene aeroge as adsorbent material
In each field such as environmental protection, such as Dye Adsorption material, heavy metal ion adsorbing material, gas adsorption material etc..By
The big, large specific surface area in the porosity of black phosphorus alkene aeroge, with excellent absorption property, therefore can also be by black phosphorus alkene gas
It is solidifying to be applied in each field as adsorbent material.
The present invention also provides the another kind applications of black phosphorus alkene aeroge, can be with using the Photothermal characterisation that black phosphorus alkene is excellent
Electrode material, the negative electrode material of lithium ion battery etc. using the aeroge as energy storage material, such as supercapacitor.
The invention has effective effect that:
1, black phosphorus alkene aeroge prepared by the present invention is to assemble to be formed based on the self-crosslinking between black phosphorus alkene lamella, is had
Higher specific surface area and stable three-dimensional net structure, combine the excellent physical and chemical performance of black phosphorus alkene and aeroge is super
Light porous characteristic.
2, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of black phosphorus alkene aeroge, this method utilizes large scale black phosphorus nanometer sheet
Two-dimensional black phosphorus nanometer sheet is assembled into three-dimensional black phosphorus alkene gel mass material by self-crosslinking characteristic, then is freeze-dried and is made its turn
Become aeroge.Compared with prior art, technical solution of the present invention novelty is simple, environmentally protective, breaches existing preparation
The limitation of crosslinking agent need to be used to realize airsetting under no chemical cross-linking agent using the characteristic of black phosphorus nanometer sheet itself when aeroge
The preparation of black phosphorus alkene aeroge is quickly and efficiently completed in the preparation of glue.
3, the black phosphorus alkene aeroge formed has excellent absorption property and Photothermal characterisation, can be used as adsorbent material or storage
Can material, for example, as Dye Adsorption material, heavy metal ion adsorbing material, gas adsorption material, supercapacitor electrode
Material, negative electrode material of lithium ion battery etc. have important potential application in the fields such as environmental protection and the energy, this is for expanding
The application of black phosphorus alkene material has a very important significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the photo in kind of black phosphorus alkene aeroge prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the microscope photo of black phosphorus alkene aeroge prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the photothermal conversion map of black phosphorus alkene aeroge prepared by embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.It should also be understood that arrive, after reading the content taught by the present invention, art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Fixed range.
Embodiment 1
Taking 2mg average-size is 3 μm, and average thickness is the black phosphorus nanometer sheet ultrasonic disperse of 2nm in 5mL hexamethylene,
In, ultrasonic time 10min, ultrasonic power 500W then stand 20min at room temperature；It is small to be subsequently placed in -80 DEG C of freezings 2
When, it is then freeze-dried, freeze-drying temperature is -80 DEG C, vacuum degree 0.01mbar, and sublimation drying is 12 small
When, black phosphorus alkene aeroge can be obtained.
The photothermal conversion efficiency of prepared aeroge is 8%, density 1.0mg/cm3, porosity 85%, specific surface
Product is 500m2/g。
Wherein, Fig. 1 is the digital photograph in kind of black phosphorus alkene aeroge prepared by the present embodiment, it can be seen that the black phosphorus
Alkene aerogel structure is fluffy and volume is larger, has three-dimensional net structure.Fig. 2 is black phosphorus alkene aeroge prepared by the present embodiment
Microscope photo, it can be seen that black phosphorus alkene aerogel structure is fluffy, total body formed good there are a large amount of hole.
Photo-thermal test is carried out to black phosphorus alkene aeroge prepared by the present embodiment, to further characterize the photo-thermal of the aeroge
Characteristic.Specific test method are as follows: black phosphorus alkene aeroge 0.125cm prepared by Example 13, directly shone using 808nm laser
It is mapped to black phosphorus alkene aeroge surface, power density 0.5W/cm2, with infrared thermal imager every temperature of 30 seconds records, institute
It is as shown in Figure 3 to obtain result.
As seen from Figure 3, black phosphorus alkene aeroge has preferable photothermal conversion property, and temperature can be 5 points short
57 DEG C are risen to from initial 25 DEG C in clock.
Embodiment 2
Taking 0.5mg average-size is 5 μm, and average thickness is the black phosphorus nanometer sheet ultrasonic disperse of 1nm in 6mL hexamethylene,
Wherein, ultrasonic time 12min, ultrasonic power 100W, then stands 10min at room temperature；It is small to be subsequently placed in 0 DEG C of freezing 3
When, then it is freeze-dried, freeze-drying temperature is -20 DEG C, vacuum degree 0.1mbar, and sublimation drying is 24 hours,
Black phosphorus alkene aeroge can be obtained.
The photothermal conversion efficiency of prepared black phosphorus alkene aeroge is 20%, density 0.5mg/cm3, porosity is
91%, specific surface area 1000m2/g。
Embodiment 3
Taking 5mg average-size is 0.5 μm, and average thickness is the black phosphorus nanometer sheet ultrasonic disperse of 2nm in 20mL hexamethylene,
Wherein, ultrasonic time 5min, ultrasonic power 1000W, then stands 60min at room temperature；It is subsequently placed in -60 DEG C of freezings 5
Hour, then it is freeze-dried, freeze-drying temperature is -50 DEG C, vacuum degree 1mbar, and sublimation drying is 3 hours,
Black phosphorus alkene aeroge can be obtained.
The photothermal conversion efficiency of prepared black phosphorus alkene aeroge is 10%, density 5.1mg/cm3, porosity is
79%, specific surface area 600m2/g。
Embodiment 4
Taking 5mg average-size is 10 μm, and average thickness is the black phosphorus nanometer sheet ultrasonic disperse of 5nm in 25mL hexamethylene,
Wherein, ultrasonic time 15min, ultrasonic power 800W, then stands 40min at room temperature；It is subsequently placed in -50 DEG C of freezings 4
Hour, it is then freeze-dried, freeze-drying temperature is -60 DEG C, vacuum degree 0.05mbar, and sublimation drying is 8 small
When, black phosphorus alkene aeroge can be obtained.
The photothermal conversion efficiency of prepared black phosphorus alkene aeroge is 12%, density 10.2mg/cm3, porosity is
81%, specific surface area 1500m2/g。
Embodiment 5
Taking 6mg average-size is 30 μm, and average thickness is the black phosphorus nanometer sheet ultrasonic disperse of 10nm in 5mL hexamethylene,
Wherein, ultrasonic time 30min, ultrasonic power 1600W, then stands 90min at room temperature；It is subsequently placed in -20 DEG C of freezings 5
Hour, it is then freeze-dried, freeze-drying temperature is -30 DEG C, vacuum degree 0.5mbar, and sublimation drying is 1 small
When, black phosphorus alkene aeroge can be obtained.
The photothermal conversion efficiency of prepared black phosphorus alkene aeroge is 18%, density 19.8mg/cm3, porosity is
88%, specific surface area 2000m2/g。
Embodiment 6
The embodiment is application of the black phosphorus alkene aeroge as heavy metal ion adsorbing material prepared by embodiment 1.
0.5mg black phosphorus alkene aeroge is taken to be respectively put into the copper-bath that concentration is 2.0 and 2.5g/L, oscillation, In
The absorbance of metal ion solution is measured under 440nm.The result shows that black phosphorus alkene aeroge can be basically completed in 3~5min
Absorption to metal ion.Through calculating, the absorption limting concentration of the black phosphorus alkene aeroge is 2.5g/L.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of black phosphorus alkene aeroge, which is characterized in that the aeroge has the three-dimensional net structure being made of two-dimentional black phosphorus,
The aeroge is prepared by two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet of the ultrasonic disperse in organic solvent is freeze-dried, the black phosphorus alkene
The photothermal conversion efficiency of aeroge is 5~25%, and density is 0.2~20mg/cm3, porosity is 75~95%, and specific surface area is
100~2000m2/g；
The organic solvent is hexamethylene；
The average thickness of the two dimension black phosphorus nanometer sheet is 1nm~20nm, and average-size is 0.5~50 μm.
2. black phosphorus alkene aeroge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the photothermal conversion of the black phosphorus alkene aeroge is imitated
Rate is 8~20%, and density is 2~15mg/cm3, porosity is 80~95%, and specific surface area is 300~1500m2/g。
3. black phosphorus alkene aeroge according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the photothermal conversion of the black phosphorus alkene aeroge is imitated
Rate is 10~18%, and density is 5~12mg/cm3, porosity is 80~85%, and specific surface area is 500~1000m2/g。
4. the preparation method of black phosphorus alkene aeroge of any of claims 1-3, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
1) it disperses two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet in organic solvent, obtains two-dimentional black phosphorus dispersion, then stand at room temperature；
2) the two-dimentional black phosphorus dispersion after standing is freeze-dried to get black phosphorus alkene aeroge；
The organic solvent is hexamethylene；
The average thickness of the two dimension black phosphorus nanometer sheet is 1nm~20nm, and average-size is 0.5~50 μm.
5. the preparation method of black phosphorus alkene aeroge according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in step 1), using ultrasound
The mode of dispersion disperses two-dimentional black phosphorus nanometer sheet in organic solvent；The time of standing is 10~120min.
6. the preparation method of black phosphorus alkene aeroge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two-dimentional black phosphorus dispersion it is dense
Degree is 0.01~20mg/mL.
7. the preparation method of black phosphorus alkene aeroge according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the time of ultrasonic disperse is 5
~30min, power are 100~1800W.
8. the preparation method of black phosphorus alkene aeroge according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in step 2), freeze-drying
Condition control are as follows: cryogenic temperature is 0~-80 DEG C, and drying temperature is -20~-80 DEG C, and dry vacuum degree is 0.01~1mbar,
Drying time is 20min~for 24 hours.
9. application of the black phosphorus alkene aeroge described in claim 1 as adsorbent material and energy storage material.
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