CN108061013A - 便携式海上综合能量转化平台 - Google Patents

便携式海上综合能量转化平台 Download PDF

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CN108061013A
CN108061013A CN201711278015.4A CN201711278015A CN108061013A CN 108061013 A CN108061013 A CN 108061013A CN 201711278015 A CN201711278015 A CN 201711278015A CN 108061013 A CN108061013 A CN 108061013A
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traction rope
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邹强
李鑫
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Tianjin University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4453—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting solar energy into electric energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4466—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting water energy into electric energy, e.g. from tidal flows, waves or currents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Abstract

本发明涉及一种便携式海上综合能量转化平台，包括基础平台、风力发电机、缆线收放系统、带有太阳能帆板的海上太阳能发电装置、波浪能收集装置和蓄电池，风力发电机、海上太阳能发电装置和波浪能收集装置收集的能量通过储存在蓄电池中，其中，缆线收放系统通过牵引绳与无人机相连，当无人机移动时，通过牵引绳拉动并驱动风力发电机，一旦牵引绳被卷出预定的系绳长度时，缆线收放系统使牵引绳回卷。太阳能帆板位于基础平台的两侧，能够被收起和拓展，其上布置有光伏电池。

Description

便携式海上综合能量转化平台
技术领域
本发明属于便携式综合性发电设备技术领域，特别是利用风能、太阳能和波浪能等进行发电的便携式海上浮漂综合能量转化平台。
技术背景
作为一种无污染、可持续供给的绿色能源，风力发电便利了人们的生产生活，对电力社会文明的重要作用是不言而喻的。因自身所蕴含的无限能量，海上风力发电越来越受到世界各国的重视。一般说来海上风能更大，对人口密集度高、地价昂贵、经济高度发达、开发陆上风电又存有实际局限的沿海城市来说，发展海上风电无疑是一个很好的选择。但一般的海上发电设备往往体型巨大，且固定在海床上，其局限性显而易见。因此，提出一种灵活性高、适应性强的海上发电平台显得尤为重要。
目前，海上风力发电机组按照基础形式不同可分为固定式和悬浮式。
其中固定式发电机组适用于水深小于50m的近海区域，其基础直接固定在海床上，又称为固定式基础。因此，固定式发电机组的缺点在于其使用的局限性和工程复杂性。悬浮式主要分为单柱式和半潜式。单柱式平台主要由单柱式基础和系泊系统构成，利用固定在平台底部的大量压载物来实现平台重心处于浮心下方，并利用系泊力及基础浮力共同实现平台稳定，其经济性较高。半潜式平台作为海洋钻井平台技术的延伸，在平台稳定性方面具有良好的表现，适合多台海上风力发电机组集中式共用平台。
降低海上发电机组的基础造价和施工费用是海上发电技术发展面临的主要挑战，其中设备运输和安装成本占主要部分，如何提高能源利用率以及降低成本是目前本领域的主要障碍。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种便携式海上综合能量转化平台，不仅解决现有海上发电机组灵活性差、造价高和施工复杂等问题，而且该平台空间可展结构使其易于运输和安放，漂浮于海面上，受水深影响小，发电效率高。为实现上述目的，本发明采取以下技术方案：
一种便携式海上综合能量转化平台，包括基础平台、风力发电机、缆线收放系统、带有太阳能帆板的海上太阳能发电装置、波浪能收集装置和蓄电池，风力发电机、海上太阳能发电装置和波浪能收集装置收集的能量通过储存在蓄电池中，其中，缆线收放系统通过牵引绳与无人机相连，当无人机移动时，通过牵引绳拉动并驱动风力发电机，一旦牵引绳被卷出预定的系绳长度时，缆线收放系统使牵引绳回卷。太阳能帆板位于基础平台的两侧，能够被收起和拓展，其上布置有光伏电池。
本发明由于采取以上技术方案，其具有以下优点：
1、该平台由于其空间可展结构可以装备在一个箱体内，不需要近海海底打地基也不需要进行水下作业，无需现场拆卸与安装，整个系统运输和安放起来就很方便。因此那些传统海上发电平台难以安放的区域，完全可以利用该平台来为这些地区提供不间断的电力。
2、该平台漂浮于离岸海面上工作，绿色环保，节省陆地空间，降低平台安装及维护成本，利用率高。
3、该平台与陆上发电相比，维护成本低，性能稳定，使用寿命长，发电效率高，在“海洋强国”的浪潮中前景广阔。
5、该平台是一种制造廉价能源的制造方案，它可以通过海底管道向海岸传输能量。
附图说明
图1为本发明工作示意图。
图2为本发明结构简图。
图中：1无人机，2基础平台上腔体，3太阳能帆板，4基础平台下腔体，5波浪能收集装置，6牵引绳，7风力发电机，8蓄电池，9电缆。
具体实施方式
如图，该种便携式海上综合能量转化专用平台技术，包括基础平台和固定在其上的发电装置，所述的基础平台漂浮于海水上，主要作为支撑发电装置的载体，并为空间可展结构提供容纳空间。在运输过程中，太阳能帆板3收缩于平台两侧，无人机1收纳于平台上腔体2，波浪能发电装置5收纳于平台下腔体4，便于运输。
起风时，无人机1的栓翅从平台站点上自动启动，由小型旋螺桨提供升力并进行控制，飞至300米高空后自动关闭发动机，随着高空的强风按照数字8的形状进行被动飞行，平台上的风力发电机7会将运动产生的机械能转换成电能。这样的发电模式，通过无人机1在空中灵活的变换位置和角度，能够最大限度的捕捉风力。
图2示意平台内部结构，无人机借助牵引绳6与牵引绳绞盘链接，在启动之后，无人机沿着垂直于牵引绳的平面垂直的飞行，轨迹与该放出运动叠加，飞行轨迹可以是圆弧形或者8字形。圆弧的幅度及其水平或者垂直定向根据风向选择，使其可以将无人机产生的牵引力通过牵引绳传送到发电机发电，期间通过线缆收放系统(参见：任雪峰的一种用于系留无人机收放舱的线缆收放装置:中国，201620660491.7[P].2017-02-15.)调整牵引绳的收放，当无人机1移动时，它通过牵引绳拉动并驱动发电机。一旦牵引绳被卷出预定的系绳长度时，无人机1自动向地面下降，弹簧轴承使牵引绳回卷。然后，无人机1又通过风力带动牵引绳上升并重复该过程。如此往返，产生电力，并将风力发电机7发出的电能输送给蓄电池8储存，并在有需求时向外界供电。
平台装有电能转化集热装置，在使用超级传输球透镜点聚焦聚光器时，通过双轴跟踪系统自动调整角度，提高能源转化效率，同时这个海上太阳能发电装置还能够从夜晚的月亮收集能源，将其收集的太阳能输送给蓄电池8储存，并在有需求时向外界供电。
波浪能收集系统5是被动和机械的，它将能量从波浪运动转换成推力。该收集系统利用表面浮子和水下装置之间的波浪运动的自然差异。连接到转换波浪能的铰接翅片或翼，当它们垂直枢转时产生大于1.3kN的推力时收集产生的波浪能。它还可以从高频，低幅波(如风波)收获能量，以便即使在平的条件下也能获得能量。其将收集的波浪能通过电缆9输送给蓄电池8储存，并在有需求时向外界供电。
本平台属便携式，运输安放简单，并且能量利用率高，释放大量本平台，能够为船只、渔场或军事活动乃至陆地提供能源供应。

Claims (1)

1.一种便携式海上综合能量转化平台，包括基础平台、风力发电机、缆线收放系统、带有太阳能帆板的海上太阳能发电装置、波浪能收集装置和蓄电池，风力发电机、海上太阳能发电装置和波浪能收集装置收集的能量通过储存在蓄电池中，其中，缆线收放系统通过牵引绳与无人机相连，当无人机移动时，通过牵引绳拉动并驱动风力发电机，一旦牵引绳被卷出预定的系绳长度时，缆线收放系统使牵引绳回卷。太阳能帆板位于基础平台的两侧，能够被收起和拓展，其上布置有光伏电池。
CN201711278015.4A 2017-12-06 2017-12-06 便携式海上综合能量转化平台 Pending CN108061013A (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110492467A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-22 集美大学 一种漂浮式海上雷达测风移动平台风光储直流微网系统
CN110492467B (zh) * 2019-09-06 2024-02-09 集美大学 一种漂浮式海上雷达测风移动平台风光储直流微网系统
CN116062200A (zh) * 2023-02-17 2023-05-05 哈尔滨工程大学 吸盘式波浪能自发电无人机
CN116062200B (zh) * 2023-02-17 2023-08-29 哈尔滨工程大学 吸盘式波浪能自发电无人机

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