CN108063268A - Photocatalytic effect battery - Google Patents

Photocatalytic effect battery Download PDF

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CN108063268A
CN108063268A CN201610991758.5A CN201610991758A CN108063268A CN 108063268 A CN108063268 A CN 108063268A CN 201610991758 A CN201610991758 A CN 201610991758A CN 108063268 A CN108063268 A CN 108063268A
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hydrogen
carbon
electrode
plate
electrode plate
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CN108063268B (en
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顾士平
顾海涛
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/96—Carbon-based electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
    • H01M4/8621—Porous electrodes containing only metallic or ceramic material, e.g. made by sintering or sputtering
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)

Abstract

Photocatalytic effect battery of the present invention, without platinum catalyst；Photocatalytic effect law：(1) for each chemical reaction substance all there are a limiting frequency (or cutoff frequency), i.e. the frequency of irradiation light cannot be below a certain critical value；Corresponding wavelength is referred to as limiting wave length (or long wavelength threshold wavelength)；When incident light frequency be less than limiting frequency when, no matter how strong light to the reaction of catalytic specie without effect；(2) photocatalysis is related to the activation degree of chemical reaction substance and the frequency of light, and unrelated with light intensity；(3) intensity of incident light only influence catalytic reaction substance number, i.e., only influence in unit interval unit area catalytic reaction substance how much.Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are used for being catalyzed hydrogen, hydro carbons, oxygen dissociation；Positive electrode, negative electrode material；Coreless armature plate, particle granules, nano particle increase surface area；Extra electric field improves the efficiency of fuel cell；The method that battery controls output power.

Description

Photocatalytic effect battery
First, technical field
The present invention relates to photocatalytic effect battery, the battery more particularly to luminous tube or luminescent screen excitation catalysis.
2nd, background technology
(1) catalyst：Reactant chemical reaction rate (improve or reduce) can be changed in chemical reaction without changeization Balance is learned, and the substance that the quality of itself and chemical property all do not change before and after chemical reaction is catalyst.
(2) it is catalyzed：Catalysis changes effect of the chemical reaction rate without influencing chemical balance.Catalyst changes chemical reaction The effect of rate claims catalytic action, it is substantially a kind of chemical action.The chemical reaction carried out in catalyst presence claims to urge Change reaction.Catalysis is the important phenomenon of generally existing in nature, and catalytic action is almost throughout the entire field of chemical reaction.
(3) photocatalyst PHOTOCATALYST is the compound word of light Photo=Light+ catalyst (catalyst) catalyst. Photocatalyst is a kind of under the irradiation of light, itself does not change, and can but promote the substance of chemical reaction, and photocatalyst is to utilize certainly Luminous energy existing for right boundary is converted into the energy needed for chemical reaction, to generate catalytic action, makes the oxygen and hydrone of surrounding It is excited into the free anion of great oxidizing force.It is almost separable to solve all organic substances being harmful to human body and environment and part nothing Machine substance can not only accelerate to react, and can also use nature determines Lu, and the wasting of resources is not caused to be formed with additional pollution.Most Representative example is " photosynthesis " of plant, and absorbing carbon dioxide is converted into oxygen and organic matter using luminous energy.
3rd, the content of the invention
It solves the problems, such as：Present platinum is as fuel-cell catalyst, although the grain size by reducing Pt catalyst granule, Nano-platinum particle increases the surface area of platinum catalyst, and so as to reduce the dosage of platinum, but platinum content in the earth's crust is very little, the earth Upper all platinum is all also inadequate for making automobile batteries.Therefore, non-platinum catalyst battery is found；Also subtract furthermore with photocatalysis The possibility of catalyst poisoning is lacked.
Technical solution：
Photocatalytic effect law：
1) for each chemical reaction substance all there are a limiting frequency (or cutoff frequency), the i.e. frequency of irradiation light not A certain critical value can be less than；Corresponding wavelength is referred to as limiting wave length (or long wavelength threshold wavelength)；When the frequency of incident light is less than pole Limit frequency when, no matter how strong light to the reaction of catalytic specie without effect；
2) photocatalysis is related to the activation degree of chemical reaction substance and the frequency of light, and unrelated with light intensity；
3) intensity of incident light only influence catalytic reaction substance number, i.e., only influence urged in unit interval unit area How much change reactive material；In the case where light frequency is constant, incident light is stronger, and the substance of catalytic reaction is more.
The composition of hydrogen fuel cell：As shown in Figure 1, electrode plate 1 (101), hydrogen (102), luminous tube array or porose Flat luminous pipe (103), proton exchange membrane (104), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105), oxygen or air (106), electrode plate 2 (107)；Extra electric field plate 1 (108), insulator (109), insulator (110), extra electric field plate 2 (111), Electrolyte (112)；Electrolyte (113)；External circuit 1 (114)；Electrical equipment or power converter (115)；External circuit 2 (116)；
The composition of HC fuel battery：As shown in Fig. 2, electrode plate 1 (201), hydrocarbon compound (202), luminous tube array Or porose flat luminous pipe (203), proton exchange membrane (204), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205), oxygen Gas or air (206), electrode plate 2 (207)；Extra electric field plate 1 (208), insulator (209), insulator (210), extra electric field Plate 2 (211), electrolyte (212), electrolyte (213), external circuit 1 (214), electrical equipment or power converter (215), dispatch from foreign news agency Road 2 (216)；
Patent innovation point：
(1) photocatalytic effect catalysis hydrogen, the dissociation of HC fuel；
(2) dissociation of photocatalytic effect catalytic oxygen；
(3) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe be used for being catalyzed the dissociation of hydrogen, the dissociation of oxygen, hydrocarbons from Solution；
(4) positive electrode of fuel cell, negative electrode use：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, Mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or carbon, silicon nano particle, Nano wire makees electrode；
(5) electrode plate, coreless armature plate, particle granules, nano particle increase surface area, improve the reaction effect of fuel cell Rate；
(6) extra electric field accelerates hydrionic directed movement, improves the efficiency of fuel cell；
(7) hydrogen fuel cell, the method for HC fuel battery control output power；
(8) above-mentioned 7 aspects part combination and all combinations.
System forms：The composition of hydrogen fuel cell：Electrode plate 1 (101), hydrogen (102), luminous tube array or porose flat Face luminous tube (103), proton exchange membrane (104), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105), oxygen or air (106), electrode plate 2 (107)；Extra electric field plate 1 (108), insulator (109), insulator (110), extra electric field plate 2 (111), Electrolyte (112)；Electrolyte (113)；External circuit 1 (114)；Electrical equipment or power converter (115)；External circuit 2 (116)；
Electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) sheet material for copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, A kind of metal in tin, gold, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium；It is electrode plate directly using a kind of metal；Or metal alloy forms electrode Plate；
On electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) plate can bond copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, Tin, gold, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium metal powder；The ingredient of metal powder can on electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) plate It, can not also be same with identical with the ingredient of electrode plate；The ingredient of metal powder can be on electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) It is the mixture of various metals particle；Increase the surface area of electrode；
Can be bonded on electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) plate activated carbon, agraphitic carbon, graphene, onion type carbon, Fullerene, carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-particle, nano silicon particles, silicon nanowires；Increase the surface area of electrode；
After hydrogen (102) is passed through by outside, hydrogen adsorption bonds on electrode plate 1 (101) or on hydrogen adsorption metallic plate Metallic on；Or on the metal nanoparticle bonded on hydrogen adsorption metallic plate；Or the carbon of hydrogen adsorption on a metal plate Or on the particle of silicon；
The ultraviolet light or X-ray that are sent through luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103) or gamma-ray photograph It penetrates, hydrogen catalytic is dissociated into hydrogen ion and electronics, electronics is transmitted to electricity consumption by electrode 1 (101) by external circuit 1 (114) Equipment or power converter (115)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (112), is spread due to hydrionic concentration difference, hydrogen ion leads to Proton exchange membrane (104) is crossed, reaches electrolyte (113)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (112), in extra electric field plate 1 (108) and (111 electricity of extra electric field plate 2 Directed movement reaches electrolyte (113) by proton exchange membrane (104) under the action of；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (112), in extra electric field plate 1 (108) and extra electric field plate 2 (111) Proton exchange membrane (104) is diffused through under the collective effect of electric field and concentration difference, reaches electrolyte (113)；
Oxygen or air (106) are passed through absorption on electrode plate 2 (107), shine in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays Under the action of the light of pipe array or porose flat luminous pipe (105) from electrode plate 2 (107) obtain two electron dissociations for oxygen from Son, oxonium ion are dissolved into electrolyte (113), one hydrone of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations；So as to complete Cheng Qing and oxygen composition generation water complete hydrogen fuel cell power generation；
Electronics operating loop：Hydrogen ion and electronics are dissociated by hydrogen, electronics is transmitted to external circuit 1 by electrode plate 1 (101) (114), external circuit 1 (114) is transmitted to electrical equipment or power converter (115) again, and electric equipment or power converter (115) are again External circuit 2 (116) is transmitted, external circuit 2 (116) is transmitted to electrode plate 2 (107) again, and electrode plate 2 (107) is former by electronics oxygen supply again Oxygen atom is dissociated into oxonium ion by son；So as to complete the supplying power for outside of battery, electrical equipment or power converter are provided power to Device (115).
The composition of HC fuel battery：Electrode plate 1 (201), hydrocarbon compound (202), luminous tube array or porose flat Face luminous tube (203), proton exchange membrane (204), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205), oxygen or air (206), electrode plate 2 (207)；Extra electric field plate 1 (208), insulator (209), insulator (210), extra electric field plate 2 (211), Electrolyte (212), electrolyte (213), external circuit 1 (214), electrical equipment or power converter (215), external circuit 2 (216)；
Electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) sheet material for copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, A kind of metal in tin, gold, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium；It is electrode plate directly using a kind of metal；Or metal alloy forms electrode Plate；
On electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) can bond copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, Lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium metal powder；The ingredient of metal powder can be with electrode plate on electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) Ingredient it is identical, can not also be same；
The ingredient of metal powder can be the mixture of various metals particle on electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207)； Increase the surface area of electrode；
Can be bonded on electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) plate activated carbon, agraphitic carbon, graphene, onion type carbon, Fullerene, carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-particle, nano silicon particles, silicon nanowires；Increase the surface area of electrode；
After hydrocarbon compound (202) is passed through by outside, hydrocarbon compound absorption is on metal polar plate or hydrocarbon compound is inhaled On the metallic adhered on attached metallic or on hydrocarbon compound adsorbing metal plate or hydrocarbon compound adsorbing metal plate On the metal nanoparticle of upper attachment or on the particle of hydrocarbon compound absorption carbon on a metal plate or silicon；Through luminous tube battle array Row or porose flat luminous pipe (103) send ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-ray irradiation, and hydrocarbon compound is anti-with water Hydrogen ion, electronics, carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide discharge should be generated；Electronics is passed by electrode 1 (201) by external circuit 1 (214) It is sent to electrical equipment or power converter (215)；Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (212), due to hydrionic dense Degree is poor and spreads, and hydrogen ion passes through proton exchange membrane (204), reaches electrolyte (213)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (212), in extra electric field plate 1 (208) and extra electric field plate 2 (211) Directed movement reaches electrolyte (213) by proton exchange membrane (204) under the action of electric field；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (212), in extra electric field plate 1 (208) and extra electric field plate 2 (211) Proton exchange membrane (204) is diffused through under the collective effect of electric field and concentration difference, reaches electrolyte (213)；
Oxygen or air (206) are passed through absorption on electrode 2 (207), in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays luminous tube Under the action of the electromagnetic wave of array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) from electrode 2 (207) obtain two electron dissociations for oxygen from Son, oxonium ion are dissolved into electrolyte (213), one hydrone of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations, so as to complete Cheng Qing generates water with oxygen；Complete HC fuel cell power generation；
Electronics operating loop：Hydrogen ion and electronics are dissociated by hydrogen, electronics is transmitted to external circuit 1 by electrode 1 (201) (214), external circuit 1 (214) is transmitted to electrical equipment or power converter (215) again, and electric equipment or power converter (215) are again External circuit 2 (216) is transmitted, external circuit 2 (216) is transmitted to electrode 2 (207) again, and electrode 2 (207), will again by electronics to oxygen atom Oxygen atom becomes oxonium ion；Oxonium ion is combined into water with hydrogen ion, completes entire Xun Huan；So as to complete the supplying power for outside of battery, Provide power to electrical equipment or power converter (215).
Photocatalytic effect is catalyzed hydrogen：Common hydrogen fuel cell, could be real at normal temperatures, it is necessary to be catalyst with metal platinum The reaction of existing hydrogen and oxygen, realizes hydrogen fuel cell generating function；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, gold are used in the present invention Belong to element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to metal electrode On upper or carbon-point；Hydrogen is resolved into hydrogen ion and electricity by hydrogen under ultraviolet light or X-ray or the effect of gamma-ray catalytic effect Son can realize the generating function of hydrogen fuel cell；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, gold are used in the present invention Belong to element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to metal electrode On upper or carbon-point；Oxygen or air (106) are passed through absorption on electrode plate 2 (107), in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays Under the action of the electromagnetic wave of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) from electrode plate 2 (107) obtain two electronics from It solves as oxonium ion, oxonium ion is dissolved into electrolyte (213), one moisture of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations Son generates water so as to complete hydrogen with oxygen；Complete hydrogen fuel cell power generation.
The fuel cell of HC fuel：Common HC fuel battery, could be in room temperature, it is necessary to be catalyst with metal platinum Lower realization HC fuel is reacted with oxygen, realizes HC fuel cell power generation function；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, gold are used in the present invention Belong to element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to metal electrode On upper or carbon-point；Hydrocarbons resolve into hydrocarbons under ultraviolet light or X-ray or the effect of gamma-ray catalytic effect Water and carbon dioxide can realize the generating function of HC fuel battery；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, gold are used in the present invention Belong to element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to metal electrode On upper or carbon-point；Oxygen or air (206) are passed through absorption on electrode plate 2 (207), in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays Under the action of the electromagnetic wave of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) from electrode plate 2 (207) obtain two electronics from It solves as oxonium ion, oxonium ion is dissolved into electrolyte (213), one moisture of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations Son generates water so as to complete hydrogen with oxygen；Complete HC fuel cell power generation.
Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe send ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays catalysis hydrogen dissociation, The dissociation of oxygen, the dissociation of hydrocarbons；
Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105), Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) are by ultra-violet light-emitting Diode or X-ray luminescence diode or gamma-rays light emitting diode composition；Or ultraviolet lamp tube or X-ray tube or γ fluorescent tubes Composition；
Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105), Luminous tube in luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) Electric current is bigger, and the light sent is more, and the atomicity of the reaction of catalysis is also more, and the electricity that fuel cell is sent is also more；Combustion Expect that the generated output of battery is bigger；
The glow current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe is controlled, can control the generated output of fuel cell.
Electrode plate, coreless armature plate, particle granules, nano particle increase surface area, improve the reaction efficiency of fuel cell；
The positive electrode of hydrogen fuel cell：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, Calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to On metal electrode or on carbon-point；
The negative material of hydrogen fuel cell：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, Calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to On metal electrode or on carbon-point；
The positive electrode of HC fuel battery：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, Potassium, calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire adherency of carbon, silicon On metal electrode or on carbon-point；
The negative material of HC fuel battery：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, Potassium, calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire adherency of carbon, silicon On metal electrode or on carbon-point；
Electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107), electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) can be metal plate or Metallic plate with holes or the metallic plate with gas storage structure bond upper conductive nano particle, such as metal nanoparticle on electrode plate Or carbon nano-particle can greatly increase the contact surface area of electrode and reactive material；
Electrode uses metal with holes, as shown in figure 3,301 be electrode plate, 302 be hole；The logical hydrogen in inside, hydrogen and electricity Pole plate 1 (101) contact surface greatly increases.
Extra electric field accelerates hydrionic directed movement, improves the efficiency of fuel cell；
In hydrogen fuel cell：
Concentration diffusion or electric field driven or the collective effect of concentration diffusion and electric field driven realize hydrogen ion in electrolyte In movement；
Effect of the external electric field to hydrogen fuel cell：Passed through by extra electric field plate 1 (108), extra electric field plate 2 (111) additional Power supply, forms an added electrostatic field, and added electrostatic field can accelerate hydrogen ion (H+) be electrolysed through proton exchange membrane (104) Liquid (113) and oxonium ion (O2+) generation water (H2O), so as to greatly improving the efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell using energy source；Oxonium ion (O2 +) proton exchange membrane (104), all hydrogen ion (H cannot be penetrated+) and oxonium ion (O2+) composition generation water in electrolyte (113) carried out in；
Extra electric field voltage is bigger, the H under the action of external electric field+Through the H of proton exchange membrane (104)+More, the H of number+With The compound probability of oxygen is higher, and the efficiency of fuel cell is higher；When voltage certain value significantly, H+Reach saturation, H+Diffusion rate It is not further added by.
In HC fuel battery：
Concentration diffusion or electric field driven or the collective effect of concentration diffusion and electric field driven realize hydrogen ion in electrolyte In displacement；
Effect of the external electric field to HC fuel battery：Passed through by extra electric field plate 1 (208), extra electric field plate 2 (211) outer It powers up, forms an added electrostatic field, added electrostatic field can accelerate hydrogen ion (H+) proton exchange membrane (204) is penetrated in electricity Solve liquid (213) and oxonium ion (O2+) generation water (H2O), so as to greatly improving the efficiency that HC fuel battery power utilizes；Oxygen from Son (O2+) proton exchange membrane (104), all hydrogen ion (H cannot be penetrated+) and oxonium ion (O2+) composition generation water be electrolysed It is carried out in liquid (213)；
Extra electric field voltage is bigger, the H under the action of external electric field+Through the H of proton exchange membrane (204)+More, the H of number+With The compound probability of oxygen is higher, and the efficiency of fuel cell is higher；When voltage certain value significantly, H+Reach saturation, H+Diffusion rate It is not further added by.
The method of hydrogen fuel cell, HC fuel battery control output power；
Reduce hydrogen fuel cell generated output：
(1) supply of hydrogen, oxygen or air is reduced；
(2) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are reduced (105), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) Luminous quantity reduces the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, reduce luminous quantity, so as to reduce catalytic reaction point The number of son；
(3) voltage between hydrogen fuel cell increase electrode 1 (101), electrode 2 (107) electrode plate is reduced, so as to reduce electricity Field intensity, so as to reduce hydrionic diffusion velocity；Reduce fuel cell power generation power；
Reduce HC fuel electric power generation cell：
(1) supply of HC fuel, oxygen or air is reduced；
(2) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous are reduced The luminous quantity of (205) is managed, that is, reduces the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, luminous quantity is reduced, so as to reduce The number of catalytic reaction molecule；
(3) HC fuel battery reduces the voltage between electrode 1 (201), electrode 2 (207) electrode plate, additional so as to reduce Electric field strength, so as to slow down hydrionic diffusion velocity；Reduce fuel cell power generation power；
Increase hydrogen fuel cell generated output：
(1) supply of hydrogen, oxygen or air is increased；
(2) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are increased (105), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) Luminous quantity increases the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, increase luminous quantity, so as to increase catalytic reaction point The number of son；
(3) hydrogen fuel cell increases the voltage between electrode 1 (101), electrode 2 (107) electrode plate, so as to enhance electric-field strength Degree, so as to accelerate hydrionic diffusion velocity；Increase fuel cell power generation power；
Increase HC fuel electric power generation cell：
(1) supply of HC fuel, oxygen or air is increased；
(2) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous are increased The luminous quantity of (205) is managed, that is, increases the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, increases luminous quantity, so as to increase The number of catalytic reaction molecule；
(3) HC fuel battery increases the voltage between electrode 1 (201), electrode 2 (207) electrode plate, additional so as to enhance Electric field strength, so as to accelerate hydrionic diffusion velocity；Increase fuel cell power generation power.
(1) photocatalytic effect catalysis hydrogen, the dissociation of HC fuel；
(2) dissociation of photocatalytic effect catalytic oxygen；
(3) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe be used for being catalyzed the dissociation of hydrogen, the dissociation of oxygen, hydrocarbons from Solution；
(4) positive electrode of fuel cell, negative electrode use：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, Mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or carbon, silicon nano particle, Nano wire makees electrode；
(5) electrode plate, coreless armature plate, particle granules, nano particle increase surface area, improve the reaction effect of fuel cell Rate；
(6) extra electric field accelerates hydrionic directed movement, improves the efficiency of fuel cell；
(7) hydrogen fuel cell, the method for HC fuel battery control output power；
(8) above-mentioned 7 aspects part combination and all combinations.
Advantageous effect：Using light excitation catalysis battery, can use copper, aluminium, iron, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, Gold, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium ..., all metallic elements or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure of carbon, silicon；Or carbon, silicon nano particle, receive Cathode of the rice noodles as fuel cell, light excitation catalysis and metal or carbon, silicon collective effect under, by hydrogen or hydrocarbons Catalysis power generation.
4th, illustrate
The functional block diagram of Fig. 1 hydrogen photocatalytic effect batteries
The functional block diagram of Fig. 2 hydro carbons photocatalytic effect batteries
Metal electrode with holes Fig. 3
5th, specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Preferred embodiment 1：
The composition of hydrogen fuel cell：As shown in Figure 1, electrode plate 1 (101), hydrogen (102), luminous tube array or porose Flat luminous pipe (103), proton exchange membrane (104), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105), oxygen or air (106), electrode plate 2 (107)；Extra electric field plate 1 (108), insulator (109), insulator (110), extra electric field plate 2 (111), Electrolyte (112)；Electrolyte (113)；External circuit 1 (114)；Electrical equipment or power converter (115)；External circuit 2 (116)；
The composition of HC fuel battery：As shown in Fig. 2, electrode plate 1 (201), hydrocarbon compound (202), luminous tube array Or porose flat luminous pipe (203), proton exchange membrane (204), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205), oxygen Gas or air (206), electrode plate 2 (207)；Extra electric field plate 1 (208), insulator (209), insulator (210), extra electric field Plate 2 (211), electrolyte (212), electrolyte (213), external circuit 1 (214), electrical equipment or power converter (215), dispatch from foreign news agency Road 2 (216)；
Patent innovation point：
(1) photocatalytic effect catalysis hydrogen, the dissociation of HC fuel；
(2) dissociation of photocatalytic effect catalytic oxygen；
(3) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe be used for being catalyzed the dissociation of hydrogen, the dissociation of oxygen, hydrocarbons from Solution；
(4) positive electrode of fuel cell, negative electrode use：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, Mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or carbon, silicon nano particle, Nano wire makees electrode；
(5) electrode plate, coreless armature plate, particle granules, nano particle increase surface area, improve the reaction effect of fuel cell Rate；
(6) extra electric field accelerates hydrionic directed movement, improves the efficiency of fuel cell；
(7) hydrogen fuel cell, the method for HC fuel battery control output power；
(8) above-mentioned 7 aspects part combination and all combinations.
Preferred embodiment 2：
System forms：
The composition of hydrogen fuel cell：As shown in Figure 1, electrode plate 1 (101), hydrogen (102), luminous tube array or porose Flat luminous pipe (103), proton exchange membrane (104), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105), oxygen or air (106), electrode plate 2 (107)；Extra electric field plate 1 (108), insulator (109), insulator (110), extra electric field plate 2 (111), Electrolyte (112)；Electrolyte (113)；External circuit 1 (114)；Electrical equipment or power converter (115)；External circuit 2 (116)；
Electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) sheet material for copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, A kind of metal in tin, gold, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium；It is electrode plate directly using a kind of metal；Or metal alloy forms electrode Plate；
On electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) plate can bond copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, Tin, gold, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium metal powder；The ingredient of metal powder can on electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) plate It, can not also be same with identical with the ingredient of electrode plate；The ingredient of metal powder can be on electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) It is the mixture of various metals particle；Increase the surface area of electrode；
Can be bonded on electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) plate activated carbon, agraphitic carbon, graphene, onion type carbon, Fullerene, carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-particle, nano silicon particles, silicon nanowires；Increase the surface area of electrode；
After hydrogen (102) is passed through by outside, hydrogen adsorption bonds on electrode plate 1 (101) or on hydrogen adsorption metallic plate Metallic on；Or on the metal nanoparticle bonded on hydrogen adsorption metallic plate；Or the carbon of hydrogen adsorption on a metal plate Or on the particle of silicon；
The ultraviolet light or X-ray that are sent through luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103) or gamma-ray photograph It penetrates, hydrogen catalytic is dissociated into hydrogen ion and electronics, electronics is transmitted to electricity consumption by electrode 1 (101) by external circuit 1 (114) Equipment or power converter (115)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (112), is spread due to hydrionic concentration difference, hydrogen ion leads to Proton exchange membrane (104) is crossed, reaches electrolyte (113)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (112), in extra electric field plate 1 (108) and (111 electricity of extra electric field plate 2 Directed movement reaches electrolyte (113) by proton exchange membrane (104) under the action of；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (112), in extra electric field plate 1 (108) and extra electric field plate 2 (111) Proton exchange membrane (104) is diffused through under the collective effect of electric field and concentration difference, reaches electrolyte (113)；
Oxygen or air (106) are passed through absorption on electrode plate 2 (107), shine in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays Under the action of the light of pipe array or porose flat luminous pipe (105) from electrode plate 2 (107) obtain two electron dissociations for oxygen from Son, oxonium ion are dissolved into electrolyte (113), one hydrone of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations；So as to complete Cheng Qing and oxygen composition generation water complete hydrogen fuel cell power generation；
Electronics operating loop：Hydrogen ion and electronics are dissociated by hydrogen, electronics is transmitted to external circuit 1 by electrode plate 1 (101) (114), external circuit 1 (114) is transmitted to electrical equipment or power converter (115) again, and electric equipment or power converter (115) are again External circuit 2 (116) is transmitted, external circuit 2 (116) is transmitted to electrode plate 2 (107) again, and electrode plate 2 (107) is former by electronics oxygen supply again Oxygen atom is dissociated into oxonium ion by son；So as to complete the supplying power for outside of battery, electrical equipment or power converter are provided power to Device (115).
Preferred embodiment 3：
The composition of HC fuel battery：As shown in Fig. 2, electrode plate 1 (201), hydrocarbon compound (202), luminous tube array Or porose flat luminous pipe (203), proton exchange membrane (204), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205), oxygen Gas or air (206), electrode plate 2 (207)；Extra electric field plate 1 (208), insulator (209), insulator (210), extra electric field Plate 2 (211), electrolyte (212), electrolyte (213), external circuit 1 (214), electrical equipment or power converter (215), dispatch from foreign news agency Road 2 (216)；
Electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) sheet material for copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, A kind of metal in tin, gold, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium；It is electrode plate directly using a kind of metal；Or metal alloy forms electrode Plate；
On electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) can bond copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, Lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium metal powder；The ingredient of metal powder can be with electrode plate on electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) Ingredient it is identical, can not also be same；
The ingredient of metal powder can be the mixture of various metals particle on electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207)； Increase the surface area of electrode；
Can be bonded on electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) plate activated carbon, agraphitic carbon, graphene, onion type carbon, Fullerene, carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-particle, nano silicon particles, silicon nanowires；Increase the surface area of electrode；
After hydrocarbon compound (202) is passed through by outside, hydrocarbon compound absorption is on metal polar plate or hydrocarbon compound is inhaled On the metallic adhered on attached metallic or on hydrocarbon compound adsorbing metal plate or hydrocarbon compound adsorbing metal plate On the metal nanoparticle of upper attachment or on the particle of hydrocarbon compound absorption carbon on a metal plate or silicon；Through luminous tube battle array Row or porose flat luminous pipe (103) send ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-ray irradiation, and hydrocarbon compound is anti-with water Hydrogen ion, electronics, carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide discharge should be generated；Electronics is passed by electrode 1 (201) by external circuit 1 (214) It is sent to electrical equipment or power converter (215)；Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (212), due to hydrionic dense Degree is poor and spreads, and hydrogen ion passes through proton exchange membrane (204), reaches electrolyte (213)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (212), in extra electric field plate 1 (208) and extra electric field plate 2 (211) Directed movement reaches electrolyte (213) by proton exchange membrane (204) under the action of electric field；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (212), in extra electric field plate 1 (208) and extra electric field plate 2 (211) Proton exchange membrane (204) is diffused through under the collective effect of electric field and concentration difference, reaches electrolyte (213)；
Oxygen or air (206) are passed through absorption on electrode 2 (207), in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays luminous tube Under the action of the electromagnetic wave of array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) from electrode 2 (207) obtain two electron dissociations for oxygen from Son, oxonium ion are dissolved into electrolyte (213), one hydrone of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations, so as to complete Cheng Qing generates water with oxygen；Complete HC fuel cell power generation；
Electronics operating loop：Hydrogen ion and electronics are dissociated by hydrogen, electronics is transmitted to external circuit 1 by electrode 1 (201) (214), external circuit 1 (214) is transmitted to electrical equipment or power converter (215) again, and electric equipment or power converter (215) are again External circuit 2 (216) is transmitted, external circuit 2 (216) is transmitted to electrode 2 (207) again, and electrode 2 (207), will again by electronics to oxygen atom Oxygen atom becomes oxonium ion；Oxonium ion is combined into water with hydrogen ion, completes entire Xun Huan；So as to complete the supplying power for outside of battery, Provide power to electrical equipment or power converter (215).
Preferred embodiment 4：
Photocatalytic effect law：
1) for each chemical reaction substance all there are a limiting frequency (or cutoff frequency), the i.e. frequency of irradiation light not A certain critical value can be less than；Corresponding wavelength is referred to as limiting wave length (or long wavelength threshold wavelength)；When the frequency of incident light is less than pole When limiting frequency, no matter how strong light reacts without effect catalytic specie；
2) photocatalysis is related to the activation degree of chemical reaction substance and the frequency of light, and unrelated with light intensity；
3) intensity of incident light only influence catalytic reaction substance number, i.e., only influence urged in unit interval unit area How much change reactive material；In the case where light frequency is constant, incident light is stronger, and the substance of catalytic reaction is more.
Preferred embodiment 5：
Photocatalytic effect is catalyzed hydrogen：
Common hydrogen fuel cell could realize the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, it is necessary to be catalyst with metal platinum at normal temperatures, real Existing hydrogen fuel cell generating function；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, gold are used in the present invention Belong to element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to metal electrode On upper or carbon-point；Hydrogen is resolved into hydrogen ion and electricity by hydrogen under ultraviolet light or X-ray or the effect of gamma-ray catalytic effect Son can realize the generating function of hydrogen fuel cell；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, gold are used in the present invention Belong to element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to metal electrode On upper or carbon-point；Oxygen or air (106) are passed through absorption on electrode plate 2 (107), in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays Under the action of the electromagnetic wave of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) from electrode plate 2 (107) obtain two electronics from It solves as oxonium ion, oxonium ion is dissolved into electrolyte (213), one moisture of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations Son generates water so as to complete hydrogen with oxygen；Complete hydrogen fuel cell power generation.
Preferred embodiment 6：
The fuel cell of HC fuel：
Common HC fuel battery could realize HC fuel and oxygen, it is necessary to be catalyst with metal platinum at normal temperatures HC fuel cell power generation function is realized in reaction；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, gold are used in the present invention Belong to element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to metal electrode On upper or carbon-point；Hydrocarbons resolve into hydrocarbons under ultraviolet light or X-ray or the effect of gamma-ray catalytic effect Water and carbon dioxide can realize the generating function of HC fuel battery；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, gold are used in the present invention Belong to element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to metal electrode On upper or carbon-point；Oxygen or air (206) are passed through absorption on electrode plate 2 (207), in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays Under the action of the electromagnetic wave of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) from electrode plate 2 (207) obtain two electronics from It solves as oxonium ion, oxonium ion is dissolved into electrolyte (213), one moisture of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations Son generates water so as to complete hydrogen with oxygen；Complete HC fuel cell power generation.
Preferred embodiment 6：
Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe send ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays catalysis hydrogen dissociation, The dissociation of oxygen, the dissociation of hydrocarbons；
Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105), Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) are by ultra-violet light-emitting Diode or X-ray luminescence diode or gamma-rays light emitting diode composition；Or ultraviolet lamp tube or X-ray tube or γ fluorescent tubes Composition；
Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105), Luminous tube in luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) Electric current is bigger, and the light sent is more, and the atomicity of the reaction of catalysis is also more, and the electricity that fuel cell is sent is also more；Combustion Expect that the generated output of battery is bigger；
The glow current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe is controlled, can control the generated output of fuel cell.
Preferred embodiment 7：
Electrode plate, coreless armature plate, particle granules, nano particle increase surface area, improve the reaction efficiency of fuel cell；
The positive electrode of hydrogen fuel cell：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, Calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to On metal electrode or on carbon-point；
The negative material of hydrogen fuel cell：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, Calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to On metal electrode or on carbon-point；
The positive electrode of HC fuel battery：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, Potassium, calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire adherency of carbon, silicon On metal electrode or on carbon-point；
The negative material of HC fuel battery：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, Potassium, calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire adherency of carbon, silicon On metal electrode or on carbon-point；
Electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107), electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) can be metal plate or Metallic plate with holes or the metallic plate with gas storage structure bond upper conductive nano particle, such as metal nanoparticle on electrode plate Or carbon nano-particle can greatly increase the contact surface area of electrode and reactive material；
Electrode uses metal with holes, as shown in figure 3,301 be electrode plate, 302 be hole；The logical hydrogen in inside, hydrogen and electricity Pole plate 1 (101) contact surface greatly increases.
Preferred embodiment 8：
Extra electric field accelerates hydrionic directed movement, improves the efficiency of fuel cell；
In hydrogen fuel cell：
Concentration diffusion or electric field driven or the collective effect of concentration diffusion and electric field driven realize hydrogen ion in electrolyte In movement；
Effect of the external electric field to hydrogen fuel cell：Passed through by extra electric field plate 1 (108), extra electric field plate 2 (111) additional Power supply, forms an added electrostatic field, and added electrostatic field can accelerate hydrogen ion (H+) be electrolysed through proton exchange membrane (104) Liquid (113) and oxonium ion (O2+) generation water (H2O), so as to greatly improving the efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell using energy source；Oxonium ion (O2 +) proton exchange membrane (104), all hydrogen ion (H cannot be penetrated+) and oxonium ion (O2+) composition generation water in electrolyte (113) carried out in；
Extra electric field voltage is bigger, the H under the action of external electric field+Through the H of proton exchange membrane (104)+More, the H of number+With The compound probability of oxygen is higher, and the efficiency of fuel cell is higher；When voltage certain value significantly, H+Reach saturation, H+Diffusion rate It is not further added by.
In HC fuel battery：
Concentration diffusion or electric field driven or the collective effect of concentration diffusion and electric field driven realize hydrogen ion in electrolyte In displacement；
Effect of the external electric field to HC fuel battery：Passed through by extra electric field plate 1 (208), extra electric field plate 2 (211) outer It powers up, forms an added electrostatic field, added electrostatic field can accelerate hydrogen ion (H+) proton exchange membrane (204) is penetrated in electricity Solve liquid (213) and oxonium ion (O2+) generation water (H2O), so as to greatly improving the efficiency that HC fuel battery power utilizes；Oxygen from Son (O2+) proton exchange membrane (104), all hydrogen ion (H cannot be penetrated+) and oxonium ion (O2+) composition generation water be electrolysed It is carried out in liquid (213)；
Extra electric field voltage is bigger, the H under the action of external electric field+Through the H of proton exchange membrane (204)+More, the H of number+With The compound probability of oxygen is higher, and the efficiency of fuel cell is higher；When voltage certain value significantly, H+Reach saturation, H+Diffusion rate It is not further added by.
Preferred embodiment 9：
The method of hydrogen fuel cell, HC fuel battery control output power；
Reduce hydrogen fuel cell generated output：
(1) supply of hydrogen, oxygen or air is reduced；
(2) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are reduced (105), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) Luminous quantity reduces the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, reduce luminous quantity, so as to reduce catalytic reaction point The number of son；
(3) voltage between hydrogen fuel cell increase electrode 1 (101), electrode 2 (107) electrode plate is reduced, so as to reduce electricity Field intensity, so as to reduce hydrionic diffusion velocity；Reduce fuel cell power generation power；
Reduce HC fuel electric power generation cell：
(4) supply of HC fuel, oxygen or air is reduced；
(5) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous are reduced The luminous quantity of (205) is managed, that is, reduces the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, luminous quantity is reduced, so as to reduce The number of catalytic reaction molecule；
(6) HC fuel battery reduces the voltage between electrode 1 (201), electrode 2 (207) electrode plate, additional so as to reduce Electric field strength, so as to slow down hydrionic diffusion velocity；Reduce fuel cell power generation power；
Increase hydrogen fuel cell generated output：
(1) supply of hydrogen, oxygen or air is increased；
(2) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are increased (105), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) Luminous quantity increases the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, increase luminous quantity, so as to increase catalytic reaction point The number of son；
(3) hydrogen fuel cell increases the voltage between electrode 1 (101), electrode 2 (107) electrode plate, so as to enhance electric-field strength Degree, so as to accelerate hydrionic diffusion velocity；Increase fuel cell power generation power；
Increase HC fuel electric power generation cell：
(4) supply of HC fuel, oxygen or air is increased；
(5) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous are increased The luminous quantity of (205) is managed, that is, increases the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, increases luminous quantity, so as to increase The number of catalytic reaction molecule；
(6) HC fuel battery increases the voltage between electrode 1 (201), electrode 2 (207) electrode plate, additional so as to enhance Electric field strength, so as to accelerate hydrionic diffusion velocity；Increase fuel cell power generation power.
Preferred embodiment 10：
(1) photocatalytic effect catalysis hydrogen, the dissociation of HC fuel；
(2) dissociation of photocatalytic effect catalytic oxygen；
(3) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe be used for being catalyzed the dissociation of hydrogen, the dissociation of oxygen, hydrocarbons from Solution；
(4) positive electrode of fuel cell, negative electrode use：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, Mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or carbon, silicon nano particle, Nano wire makees electrode；
(5) electrode plate, coreless armature plate, particle granules, nano particle increase surface area, improve the reaction effect of fuel cell Rate；
(6) extra electric field accelerates hydrionic directed movement, improves the efficiency of fuel cell；
(7) hydrogen fuel cell, the method for HC fuel battery control output power；
(8) above-mentioned 7 aspects part combination and all combinations.
Although with reference to attached drawing, embodiments of the present invention will be described, and those of ordinary skill in the art can be appended Various deformations or amendments are made in the range of claim, a part that can also be in the design.

Claims (10)

1. photocatalytic effect battery, by：
The composition of hydrogen fuel cell：Electrode plate 1 (101), hydrogen (102), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), proton exchange membrane (104), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105), oxygen or air (106), electrode Plate 2 (107)；Extra electric field plate 1 (108), insulator (109), insulator (110), extra electric field plate 2 (111), electrolyte (112)；Electrolyte (113)；External circuit 1 (114)；Electrical equipment or power converter (115)；External circuit 2 (116)；
The composition of HC fuel battery：Electrode plate 1 (201), hydrocarbon compound (202), luminous tube array or porose plane hair Light pipe (203), proton exchange membrane (204), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205), oxygen or air (206), Electrode plate 2 (207)；Extra electric field plate 1 (208), insulator (209), insulator (210), extra electric field plate 2 (211), electrolyte (212), electrolyte (213), external circuit 1 (214), electrical equipment or power converter (215), external circuit 2 (216)；
Composition, it is characterized in that：
(1) photocatalytic effect catalysis hydrogen, the dissociation of HC fuel；
(2) dissociation of photocatalytic effect catalytic oxygen；
(3) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are used for being catalyzed the dissociation, the dissociation of oxygen, the dissociation of hydrocarbons of hydrogen；
(4) positive electrode of fuel cell, negative electrode use：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, Lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or carbon, silicon nano particle, receive Rice noodles make electrode；
(5) electrode plate, coreless armature plate, particle granules, nano particle increase surface area, improve the reaction efficiency of fuel cell；
(6) extra electric field accelerates hydrionic directed movement, improves the efficiency of fuel cell；
(7) hydrogen fuel cell, the method for HC fuel battery control output power；
(8) and above-mentioned 7 aspects combine.
2. photocatalytic effect battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The composition of hydrogen fuel cell：Electrode plate 1 (101), hydrogen (102), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), proton exchange membrane (104), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105), oxygen or air (106), electrode Plate 2 (107)；Extra electric field plate 1 (108), insulator (109), insulator (110), extra electric field plate 2 (111), electrolyte (112)；Electrolyte (113)；External circuit 1 (114)；Electrical equipment or power converter (115)；External circuit 2 (116)；
Electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) sheet material for copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, A kind of metal in lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium；It is electrode plate directly using a kind of metal；Or metal alloy forms electrode plate；
On electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) plate can bond copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, Lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium metal powder；The ingredient of metal powder can be with electricity on electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) plate The ingredient of pole plate is identical, can not also be same；The ingredient of metal powder can be a variety of on electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) The mixture of metallic；Increase the surface area of electrode；
Activated carbon, agraphitic carbon, graphene, onion type carbon, fowler can be bonded on electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107) plate Alkene, carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-particle, nano silicon particles, silicon nanowires；Increase the surface area of electrode；
After hydrogen (102) is passed through by outside, the gold of hydrogen adsorption bonding on electrode plate 1 (101) or on hydrogen adsorption metallic plate Belong on particle；Or on the metal nanoparticle bonded on hydrogen adsorption metallic plate；Or the carbon or silicon of hydrogen adsorption on a metal plate Particle on；
Ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-ray irradiation are sent through luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), by hydrogen Gas catalytic dissociation is hydrogen ion and electronics, and electronics is transmitted to electrical equipment or electricity by electrode 1 (101) by external circuit 1 (114) Force transducer (115)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (112), is spread due to hydrionic concentration difference, hydrogen ion passes through matter Proton exchange (104) reaches electrolyte (113)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (112), extra electric field plate 1 (108) and extra electric field plate 2 (111 electric fields The lower directed movement of effect reaches electrolyte (113) by proton exchange membrane (104)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (112), in extra electric field plate 1 (108) and extra electric field plate 2 (111) electric field With diffuse through proton exchange membrane (104) under the collective effect of concentration difference, reach electrolyte (113)；
Oxygen or air (106) are passed through absorption on electrode plate 2 (107), in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays luminous tube battle array Two electron dissociations are obtained as oxonium ion from electrode plate 2 (107) under the action of the light of row or porose flat luminous pipe (105), Oxonium ion is dissolved into electrolyte (113), one hydrone of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations；So as to complete Hydrogen and oxygen composition generation water complete hydrogen fuel cell power generation；
Electronics operating loop：Hydrogen ion and electronics are dissociated by hydrogen, electronics is transmitted to external circuit 1 by electrode plate 1 (101) (114), external circuit 1 (114) is transmitted to electrical equipment or power converter (115) again, and electric equipment or power converter (115) are again External circuit 2 (116) is transmitted, external circuit 2 (116) is transmitted to electrode plate 2 (107) again, and electrode plate 2 (107) is former by electronics oxygen supply again Oxygen atom is dissociated into oxonium ion by son；So as to complete the supplying power for outside of battery, electrical equipment or power converter are provided power to Device (115).
3. photocatalytic effect battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The composition of HC fuel battery：Electrode plate 1 (201), hydrocarbon compound (202), luminous tube array or porose plane hair Light pipe (203), proton exchange membrane (204), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205), oxygen or air (206), Electrode plate 2 (207)；Extra electric field plate 1 (208), insulator (209), insulator (210), extra electric field plate 2 (211), electrolyte (212), electrolyte (213), external circuit 1 (214), electrical equipment or power converter (215), external circuit 2 (216)；
Electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) sheet material for copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, A kind of metal in lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium；It is electrode plate directly using a kind of metal；Or metal alloy forms electrode plate；
On electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) can bond copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, lithium, Sodium, potassium, calcium, barium metal powder；On electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) ingredient of metal powder can with electrode plate into Split-phase is same, can not also be same；
The ingredient of metal powder can be the mixture of various metals particle on electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207)；Increase The surface area of electrode；
Activated carbon, agraphitic carbon, graphene, onion type carbon, fowler can be bonded on electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) plate Alkene, carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-particle, nano silicon particles, silicon nanowires；Increase the surface area of electrode；
After hydrocarbon compound (202) is passed through by outside, hydrocarbon compound adsorbs on metal polar plate or hydrocarbon compound ADSORPTION OF GOLD Belong on particle or on hydrocarbon compound adsorbing metal plate on the metallic that adheres to or on hydrocarbon compound adsorbing metal plate it is attached On the metal nanoparticle or on the particle of hydrocarbon compound absorption carbon on a metal plate or silicon；Through luminous tube array or The ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-ray irradiation that porose flat luminous pipe (103) sends react hydrocarbon compound and water Generate hydrogen ion, electronics, carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide discharge；Electronics is transmitted by electrode 1 (201) by external circuit 1 (214) To electrical equipment or power converter (215)；Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (212), due to hydrionic concentration Difference and spread, hydrogen ion pass through proton exchange membrane (204), arrival electrolyte (213)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (212), in extra electric field plate 1 (208) and extra electric field plate 2 (211) electric field Under the action of directed movement pass through proton exchange membrane (204), reach electrolyte (213)；
Hydrogen ion departs from pole plate and is dissolved in electrolyte (212), in extra electric field plate 1 (208) and extra electric field plate 2 (211) electric field With diffuse through proton exchange membrane (204) under the collective effect of concentration difference, reach electrolyte (213)；
Oxygen or air (206) are passed through absorption on electrode 2 (207), in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays luminous tube array Or two electron dissociations are obtained as oxonium ion from electrode 2 (207) under the action of the electromagnetic wave of porose flat luminous pipe (205), Oxonium ion is dissolved into electrolyte (213), one hydrone of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations, so as to complete hydrogen Water is generated with oxygen；Complete HC fuel cell power generation；
Electronics operating loop：Hydrogen ion and electronics are dissociated by hydrogen, electronics is transmitted to external circuit 1 (214) by electrode 1 (201), External circuit 1 (214) is transmitted to electrical equipment or power converter (215) again, and electric equipment or power converter (215) transmit outer again Circuit 2 (216), external circuit 2 (216) are transmitted to electrode 2 (207) again, and electrode 2 (207) is again by electronics to oxygen atom, by oxygen atom Become oxonium ion；Oxonium ion is combined into water with hydrogen ion, completes entire Xun Huan；So as to complete the supplying power for outside of battery, by electric energy It is supplied to electrical equipment or power converter (215).
4. photocatalytic effect battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Photocatalytic effect is catalyzed hydrogen：Common hydrogen fuel cell could realize hydrogen, it is necessary to be catalyst with metal platinum at normal temperatures With the reaction of oxygen, hydrogen fuel cell generating function is realized；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, metal member are used in the present invention Element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon be adhered on metal electrode or On carbon-point；Hydrogen is resolved into hydrogen ion and electronics, energy by hydrogen under ultraviolet light or X-ray or the effect of gamma-ray catalytic effect Realize the generating function of hydrogen fuel cell；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, metal member are used in the present invention Element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon be adhered on metal electrode or On carbon-point；Oxygen or air (106) are passed through absorption on electrode plate 2 (107), shine in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays Obtaining two electron dissociations from electrode plate 2 (107) under the action of the electromagnetic wave of pipe array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) is Oxonium ion, oxonium ion are dissolved into electrolyte (213), one hydrone of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations, from And it completes hydrogen and generates water with oxygen；Complete hydrogen fuel cell power generation.
5. photocatalytic effect battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The fuel cell of HC fuel：Common HC fuel battery, could be real at normal temperatures, it is necessary to be catalyst with metal platinum Existing HC fuel is reacted with oxygen, realizes HC fuel cell power generation function；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, metal member are used in the present invention Element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon be adhered on metal electrode or On carbon-point；Hydrocarbons ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-ray catalytic effect effect under by hydrocarbons resolve into water and Carbon dioxide can realize the generating function of HC fuel battery；
Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, metal member are used in the present invention Element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon be adhered on metal electrode or On carbon-point；Oxygen or air (206) are passed through absorption on electrode plate 2 (207), shine in ultraviolet light or X-ray or gamma-rays Obtaining two electron dissociations from electrode plate 2 (207) under the action of the electromagnetic wave of pipe array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) is Oxonium ion, oxonium ion are dissolved into electrolyte (213), one hydrone of an oxonium ion and two hydrogen ion composition generations, from And it completes hydrogen and generates water with oxygen；Complete HC fuel cell power generation.
6. photocatalytic effect battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe send ultraviolet light or X-ray or the gamma-rays catalysis dissociation of hydrogen, oxygen Dissociation, the dissociation of hydrocarbons；
Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105) shine Pipe array or porose flat luminous pipe (203), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) are by two pole of ultra-violet light-emitting Pipe or X-ray luminescence diode or gamma-rays light emitting diode composition；Or ultraviolet lamp tube or X-ray tube or γ light tube groups Into；
Luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (105) shine Luminous tube current in pipe array or porose flat luminous pipe (203), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) Bigger, the light sent is more, and the atomicity of the reaction of catalysis is also more, and the electricity that fuel cell is sent is also more；Fuel electricity The generated output in pond is bigger；
The glow current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe is controlled, can control the generated output of fuel cell.
7. photocatalytic effect battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Electrode plate, coreless armature plate, particle granules, nano particle increase surface area, improve the reaction efficiency of fuel cell；
The positive electrode of hydrogen fuel cell：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, Barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to metal On electrode or on carbon-point；
The negative material of hydrogen fuel cell：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, Barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to metal On electrode or on carbon-point；
The positive electrode of HC fuel battery：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, Calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to On metal electrode or on carbon-point；
The negative material of HC fuel battery：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, Calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nano wire of carbon, silicon are adhered to On metal electrode or on carbon-point；
Electrode plate 1 (101), electrode plate 2 (107), electrode plate 1 (201), electrode plate 2 (207) can be metal plates or with holes Metallic plate or metallic plate with gas storage structure, upper conductive nano particle is bonded on electrode plate, such as metal nanoparticle or carbon Nano particle can greatly increase the contact surface area of electrode and reactive material.
8. photocatalytic effect battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Extra electric field accelerates hydrionic directed movement, improves the efficiency of fuel cell；
In hydrogen fuel cell：Concentration diffusion or electric field driven or the collective effect of concentration diffusion and electric field driven, realize hydrogen The movement of ion in the electrolytic solution；
Effect of the external electric field to hydrogen fuel cell：By extra electric field plate 1 (108), extra electric field plate 2 (111) by additional power source, An added electrostatic field is formed, added electrostatic field can accelerate hydrogen ion (H+) proton exchange membrane (104) is penetrated in electrolyte (113) with oxonium ion (O2+) generation water (H2O), so as to greatly improving the efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell using energy source；Oxonium ion (O2+) Proton exchange membrane (104), all hydrogen ion (H cannot be penetrated+) and oxonium ion (O2+) composition generation water in electrolyte (113) Middle progress；
Extra electric field voltage is bigger, the H under the action of external electric field+Through the H of proton exchange membrane (104)+More, the H of number+With oxygen Compound probability is higher, and the efficiency of fuel cell is higher；When voltage certain value significantly, H+Reach saturation, H+Diffusion rate is no longer Increase.
In HC fuel battery：Concentration diffusion or electric field driven or the collective effect of concentration diffusion and electric field driven, are realized The displacement of hydrogen ion in the electrolytic solution；
Effect of the external electric field to HC fuel battery：Outer power-up is passed through by extra electric field plate 1 (208), extra electric field plate 2 (211) Source, forms an added electrostatic field, and added electrostatic field can accelerate hydrogen ion (H+) proton exchange membrane (204) is penetrated in electrolyte (213) with oxonium ion (O2+) generation water (H2O), so as to greatly improving the efficiency that HC fuel battery power utilizes；Oxonium ion (O2 +) proton exchange membrane (104), all hydrogen ion (H cannot be penetrated+) and oxonium ion (O2+) composition generation water in electrolyte (213) carried out in；
Extra electric field voltage is bigger, the H under the action of external electric field+Through the H of proton exchange membrane (204)+More, the H of number+With oxygen Compound probability is higher, and the efficiency of fuel cell is higher；When voltage certain value significantly, H+Reach saturation, H+Diffusion rate is no longer Increase.
9. photocatalytic effect battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The method of hydrogen fuel cell, HC fuel battery control output power；
Reduce hydrogen fuel cell generated output：
(1) supply of hydrogen, oxygen or air is reduced；
(2) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are reduced (105), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) Luminous quantity reduces the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, reduce luminous quantity, so as to reduce catalytic reaction point The number of son；
(3) voltage between hydrogen fuel cell increase electrode 1 (101), electrode 2 (107) electrode plate is reduced, so as to reduce electric-field strength Degree, so as to reduce hydrionic diffusion velocity；Reduce fuel cell power generation power；
Reduce HC fuel electric power generation cell：
(1) supply of HC fuel, oxygen or air is reduced；
(2) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are reduced (205) luminous quantity reduces the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, reduce luminous quantity, urged so as to reduce Change the number of reaction molecular；
(3) HC fuel battery reduces the voltage between electrode 1 (201), electrode 2 (207) electrode plate, so as to reduce additional electricity Field intensity, so as to slow down hydrionic diffusion velocity；Reduce fuel cell power generation power；
Increase hydrogen fuel cell generated output：
(1) supply of hydrogen, oxygen or air is increased；
(2) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (103), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are increased (105), luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (205) Luminous quantity increases the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, increase luminous quantity, so as to increase catalytic reaction point The number of son；
(3) hydrogen fuel cell increases the voltage between electrode 1 (101), electrode 2 (107) electrode plate, so as to enhance electric field strength, So as to accelerate hydrionic diffusion velocity；Increase fuel cell power generation power；
Increase HC fuel electric power generation cell：
(1) supply of HC fuel, oxygen or air is increased；
(2) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe (203) and luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are increased (205) luminous quantity increases the electric current of luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe, increase luminous quantity, urged so as to increase Change the number of reaction molecular；
(3) HC fuel battery increases the voltage between electrode 1 (201), electrode 2 (207) electrode plate, so as to enhance additional electricity Field intensity, so as to accelerate hydrionic diffusion velocity；Increase fuel cell power generation power.
10. photocatalytic effect battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
(1) photocatalytic effect catalysis hydrogen, the dissociation of HC fuel；
(2) dissociation of photocatalytic effect catalytic oxygen；
(3) luminous tube array or porose flat luminous pipe are used for being catalyzed the dissociation, the dissociation of oxygen, the dissociation of hydrocarbons of hydrogen；
(4) positive electrode of fuel cell, negative electrode use：Copper, aluminium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, Lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, metallic element or carbon, silicon particle；The gap structure material of carbon, silicon；Or nano particle, the nanometer of carbon, silicon Line makees electrode；
(5) electrode plate, coreless armature plate, particle granules, nano particle increase surface area, improve the reaction efficiency of fuel cell；
(6) extra electric field accelerates hydrionic directed movement, improves the efficiency of fuel cell；
(7) hydrogen fuel cell, the method for HC fuel battery control output power；
(8) above-mentioned 7 aspects part combination and all combinations.
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