CN108063950A - 一种直播课堂实现方法 - Google Patents

一种直播课堂实现方法 Download PDF

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CN108063950A
CN108063950A CN201711432674.9A CN201711432674A CN108063950A CN 108063950 A CN108063950 A CN 108063950A CN 201711432674 A CN201711432674 A CN 201711432674A CN 108063950 A CN108063950 A CN 108063950A
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live
live streaming
media server
stream
classroom
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CN108063950B (zh
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贾小波
李洪坤
马新增
武举才
张永强
任玉敏
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ZHENGZHOU VCOM TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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ZHENGZHOU VCOM TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/262Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
    • H04N21/26208Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/218Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
    • H04N21/2187Live feed
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/239Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests
    • H04N21/2393Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests involving handling client requests
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/24Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth, upstream requests
    • H04N21/2405Monitoring of the internal components or processes of the server, e.g. server load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64723Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
    • H04N21/64738Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种直播课堂实现方法,包括(1)直播调度系统接收授课客户端发送的直播请求;(2)直播调度系统根据教师所属的行政区域,查找行政区域下可用的媒体服务,如果所有媒体服务器均没有此直播流,则直播调度系统通知媒体服务器向直播教室要求建立直播流。如果媒体服务器已经建立了直播流,则直接跳转到(5);(3)媒体服务器向直播教室请求建立直播连接;(4)媒体服务器和直播教室成功建立直播连接,开始传输直播流;(5)直播调度系统将可以播放直播的媒体服务器地址返回给播放器;(6)播放器向媒体服务器请求观看直播;(7)播放器开始播放直播视频。本发明直播服务器分布部署,就近为用户提供直播服务,提高了带宽、响应速度,提高了用户体验;服务器之间进行调度引流和同级调度引流,网速更快,也避免了所有服务器都引流直播源造成直播源过大的压力。

Description

一种直播课堂实现方法
技术领域
本发明属于远程教学领域,具体涉及一种直播课堂实现方法。
背景技术
随着教育信息化的不断推进以及国家政策的大力支持,教育对于直播、录播提出的更深层次的应用要求,希望录直播平台能够为学校、教育主管部门、教师、学生、家长提供更多的应用途径和支撑,满足目前基于优教云的云直播、满足学校及教育主管部门分享优质课程的需求。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提供一种直播课堂实现方法。
本发明的技术方案具体为:
一种直播课堂实现方法,包括
(1)直播调度系统接收授课客户端发送的直播请求;
(2)直播调度系统根据教师所属的行政区域,查找行政区域下可用的媒体服务,如果所有媒体服务器均没有此直播流,则直播调度系统通知媒体服务器向直播教室要求建立直播流。如果媒体服务器已经建立了直播流,则直接跳转到(5);
(3)媒体服务器向直播教室请求建立直播连接;
(4)媒体服务器和直播教室成功建立直播连接,开始传输直播流;
(5)直播调度系统将可以播放直播的媒体服务器地址返回给播放器;
(6)播放器向媒体服务器请求观看直播;
(7)播放器开始播放直播视频。
所述步骤(2)中,直播调度系统获取教师所属的行政区域,在用户区域内查找负载最低的服务器,如果本区域不存在,则在全部区域内查找,如果仍未找到,返回调度失败。
找到负载最低的服务器后,判断服务器是否有相应的直播流,如果有,返回媒体服务器地址给播放器。
如果没有直播流,查找本区域有该直播流的服务器,即同级引流,返回媒体服务器地址。
如果同级没有,向直播教室要求建立直播流并返回媒体服务器地址。
相对于现有技术,本发明的技术效果为,直播服务器分布部署,就近为用户提供直播服务,提高了带宽、响应速度,提高了用户体验;服务器之间进行调度引流和同级调度引流,网速更快,也避免了所有服务器都引流直播源造成直播源过大的压力;支持公网和VPN双网络,具备VPN网交互条件的优先进行VPN调度,用户观看时比公网效果要好;集中调度根据调度压力支持动态扩展,数据共享、授权容易、调度准确率高。
附图说明
图1是本发明的直播课堂的业务流程图。
图2是本发明的服务器部署示意图。
图3是本发明的直播数据流程图。
图4是本发明的直播流建立流程图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,一种直播课堂的业务流程图,包括授课客户端、本地资源,通过媒体服务系统和直播调度系统找到直播流统一到播放页即可实现直播。 直播课堂的媒体服务系统服务器部署示意图如图2所示,包括省级直播服务器1、市级直播服务器2、县区级直播服务器3,直播服务器分布部署,就近为用户提供直播服务,提高了带宽、响应速度,提高了用户体验。通过路直播管理系统对录播教室系统进行管理,包括课程的录制和存储。
如图3所示,直播数据流程如下:
(1)教师4通过同步学习网、授课客户端观看直播课,直播调度系统5接收到直播请求,进入调度流程。
(2)直播调度系统5根据教师所属的行政区域,查找行政区域下可用的媒体服务6,如果所有媒体服务器6均没有此直播流,则直播调度系统通知媒体服务器向直播教室7要求建立直播流。如果媒体服务器6已经建立了直播流,则直接跳转到(5)。
(3)媒体服务器6向直播教室7请求建立直播连接。
(4)媒体服务器6和直播教室7成功建立直播连接,开始传输直播流。
(5)直播调度系统5将可以播放直播的媒体服务器6地址返回给播放器。
(6)播放器向媒体服务器6请求观看直播。
(7)播放器开始播放直播视频。
为了提升用户体验、提高调度效率,在调度策略上做了精心的设计和相关优化。媒体服务器6建立直播流的流程如图4所示,授课客户端向直播调度系统5发送直播请求,直播调度系统5获取教师4所属的行政区域,在用户区域内查找负载最低的服务器,如果本区域不存在,则在全部区域内查找,如果仍未找到,返回调度失败,解决了本区域无法找到适配的媒体服务时返回教师空地址播放失败的问题。找到负载最低的服务器后,判断服务器是否有相应的直播流,如果有,返回媒体服务器6地址给播放器,如果没有直播流,查找本区域有该直播流的服务器,即同级引流,返回媒体服务器6地址。如果同级没有,向直播教室7要求建立直播流并返回媒体服务器地址。
同级引流举例:
郑州市教师张三,观看开封市直播课A。郑州市有媒体服务器S1、S2。如调度到S1,但S1没有直播课A的直播流,则需要检查S2是否存在直播课A的直播流,如存在则将直播课A引到S1,并将S1的播放地址返回给教师张三。如不存在,则将直播源引到S1。因为同级区域的服务器S1、S2一般在一个机房,网速更快,也避免了所有服务器都引流直播源造成直播源过大的压力。
直播调度集中在省级中心,根据调度压力支持动态扩展,解决了分散调度时数据共享困难、直播授权难、调度命中率低的问题。
同时,VPN网络比公网具有更高的带宽、更低的建设和使用成本。直播调度时遵循VPN网络优先原则,具备VPN网交互条件的优先进行VPN调度,用户观看时比公网效果要好。
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明整体构思前提下,还可以作出若干改变和改进,这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种直播课堂实现方法,其特征在于:包括
(1)直播调度系统接收授课客户端发送的直播请求;
(2)直播调度系统根据教师所属的行政区域,查找行政区域下可用的媒体服务,如果所有媒体服务器均没有此直播流,则直播调度系统通知媒体服务器向直播教室要求建立直播流;如果媒体服务器已经建立了直播流,则直接跳转到(5);
(3)媒体服务器向直播教室请求建立直播连接;
(4)媒体服务器和直播教室成功建立直播连接,开始传输直播流;
(5)直播调度系统将可以播放直播的媒体服务器地址返回给播放器;
(6)播放器向媒体服务器请求观看直播;
(7)播放器开始播放直播视频。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种直播课堂实现方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2)中,直播调度系统获取教师所属的行政区域,在用户区域内查找负载最低的服务器,如果本区域不存在,则在全部区域内查找,如果仍未找到,返回调度失败。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种直播课堂实现方法,其特征在于:找到负载最低的服务器后,判断服务器是否有相应的直播流,如果有,返回媒体服务器地址给播放器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种直播课堂实现方法,其特征在于:如果没有直播流,查找本区域有该直播流的服务器,即同级引流,返回媒体服务器地址。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种直播课堂实现方法,其特征在于:如果同级没有,向直播教室要求建立直播流并返回媒体服务器地址。
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CN114025204B (zh) * 2021-11-08 2024-02-13 北京量子之歌科技有限公司 一种视频直播切换方法、装置、设备及存储介质

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