CN108059359B - Preparation method of surface with composite wettability characteristic - Google Patents
Preparation method of surface with composite wettability characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN108059359B CN108059359B CN201711310870.9A CN201711310870A CN108059359B CN 108059359 B CN108059359 B CN 108059359B CN 201711310870 A CN201711310870 A CN 201711310870A CN 108059359 B CN108059359 B CN 108059359B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- AVXLXFZNRNUCRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctyl)silane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl AVXLXFZNRNUCRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XPBBUZJBQWWFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosilane Chemical compound [SiH3]F XPBBUZJBQWWFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001489698 Gerridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/70—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
- C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
- C03C2218/151—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by vacuum evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
- C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
- C03C2218/152—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by cvd
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A preparation method of a surface with composite wettability characteristics belongs to the technical field of material surface processing. The method comprises the following steps: (1) covering the through porous material on the surface of the target substrate, and fixing; (2) placing the substrate above the flame vertex of the candle for candle ash deposition, and cooling; (3) peeling the interpenetrating porous material from the matrix; (4) putting the matrix into a dryer, simultaneously respectively filling 3 ml of glass bottles containing ethyl orthosilicate and strong ammonia water, sealing the dryer, and standing for 24 hours; (5) taking out the matrix from the dryer, putting the matrix into a heating device for calcining, and cooling; (6) and finally, carrying out hydrophobic treatment on the surface to obtain the surface with the super-hydrophobic/hydrophobic composite wettability characteristic. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, good environmental protection, easy large-area preparation, application to liquid drop transportation, micro-fluidic, fluid drag reduction and the like, and wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material surface processing, in particular to a preparation method of a surface with composite wettability characteristics.
Background
Wettability is one of important characteristics of the surface of a material, and the research on the controllable wettability of the surface has important significance in both basic research and industrial application. The unique micron and nanometer structure in organism in nature endows the organism with special surface wetting performance. For example, the self-cleaning property of lotus, the super-hydrophobicity of water strider leg, the adhesiveness of rose petals, and the like are closely related to their surface specific microstructures. Due to the excellent properties exhibited by organisms, scientists have eagerly wanted to prepare biomimetic surfaces in a variety of ways to achieve the application of these properties to practical life.
A superhydrophobic surface generally refers to a surface having a contact angle greater than 150 ° and a rolling angle less than 10 °. The super-hydrophobic surface has small adhesion to the liquid drops, and the liquid drops can easily roll off the liquid drops, so the super-hydrophobic special wettability surface is widely applied to the fields of water resistance, freezing resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. However, the single special wettability (such as super-hydrophobicity) of the material surface cannot meet the requirement of practical application, and the material surface is often required to have composite wettability. For example, during the condensation process of water vapor, the super-hydrophobicity of the surface of the material is favorable for the condensed liquid drop to rapidly separate from the surface, but is not favorable for the nucleation growth of water vapor molecules on the surface; the generally hydrophobic material surface favors the nucleation growth of water vapor molecules, but does not favor the rapid shedding of the coalesced droplets. Therefore, the surface of the material with the composite wettability characteristic can meet the requirement of rapid nucleation of water vapor molecules and promote the falling of condensed liquid drops. The surface of the material prepared by the prior art is short in service life and easy to lose efficacy, expensive equipment is needed in the preparation process, the used reagent is not friendly to the environment, and the preparation process is complex and time-consuming. How to rapidly construct a composite wettability surface containing a nano/micron structure by using a simple method is a difficulty in the technical field of surface processing of current materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a surface preparation method with composite wettability characteristics, which is convenient to operate, low in cost, easy to produce in a large scale and long in service life.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
according to the invention, a through porous material is used as a template, a method for depositing candle ash carbon particles is used as an auxiliary method, a micro-nano secondary structure is constructed on the surface of a target substrate, and a super-hydrophobic/hydrophobic composite wettability surface can be obtained after hydrophobic treatment.
A method of preparing a surface having composite wettability characteristics, comprising the steps of:
(1) covering the through porous material on the surface of the target substrate, and fixing;
(2) placing the substrate at a certain height from the flame vertex of the candle to deposit candle ash, and cooling;
(3) peeling the interpenetrating porous material from the surface of the substrate;
(4) putting the substrate into a dryer, simultaneously putting the substrate into two open glass bottles, respectively filling 3 ml of tetraethoxysilane and strong ammonia water, sealing the dryer, and standing for 24 hours;
(5) taking out the matrix from the dryer, putting the matrix into a heating device for calcining, and cooling;
(6) and finally, carrying out hydrophobic treatment on the surface of the substrate by using fluorosilane.
The preparation method of the surface with the composite wettability characteristic has the further technical scheme that the through porous material in the step (1) can be a copper mesh, a stainless steel wire mesh or a microporous plate, and the aperture size and the spacing are 50-400 mm.
The preparation method of the surface with the composite wettability characteristic has the further technical scheme that the target matrix in the step (1) can be glass, ceramic or cement and other anti-oxidation and high-temperature-resistant materials.
The preparation method of the surface with the composite wettability characteristic has the further technical scheme that candle ash deposition treatment is carried out on the surface of a target substrate in the step (2), specifically, the substrate is placed at a position 1-1.5 cm away from the flame vertex of a candle to carry out candle ash deposition, and the deposition time is 30-90 seconds; after the deposition process is completed, the substrate is left in air to cool naturally, and the surface cannot be purged by a purging device such as an air pump.
Putting the base body and the two glass bottles with the openings into a dryer in the step (4), and ensuring that the two glass bottles are placed on two sides of the base body; 3 ml of ethyl orthosilicate and concentrated ammonia water are respectively filled into an open glass bottle, and a dryer is sealed; because the tetraethoxysilane and the strong ammonia water have volatility, the gas phase tetraethoxysilane is adsorbed by candle ash on the surface of a substrate, meanwhile, the tetraethoxysilane is hydrolyzed into silicon dioxide particles under the catalysis of the ammonia water, and the whole vapor deposition process is carried out in a closed dryer for 24 hours.
In the step (5), the candle ash on the surface of the substrate needs to be calcined, specifically, the substrate is taken out from the dryer and put into a heating device, and is calcined at the high temperature of 600-650 ℃ for 2-4 hours in the atmosphere containing oxygen, only silica particles remain on the surface of the substrate at the moment, and the candle ash is calcined; the heating device can be a heating furnace, a muffle furnace, a tube furnace and the like.
In order to make the surface have composite wettability characteristics in the step (6), the method needs to be subjected to hydrophobic treatment, and comprises the following steps: putting a target substrate and an open glass bottle into a vacuum drier, and then dripping 4 microliter of perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane into the open glass bottle; sealing the vacuum drier, starting to vacuumize, and keeping the vacuum drier under the absolute pressure of 10 kilopascals for 20 minutes; emptying the vacuum drier, taking out the matrix, putting the matrix into an oven, and heating the matrix for 45 minutes at the temperature of 150 ℃; the surface of the substrate after hydrophobic treatment has composite wettability characteristics, which is characterized in that the areas deposited with the silica particles present super-hydrophobic characteristics, and the smooth areas (non-deposited silica particles) present hydrophobicity.
The principle of the invention is as follows: firstly, printing a microstructure of a template on the surface of a target substrate by using a method for depositing candle ash by taking a through porous material as the template, wherein the phenomenon that the candle ash can be deposited in a porous area is shown, and the candle ash cannot be deposited in the other covered areas; the candle ash is of a layer of nano-porous structure, but the mechanical stability is poor, further treatment is needed, the volatile tetraethoxysilane is adsorbed by the candle ash deposited on the surface of the substrate by adopting a chemical vapor deposition tetraethoxysilane method, and the volatilized tetraethoxysilane is hydrolyzed into silicon dioxide particles under the catalysis of ammonia water, so that the silicon dioxide particles can be deposited on the candle ash of the nano-porous structure; in order to enhance the mechanical strength of the nano porous structure, a method of calcining a substrate is adopted, so that not only can redundant candle ash carbon particles be removed, but also the nano porous structure can be more compact; the surface free energy can be reduced by using the chemical siltation method of the fluorosilane, the surface with composite wettability characteristics is obtained, the area deposited with the silicon dioxide particles presents super-hydrophobic characteristics, and the smooth area not deposited with the silicon dioxide particles presents hydrophobicity.
Compared with the prior art and the preparation method, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the method has the advantages of simple operation process, low cost and good repeatability, the designed materials and reagents are easy to obtain, the requirement on equipment is extremely low, large-area preparation is easy, and batch production is easy to realize.
2. The method adopts cheap through porous materials as templates, can design corresponding microstructures according to use requirements, and is beneficial to increasing the application range and use value of products; in addition, the through porous material can be recycled, and the environmental protection property is good.
3. The surface prepared by the method has the characteristics of super-hydrophobic/hydrophobic composite wettability, can meet different application requirements, is high in surface stability, has high temperature resistance, and can be repeatedly used.
The method can effectively prepare the surfaces with different wetting characteristics, can be applied to aspects of dust prevention, liquid drop transportation, micro-fluidic, fluid drag reduction and the like, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the process of the present invention for preparing a surface having a composite wettability feature.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the distribution of wettability of the surface of a substrate before and after a hydrophobization treatment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
A preparation method of a surface with composite wettability characteristics comprises the following specific steps:
(1) covering a stainless steel wire mesh (with the aperture of 74 micrometers and the wire diameter of 50 micrometers) of 200 meshes on the glass sheet, enabling the stainless steel wire mesh and the glass sheet to be mutually attached, and fixing the outer edge part of the glass sheet by using a clamp;
(2) placing the glass sheet covered with the stainless steel wire mesh at a position 1 cm away from the flame vertex of the candle for candle ash deposition for 45 seconds, and after the deposition treatment is finished, placing the glass sheet in air for natural cooling;
(3) loosening the clamp, and stripping the stainless steel screen from the glass sheet;
(4) putting the glass sheet into a dryer, simultaneously putting two glass bottles with openings on two sides of the glass sheet, respectively filling 3 ml of tetraethoxysilane and concentrated ammonia water, sealing the dryer, and standing for 24 hours;
(5) taking the glass sheet out of the dryer, putting the glass sheet into a muffle furnace, calcining the glass sheet at the high temperature of 600 ℃ for 2 hours in the atmosphere containing oxygen, and naturally cooling the glass sheet;
(6) putting a glass sheet and an open glass bottle into a vacuum drier, dripping 4 microliter of perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane into the open glass bottle, sealing the vacuum drier and vacuumizing, keeping the vacuum drier for 20 minutes under the absolute pressure of 10 kilopascals, finally emptying the vacuum drier, taking out the glass sheet, putting the glass sheet into an oven, and heating for 45 minutes at the temperature of 150 ℃; the surface of the substrate after hydrophobic treatment has composite wettability characteristics, which is characterized in that the areas deposited with the silica particles present super-hydrophobic characteristics, and the smooth areas (non-deposited silica particles) present hydrophobicity.
Example 2
A preparation method of a surface with composite wettability characteristics comprises the following specific steps:
(1) covering a stainless steel wire mesh (with the aperture of 74 micrometers and the wire diameter of 50 micrometers) of 200 meshes on the glass sheet, enabling the stainless steel wire mesh and the glass sheet to be mutually attached, and fixing the outer edge part of the glass sheet by using a clamp;
(2) placing the glass sheet covered with the stainless steel wire mesh at a position 1 cm away from the flame vertex of the candle for candle ash deposition for 60 seconds, and after the deposition treatment is finished, placing the glass sheet in air for natural cooling;
(3) loosening the clamp, and stripping the stainless steel screen from the glass sheet;
(4) putting the glass sheet into a dryer, simultaneously putting two glass bottles with openings on two sides of the glass sheet, respectively filling 3 ml of tetraethoxysilane and concentrated ammonia water, sealing the dryer, and standing for 24 hours;
(5) taking the glass sheet out of the dryer, putting the glass sheet into a muffle furnace, calcining the glass sheet at the high temperature of 600 ℃ for 2 hours in the atmosphere containing oxygen, and naturally cooling the glass sheet;
(6) putting a glass sheet and an open glass bottle into a vacuum drier, dripping 4 microliter of perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane into the open glass bottle, sealing the vacuum drier and vacuumizing, keeping the vacuum drier for 20 minutes under the absolute pressure of 10 kilopascals, finally emptying the vacuum drier, taking out the glass sheet, putting the glass sheet into an oven, and heating for 45 minutes at the temperature of 150 ℃; the surface of the substrate after hydrophobic treatment has composite wettability characteristics, which is characterized in that the areas deposited with the silica particles present super-hydrophobic characteristics, and the smooth areas (non-deposited silica particles) present hydrophobicity.
Example 3
A preparation method of a surface with composite wettability characteristics comprises the following specific steps:
(1) covering a stainless steel wire mesh (with the aperture of 74 micrometers and the wire diameter of 50 micrometers) of 200 meshes on the glass sheet, enabling the stainless steel wire mesh and the glass sheet to be mutually attached, and fixing the outer edge part of the glass sheet by using a clamp;
(2) placing the glass sheet covered with the stainless steel wire mesh at a position 1.5 cm away from the flame vertex of the candle for candle ash deposition for 45 seconds, and after the deposition treatment is finished, placing the glass sheet in air for natural cooling;
(3) loosening the clamp, and stripping the stainless steel screen from the glass sheet;
(4) putting the glass sheet into a dryer, simultaneously putting two glass bottles with openings on two sides of the glass sheet, respectively filling 3 ml of tetraethoxysilane and concentrated ammonia water, sealing the dryer, and standing for 24 hours;
(5) taking the glass sheet out of the dryer, putting the glass sheet into a muffle furnace, calcining the glass sheet at the high temperature of 600 ℃ for 2 hours in the atmosphere containing oxygen, and naturally cooling the glass sheet;
(6) putting a glass sheet and an open glass bottle into a vacuum drier, dripping 4 microliter of perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane into the open glass bottle, sealing the vacuum drier and vacuumizing, keeping the vacuum drier for 20 minutes under the absolute pressure of 10 kilopascals, finally emptying the vacuum drier, taking out the glass sheet, putting the glass sheet into an oven, and heating for 45 minutes at the temperature of 150 ℃; the surface of the substrate after hydrophobic treatment has composite wettability characteristics, which is characterized in that the areas deposited with the silica particles present super-hydrophobic characteristics, and the smooth areas (non-deposited silica particles) present hydrophobicity.
Example 4
A preparation method of a surface with composite wettability characteristics comprises the following specific steps:
(1) covering a 100-mesh stainless steel wire mesh (with the aperture of 180 micrometers and the wire diameter of 80 micrometers) on a glass sheet, enabling the stainless steel wire mesh and the glass sheet to be mutually attached, and fixing the outer edge part of the glass sheet by using a clamp;
(2) placing the glass sheet covered with the stainless steel wire mesh at a position 1 cm away from the flame vertex of the candle for candle ash deposition for 45 seconds, and after the deposition treatment is finished, placing the glass sheet in air for natural cooling;
(3) loosening the clamp, and stripping the stainless steel screen from the glass sheet;
(4) putting the glass sheet into a dryer, simultaneously putting two glass bottles with openings on two sides of the glass sheet, respectively filling 3 ml of tetraethoxysilane and concentrated ammonia water, sealing the dryer, and standing for 24 hours;
(5) taking the glass sheet out of the dryer, putting the glass sheet into a muffle furnace, calcining the glass sheet at the high temperature of 600 ℃ for 2 hours in the atmosphere containing oxygen, and naturally cooling the glass sheet;
(6) putting a glass sheet and an open glass bottle into a vacuum drier, dripping 4 microliter of perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane into the open glass bottle, sealing the vacuum drier and vacuumizing, keeping the vacuum drier for 20 minutes under the absolute pressure of 10 kilopascals, finally emptying the vacuum drier, taking out the glass sheet, putting the glass sheet into an oven, and heating for 45 minutes at the temperature of 150 ℃; the surface of the substrate after hydrophobic treatment has composite wettability characteristics, which is characterized in that the areas deposited with the silica particles present super-hydrophobic characteristics, and the smooth areas (non-deposited silica particles) present hydrophobicity.
Example 5
A preparation method of a surface with composite wettability characteristics comprises the following specific steps:
(1) covering a microporous plate (with a round hole, the aperture of 200 microns and the hole interval of 200 microns) on a glass sheet, enabling the two to be mutually attached, and fixing the outer edge part of the glass sheet by using a clamp;
(2) placing the glass sheet covered with the microporous plate at a position 1 cm away from the flame vertex of the candle for candle ash deposition, wherein the deposition time is 45 seconds, and after the deposition treatment is finished, placing the glass sheet in air for natural cooling;
(3) loosening the clamp, and stripping the microporous plate from the glass sheet;
(4) putting the glass sheet into a dryer, simultaneously putting two glass bottles with openings on two sides of the glass sheet, respectively filling 3 ml of tetraethoxysilane and concentrated ammonia water, sealing the dryer, and standing for 24 hours;
(5) taking the glass sheet out of the dryer, putting the glass sheet into a muffle furnace, calcining the glass sheet at the high temperature of 600 ℃ for 2 hours in the atmosphere containing oxygen, and naturally cooling the glass sheet;
(6) putting a glass sheet and an open glass bottle into a vacuum drier, dripping 4 microliter of perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane into the open glass bottle, sealing the vacuum drier and vacuumizing, keeping the vacuum drier for 20 minutes under the absolute pressure of 10 kilopascals, finally emptying the vacuum drier, taking out the glass sheet, putting the glass sheet into an oven, and heating for 45 minutes at the temperature of 150 ℃; the surface of the substrate after hydrophobic treatment has composite wettability characteristics, which is characterized in that the areas deposited with the silica particles present super-hydrophobic characteristics, and the smooth areas (non-deposited silica particles) present hydrophobicity.
Example 6
A preparation method of a surface with composite wettability characteristics comprises the following specific steps:
(1) covering a stainless steel wire mesh (with the aperture of 74 micrometers and the wire diameter of 50 micrometers) of 200 meshes on the ceramic sheet, enabling the stainless steel wire mesh and the ceramic sheet to be mutually attached, and fixing the outer edge part of the glass sheet by using a clamp;
(2) placing the ceramic plate covered with the stainless steel wire mesh at a position 1 cm away from the flame vertex of the candle for candle ash deposition for 45 seconds, and after the deposition treatment is finished, placing the ceramic plate in air for natural cooling;
(3) loosening the clamp, and stripping the stainless steel screen from the ceramic sheet;
(4) putting the ceramic wafer into a dryer, simultaneously putting two glass bottles with openings on two sides of the ceramic wafer, respectively filling 3 ml of tetraethoxysilane and strong ammonia water, sealing the dryer, and standing for 24 hours;
(5) taking the ceramic wafer out of the dryer, putting the ceramic wafer into a muffle furnace, calcining the ceramic wafer for 2 hours at the high temperature of 600 ℃ in the atmosphere containing oxygen, and naturally cooling the ceramic wafer;
(6) putting a ceramic chip and an open glass bottle into a vacuum drier, dripping 4 microliter of perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane into the open glass bottle, sealing the vacuum drier and vacuumizing, keeping the vacuum drier for 20 minutes under the absolute pressure of 10 kilopascals, finally emptying the vacuum drier, taking out the ceramic chip, putting the ceramic chip into an oven, and heating for 45 minutes at the temperature of 150 ℃; the surface of the substrate after hydrophobic treatment has composite wettability characteristics, which is characterized in that the areas deposited with the silica particles present super-hydrophobic characteristics, and the smooth areas (non-deposited silica particles) present hydrophobicity.
Claims (1)
1. A method of preparing a surface having composite wettability characteristics, comprising the steps of:
(1) covering the through porous material on the surface of the target substrate, and fixing; the through porous material is a 200-mesh stainless steel wire mesh, the aperture is 74 microns, and the wire diameter is 50 microns; the target substrate is an anti-oxidation and high-temperature-resistant material and is glass;
(2) the target substrate is placed at a position 1 cm away from the flame vertex of the candle to deposit candle ash, and the deposition time is 60 seconds; naturally cooling the surface of the deposited target substrate in the air;
(3) peeling the interpenetrating porous material from the surface of the substrate;
(4) putting the substrate into a dryer, simultaneously putting into open glass bottles respectively filled with 3 ml of tetraethoxysilane and strong ammonia water, sealing the dryer, and standing for 24 hours;
(5) taking out the matrix from the dryer, putting the matrix into a heating device to calcine for 2 hours at 600 ℃ in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, and cooling; the heating device is a muffle furnace;
(6) and finally, carrying out hydrophobic treatment on the surface of the substrate by using fluorosilane: putting the target substrate into a vacuum dryer, simultaneously putting the vacuum dryer into an open glass bottle with 4 microliters of perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane, vacuumizing, and keeping the vacuum dryer under the absolute pressure of 10 kilopascals for 20 minutes; taking out the target substrate and putting the target substrate into an oven, and heating the target substrate at the temperature of 150 ℃ for 45 minutes; the surface with super-hydrophobic/hydrophobic composite wettability characteristics is obtained.
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| CN110255529A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-09-20 | 江苏大学 | A kind of agraphitic carbon array preparation method that size is controllable |
| CN111041451A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-21 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Durable anti-icing surface modification material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111991849A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-27 | 广东工业大学 | Super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic oil-water separation material constructed rapidly and preparation method and application thereof |
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