CN108061645A - For detecting the method and apparatus of fastener connection reliability - Google Patents
For detecting the method and apparatus of fastener connection reliability Download PDFInfo
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- CN108061645A CN108061645A CN201711066588.0A CN201711066588A CN108061645A CN 108061645 A CN108061645 A CN 108061645A CN 201711066588 A CN201711066588 A CN 201711066588A CN 108061645 A CN108061645 A CN 108061645A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
This disclosure relates to a kind of method and apparatus for detecting fastener connection reliability.The fastener is used to clamp the connecting component in the sleeve by closing sleeve, and the connecting component is subject to the pressure of the load along sleeve axial direction at work.The described method includes；When the connecting component is subject to the pressure of external load, judge whether slid between the connecting component and the sleeve；When judging to slide, the pressure of the external load is gathered；The reliability of the fastener connection is determined according to the pressure of the external load gathered.In such manner, it is possible to directly and accurately judge whether the connection of fastener meets working condition requirement, method is simple, and test period is short, the whole detection cycle of equipment where shortening fastener.
Description
Technical field
A kind of this disclosure relates to mechanical fasteners field, and in particular, to method for detecting fastener connection reliability
And device.
Background technology
Fastener is that two or more parts (or component) are fastenedly connected as during an entirety used one
The general name of class machine components.In various machineries, equipment, vehicle, ship, railway, bridge, building, structure, instrument, instrument, instrument
Deng above, it can be seen that miscellaneous fastener.Its feature is that description is various, and performance purposes is different, Er Qiebiao
Standardization, seriation, unitized degree are also high.The reliability of fastening structure is occupied extremely in mechanical structure global reliability
Consequence.
Tightening technique substantially to marking or continuing to use, is then examined in conjunction with more wheel durable tests in some industries at present
Whether the screw-down torque of fastener meets working condition requirement.Durable test process can be influenced be subject to uncertain factor, to the standard of verification
True property has an impact.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the disclosure is to provide a kind of simply and effectively method and apparatus for detecting fastener connection reliability.
To achieve these goals, the disclosure provides a kind of method for detecting fastener connection reliability.It is described tight
Firmware is used to clamp the connecting component in the sleeve by closing sleeve, and the connecting component is subject at work along described
The pressure of the load of sleeve axial direction.The described method includes；When the connecting component is subject to the pressure of external load, described in judgement
Whether slid between connecting component and the sleeve；When judging to slide, the pressure of the external load is gathered；Root
The reliability of the fastener connection is determined according to the pressure of the external load gathered.
Optionally, it is described be subject to external load when the connecting component pressure when, judge the connecting component and described
The step of whether being slid between sleeve includes：When the connecting component is subject to the pressure of external load, the company is gathered
Relative displacement between relay part and the sleeve；When the relative displacement is more than predetermined displacement threshold value, alternatively, described opposite
When the change rate of displacement is more than predetermined change rate threshold value, judge to slide between the connecting component and the sleeve.
Optionally, the pressure according to the external load gathered determines the step of reliability of the fastener connection
Including：Determine that the fastener is applied to the simulated clamp force of the sleeve according to road modal data or computer simulation；According to institute
State the pressure that simulated clamp force determines the simulation load that the connecting component is subject to；When the pressure of the simulation load is less than or waits
When the pressure of the external load gathered, judge that the current clamping force of the fastener is reliable.
Optionally, the pressure that simulation load that the connecting component is subject to is determined according to the simulated clamp force walks
Suddenly include：The pressure for the simulation load that the connecting component is subject to is calculated according to the following formula：
Wherein, FKQ1The simulated clamp force of the sleeve, F are applied to for the fastenerQ1The connecting component is subject to
The pressure of simulation load, μTThe coefficient of friction of faying face between the connecting component and the sleeve, qFFor with the fastening
The quantity of the part sleeve correspondingly.
Optionally, the pressure according to the external load gathered determines the step of reliability of the fastener connection
Including：Determine that the fastener is applied to the current clamping force of the sleeve according to the pressure of the external load gathered；Work as institute
State fastener be applied to the sleeve current clamping force be greater than or equal to predetermined anti-slip coefficient corresponding to clamping force when,
Judge that the current clamping force of the fastener is reliable.
Optionally, the clamping force corresponding to the predetermined anti-slip coefficient is determined according to the following formula：
Wherein, FKQ2It is subject to the pressure of ordinance load to work as connecting component, and in the case of not sliding, the fastener is applied
Add to the minimum grip power of the sleeve, FQ2For the pressure for the ordinance load that the connecting component is subject to, FKR2Make a reservation for resist to be described
The clamping force being somebody's turn to do corresponding to slip coefficient, μTThe coefficient of friction of faying face between the connecting component and the sleeve, SGFor
The predetermined anti-slip coefficient, qFFor the quantity with the fastener sleeve correspondingly.
The disclosure also provides a kind of device for being used to detect fastener connection reliability.The fastener is used to pass through clamping
Sleeve clamps the connecting component in the sleeve, and the connecting component is subject at work along the load of sleeve axial direction
Pressure.Described device includes；Judgment module during for being subject to the pressure of external load when the connecting component, judges the company
Whether slid between relay part and the sleeve；Acquisition module is connected with the judgment module, for being slided when judgement
During shifting, the pressure of the external load is gathered；Determining module is connected with the acquisition module, for according to the outside gathered
The pressure of load determines the reliability of the fastener connection.
Through the above technical solutions, for being used for clamping connecting component, connecting component is prevented to generate and clamping force Vertical Square
To sliding fastener for, by generating the pressure of external load gathered during sliding in connecting component, to determine tightly
The reliability of firmware connection.In such manner, it is possible to directly and accurately judge whether the connection of fastener meets working condition requirement, method letter
Single, test period is short, the whole detection cycle of equipment where shortening fastener.
Other feature and advantage of the disclosure will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is for providing further understanding of the disclosure, and a part for constitution instruction, with following tool
Body embodiment is together for explaining the disclosure, but do not form the limitation to the disclosure.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the connection relation of the damper that an exemplary embodiment provides and knuckle；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart for being used to detect the method for fastener connection reliability that an exemplary embodiment provides；
Fig. 3 is the block diagram for being used to detect the device of fastener connection reliability that an exemplary embodiment provides.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.It should be appreciated that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is only used for describing and explaining the disclosure, is not limited to the disclosure.
The scheme that the disclosure provides is suitable for a kind of fastener, which is used for through closing sleeve come in closing sleeve
Connecting component.The connecting component is subject to the pressure of the load along sleeve axial direction at work.It is, this fastener is used
In clamping connecting component, prevent from generating sliding between connecting component and sleeve.With the damper in vehicle and steering in the disclosure
Illustrate exemplified by fastener between section, which can be bolt.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the connection relation of the damper that an exemplary embodiment provides and knuckle.As shown in Figure 1,
Knuckle 2 could be provided as including tube-in-tube structure, be sleeved in damper 1 to connect the cylindrical connection structure of knuckle 2.
Bolt 3 clamps the connection structure of 1 lower part of damper as fastener by closing sleeve.It, can be in vehicle due to the dead weight of vehicle
The pressure for being directed toward ground is generated during traveling, i.e. the power in y directions, the power are just consequently exerted at the load in connection structure in Fig. 1
Lotus.And bolt 3 with perpendicular to the clamping of the power of sleeve axial direction (the x directions in Fig. 1) when, between connection structure and sleeve
Faying face generate stiction, prevent between damper 1 (or connection structure) and knuckle 2 (or sleeve) generate slide.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart for being used to detect the method for fastener connection reliability that an exemplary embodiment provides.Such as Fig. 2
Shown, the method may include following steps.
In step s 11, when connecting component is subject to the pressure of external load, judge between connecting component and sleeve whether
It slides.
In step s 12, when judging to slide, the pressure of external load is gathered.
In step s 13, the reliability of fastener connection is determined according to the pressure of the external load gathered.
It can be provided in the test equipment by damper and knuckle integral installation in dedicated test equipment
Hydraulic mechanism applies the pressure in y directions in Fig. 1 by hydraulic mechanism to damper, which is exactly the pressure of external load.It applies
During plus-pressure, can gradually it apply from small to large according to the size of pressure.Simultaneously record relevant parameter, for example, the time, pressure,
Displacement etc..
It can judge whether slide between connecting component and sleeve according to the parameter of acquisition.For example, above-mentioned steps 11
It can include：When connecting component is subject to the pressure of external load, the relative displacement between connecting component and the sleeve is gathered；
When relative displacement be more than predetermined displacement threshold value, alternatively, the change rate of relative displacement be more than predetermined change rate threshold value when, judge
It is slid between connecting component and sleeve.In the embodiment, judge whether to slide according to displacement measured directly, method is simple
Directly, data processing speed is fast.
The pressure of the external load gathered when judging and slid between connecting component and sleeve indicates fastener
The maximum load that the connection status tightened can carry.And in actual condition, the load of carrying may be small required for fastener
In or more than the maximum load.Therefore, according to the maximum load, detection fastener application can be gone from multiple angles in actual work
The reliability connected during condition.
Through the above technical solutions, for being used for clamping connecting component, connecting component is prevented to generate and clamping force Vertical Square
To sliding fastener for, by generating the pressure of external load gathered during sliding in connecting component, to determine tightly
The reliability of firmware connection.In such manner, it is possible to directly and accurately judge whether the connection of fastener meets working condition requirement, method letter
Single, test period is short, the whole detection cycle of equipment where shortening fastener.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, on the basis of Fig. 2, determine to fasten according to the pressure of the external load gathered
Part connection reliability the step of (step 13) may comprise steps of.
Step 131, determine that fastener is applied to the simulated clamp force of sleeve according to road modal data or computer simulation.Ability
Field technique personnel it is understood that by road compose acquisition or computer simulation method, can simulate actual condition to fastening
The demand of part part clamping force.According to the simulation to actual condition, determine that fastener is applied to the simulated clamp force of sleeve.
Step 132, the pressure of simulation load that connecting component is subject to is determined according to simulated clamp force.Due to clamping force and load
There is certain mechanical relationship between lotus.The mechanical relationship can be utilized to determine the pressure to actual condition simulation load.It is optional
Ground, step S132 can include：The pressure for the simulation load that the connecting component is subject to is calculated according to the following formula：
Wherein, FKQ1The simulated clamp force of sleeve, F are applied to for fastenerQ1The simulation load being subject to for connecting component is pressed
Power, μTThe coefficient of friction of faying face between connecting component and sleeve, qFFor the quantity with the one-to-one sleeve of fastener.
A fastener and a sleeve are shown in Fig. 1, at this time qF=1.In practice, there can also be multiple sleeves,
The situation of one-to-one fastener is provided on each sleeve, can optionally determine qFNumerical value.
Friction coefficient μTIt can be previously known or obtained by the method for experiment.It for example, can be upper
Before stating detection, first bolt is tightened, and passes through the clamping force that ultrasound examination goes out bolt application, then is applied laterally to damper
Load.When sliding, record generates transverse load data during sliding.It is identical with the principle of above-mentioned formula (1), with sliding
When transverse load data divided by the bolt detected clamping force, then divided by sleeve (or bolt) number, it is possible to rubbed
Wipe coefficient μT。
Step 133, when the pressure of simulation load is less than or equal to the pressure of gathered external load, fastener is judged
Current clamping force is reliable.From the above mentioned, the pressure of simulation load embodies the requirement of actual condition, and the external load gathered
The pressure of lotus embodies the maximum load that the current clamping force of fastener can bear.Therefore, when the pressure of simulation load is less than
Or equal to the external load gathered pressure when, it is possible to determine that the current clamping force of fastener is reliable.
In addition, it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that for reliability, design can usually leave certain surplus,
Surplus can for example be weighed with anti-slip coefficient.It is, pressure that can also be only in the external load gathered and simulation
The difference of the pressure of load is more than predetermined threshold, alternatively, the pressure of the external load gathered is the predetermined of the pressure of simulation load
When more than multiple, just judge that the current clamping force of fastener is reliable.
In the embodiment, the reliability of fastener connection is detected from the angle of external load, scheme is simple, operand
Small, data processing speed is fast.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, on the basis of Fig. 2, determined tightly according to the pressure of the external load gathered
Firmware connection reliability the step of (step 13) may comprise steps of.
Step 134, determine that fastener is applied to the current clamping force of sleeve according to the pressure of the external load gathered.By
In the external load gathered pressure and fastener be applied to sleeve current clamping force have mechanics on conversion relation, can
According to the identical principle of formula (1), to converse the current clamping force for being applied to sleeve.
Step 135, when the current clamping force that fastener is applied to sleeve is greater than or equal to corresponding to predetermined anti-slip coefficient
During this clamping force, judge that the current clamping force of fastener is reliable.
In one embodiment, the clamping force corresponding to the predetermined anti-slip coefficient can be determined according to the following formula：
Wherein, FKQ2It is subject to the pressure of ordinance load to work as connecting component, and in the case of not sliding, fastener is applied to
The minimum grip power of sleeve, FQ2For the pressure for the ordinance load that connecting component is subject to, FKR2For corresponding to predetermined anti-slip coefficient
This clamping force, μTThe coefficient of friction of faying face between connecting component and sleeve, SGFor predetermined anti-slip coefficient, qFFor
With the quantity of the one-to-one sleeve of fastener.
Wherein, FKQ2Can be by being subject to the pressure of ordinance load in connecting component, and occur between connecting component and sleeve
It is obtained during sliding by ultrasonic acquisition.
In the embodiment, the reliability of fastener connection is detected from the angle of the clamping force of fastener, scheme is simple, fortune
Calculation amount is small, and data processing speed is fast.
The disclosure also provides a kind of device for being used to detect fastener connection reliability.The fastener is used to pass through clamping
Sleeve carrys out the connecting component in closing sleeve, and connecting component is subject to the pressure of the load along sleeve axial direction at work.Fig. 3 is one
The block diagram for being used to detect the device of fastener connection reliability that exemplary embodiment provides.As shown in figure 3, for detecting fastening
The device 10 of part connection reliability can include judgment module 11, acquisition module 12 and determining module 13.
Judgment module 11 be used for when connecting component is subject to the pressure of external load, judge be between connecting component and sleeve
It is no to slide.
Acquisition module 12 is connected with judgment module 11, for when judging to slide, gathering the pressure of external load.
Determining module 13 is connected with acquisition module 12, for determining that fastener connects according to the pressure of the external load gathered
The reliability connect.
Optionally, the judgment module 11 can include acquisition submodule and the first judging submodule.
It gathers submodule to be used for when connecting component is subject to the pressure of external load, gather between connecting component and sleeve
Relative displacement.
First judging submodule is connected with acquisition submodule, for working as relative displacement more than predetermined displacement threshold value, alternatively,
When the change rate of relative displacement is more than predetermined change rate threshold value, judge to slide between connecting component and sleeve.
Optionally, the determining module 13 can include simulated clamp force determination sub-module, simulation load determination sub-module
And second judgment submodule.
Simulated clamp force determination sub-module is used to determine that fastener is applied to sleeve according to road modal data or computer simulation
Simulated clamp force.
Simulation load determination sub-module is connected with simulated clamp force determination sub-module, for determining to connect according to simulated clamp force
The pressure for the simulation load that relay part is subject to.
Second judgment submodule is connected with simulation load determination sub-module, and the pressure for working as simulation load is less than or equal to
During the pressure of the external load gathered, judge that the current clamping force of fastener is reliable.
Wherein it is possible to the pressure for the simulation load that the connecting component is subject to is calculated according to the following formula：
Wherein, FKQ1The simulated clamp force of sleeve, F are applied to for fastenerQ1The simulation load being subject to for connecting component is pressed
Power, μTThe coefficient of friction of faying face between connecting component and sleeve, qFFor the quantity with the one-to-one sleeve of fastener.
Optionally, the determining module 13 can include current clamping force determination sub-module and the 3rd judging submodule.
Current clamping force determination sub-module is used to determine that fastener is applied to set according to the pressure of the external load gathered
The current clamping force of cylinder.
3rd judging submodule is connected with current clamping force determination sub-module, and the current of sleeve is applied to for working as fastener
When clamping force is greater than or equal to the clamping force corresponding to predetermined anti-slip coefficient, judge that the current clamping force of fastener is reliable.
Wherein, the clamping force corresponding to the predetermined anti-slip coefficient is determined according to the following formula：
Wherein, FKQ2It is subject to the pressure of ordinance load to work as connecting component, and in the case of not sliding, the fastener is applied
Add to the minimum grip power of the sleeve, FQ2For the pressure for the ordinance load that the connecting component is subject to, FKR2Make a reservation for resist to be described
The clamping force being somebody's turn to do corresponding to slip coefficient, μTThe coefficient of friction of faying face between the connecting component and the sleeve, SGFor
The predetermined anti-slip coefficient, qFFor the quantity with the fastener sleeve correspondingly.
On the device in above-described embodiment, wherein modules perform the concrete mode of operation in related this method
Embodiment in be described in detail, explanation will be not set forth in detail herein.
Through the above technical solutions, for being used for clamping connecting component, connecting component is prevented to generate and clamping force Vertical Square
To sliding fastener for, by generating the pressure of external load gathered during sliding in connecting component, to determine tightly
The reliability of firmware connection.In such manner, it is possible to directly and accurately judge whether the connection of fastener meets working condition requirement, method letter
Single, test period is short, the whole detection cycle of equipment where shortening fastener.
The preferred embodiment of the disclosure is described in detail above in association with attached drawing, still, the disclosure is not limited to above-mentioned reality
The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the disclosure, a variety of letters can be carried out to the technical solution of the disclosure
Monotropic type, these simple variants belong to the protection domain of the disclosure.
It is further to note that the specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case of shield, it can be combined by any suitable means.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the disclosure to it is various can
The combination of energy no longer separately illustrates.
In addition, it can also be combined between a variety of embodiments of the disclosure, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
Disclosed thought should equally be considered as disclosure disclosure of that.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for detecting fastener connection reliability, the fastener is used to clamp by closing sleeve described
Connecting component in sleeve, the connecting component are subject to the pressure of the load along sleeve axial direction at work, and feature exists
In, the described method includes；
When the connecting component is subject to the pressure of external load, judge whether occur between the connecting component and the sleeve
Sliding；
When judging to slide, the pressure of the external load is gathered；
The reliability of the fastener connection is determined according to the pressure of the external load gathered.
2. the according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, pressure for being subject to external load when the connecting component
When, judge to include the step of whether sliding between the connecting component and the sleeve：
When the connecting component is subject to the pressure of external load, the opposite position between the connecting component and the sleeve is gathered
It moves；
When the relative displacement be more than predetermined displacement threshold value, alternatively, the change rate of the relative displacement be more than predetermined variation
During rate threshold value, judge to slide between the connecting component and the sleeve.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the pressure according to the external load gathered determines institute
The step of reliability for stating fastener connection, includes：
Determine that the fastener is applied to the simulated clamp force of the sleeve according to road modal data or computer simulation；
The pressure for the simulation load that the connecting component is subject to is determined according to the simulated clamp force；
When the pressure of the simulation load is less than or equal to the pressure of gathered external load, judge that the fastener is current
Clamping force it is reliable.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described determine the connecting portion according to the simulated clamp force
The step of pressure for the simulation load that part is subject to, includes：
The pressure for the simulation load that the connecting component is subject to is calculated according to the following formula：
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<mi>F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
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<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
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<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
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<msub>
<mi>q</mi>
<mi>F</mi>
</msub>
<mo>*</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&mu;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Wherein, FKQ1The simulated clamp force of the sleeve, F are applied to for the fastenerQ1The simulation being subject to for the connecting component
The pressure of load, μTThe coefficient of friction of faying face between the connecting component and the sleeve, qFFor with the fastener one
The quantity of the one corresponding sleeve.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the pressure according to the external load gathered determines institute
The step of reliability for stating fastener connection, includes：
Determine that the fastener is applied to the current clamping force of the sleeve according to the pressure of the external load gathered；
When the current clamping force that the fastener is applied to the sleeve is greater than or equal to corresponding to predetermined anti-slip coefficient
During clamping force, judge that the current clamping force of the fastener is reliable.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, clamping force root corresponding to the predetermined anti-slip coefficient
It is determined according to the following formula：
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<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
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<mi>K</mi>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
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<mrow>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Wherein, FKQ2It is subject to the pressure of ordinance load to work as connecting component, and in the case of not sliding, the fastener is applied to
The minimum grip power of the sleeve, FQ2For the pressure for the ordinance load that the connecting component is subject to, FKR2For the predetermined resistant slide
The clamping force being somebody's turn to do corresponding to coefficient, μTThe coefficient of friction of faying face between the connecting component and the sleeve, SGTo be described
Predetermined anti-slip coefficient, qFFor the quantity with the fastener sleeve correspondingly.
7. a kind of for detecting the device of fastener connection reliability, the fastener is used to clamp by closing sleeve described
Connecting component in sleeve, the connecting component are subject to the pressure of the load along sleeve axial direction at work, and feature exists
In described device includes；
Judgment module during for being subject to the pressure of external load when the connecting component, judges the connecting component and the set
Whether slid between cylinder；
Acquisition module is connected with the judgment module, for when judging to slide, gathering the pressure of the external load；
Determining module is connected with the acquisition module, for determining the fastener according to the pressure of the external load gathered
The reliability of connection.
8. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the judgment module includes：
Submodule being gathered, during for being subject to the pressure of external load when the connecting component, gathering the connecting component and described
Relative displacement between sleeve；
First judging submodule, is connected with the acquisition submodule, is more than predetermined displacement threshold value for working as the relative displacement,
Alternatively, when the change rate of the relative displacement is more than predetermined change rate threshold value, judge the connecting component and the sleeve it
Between slide.
9. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the determining module includes：
Simulated clamp force determination sub-module, described in determining that the fastener is applied to according to road modal data or computer simulation
The simulated clamp force of sleeve；
Simulation load determination sub-module is connected with the simulated clamp force determination sub-module, for according to the simulated clamp force
Determine the pressure for the simulation load that the connecting component is subject to；
Second judgment submodule is connected with the simulation load determination sub-module, and the pressure for working as the simulation load is less than
Or equal to the external load gathered pressure when, judge that the current clamping force of the fastener is reliable.
10. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the determining module includes：
Current clamping force determination sub-module, for determining that the fastener is applied to institute according to the pressure of the external load gathered
State the current clamping force of sleeve；
3rd judging submodule is connected with the current clamping force determination sub-module, for work as the fastener be applied to it is described
When the current clamping force of sleeve is greater than or equal to the clamping force corresponding to predetermined anti-slip coefficient, judge that the fastener is current
Clamping force it is reliable.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111928990A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-13 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring vehicle bolt tightening torque |
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