Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electric vehicle charging device, which aims to solve the problems that an existing electric vehicle cannot detect whether the existing electric vehicle is connected with the electric vehicle charging device or not due to the fact that the existing electric vehicle has no control and guide function, and cannot be charged.
The present invention provides an electric vehicle charging apparatus, comprising: the monitoring device comprises a connection detection circuit and a monitoring unit, wherein the connection detection circuit is respectively connected with a power supply and the monitoring unit, the monitoring unit is also connected with a charging switch, and the connection point of the connection detection circuit and the power supply is positioned at the upstream of the charging switch;
the connection detection circuit comprises a high-low voltage conversion unit, a rectification unit, a photoelectric coupler and a connecting switch, wherein the high-low voltage conversion unit is respectively connected with the power supply, the connecting switch and the rectification unit, the rectification unit is also connected with the photoelectric coupler and the connecting switch, the photoelectric coupler and the connecting switch are also connected with the monitoring unit, and a first contact and a second contact in the connecting switch are used for being connected with the electric automobile;
the monitoring unit is used for controlling the first contact and the second contact to be connected with the power supply when the charging switch is switched off, and enabling the photoelectric coupler to be connected when the first contact and the second contact are connected with the electric automobile, and the photoelectric coupler outputs a first level;
the monitoring unit is further used for receiving a first level output by the photoelectric coupler, controlling the first contact and the second contact to be disconnected with the power supply according to the first level, and controlling the charging switch to be closed so as to charge the electric automobile.
Optionally, the method further comprises: the interface is used for being connected with the electric automobile, the interface is connected with the power supply, and the connecting switch is arranged at the upstream of the interface.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and one end of the control guide circuit is connected with the interface.
Optionally, the connection switch is a relay.
Optionally, the monitoring unit is further configured to control the first contact and the second contact to be connected to the power supply when the charging switch is turned off, and when the first contact and the second contact are not connected to the electric vehicle, the photocoupler is not turned on and outputs a second level;
and the monitoring unit is also used for receiving a second level output by the photoelectric coupler and confirming that the electric automobile is not connected with the electric automobile charging equipment according to the second level.
Optionally, the monitoring unit is further configured to monitor an output current of the electric vehicle charging device, and when the output current disappears, the charging switch is controlled to be turned off, and the first contact and the second contact are controlled to be connected to the power supply.
Optionally, the power supply is an ac power supply.
According to the electric vehicle charging equipment, the charging switch and the connecting switch in the connection detection circuit are controlled by the monitoring unit, and after alternating current is introduced, the voltage conversion of the high-low voltage conversion unit in the connection detection circuit, the alternating current and direct current conversion of the rectifying unit and the detection of the output level of the photoelectric coupler are carried out, so that the connection state between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle charging equipment is determined, and the charging service of the charging equipment on the electric vehicle is realized.
Detailed Description
When the electric automobile charging equipment charges the electric automobile, the function of detecting the connection state between the electric automobile and the electric automobile charging equipment is arranged on the electric automobile charging equipment, so that the power supply is adjusted to be calibrated voltage/current to supply to the electric automobile, and the charging service of the electric automobile can be realized.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an electric vehicle charging apparatus of the present invention, fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a connection detection circuit 10, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an electric vehicle charging apparatus of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the electric vehicle charging apparatus of the present embodiment may include: the monitoring device comprises a connection detection circuit 10 and a monitoring unit 20, wherein the connection detection circuit 10 is respectively connected with a power supply 30 and the monitoring unit 20, the monitoring unit 20 is also connected with a charging switch 31, and a connection point a of the connection detection circuit 10 and the power supply 30 is positioned at the upstream of the charging switch 31; the connection detection circuit 10 comprises a high-low voltage conversion unit 13, a rectification unit 14, a photoelectric coupler 11 and a connection switch 12, wherein the high-low voltage conversion unit 13 is respectively connected with the power supply 30, the connection switch 12 and the rectification unit 14, the rectification unit 14 is also connected with the photoelectric coupler 11 and the connection switch 12, the photoelectric coupler 11 and the connection switch 12 are also connected with the monitoring unit 20, and a first contact B1 and a second contact B3 in the connection switch 12 are used for being connected with the electric automobile 40; the monitoring unit 20 is used for controlling the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 to be connected with the power supply 30 when the charging switch 31 is turned off, and enabling the photoelectric coupler 11 to be conducted when the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 are connected with the electric automobile 40, so that the photoelectric coupler 11 outputs a first level; the monitoring unit 20 is further configured to receive a first level output by the photocoupler 11, control the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 to be disconnected from the power supply 30 according to the first level, and control the charging switch 31 to be closed, so as to charge the electric vehicle 40.
Specifically, the high-low voltage conversion unit 13 may convert the high voltage into the low voltage, thereby supplying power to the electric vehicle 40. After the alternating current power grid is introduced, the high-low voltage conversion unit 13 changes high voltage into low voltage, and plays a role in isolation from the alternating current power grid. Wherein, the alternating current is converted by the high-low voltage conversion unit 13 to obtain a safe alternating voltage. Alternatively, the high-low voltage conversion unit 13 may be a transformer T1 shown in fig. 2, such as a power transformer, a coupling transformer, a voltage regulating transformer, and the like.
Through the conversion of high-low voltage converting unit 13 to the voltage, when detecting whether electric automobile 40 is connected with electric automobile battery charging outfit, at electric automobile battery charging outfit's output, because output voltage is lower and safe, there is not the potential safety hazard to the contact.
The rectifying unit 14 comprises a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a voltage dividing resistor R1 and a filter capacitor E1. The rectifying unit 14 can perform functions of converting alternating current into direct current and filtering.
The photocoupler 11 is a contactless switch including a control terminal and an output terminal. The control terminal (input terminal) of the photocoupler 11 is a light emitting source (such as a light emitting diode), and the output terminal is a light receiving device (such as a photoelectric receiving tube). When the control end (input end) of the photoelectric coupler 11 has current to make the light emitting source emit light, the light receiving device is conducted when receiving the light signal, the output end outputs low level, that is, the point 6 outputs low level, and when the light signal is not received, the point 6 outputs high level.
The connection switch 12 is a relay K1. As shown in fig. 2, when the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 are connected with the power supply 30, the point a1 is connected with the first contact B1, the point a2 is connected with the second contact B3, and when the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 are disconnected with the power supply 30, the point a1 is disconnected from the first contact B1, and the point a2 is disconnected from the second contact B3.
Specifically, in the electric vehicle charging apparatus, the connection detection circuit 10 detects a connection state between the electric vehicle 40 and the electric vehicle charging apparatus, and the monitoring unit 20 controls the charging switch 31 and the connection switch 12 in the connection detection circuit 10, so that when the electric vehicle 40 is reliably connected with the electric vehicle charging apparatus, the electric vehicle charging apparatus charges the electric vehicle 40.
When the charging switch 31 is turned off, because the connection point a of the connection detection circuit 10 and the power supply 30 is located upstream of the charging switch 31, when the monitoring unit 20 controls the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 in the connection switch 12 to be connected with the electric vehicle 40, the power supply 30, the connection detection circuit 10 and the electric vehicle 40 form a conductive loop, so that the photocoupler 11 is turned on, the photocoupler 11 outputs a first level, which may be a low level for example, and the monitoring unit 20 receives and detects the first level, determines that the electric vehicle 40 and the electric vehicle charging device are reliably connected through the first level, and at this time, the electric vehicle charging device can charge the electric vehicle 40. The monitoring unit 20 controls the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 to be disconnected from the power supply 30 and controls the charging switch 31 to be closed, and the electric vehicle 40 starts charging.
After the electric vehicle 40 and the electric vehicle charging device are reliably connected, the monitoring unit 20 controls the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 to be disconnected from the power supply 30, so that the voltage at the output end of the electric vehicle charging device is prevented from flowing back to the input end of the electric vehicle charging device through the connection switch 12 after the electric vehicle 40 starts to be charged, and the connection detection circuit 10 is prevented from being damaged.
The electric automobile charging equipment that this embodiment provided, through the control of monitor unit to charging switch and connect linked switch in the detection circuitry, let in and be in the connected state between electric automobile and the electric automobile charging equipment through the voltage conversion of connecting the high low voltage conversion unit in the detection circuitry, the alternating current-direct current conversion of rectifier unit and the detection to optoelectronic coupler output level after the alternating current electric wire netting to realize charging equipment to electric automobile charging service.
The following describes a specific implementation process of the present invention in detail with reference to fig. 2 and 3. In the following embodiment, the power source 30 is an ac power source, and a single-phase ac power is selected for illustration, where L is a live line and N is a neutral line. Those skilled in the art can understand that the present embodiment is also applicable to three-phase alternating current, and the specific embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, and the detailed description of the present embodiment is omitted here.
First, when the electric vehicle 40 is not connected, the charging switch 31 is in an off state, and at this time, the monitoring unit 20 controls the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 to be connected to the power supply 30, and when the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 are not connected to the electric vehicle 40, the photocoupler 11 is not turned on, and the photocoupler 11 outputs a second level; and the monitoring unit 20 is further configured to receive the second level output by the photocoupler 11, and confirm that the electric vehicle 40 is not connected with the electric vehicle charging equipment according to the second level.
Specifically, when the electric vehicle 40 is not connected, the charging switch 31 is turned off, the monitoring unit 20 controls the point a1 to be connected to the first contact B1, the point a2 to be connected to the second contact B3, the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 to be disconnected from the electric vehicle 40, and when the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 are not connected to the electric vehicle 40, the photocoupler 11 is not turned on, the output terminal of the photocoupler 11 outputs the second level, and the output terminal of the photocoupler 11 is connected to the receiving terminal of the monitoring unit 20 due to the pull-up resistor at the receiving terminal of the monitoring unit 20, so that the second level is high. The monitoring unit 20 receives the high level output from the photo-coupler 11, thereby confirming that the electric vehicle 40 is not connected to the electric vehicle charging apparatus according to the high level.
Then, when the electric vehicle 40 is accessed, the electric vehicle 40 may be considered as the input capacitance C1. Alternating voltage is input at the point 1 and the point 2, and the safe alternating voltage with the effective value of 12V is obtained after isolation and voltage conversion are carried out by the transformer T1. The output of the transformer T1 passes through the relay K1, the input capacitor C1 of the electric vehicle 40, the crystal diodes D2 and D3/or the crystal diodes D4 and D1, the voltage dividing resistor R1, and the photoelectric coupler 11 to form a loop, so that the photoelectric coupler 11 is turned on, the output end of the photoelectric coupler 11 outputs a first level, the first level is a low level, that is, the point 6 outputs a low level, and when the monitoring unit 20 detects the low level, it is determined that the electric vehicle charging apparatus is connected to the electric vehicle 40.
Then, the electric vehicle 40 is charged. The monitoring unit 20 controls the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 to be disconnected from the power supply 30 according to the first level, and controls the charging switch 31 to be closed to charge the electric vehicle 40.
Specifically, when the electric vehicle 40 starts to be charged, the monitoring unit 20 controls the point a1 to be disconnected from the first contact B1 and the point a2 to be disconnected from the second contact B3, so that the relay K1 is in a floating state. Then, the monitoring unit 20 controls the charging switch 31 to be closed, and can detect that the current is output from the output end of the charging equipment of the electric automobile.
The monitoring unit 20 controls the point a1 to be disconnected from the first contact B1, and the point a2 to be disconnected from the second contact B3, so as to avoid the voltage at the output end of the electric vehicle charging device from flowing back to the input end of the electric vehicle charging device through the connection switch 12, which may damage the connection detection circuit 10.
Finally, when the electric vehicle 40 is completely charged or the electric vehicle 40 is disconnected from the electric vehicle charging apparatus halfway, the monitoring unit 20 controls the charging switch 31 to be turned off and controls the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 to be connected to the power supply 30 when it detects that the current at the output end of the electric vehicle charging apparatus disappears.
Specifically, when the electric vehicle 40 is charged or the electric vehicle 40 is disconnected halfway from the electric vehicle charging apparatus, the current at the output end of the electric vehicle charging apparatus disappears, the monitoring unit 20 detects that the electric vehicle charging apparatus has no output end current, the monitoring unit 20 controls the charging switch 31 to be disconnected and controls the point a1 to be connected with the first contact B1, the point a2 to be connected with the second contact B3, and the first contact B1 and the second contact B3 to be connected with the electric vehicle 40, so as to detect the connection state of the electric vehicle 40 and the electric vehicle charging apparatus next time.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment may implement the connection between the electric vehicle charging apparatus and the electric vehicle 40 through the interface 50. As shown in fig. 3.
The electric automobile charging equipment that this embodiment provided still includes: an interface 50 for connection with the electric vehicle 40, the interface 50 being connected with the power supply 30, and the connection switch 12 being disposed upstream of the interface 50.
Specifically, the connection point b of the connection switch 12 and the power supply 30 of the present embodiment is located upstream of the interface 50, and the interface 50 may be used for connecting the electric vehicle charging apparatus and the electric vehicle 40. The electric automobile charging equipment can select a power supply interface, and the power supply interface can be a power supply socket or a power supply plug. The electric vehicle 40 may be a vehicle interface, which may be a vehicle socket or a vehicle plug. There are three connection modes between the power supply interface and the vehicle interface.
Connection mode 1: the electric automobile charging equipment adopts a power supply socket, and the electric automobile 40 adopts a power supply plug to connect the electric automobile charging equipment with the electric automobile 40.
Connection mode 2: the electric automobile charging equipment adopts a power supply plug, and the electric automobile 40 adopts a vehicle socket to connect the electric automobile charging equipment with the electric automobile 40.
Connection mode 3: the electric vehicle charging equipment adopts a power supply socket, the electric vehicle 40 adopts a vehicle socket, and the movable cable assembly with a power supply plug and a vehicle plug is used for connecting the electric vehicle 40 charging equipment with the electric vehicle 40.
Optionally, the electric vehicle charging apparatus provided in this embodiment further includes: and a control pilot circuit 21, one end of the control pilot circuit 21 being connected to the interface 50.
Specifically, the control pilot circuit 21 in this embodiment may be integrated into the monitoring unit 20, as shown in fig. 3, or may be separately disposed outside the monitoring unit 20, and the output end of the control pilot circuit is connected to the power supply interface of the electric vehicle charging device. The electric vehicle 40 having the control guidance function can directly determine the connection state of the electric vehicle charging equipment and the electric vehicle 40 through the control guidance circuit 21. For the electric vehicle 40 not having the control guidance function, the connection detection circuit 10 may determine the connection state between the electric vehicle charging apparatus and the electric vehicle 40.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.