CN108061973A - Directional backlight unit and the image display including the directional backlight unit - Google Patents
Directional backlight unit and the image display including the directional backlight unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108061973A CN108061973A CN201710991253.3A CN201710991253A CN108061973A CN 108061973 A CN108061973 A CN 108061973A CN 201710991253 A CN201710991253 A CN 201710991253A CN 108061973 A CN108061973 A CN 108061973A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0058—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
- G02B6/0061—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide to provide homogeneous light output intensity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
- G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources
Abstract
Provide a kind of directional backlight unit and the image display including the directional backlight unit.The directional backlight unit includes at least one light source and guides the light guide plate of the light emitted by the light source.Interval between the grating pattern being formed on institute's light guide plate meets at least one in the following conditions：First scope and the second scope, to minimize the diffusion of the light as caused by the grating pattern.
Description
Cross reference to related applications
The korean patent application No.10-2016- submitted this application claims on November 8th, 2016 in Korean Intellectual Property Office
0148181 priority, entire disclosure are incorporated herein by reference.
Technical field
Various exemplary embodiments are related to the directional backlight unit with improved smooth diffusivity, including the directional backlight
The image display of unit and the method for manufacturing the directional backlight unit.
Background technology
In order to overcome the limitation of two dimension (2D) image that depth information is only displayed without in traditional images display device,
Through having extensively studied and the relevant technology of three-dimensional (3D) image display.The 3D rendering display device of Current commercial it is main
Type use binocular parallax, wherein left-eye image and eye image with different points of observation be provided to beholder left eye and
Right eye, so as to enable a viewer to feel stereoscopic effect.3D rendering display device can be divided into the glasses for needing special spectacles
Type 3D rendering display device and the non-glasses type 3D rendering display device that glasses are not required.
Eyes type 3D rendering display device, using mycyscope type, polaroid glasses is used for TV (TV) for cinema
Type or liquid crystal shutter type.Non- glasses type 3D rendering display device is divided into barrier type and lens-type according to its structure, and according to its figure
As implementation type is divided into, multi views render type, volume type (it includes all information of 3d space, and is expressed in the form of voxel and closed
In the information of 3d space), (it is each from compound eye (for example, eyes of fly) lens focus by insect for integration imaging type
Angle capture images, and oppositely show image), holographic, etc..
It is used using the non-glasses type 3D rendering display device of directional backlight unit in configuration aspects with hundreds of nanometers
The grating of size, and by selecting one kind in above-mentioned image implementation type by photoemissive direction setting to desired side
To so as to fulfill 3D rendering.
The content of the invention
One or more exemplary embodiments provide a kind of directional backlight unit, have improved light diffusivity.
One or more exemplary embodiments additionally provide a kind of image display, including with improved light diffusion
The directional backlight unit of ability.
Additional aspect will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and partly will be apparent from the description or
Person can be by putting into practice presented exemplary embodiment come acquistion.
One side according to one exemplary embodiment provides a kind of directional backlight unit, including：At least one light source,
It is configured to transmitting light；And light guide plate, light of the guiding by least one light source transmitting is configured to, wherein, multiple gratings
Pattern is arranged on the exit surface of institute's light guide plate, and each grating pattern in the multiple grating pattern is configured so that light exists
Corresponding predetermined party travels upwardly, and wherein, the interval between the adjacent grating pattern in the multiple grating pattern meets
It is at least one in the following conditions：Less than the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source 1/10 the first scope and more than by
180/ π times of the second scope of the wavelength of the light of light source transmitting.
The wavelength of the light emitted by the light source can be between 380nm and 780nm.
Interval between the adjacent grating pattern can meet at least one in the following conditions：Less than the of 50nm
Three scopes and the 4th scope more than 30 μm.
The multiple grating pattern can include the grating pattern and multiple Fictitious data base patterns towards multiple panels orientation,
The grating pattern of the multiple panel orientation forms directive property, the multiple Fictitious data base pattern difference towards multiple viewing areas
It is arranged between the grating pattern of the adjacent panel orientation in the grating pattern of the multiple panel orientation.
The directional backlight unit can also include virtual photoresist layer, and the virtual photoresist layer includes multiple light blockings
Region, the multiple light blocking regions are configured to stop the light propagated from each in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern.
The mean refractive index of each Fictitious data base pattern in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern be substantially equal to
In the grating pattern of the adjacent the multiple panel orientation of each Fictitious data base figure in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern extremely
The mean refractive index of the grating pattern of few panel orientation.
In the pitch of grating and the direction of grating of each Fictitious data base pattern in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
It is at least one to can be different from the multiple face adjacent with each Fictitious data base pattern in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
In the pitch of grating of grating pattern of at least one panel orientation and the direction of grating in the grating pattern of plate orientation extremely
It is one few.
The luminous efficiency of each Fictitious data base pattern in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern can be less than the multiple face
The luminous efficiency of the grating pattern of each panel orientation in the grating pattern of plate orientation.
At least one light source may be configured to the multiple light sources of the light of transmitting different wave length, wherein, it is described more
At least two grating patterns in a grating pattern selectively reflect the light of the different wave length.
Aspect according to another exemplary embodiment provides a kind of image display, including：At least one light source,
It is configured to transmitting light；Light guide plate is configured to light of the guiding by least one light source transmitting；And display panel, match somebody with somebody
It is set to and image is formed by using the light by the light-guide plate guides, wherein, multiple grating patterns are arranged on the light guide plate
On exit surface, each grating pattern in the multiple grating pattern is configured so that light in corresponding predetermined direction uplink
Into, and wherein, the interval between the adjacent grating pattern in the multiple grating pattern meets in the following conditions at least
One：Less than 1/10 the first scope of the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source and more than the light emitted by the light source
Wavelength 180/ π times of the second scope.
The wavelength of the light emitted by the light source can be between 380nm and 780nm.
Interval between the adjacent grating pattern can meet at least one in the following conditions：First model
It encloses and the 3rd scope more than 30 μm.
The multiple grating pattern can include the grating pattern of multiple panels orientation and multiple Fictitious data base patterns, described
The grating pattern of multiple panel orientations is formed towards multiple viewing areas to be orientated, and the multiple Fictitious data base pattern is separately positioned on
Between the grating pattern of adjacent panel orientation in the grating pattern of the multiple panel orientation.
The multiple Fictitious data base pattern is configurable to prevent from each virtual in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The light that grating pattern is propagated is used to form described image.
The multiple Fictitious data base pattern is configurable to will be from each virtual optical in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The light that gate pattern is propagated is directed to outside the visual angle of the display panel.
Described image display device can also include virtual photoresist layer, and the virtual photoresist layer includes multiple light blockings
Region, the multiple light blocking regions are configured to prevent from passing from each Fictitious data base pattern in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The light broadcast is incided on the display panel.
The multiple Fictitious data base pattern may be configured such that each virtual in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The corresponding wavelength band selected in grating pattern is different from by each Fictitious data base pattern in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The corresponding wavelength band of the pixel of orientation.
The corresponding mean refractive index of each Fictitious data base pattern in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern can be substantially
The grating pattern of the multiple panel orientation adjacent equal to each Fictitious data base figure in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
In at least one panel orientation grating pattern mean refractive index.
In the pitch of grating and the direction of grating of each Fictitious data base pattern in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
It is at least one to can be different from the multiple face adjacent with each Fictitious data base pattern in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
In the pitch of grating of grating pattern of at least one panel orientation and the direction of grating in the grating pattern of plate orientation extremely
It is one few.
The luminous efficiency of each Fictitious data base pattern in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern can be less than the multiple face
The luminous efficiency of the grating pattern of each panel orientation in the grating pattern of plate orientation.
Description of the drawings
Above and/or other aspects will be become apparent from being described below of the exemplary embodiment with reference to attached drawing and
It is easier to understand, in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the perspective view for the structure for showing directional backlight unit accoding to exemplary embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view for the cross section for being shown specifically grating pattern shown in FIG. 1, to describe mean refractive index；
Fig. 3 is the perspective view for the structure for showing the directional backlight unit according to comparative example；
Fig. 4 is the displaing micro picture for being shown specifically the grating pattern being formed on light guide plate shown in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the concept map for the diffusion for showing the light emitted from grating pattern shown in Fig. 3；
Fig. 6 is the concept map for showing the generation of crosstalk caused by the diffusion of light；
Fig. 7 is the plan view for the structure for showing the directional backlight unit according to another exemplary embodiment；
Fig. 8 is plan view, is used for the grating pattern being included in the diffraction element of directional backlight unit shown in FIG. 1
Compared with the grating pattern being included in the diffraction element of the back light unit shown in Fig. 3 of comparative example；
Fig. 9 is plan view, is used to be included within the diffraction member of directional backlight unit according to another exemplary embodiment
Grating pattern in part is compared with the grating pattern being included in the diffraction element of the back light unit of comparative example；
Figure 10 is the cross-sectional view from the diffraction element of the line B-B ' viewings of Fig. 9；
Figure 11 is shown, when the directional backlight unit including diffraction element shown in Fig. 9 is applied to image display,
From the direct of travel of the light of each transmitting in the grating pattern of multiple panels orientation and from multiple Fictitious data base patterns
Each transmitting light direct of travel；
Figure 12 is the cross-sectional view for the structure for showing the directional backlight unit according to another exemplary embodiment；
Figure 13 is the cross-sectional view for the structure for showing the directional backlight unit according to another exemplary embodiment；
Figure 14 is the structure for showing the diffraction element being included in directional backlight unit according to another exemplary embodiment
Plan view；
Figure 15 is the perspective view of image display accoding to exemplary embodiment；And
Figure 16 A, 16B and 17 are to show Computer simulation results of the exemplary embodiment together with the effect of comparative example.
Specific embodiment
Although the term used in the disclosure is general with what is be currently commonly used under the considering of the function of the disclosure
Term and select, but these terms can be according to the intention of those of ordinary skill in the art, judicial precedent or new technology
It introduces and changes.In addition, in particular situations, applicant can voluntarily select term, and in this case, term contains
Justice is disclosed in the corresponding description section of the disclosure.Therefore, the term used in the disclosure should not be by the simple name of term
It defines, and is through the meaning of content of this disclosure and term to define.
In the description of exemplary embodiment, when a part is connected to another part, which not only can directly connect
Another part is connected to, another device of insertion between them can also be utilized to be electrically connected to another part.It is if it is assumed that specific
Part include some component, then term " comprising " mean corresponding component can also include other component, unless describe with
The opposite specific meanings of corresponding component.Such as term of " unit " or " module " used in exemplary implementation represents to locate
It manages the unit of at least one functions or operations, and can be realized with the combination of hardware, software or hardware and software.
The term of the such as " comprising " or "comprising" that use in the disclosure is not necessarily to be construed as including described herein
All elements or operation, and should be interpreted exclude element or operation in some or further include additional element or behaviour
Make.
Although such as term of " first " and " second " used in the present example embodiment of the disclosure can be modified
The various elements of various exemplary embodiments, but these terms do not limit corresponding element.These terms can be used for distinguishing
The purpose of one element and another element.
The scope for being not necessarily to be construed as limitation exemplary embodiment is described below in exemplary embodiment, and this field is general
The content that logical technical staff can easily derive should be interpreted to fall into the range of exemplary embodiment.Hereinafter,
The exemplary embodiment for explanation will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the perspective view for the structure for showing directional backlight unit accoding to exemplary embodiment.
With reference to figure 1, directional backlight unit BLU according to one exemplary embodiment (herein also referred to as " directional backlight device ") can
To include at least one light source LS and light guide plate LGP, the light guide plate LGP is guided and is emitted the light emitted by light source LS.It is leading
On the exit surface of tabula rasa LGP, the diffraction element D1 for including multiple grating pattern GP is formed.Multiple grating pattern GP can be repeated
Ground is arranged, such as is arranged with the pattern repeated.
Light guide plate LGP can include at least one incidence surface and exit surface ES, be incided by the light source LS light emitted
On at least one incidence surface, the light advanced in light guide plate LGP emits from exit surface ES.Light guide plate LGP passes through complete
Internal reflection guides the light from light source LS, will pass through exit surface ES transmittings.Surface towards exit surface ES is total reflection
Surface TS, and cannot be all anti-from total reflection surface TS by the light of the back reflection of the diffraction element D1 on exit surface ES
It penetrates and advances in light guide plate LGP.Light source LS can be arranged in the edge of light guide plate LGP, and can from the light source LS light emitted
To be met for more times by the exit surface ES being totally reflected in the inside of light guide plate LGP and light guide plate LGP.
Although light guide plate LGP to be illustrated as to the shape with tablet in Fig. 1, exemplary embodiment is not limited to this.
For example, the exit surface ES of light guide plate LGP can have the shape of curved surface.
The diffraction element D1 being formed on the exit surface ES of light guide plate LGP can include multiple grating pattern GP so that
It can be emitted in a specified direction in the light that the inside of light guide plate LGP is advanced by total internal reflection.In grating pattern GP, from
Exit surface ES is protruded or repeatedly arranged (that is, with repetition according to specific rule compared with the concave grating G of exit surface ES
Pattern arrangement).Grating G can include the material with the material identical of light guide plate LGP.However, the material of grating G is not limited to this
Example.At least two in multiple grating pattern GP can have different pattern forms.For example, the direction of grating, interval and
In duty cycle at least any one can change.The direct of travel of the light emitted from grating pattern GP can be based on grating pattern GP
Pattern form and change.Multiple grating pattern GP can emit light towards multiple and different corresponding viewing areas.
Multiple grating pattern GP can be disposed adjacently to one another.In this aspect, can not be deposited between grating pattern GP
In any region that no pattern is formed.By the way that grating pattern GP is arranged as adjacent to each other, in the exit surface of light guide plate LGP
ES is upper can be not present any region that no grating pattern GP is formed.Due to not deposited on the exit surface ES of light guide plate LGP
The region of grating pattern GP is not being formed, the inhomogeneities of the exit surface ES of light guide plate LGP can minimize.Inhomogeneities
Minimum can be for example, by being accomplished by the following way：So that it is formed in the light on the exit surface ES of light guide plate LGP
The mean refractive index of gate pattern GP is almost uniform in the whole region of the exit surface ES of light guide plate LGP.Herein,
" mean refractive index " is the material between the refractive index for the grating material (for example, light guide panel material) for being related to grating pattern and grating
The concept of both refractive index of (for example, air).Decline with the uniformity of the mean refractive index on exit surface ES, be
It says, the distribution of mean refractive index is relatively wide, and the diffusion of the light caused by grating pattern GP increases.In exemplary implementation
In example, the mean refractive index of grating pattern GP is almost uniform in the whole region of exit surface ES, so that due to
The diffusion of light caused by grating pattern GP minimizes.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view for the cross section for being shown specifically grating pattern GP shown in FIG. 1, to describe mean refractive index.
With reference to figure 2, the characteristic of the shape of grating pattern GP can be by the pitch P of the recurrence interval of expression grating G and grating G
Width P1 represent.The duty cycle of grating pattern GP can be by the width P1 of grating G compared with the section between the phase adjacency pair of grating G
Ratio away from P represents.
The mean refractive index of grating pattern GP can the duty cycle based on grating pattern GP and change.For example, it is assumed that grating
The duty cycle of pattern GP is ' a ', and grating G is that in air (refractive index~1), the mean refractive index of grating pattern GP can be as
Following equation 1 represents as follows：
Neff=a*n1+ (1-a) * 1 (1),
Wherein n1 represents the refractive index of the material (that is, the material of grating G) of grating pattern GP.
N1 can be the refractive index of light guide plate LGP.Since a is that the value between 0 and 1 and n1 are more than 1, so neff is less than
n1。
It is different from exemplary embodiment, it, should if there is the region for not forming grating G between grating pattern GP
The refractive index in region is equal to n1, is more than neff defined above.Therefore, the mean refraction of the exit surface ES of light guide plate LGP
Rate includes neff and n1, and with the distribution for including high index of refraction and low-refraction, and so as to add inhomogeneities.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view for the structure for showing the directional backlight unit BLU according to comparative example.
With reference to figure 3, light source 20 is included according to the directional backlight unit BLU of comparative example, guides and emits and sent out by light source 20
It the light guide plate 10 for the light penetrated and is formed on the top surface of light guide plate 10 and includes the diffraction element D of multiple grating patterns 12.
Different from exemplary embodiment, in comparative example, grating pattern 12 is formed as being separated from each other, to have
Predetermined interval d.Therefore, the mean refractive index on the top surface of light guide plate 10 is forming the region of grating pattern 12 and no shape
Into difference between the region of grating pattern 12.
Fig. 4 is the displaing micro picture for being shown specifically the grating pattern 12 being formed on light guide plate 10 shown in Fig. 3.
With reference to figure 4, on the surface of light guide plate 10, can have to form the region of grating pattern 12 and there is no grating patterns
12 region M.Since the surface of light guide plate 10 is filled completely by the material of light guide plate 10, there is no the region M of grating pattern 12
There can be mean refractive index more higher than the region of formation grating pattern 12.
As described above, formed grating pattern 12 region mean refractive index can the duty cycle based on grating pattern 12 and
Variation.Reduced with the duty cycle of grating pattern 12, the material of light guide plate 10 compared with the region for forming grating pattern 12 ratio
Rate reduces so that forming the mean refractive index in the region of grating pattern 12 can further reduce.Since there is no grating pattern
The mean refractive index of 12 region M and there are the difference between the mean refractive index in the region of grating pattern 12, similar to incidence
The phenomenon that scattering of light on to non-uniform surface, can be happened on the exit surface of light guide plate 10.Light is there are raster patterns
Partly emitted in the region of case 12, and light is totally reflected in the region M there is no grating pattern 12 in light guide plate, is made
The width for obtaining the region M if there is no grating pattern 12 is less than the wavelength of light or with the number identical with the wavelength of light
(digit), then total reflection light can with the diffraction similar mode for the light propagated by slit spread.
Due to this diffusion of light, the cross-sectional area of light can increase.When the interval d between grating pattern 12 is approximately equal to
During several micron (μm), this smooth diffusion phenomena can significantly occur.
Fig. 5 is the concept map for the diffusion for showing the light emitted from grating pattern 12 shown in Fig. 3.
With reference to figure 5, incided into from the light of the transmitting of grating pattern 12 after being propagated by multiple interlayers 32,34 and 36 aobvious
Show the colour filter CF of panel.Multiple interlayers 32,34 and 36 can include the various layers of display panel, for example, glass, optics
Film, etc..From grating pattern 12 emit light incide into colour filter CF colour filter CF1, CF2 and CF3 in any one.It is multiple
At least two in colour filter CF1, CF2 and CF3 can promote the light of different wave length to pass through its propagation.
The direct of travel of each change light in multiple grating patterns 12, so that light incides into multiple colour filters
Any one in CF1, CF2 and CF3.The cross-sectional area of the light emitted from the grating pattern 12 of light guide plate 10 can be due to the expansion of light
It dissipates and increases.Increase with the cross-sectional area of the light emitted from grating pattern 12, the light emitted from grating pattern 12 incides into separately
One colour filter and the colour filter corresponding to grating pattern 12, so as to add crosstalk.Crosstalk can reduce display panel
The reason for picture quality.
Fig. 6 is the concept map for showing the generation of crosstalk caused by the diffusion of light.
In figure 6, CF1a, CF1b and CF1c are the colour filters that feux rouges is promoted to be propagated by it, and CF2a, CF2b and CF2c are
The colour filter that green light is promoted to be propagated by it, CF3a, CF3b and CF3c are the colour filters that blue light is promoted to be propagated by it.By more
The light of each in a colour filter can incide into any one pixel of the display panel of image display.
The each grating pattern being arranged on the surface of light guide plate 10 is to the colour filter transmitting pair being arranged in specific position
Answer the light of wavelength.For example, the first grating pattern 12-1 can emit green light to colour filter CF2a, the second grating pattern 12-2 can be with
Emit green light to colour filter CF2b, and the 3rd grating pattern 12-3 can emit green light to colour filter CF2c.
The key light L11 emitted from the first grating pattern 12-1 advances to colour filter CF2a.However, due to the diffusion of light, from
The part L12 of the light of first grating pattern 12-1 transmittings can advance to colour filter CF2b.Similarly, from the 3rd grating pattern
The key light L31 of 12-3 transmittings advances to colour filter CF2c, but advances from the part L32 of the 3rd grating pattern 12-3 light emitted
To colour filter CF2b.In this respect, not only from the light L21 of the second grating pattern 12-2 transmittings corresponding to colour filter CF2b, and
And colour filter CF2b can be incided into from other grating patterns 12-1 and 12-3 light L12 and L32 emitted respectively.Never correspond to
The light action of the filter is incided into as noise in the grating pattern of filter, so as to cause crosstalk.With due to image display
The high-resolution of equipment and the interval between pixel is caused to reduce, crosstalk can deteriorate.
In directional backlight unit BLU1 accoding to exemplary embodiment, grating pattern GP is configured to reduce by grating pattern
The diffusion of light caused by GP, and minimize the crosstalk as caused by the diffusion of light.
Although light source LS is shown as emitting light into the side of the light guide plate LGP in Fig. 1, exemplary embodiment is unlimited
In this.
Fig. 7 is the plan view for the structure for showing directional backlight unit BLU1 ' according to another exemplary embodiment.
Directional backlight unit shown in FIG. 1 is different from according to the directional backlight unit BLU1 ' of present example embodiment
BLU1。
With reference to figure 7, directional backlight unit BLU1 ' can include the first light source LS1 of the light in transmitting first wave length band, hair
Penetrate the 3rd light source LS3 of the light in the 3rd wavelength band of secondary light source LS2 and transmitting of the light in second wave length band.For example, the
One light source LS1 can emit blue light, and secondary light source LS2 can emit green light, and the 3rd light source LS3 can emit feux rouges.First
Light source LS1 is arranged on the first side direction compared with light guide plate LGP, and secondary light source LS2 is arranged on the second side compared with light guide plate LGP
Direction, and the 3rd light source LS3 compared with light guide plate LGP be arranged on three side to.Light guide plate LGP can be included from the first light
Incident thereon second incident of the light of source LS1 the first incidence surface 11a incident thereon, the light from secondary light source LS2
Surface 11b and light from the 3rd light source LS3 the 3rd incidence surface 11c incident thereon.However, the arrangement of light source is not
It is limited to the view, and light source can be arranged in various ways.For example, first light source LS1, secondary light source LS2 and the 3rd light source LS3
The one side of light guide plate LGP can be alternately arranged in.From every in first light source LS1, secondary light source LS2 and the 3rd light source LS3
The colourama of one transmitting can change compared with the incident direction of light guide plate.
Fig. 8 is according to plan view, is used to be included in the diffraction element D1 of directional backlight unit BLU1 shown in FIG. 1
Grating pattern GP and the grating pattern that is included in the diffraction element D according to the back light unit BLU shown in Fig. 3 of comparative example
12 are compared.
With reference to figure 8, it is arranged between the grating pattern 12 in the diffraction element D according to the back light unit BLU of comparative example
Interval can be similar to grating pattern 12 length and width.Particularly, the interval between grating pattern 12 can be equal to big
About several microns (μm).In this case, formed the region of grating pattern 12 and do not form the region M of grating pattern 12 can
With with different mean refractive indexs.The region M for not forming grating pattern 12 act as slit, so as to cause from grating pattern
The diffusion of the light of 12 transmittings increases.
In contrast, the grating being arranged in the diffraction element D1 of directional backlight unit BLU1 accoding to exemplary embodiment
Pattern GP is arranged as adjacent to each other so that the length of length and width of the interval less than gate pattern GP between grating pattern GP arrives
Negligible degree.The area of grating pattern GP is not formed caused by with reducing due to the interval between grating pattern GP
Domain almost disappears, it is possible to reduce the diffusion of the light from grating pattern GP.
When grating pattern GP is arranged to adjacent to each other, due to mistake, the pitch interval of grating pattern GP in processing
Deng interval between them can be not equal to zero.For example, the interval between grating pattern GP can be less than what is emitted by light source LS
The 1/10 of the wavelength of light.If 1/10 of interval less than the wavelength of light between grating pattern GP, by between grating pattern GP
Space in the amount of light of divergence loss of light can significantly decrease.In addition, the amount of the light with the divergence loss by light
It reduces, crosstalk can also be reduced.
In order to ensure the interval between grating pattern GP is less than the 1/10 of the wavelength of light, it is arranged on accoding to exemplary embodiment
Directional backlight unit BLU1 diffraction element D1 in each grating pattern GP area can be more than according to comparative example
The area of grating pattern 12.
Alternatively, in improved example, than the grating pattern 12 that is arranged in the diffraction element D according to comparative example more
The grating pattern GP of multi-quantity can be formed in the diffraction element D1 of directional backlight unit BLU1 accoding to exemplary embodiment.
However, increasing if placed at the quantity in diffraction element D1, then use is likely difficult to when generating image from light
All light of gate pattern GP transmittings.This is because since the interval between grating pattern GP is subject to the quantity of grating pattern GP
Increased limitation, grating pattern GP may become more to be difficult to design.In this respect, the scope of above-mentioned spaced apart condition is being met
In, it can suitably set the quantity of grating pattern GP or the area of each grating pattern GP.
Hereinafter, by description according to the structure of the directional backlight unit of various exemplary embodiments.
Fig. 9 is plan view, is used to be included within the diffraction member according to the directional backlight unit of another exemplary embodiment
Grating pattern in part D2 is compared with the grating pattern being included in the diffraction element D according to the back light unit of comparative example
Compared with.
According to the diffraction element D2 of present example embodiment can include multiple grating pattern GP1, GP2, GP3 ..., with
And Fictitious data base pattern DP.When compared with diffraction element D, Fictitious data base pattern DP can be located at grating pattern 12 it
Between, i other words, in the region M for not forming grating pattern 12 in the region on the exit surface of light guide plate.
When directional backlight unit is applied to image display, passed by multiple grating pattern GP1, GP2, GP3 ...
The light broadcast be used to generate image, and the light from Fictitious data base pattern DP can be not used in generation image.This will below into
One step describes.In this sense, compared with Fictitious data base pattern DP, multiple grating pattern GP1, GP2, GP3 ... are properly termed as
Grating pattern GP1, GP2, GP3 ... of panel orientation.
Fictitious data base pattern DP can have such shape：So that the mean refractive index of diffraction element D2 is in light guide plate
It is almost uniform on exit surface.
Figure 10 is the cross-sectional view from the diffraction element D2 of the line B-B ' viewings of Fig. 9.
With reference to figure 10, since Fictitious data base pattern DP and the grating pattern GP2 and GP3 that panel is orientated have different shine
Characteristic, the structure of grating pattern GP2 and GP3 that structure and the panel of Fictitious data base pattern DP are orientated can be different from each other.For example,
At least one in the pitch of the grating of Fictitious data base pattern DP, width and direction can be different from and Fictitious data base pattern DP
The corresponding parameter of the grating pattern GP2 and GP3 of adjacent panel orientation.
On the contrary, the mean refractive index of Fictitious data base pattern DP can be no better than the face adjacent with Fictitious data base pattern DP
The mean refractive index of the grating pattern GP2 and GP3 of plate orientation.For example, the pattern form of Fictitious data base pattern DP can cause void
The mean refractive index for intending grating pattern DP is no better than or is taken similar to the panel adjacent with Fictitious data base pattern DP is arranged as
To grating pattern GP2 and GP3 mean refractive index.For example, the mean refractive index of Fictitious data base pattern DP can be equal to and this
At least mean refractive index of any one in the grating pattern GP2 and GP3 of panel orientation adjacent Fictitious data base pattern DP.With this
Kind of mode, grating pattern GP1, GP2, GP3 ... the mean refractive index of DP is almost uniform so that the surface of light guide plate LGP can
To have almost uniform refractive index.Therefore, the diffusion of the light as caused by inhomogeneities and the crosstalk as caused by the diffusion of light can
To reduce as described above.
Therefore, in diffraction element D2, Fictitious data base pattern DP is arranged to the exit surface ES of reduction light guide plate LGP not
Uniformity, and therefore must be designed to minimize the influence of the light from Fictitious data base pattern DP when 3D is imaged.
Figure 11 is shown, when the directional backlight unit BLU2 including diffraction element D2 shown in Fig. 9 is applied to image display
During equipment, the direct of travel of the light of each transmitting in the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 being orientated from multiple panels and from more
The direct of travel of the light of each transmitting in a Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2 and DP3.
With reference to figure 11, grating pattern GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, GP5, GP6, GP7, GP8 and GP9 of multiple panel orientations can
To be configured so as to advance to be arranged on from the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 of the multiple panels orientation light Lp emitted respectively to lead
Display panel DSP on the exit surface of tabula rasa LGP.At least two in the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 of multiple panel orientations match somebody with somebody
It is set to the light for emitting different wavelength bands towards display panel DSP.Particularly, the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 of multiple panel orientations
In at least two can have compared with different wavelength selectivity.The grating pattern GP1 of multiple panel orientations is into GP9
At least two can also be configured to emit light in a different direction.For example, according to the pitch of grating, direction, refractive index and
Relative angle between duty cycle and the direct of travel and grating of light, the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 of multiple panel orientations can
To emit light in a particular direction.
In order to emit light, Duo Gexu on the direction in the direction for the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 being orientated different from multiple panels
Intend the relative angle between the direct of travel and grating of the raster pitch of grating pattern DP1, DP2 and DP3, grating orientation and light
The corresponding parameter of at least one grating pattern GP1 to GP9 that can be different from multiple panel orientations in degree.
Multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2 and DP3 be configurable to prevent from multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2 and
The viewing areas VR of the light Ld of each transmitting in DP3 towards display panel DSP advance.
Herein, viewing areas VR refers to such region, in the region, incides into the light of display panel DSP
It is used for the image that generation is watched by beholder.In this respect, the light Ld being directed toward outside the viewing areas VR on display panel DSP
Can be not used in generation image or can be used for generate beholder visual angle outside image.
By this method, can be not used in from the light of each transmitting in multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2 and DP3
Image is generated on display panel DSP.Multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2 and DP3 can cause light the visual angle of 3D rendering it
Outer traveling will not be travelled upwardly in light by the side of display panel DSP.
Although it will be illustrated as in fig. 11 from the light of each transmitting in multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2 and DP3
It is directed toward outside visual angle, but the present disclosure is not limited to the diagrams.For example, the orientation of light can be set as towards including in display panel
The black matrix of color-filter layer in DSP.
Figure 12 is the cross-sectional view for the structure for showing directional backlight unit BLU3 according to another exemplary embodiment.
Directional backlight unit BLU2's according to the directional backlight unit BLU3 of present example embodiment and shown in Figure 11
The difference is that directional backlight unit BLU3 further includes virtual photoresist layer ML.
Diffraction element D3 included in directional backlight unit BLU3 can include the grating pattern of multiple panels orientation
GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, GP5, GP6, GP7, GP8 and GP9 and multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and DP3 '.It is multiple
The mean refractive index that Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and DP3 ' have be similar to the plurality of Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ',
At least mean refractive index of any one in the grating pattern of each adjacent panel orientation in DP2 ' and DP3 ', this
In meaning, multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and DP3 ' be substantially similar to multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2 and
DP3。
In the directional backlight unit BLU3 according to present example embodiment, multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ', DP2 '
And DP3 ' is needed not point to outside visual angle, this is different from multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2 and DP3 in Figure 11.It is but fixed
It can also include virtual photoresist layer ML to back light unit BLU3, the virtual photoresist layer ML is compared with directional backlight unit
BLU3 directly stops the light from multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and DP3 '.
Virtual photoresist layer ML is located on diffraction element D3, and can also include multiple light blocking regions MLa.In virtual optical
On the ML of barrier layer, other regions in addition to multiple light blocking regions MLa can allow light through open area therein
MLb.Light blocking regions MLa is configurable to not make each in multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and DP3 '
Light pass through.Particularly, the light of each transmitting in the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 being orientated from multiple panels passes through virtual optical
The open area of barrier layer ML is launched, and the light of each in multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and DP3 '
Stopped by light shaded areas MLa.Using the structure, when directional backlight unit BLU3 is applied to image display, from void
The pixel region of display panel can not be reached by intending the light of each transmitting in grating pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and DP3 '.
Figure 13 is the cross-sectional view for the structure for showing directional backlight unit BLU4 according to another exemplary embodiment.
In terms of the pattern form of the Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 " and the DP3 " that are included in diffraction element D4, according to
The difference of the directional backlight unit BLU2 of the directional backlight unit BLU4 and Figure 11 of present example embodiment.
Diffraction element D4 can include multiple panels orientation grating pattern GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, GP5, GP6, GP7,
GP8 and GP9 and multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 " and DP3 ".Multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 " and DP3 " tools
Some mean refractive indexs are similar to and are taken with each adjacent panel in the plurality of Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 " and DP3 "
To grating pattern in at least mean refractive index of any one, and in the sense that, multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ",
DP2 " and DP3 " is substantially similar to multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2 and DP3.
In the directional backlight unit BLU4 according to present example embodiment, multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 "
And each in DP3 " is with pattern form so that the pixel color and wavelength selectivity being oriented are different from each other.
In fig. 13 it is shown that when directional backlight unit BLU4 is applied to image display, taken from multiple panels
To grating pattern GP1 to GP9 in each transmitting light direct of travel and from multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 "
And the color-filter layer CF of the direct of travel and setting of the light of each transmitting in DP3 " on a display panel.
With reference to figure 13, color-filter layer CF of the light from directional backlight unit BLU4 towards setting on a display panel refers to
To.Color-filter layer CF can include multiple colour filter CF1, CF2 and CF3.Color-filter layer CF can be included through first wave length band
In light the first colour filter CF1, by the second colour filter CF2 of the light in second wave length band and pass through the 3rd wavelength band
In light the 3rd colour filter CF3.Black matrix CFB can be arranged on the first colour filter CF1, the second colour filter CF2 and the 3rd filter
In color device CF3.
The grating pattern GP1 to GP9 of multiple panel orientations may be configured such that the grating pattern being orientated from multiple panels
The light Lp of each transmitting in GP1 to GP9 passes through any one in multiple colour filter CF1, CF2 and CF3.Multiple panel orientations
Grating pattern GP1 to GP9 in each can selectively emit in first wave length band, second wave length band and the 3rd wavelength band
In any one in light.The wavelength selectivity of each in the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 of multiple panel orientations can match
Each desired pixel color in the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 of multiple panel orientations.
On the contrary, multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 " and DP3 " are configurable to prevent from multiple Fictitious data base patterns
Colour filter CF1, CF2 and CF3 that the light Ld of each transmitting in DP1 ", DP2 " and DP3 " passes through color-filter layer CF.Particularly,
For the wavelength selectivity of each in multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 " and DP3 ", pattern form can be set
To be different with the pixel color by each orientation in multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 " and DP3 ".
The wavelength selectivity of Fictitious data base pattern DP2 " can not be with the colour filter CF1 that is orientated by Fictitious data base pattern DP2 "
Wavelength band overlapping.For example, if the wavelength selectivity of Fictitious data base pattern DP2 " can be second wave length band or the 3rd wavelength
Band, and Fictitious data base pattern DP2 " is orientated directed through the colour filter CF1 of first wave length band, then from Fictitious data base pattern
The light of DP2 " is stopped by colour filter CF2, so as to be unfavorable for generating image.
With reference to as described in figure 11,12 and 13, due to the multiple Fictitious data base patterns being arranged in directional backlight unit BLU2
DP1, DP2 and DP3, multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and DP3 ', the Yi Jishe being arranged in directional backlight unit BLU3
Put the exit surface ES of multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", the DP2 " and DP3 ", light guide plate LGP in directional backlight unit BLU4
On mean refractive index be it is almost uniform, it is each in the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 being orientated from multiple panels so as to reduce
The diffusion of the light Lp of a transmitting.With the reduction of the diffusion of light, crosstalk can also be reduced.
In addition, with reference to as described in figure 11,12 and 13, pattern form is formed with will be from multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2
Be directed to the light Ld of each transmitting in DP3 outside visual angle or from multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and
The light of each in DP3 ' be blocked or multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 " and DP3 " in the wavelength of each
Selectivity is different from the colour filter that is oriented, so as to by color-filter layer CF stop from multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ",
The light of each in DP2 " and DP3 ".Therefore, when generating 3D rendering, the influence of Fictitious data base pattern can be relatively small.
Additionally or alternatively, multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1, DP2 and DP3, the Duo Gexu shown in Figure 11,12 and 13
Intending grating pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and DP3 ' and multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ", DP2 " and DP3 " can take with ratio panels
To grating pattern GP1 to GP9 the lower light emitted outside light guide plate LGP of ratio ratio.Particularly, it is multiple virtual
Grating pattern DP1, DP2 and DP3, multiple Fictitious data base pattern DP1 ', DP2 ' and DP3 ' and multiple Fictitious data base patterns
The luminous efficiency of DP1 ", DP2 " and DP3 " can be less than the corresponding luminous effect of the grating pattern GP1 to GP9 of multiple panels orientation
Rate.
Figure 14 is the knot for showing the diffraction element D5 being included in directional backlight unit according to another exemplary embodiment
The plan view of structure.
With reference to figure 14, the interval being arranged between multiple grating pattern GP in diffraction element D5 can meet the following conditions
In it is at least one：Less than about 1/10 the first scope of the wavelength of the light emitted from light source LS and the wavelength more than light
About 180/ π times of the second scope.
For example, grating pattern group GPG is formed by multiple grating pattern GP so that the light being included in grating pattern group GPG
Interval between gate pattern GP can meet the item of about 1/10 the first scope of the wavelength less than the light emitted from light source LS
Part.
Interval d between grating pattern group GPG can meet about 180/ π more than the wavelength by the light source LS light emitted
The condition of the second scope again.Inversely change compared with the width of slit in general, light passes through the angle spread during slit.Cause
This, as the interval d between grating pattern group GPG increases, light can be reduced by the angle spread during grating pattern GP.Example
Such as, as described above, if between grating pattern group GPG interval d be more than from light source LS emit light wavelength about
180/ π times, then since the angle further spread by the light of grating pattern GP of the refraction of light is reduced to about 1 degree or more
It is small so that the crosstalk of the 3D rendering formed by the light of grating transmitting can be reduced.
For example, when light source LS emits the light in multiple wavelength bands, the second scope can be more than to emit from light source LS
About 180/ π times of minimum wavelength in the wavelength of light.In another example, when light source LS emits the light in multiple wavelength bands
When, the second scope can be more than from 180/ π times of the intermediate wavelength in the wavelength of the light source LS light emitted.
If light source LS transmittings are with the visible ray for falling into the wavelength between 380nm and 780nm, it is seen that light
The intermediate wavelength of about 550nm can be set as representing wavelength so that the second scope can be more than about 180/ π times of 550nm.
For example, the first scope is considered the wavelength of visible ray, and can be set as being less than 50nm.Second scope can be set
To be more than 30 μm.In this respect, the interval between grating pattern GP can meet at least one in the following conditions：Less than 50nm
The 3rd scope and the 4th scope more than 30 μm.
Hereinafter, the image display for including directional backlight unit will be described.
Figure 15 is the perspective view of image display 1000 accoding to exemplary embodiment.
With reference to figure 15, image display 1000 can include directional backlight unit (or directional backlight device) 1100 and show
Show panel 1300.
Display panel 1300 modulates the light emitted by directional backlight unit 1100 based on 3D rendering information, and shows that 3D schemes
Picture.Display panel 1300 can include color-filter layer CF and optical modulation layer LM.
Color-filter layer CF can include the multiple colour filters two-dimensionally arranged, wherein being configured to make the light in different wave length band
It can be repeatedly alternately arranged by the colour filter of its propagation (that is, with the pattern of repetition).
Optical modulation layer LM can include the multiple colour filters being arranged in color-filter layer CF and correspond respectively to multiple filters
Multiple light modulating areas of color device.Multiple light modulating areas can be separately controlled based on image information.
The shown position arranged of optical modulation layer LM and color-filter layer CF is not limited to illustrate, and it is suitable to exchange arrangement
Sequence.
In fig.15, for display panel 1300, critical piece, i.e. colour filter CF and optical modulation layer LM are illustrated only, and
And pixel electrode, public electrode, thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) array layer etc. can also be included, as driving each light modulation
The component in region, and the optical film such as polarization plates can also be included.
Directional backlight unit 1100 can be according in the above-mentioned directional backlight unit of various exemplary embodiments any
It is a, and can include various diffraction element D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 at least any one.From the light being arranged in diffraction element
The light each emitted in gate pattern incides into the corresponding pixel of display panel 1300.In the optical modulation layer of display panel 1300
In each light modulating area of LM, it is modulated appropriately according to orientation and color from the incident light of directional backlight unit 1100, from
And show 3D rendering.
Image display 1000 accoding to exemplary embodiment can be based on being arranged in directional backlight unit 1100
Grating pattern shows multiple views.Herein, view can refer to the image shown to the one eye eyeball of beholder.So
And the present disclosure is not limited to the example, and can also show to two or more views shown in the one eye eyeball of beholder
Image.
The directional backlight unit 1100 being arranged in image display 1000 has arrangement shape, and the arrangement shape is matched somebody with somebody
It is set to so that the diffusion of the light caused by the grating pattern of orientation is provided towards multiple viewing areas minimizes.Therefore, image
Display device 1000 can show the good 3D rendering for reducing crosstalk.
Figure 16 A, 16B and 17 are to show Computer simulation results of the exemplary embodiment together with the effect of comparative example.
Figure 16 A and 16B are shown to be caused by the diffraction element D in the back light unit BLU according to comparative example shown in Fig. 3
Light diffusion and Figure 14 shown in directional backlight unit in light diffusion.
Figure 16 A show the variation of the cross-sectional shape of the light from the back light unit BLU transmittings of Fig. 3, and Figure 16 B are shown
The variation of the cross-sectional shape of the light emitted from the back light unit of diffraction element D5 including Figure 14.
In Figure 16 A, P1 instructions reflect light once, as shown on exit surface, cross section from light guide plate 10
Shape, P2 instructions reflect light twice from light guide plate 10, as shown on exit surface, cross-sectional shape, P3 indicate from
Light guide plate 10 reflects light three times, and as shown on exit surface, cross-sectional shape, P4 instructions reflect four from light guide plate 10
Secondary light, as shown on exit surface, the light of five times is reflected in cross-sectional shape, P5 instructions from light guide plate 10, such as exists
It is shown on exit surface, cross-sectional shape, and the light of six times is reflected in P6 instructions from light guide plate 10, such as on exit surface
Display, cross-sectional shape.
In fig. 16b, X1 is indicated from the light of light guide plate LGP reflections once including the diffraction element D5 shown in Figure 14,
As shown on exit surface, cross-sectional shape, X2 indicates anti-from the light guide plate LGP including the diffraction element D5 shown in Figure 14
Light twice is penetrated, as shown on exit surface, cross-sectional shape, X3 is indicated from including the diffraction element D5 shown in Figure 14
Light guide plate LGP reflections light three times, as shown on exit surface, cross-sectional shape, X4 instructions are from including Figure 14 institutes
The light guide plate LGP of the diffraction element D5 shown reflects the light of four times, and as shown on exit surface, cross-sectional shape, X5 refers to
Show the display for the light that five times are reflected from the light guide plate LGP including the diffraction element D5 shown in Figure 14, it is horizontal on exit surface
Cross sectional shape, and the display of the light of six times is reflected in X6 instructions from the light guide plate LGP including the diffraction element D5 shown in Figure 14,
On exit surface, cross-sectional shape.
With reference to figure 16A, as light is advanced in the inside of light guide plate 10, light is on the exit surface of light guide plate 10 is arranged on
It is reflected in grating pattern 12 so that the cross section of light can increase.In this respect, due to the diffusion of light, the cross section of light can be with
Increase.
On the contrary, with reference to figure 16B, as light is advanced in the inside of light guide plate LGP, even if light is being arranged on including shown in Figure 14
Diffraction element D5 light guide plate LGP exit surface on grating pattern GP in reflect, the increased degree in cross section of light can
To be less than the degree of comparative example.Particularly, when compared with Figure 16 A, it is possible to reduce the diffusion of light.
Figure 17 is shown with curve, as obtained via computer simulation, calculate light cross section radius compared with
Light goes out firing table from each in the light guide plate 10 and LGP according to comparative example and the directional backlight unit of exemplary embodiment
The result of the variation of the number of face reflection.
In fig. 17, curve Gr1 corresponds to when using the directional backlight unit BLU according to comparative example shown in Fig. 3
Situation, curve Gr2 corresponds to the feelings when using the directional backlight unit BLU1 of exemplary embodiment according to figure 1
Condition, curve Gr3 correspond to the situation when using the directional backlight unit including the diffraction element D5 shown in Figure 14, and curve
Gr4 correspond to when use on light guide plate do not have grating pattern back light unit when situation.
With reference to figure 17, as indicated by curve Gr1, for the back light unit according to comparative example, as light is from light guide plate
The number of 10 reflections increases, and the diameter of the cross section of light can sharply increase.On the contrary, as curve Gr2 and Gr3 are indicated, for
According to the directional backlight unit of one or more exemplary embodiments, even if light increases from the light guide plate LGP numbers reflected, light
The variation of the diameter of cross section is less than in comparative example.Particularly, curve Gr3 is almost matched with curve Gr4.Particularly, for
Include the directional backlight unit of the diffraction element D5 shown in Figure 14, the diffusion of the light in grating pattern GP does not occur.
Above-mentioned directional backlight unit can reduce the diffusion of the light occurred when grating pattern of the light by light guide plate.
Therefore, realizing the image display of directional backlight unit reduces the crosstalk as caused by the diffusion of light.
Although exemplary embodiment is had been combined directional backlight unit has shown and described and including the directional backlight list
The image display of member, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that do not departing from by appended power
In the case of the theory and scope of the exemplary embodiment that profit requirement limits, it can modify and modification.Therefore, it is disclosed
Exemplary embodiment should be considered with illustrative sense rather than restricted meaning.The scope of exemplary embodiment will be
In appended claims, and all differences in its equivalency range should be read to include in the exemplary embodiment.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of directional backlight unit, including：
At least one light source is configured to transmitting light；And
Light guide plate is configured to light of the guiding by least one light source transmitting,
Wherein, multiple grating patterns are arranged on the exit surface of the light guide plate, each light in the multiple grating pattern
Gate pattern is configured so that light is travelled upwardly in corresponding predetermined party, and
Wherein, the interval between the adjacent grating pattern in the multiple grating pattern meets at least one in the following conditions
It is a：Less than 1/10 the first scope of the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source and more than the light emitted by the light source
180/ π times of the second scope of wavelength.
2. directional backlight unit as described in claim 1, wherein, the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source in 380nm and
Between 780nm.
3. directional backlight unit as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the interval between the adjacent grating pattern meets following
It is at least one in condition：The 3rd scope less than 50nm and the 4th scope more than 30 μm.
4. directional backlight unit as described in claim 1, wherein, the multiple grating pattern includes the light of multiple panels orientation
Gate pattern and multiple Fictitious data base patterns, the grating pattern of the multiple panel orientation is formed towards multiple viewing areas to be directed toward
Property, the multiple Fictitious data base pattern is separately positioned on the adjacent panel orientation in the grating pattern of the multiple panel orientation
Grating pattern between.
5. directional backlight unit as claimed in claim 4, further includes virtual photoresist layer, the virtual photoresist layer includes more
A light blocking regions, the multiple light blocking regions are configured to stop each propagation from the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
Light.
6. directional backlight unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein, each Fictitious data base in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The mean refractive index of pattern be substantially equal to it is adjacent with each Fictitious data base figure in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern described in
The mean refractive index of the grating pattern of at least one panel orientation in the grating pattern of multiple panel orientations.
7. directional backlight unit as claimed in claim 6, wherein, each Fictitious data base in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
In the pitch of the grating of pattern and the direction of grating it is at least one be different from it is each in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The grating pattern of at least one panel orientation in the grating pattern of the adjacent the multiple panel orientation of Fictitious data base pattern
It is at least one in the pitch of grating and the direction of grating.
8. directional backlight unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein, each Fictitious data base in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The luminous efficiency of pattern shines less than the grating pattern of each panel orientation in the grating pattern of the multiple panel orientation
Efficiency.
9. directional backlight unit as described in claim 1, wherein, at least one light source includes being configured to emit different ripples
The multiple light sources of long light, wherein, at least two grating patterns in the multiple grating pattern selectively reflect it is described not
The light of co-wavelength.
10. a kind of image display, including：
At least one light source is configured to transmitting light；
Light guide plate is configured to light of the guiding by least one light source transmitting；And
Display panel is configured to form image by using the light by the light-guide plate guides,
Wherein, multiple grating patterns are formed on the exit surface of the light guide plate, each light in the multiple grating pattern
Gate pattern is configured so that light is travelled upwardly in corresponding predetermined party, and
Wherein, the interval between the adjacent grating pattern in the multiple grating pattern meets at least one in the following conditions
It is a：Less than 1/10 the first scope of the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source and more than the light emitted by the light source
180/ π times of the second scope of wavelength.
11. image display as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source in 380nm and
Between 780nm.
12. image display as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the interval between the adjacent grating pattern meet with
It is at least one in lower condition：First scope and the 3rd scope more than 30 μm.
13. image display as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the multiple grating pattern includes multiple panels orientation
Grating pattern and multiple Fictitious data base patterns, the grating pattern of the multiple panel orientation take towards the formation of multiple viewing areas
To the multiple Fictitious data base pattern is separately positioned on the adjacent panel orientation in the grating pattern of the multiple panel orientation
Grating pattern between.
14. image display as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the multiple Fictitious data base pattern is configured to prevent from institute
The light that each Fictitious data base pattern in multiple Fictitious data base patterns is propagated is stated to be used to form described image.
15. image display as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the multiple Fictitious data base pattern is configured to will be from described
The light that each Fictitious data base pattern in multiple Fictitious data base patterns is propagated is directed to outside the visual angle of the display panel.
16. image display as claimed in claim 13, further includes virtual photoresist layer, the virtual photoresist layer includes
Multiple light blocking regions, the multiple light blocking regions are configured to prevent from each virtual in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The light that grating pattern is propagated is incided on the display panel.
17. image display as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the multiple Fictitious data base pattern is configured so that in institute
The corresponding wavelength band selected in each Fictitious data base pattern in multiple Fictitious data base patterns is stated to be different from by the multiple void
Intend the corresponding wavelength band of the pixel of each Fictitious data base pattern orientation in grating pattern.
18. image display as claimed in claim 13, wherein, each virtual optical in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The corresponding mean refractive index of gate pattern is substantially equal to and each Fictitious data base figure phase in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The mean refractive index of the grating pattern of at least one panel orientation in the grating pattern of adjacent the multiple panel orientation.
19. image display as claimed in claim 18, wherein, each virtual optical in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
In the pitch of the grating of gate pattern and the direction of grating it is at least one be different from it is every in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The grating pattern of at least one panel orientation in the grating pattern of the adjacent the multiple panel orientation of a Fictitious data base pattern
The pitch of grating and the direction of grating in it is at least one.
20. image display as claimed in claim 13, wherein, each virtual optical in the multiple Fictitious data base pattern
The luminous efficiency of gate pattern is less than the hair of the grating pattern of each panel orientation in the grating pattern of the multiple panel orientation
Light efficiency.
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| KR10-2016-0148181 | 2016-11-08 | ||
| KR1020160148181A KR102654863B1 (en) | 2016-11-08 | Directional backlight unit, image display apparatus having the same |
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| CN108061973B CN108061973B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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| US (1) | US10585231B2 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN108061973B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
| KR20180051184A (en) | 2018-05-16 |
| US10585231B2 (en) | 2020-03-10 |
| EP3318796B1 (en) | 2023-04-12 |
| US20180128962A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
| EP3318796A1 (en) | 2018-05-09 |
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