CN108056103A - A kind of Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation and its application in potato disease control - Google Patents

A kind of Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation and its application in potato disease control Download PDF

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CN108056103A
CN108056103A CN201610978608.0A CN201610978608A CN108056103A CN 108056103 A CN108056103 A CN 108056103A CN 201610978608 A CN201610978608 A CN 201610978608A CN 108056103 A CN108056103 A CN 108056103A
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potato
oligosaccharides
complex preparation
portugal
application
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CN108056103B (en
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尹恒
王文霞
赵小明
李悝悝
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06Coating or dressing seed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08Immunising seed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/08Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A01N31/16Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system with two or more oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached to the same aromatic ring system

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation, oligosaccharides containing Portugal and botanical fungicide in the complex preparation.Portugal's oligosaccharides accounts for the weight percent of complex preparation as 0.025% 0.1%.Botanical fungicide accounts for the weight percent of complex preparation as 0.05% 0.1%.The complex preparation can be used for the prevention of the late blight of potato, it can be dressed seed before potato planting using the complex preparation to kind, it is used for multiple times in Seedling Stage, tuber initiation stage, the late blight of potato can effectively be prevented, slow down the drug-fast generation of germ, strong for the generation controllability of disease, risk is smaller, has good development prospect.

Description

A kind of Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation and its application in potato disease control
Technical field
The present invention relates to potato disease prevention and control fields, especially relate to a kind of Portugal's oligosaccharides for preventing the late blight of potato Complex preparation and its application process.
Background technology
Potato is the fourth-largest crop in the world, due to yield is high, breeding time is short, it is adaptable, full of nutrition and The features such as widely used, progressively becomes worldwide agricultural resource and a variety of industrial processes raw materials.China is potato planting The first big country, produce area and the yield Jun Zhan worlds about a quarter.It is shown according to Ministry of Agriculture's data, China potato in 2014 Cultivated area is up to 5,570,000 hectares (83,550,000 mus).Pest and disease damage harm is subjected to during potato growth, to yield and matter Amount causes to seriously affect.The late blight of potato is one of its Major Diseases, is a kind of destructive disease, the disease epidemic rate is fast, Damaging range is wide, can result in potato haulm, dead and stem tuber rots.The disease has in each potato main producing region in the world at present Occur and popular, harmfulness, difficulty of prevention and cure and the influence caused by society more than rice blast and wheat rust, become complete The first big crop disease of ball, according to statistics, economic loss (direct losses and medicament are spent) is high caused by late blight every year in the whole world Up to hundred million dollars of 30-50.At present, due to main cultivation Potato Cultivars, not anti-late blight, grower are mainly prevented using chemical method mostly Control the disease.However, the long-time service of chemical pesticide can cause environmental pollution, pesticide residue, will also drug-fast strain be caused to produce The problems such as raw and cross resistance.In addition, the chemical prevention and control of the late blight of potato need the period of grasping the key link, however medication time is very Hardly possible is held, and medication can then cause plant disease epidemic, cause heavy losses not in time.
β-Portugal's oligosaccharides can induce various plants generate resistance, the plant reported at present include tobacco, arabidopsis, rice, Grape etc., but structure it is different β-Portugal's oligosaccharides it is very big to the inducing action difference of different plants, such as have branched structure β -1,3 β -1,6 Portugal, seven sugar can induce soybean and generate protective plant protecting agent, and linear β -1,6- Portugal oligosaccharides are then without this inducing action.Linear β -1,3 Portugal's oligosaccharides can induce tobacco and tomato generates resistance, and act on unobvious to parsley.At present, the β in kelp source-Portugal's oligosaccharides by It develops as biological pesticide, and obtains the approval registration of Environmental Protection Agency.However, the kelp in China marine site is grown in compared with Europe For the Laminaria digitata of continent, laminarin content is relatively low, only accounts for the 0.5-1% of dry weight, while purer laminarin is expensive, Developed is that there are raw materials and the inferior position of price for biological pesticide.Curdlan polysaccharide is water-insoluble glucan, is that glucose is residual The linear molecule that base is formed by β -1,3 glucosides key connections is fermented by Agrobacterium sp. and generated, is to pass through U.S. FDA Approval can be used as the microbial polysaccharide that food additives use, using its for raw material preparation low molecular weight Portugal's oligosaccharides biological pesticide and Portugal's oligosaccharides in other sources, which is compared, has with short production cycle, low-cost advantage.
Recent research report, can Derain oligosaccharides can induce potato leaf cell generate defense reaction.And Before P.infestans infection 1d using can Derain oligosaccharides processing potato leaf, 2 weeks rear blades damage ratio and drop to 7.79% ± 3.03%, and compare blade injury area ratio and reach 15.82% ± 5.44%, can Derain oligosaccharides handle preventive effect up to 50%, However compared with conventional chemical medicament drug effect, also there is very big gap, cannot still reach the degree of actual Field information.
The technical issues of for above-mentioned late blight of potato chemistry prevention and control and can Derain oligosaccharides the late blight of potato is prevented The effect controlled and deficiency, the purpose of the present invention be intended to by can Derain oligosaccharides compounded with botanical fungicide, acquisition can be effective The complex preparation of the late blight of potato is prevented, the biological prevention and control of the late blight of potato is realized, overcomes the existing late blight of potato The defects of learning Control Technology.
Currently used for late blight of potato prevention can Derain oligosaccharides and bactericide complex preparation research and development Using yet there are no document and patent report.Can Derain oligosaccharides and botanical fungicide derive from natural products, there is safety, ring The features such as guarantor, low-residual, prevents for the late blight of potato, more advantageous for other means.The present invention in line with Prevention thought that is environmentally protective, putting prevention first, it is desirable to provide a kind of to meet environmental requirement, effectively prevent the late blight of potato Biological Control Technology.
The content of the invention:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation and its applications in the late blight of potato is prevented.
To achieve the above object, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Oligosaccharides complex preparation in Portugal's of the present invention, the liquid preparation mixed by Portugal's oligosaccharides and botanical fungicide. Wherein concentration of Portugal's oligosaccharides in complex preparation is 250-1000mg/L, and concentration of the botanical fungicide in complex preparation is 500mg-1000mg/L。
Portugal's oligosaccharides in complex preparation of the present invention for enzymolysis prepare can Derain oligosaccharides, average molecular weight 500- 5000Da。
Contained botanical fungicide is matrine, eugenol, Sophora alopecuroide alkali, tripterygium wilfordii in complex preparation of the present invention One or two or more kinds in alkali.
Complex preparation of the present invention, available for the late blight of potato is prevented, according to controlling object, environmental condition, prevention The factors such as method, cost accounting will be made agriculturally available containing Portugal's oligosaccharides and botanical fungicide with appropriate auxiliary material Meaning dosage form;Preferred dosage form is suspending agent, water dispersible granules.
Complex preparation of the present invention, prevention late blight of potato specific method is, with the complex preparation to horse before plantation Bell potato kind is dressed seed, and dosage is 1-2L/100kg potato seed strippings and slicings.2-3 is sprayed again in Seedling Stage and tuber initiation stage afterwards Secondary, each Application is 30-50L/ mus.
The present invention has the advantage that and advantageous effect:
(1) oligosaccharides complex preparation in Portugal's provided by the invention, considered Plant-induced resistance and antibacterial both sides because Element.It is handled by Portugal's oligosaccharides, induces the resistance of potato;It is handled by fungicide, suppresses growth of microorganism and breed, integrate More preferable control effect is arrived, in the embodiment carried out, effect is better than existing commercial reagents treatment effect.
(2) used in complex preparation provided by the invention can Derain oligosaccharides belong to natural products, used fungicide Belong to plant source source, for preventing the late blight of potato in use, environmentally safe, to human body without health hazard.And It is compared using fungicide merely, fungicide usage amount used declines to a great extent.
(3) complex preparation provided by the present invention, in seed potato sowing time, Seedling Stage, tuber initiation stage and harvest Phase is used for multiple times.It is simple with method of administration, the advantage of application at low cost, easy to spread.Compared with prior art, prevent be It is main, it is aided with botanical fungicide, can starts in terms of improving disease resistance of plant and reducing pathogen quantity two, obtains significant increase Effect acts on, and not only overcomes the defects of oligosaccharides inducer function is single, while is greatly reduced the usage amount of chemical pesticide, improves Pesticide supplying effect, drug cost reduce, and slow down drug-fast generation, and strong for the generation controllability of disease, risk is smaller, have good Good development prospect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stages of labor situation statistical chart that various concentration Portugal oligosaccharides induces potato suspension cell hydrogen peroxide;
Fig. 2 is the expression figure that Portugal's oligosaccharides (500mg/L) induces potato suspension cell neutral and alkali dextranase;
Fig. 3 is the expression figure that Portugal's oligosaccharides (500mg/L) induces potato suspension cell neutral and alkali chitinase.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1:The anti-late blight experiment of Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation induction potato tubers
The potato tubers of fresh and healthy is taken, impregnating 10min with 2%NaClO after cleaning carries out showing to sterilize, afterwards with nothing The NaClO of bacterium water wash and remove residual is cut into 2.0cm × 2.0cm × 0.5cm fritters with sterile cutter, uses aseptic deionized water Cleaning 3 times, residual moisture content is sucked with the filter paper of sterilizing.10mlL Portugals oligosaccharides complex preparation is taken to be placed in sterilized 9cm surface plates In, potato fritter one end about 2mm (induction end) is impregnated wherein 30min.Simultaneously using sterile water process potato tubers as Control, every group 6 parallel.Then stem tuber surface residual exciton is rinsed well with sterile water, and is blotted with the filter paper of sterilizing Remained on surface moisture content.Be placed in it is sterilized be covered in the culture dish of filter paper, 20 degree of constant incubator dark moisturizing cultures are for 24 hours.
Phytophthora infestans sporangia suspension is taken to be diluted under 10 times of magnifying glasses each 20-30, visual field sporangium.Take 20uL It is inoculated in the non-induced end center of the potato tubers after complex preparation processing for 24 hours.Moisturizing culture in 20 degree of constant incubators.After 7d Induced resistant effect is observed, calculates disease index.
Disease index grade scale is:
0 grade:Without mycelial growth on stem tuber;
1 grade:Mycelium on stem tuber is not as it can be seen that there is tissue degradation;
2 grades:Mycelium covers the half of stem tuber area on stem tuber, tissue degradation does not occur;
3 grades;Mycelium covers entire stem tuber, without or there is slight tissue degradation;
4 grades:Mycelium covers entire stem tuber, and tissue degradation is serious.
Disease index=∑ (the sick series × disease grade block number)/investigation sum × highest disease series) × 100%
Induced resistant effect=(control disease index-processing disease index)/control disease index × 100%
1. Portugal's oligosaccharides of table and matrine compound preparation specific formula and control effect
2. Portugal's oligosaccharides of table and eugenol complex preparation specific formula and control effect
3. Portugal's oligosaccharides of table and Sophora alopecuroide alkali complex preparation specific formula and control effect:
Complex preparation Disease index % Induced resistant effect %
Portugal oligosaccharides 250mg/L Sophora alopecuroide alkali 500mg/L 24.2 71.53
Sophora alopecuroide alkali 750mg/L 21.8 74.35
Sophora alopecuroide alkali 1000mg/L 24.3 71.41
Portugal oligosaccharides 500mg/L Sophora alopecuroide alkali 500mg/L 21.5 74.71
Sophora alopecuroide alkali 750mg/L 22.6 73.41
Sophora alopecuroide alkali 1000mg/L 26.3 69.06
Portugal oligosaccharides 250mg/L 58.7 30.94
Portugal oligosaccharides 500mg/L 39.2 53.88
Sophora alopecuroide alkali 500mg/L 49.0 42.35
Sophora alopecuroide alkali 750mg/L 44.5 47.65
Sophora alopecuroide alkali 1000mg/L 42.6 49.88
Clear water compares 85.0 0.00
4. Portugal's oligosaccharides of table and wilfordine complex preparation specific formula and control effect
Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation induces the anti-late blight experimental result of potato tubers as shown in table 1-4, clear water control group For disease index up to more than 85%, Portugal's oligosaccharides individually induces preventive effect about 50% of the processing potato tubers to epidemic disease, Portugal's oligosaccharides compounding After preparation induction processing, preventive effect dramatically increases, and reaches as high as 83%, display complex preparation has induction potato ball well Stem resists the ability that epidemic disease infects.
2. Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation induction anti-phytophthora infestans of potato plant of embodiment
Potato plant (7-8 weeks) blade surface is cleaned with deionized water, Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation is used after naturally dry Induction processing is carried out to potato plant blade face, each derivant handles 3 plants and is used as parallel laboratory test.Induction 24 after use concentration for 105The P.infestans spore suspensions sprinkling potato plant of/mL.Induced resistant effect evaluation is using blade injury area ratio It calculates, each processing group, which amounts to, samples 30 blades.After P.infestans spore suspension potato-infectings blade 2 weeks, Blade injury area is counted, concrete outcome is as shown in the table.2 weeks rear blade damaged area ratios of clear water control group reach 25.31% ± 3.44%, and 1d handles blade, 2 weeks rear blade damages using Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation before P.infestans infection Hinder ratio to decline to a great extent, preventive effect 78%-91%.
5. Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation induction anti-phytophthora infestans of potato plant of table
Processing Blade injury area ratio % Preventive effect
Clear water compares 25.31±3.44
250ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm matrines 4.89±1.11 80.68
500ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm matrines 3.77±1.65 85.10
250ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm eugenols 2.83±1.31 88.82
500ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm eugenols 2.18±1.17 91.39
250ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm Sophora alopecuroide alkali 3.34±1.02 86.80
500ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm Sophora alopecuroide alkali 3.03±1.27 88.03
250ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm wilfordines 5.35±2.88 78.86
500ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm wilfordines 4.01±3.15 84.16
250ppm Portugals oligosaccharides 13.90±3.03 45.08
500ppm Portugals oligosaccharides 12.89±2.75 49.07
750ppm matrines 19.92±3.25 21.30
750ppm eugenols 19.48±2.64 23.03
750ppm Sophora alopecuroide alkali 18.97±3.37 25.05
750ppm wilfordines 20.20±2.91 20.19
Embodiment 3. Portugals oligosaccharides complex preparation cell prevention late blight of potato experiment
Xianyang, Shanxi province city Yangling District is experimental field located at, Potato Cultivars are heatstroke 9.The potato sowing date is 2014 May in year, thickness of sowing are 3500 plants/acre, row spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, stripping and slicing sowing.It is special that high concentration potato is applied during plantation Fertilizer, all experimental plot cultivation conditions and management measure are consistent.
Experiment sets 8 complex preparation processing, specifically see the table below, separately sets the blank control of spray clear water, 75% Mancozeb For positive control.3 repetitions are often handled, using RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, totally 30 cells, each plot area 30m2, the gross area 900m2.Minizone and the experimental field isolation strip of surrounding setting 0.6m wide.
Potato seed is handled, and potato seed is immersed 30min in the processing preparation before sowing, is deposited in dry place and is dried in the air naturally Dry, the potato seed cutting that 50g is will be greater than before sowing is the potato wedge of 20-30g, and each potato wedge carries bud eye.
Seedling is handled, after the seedling length that bud eye is grown is 5-10cm, to described in seedling and the sprinkling of surrounding soil Handle preparation, every 10 square metres of field sprinkling 0.6L preparations;
Tuber initiation stage processing, in tuber character initial stage (squaring period) and tuber character peak period (florescence) to plant and its week The soil enclosed sprays the processing preparation, every 10 square metres of field sprinkling 0.6L preparations.
It carries out Disease investigation within 7 days after last time dispenser, is investigated per cell using 5 point samplings, every is investigated 3 plants, often Plant lower part, each 10 leaves in middle part and top are investigated in strain respectively, record sick leaf classification.Grade scale:0 grade, without any symptom;
1 grade, there are indivedual scabs on blade
3 grades, 1/3 blade has scab
5 grades, there is scab on 1/3-1/2 blades
7 grades, 1/2-2/3 blades are susceptible
9 grades, 2/3 is susceptible with blade
It calculates disease index and disease refers to preventive effect, and otherness is carried out using SPS editions softwares to the preventive effect data of different disposal Analysis.
Disease index=[∑ (morbidity series × at different levels represent numerical value)/(investigation total number of sheets × 9)] × 100
Control effect (%)=(blank district disease index-chemicals treatment district disease index)/blank district state of an illness Index × 100
Harvest time surveys production method:Each cell eliminates edge effect and continuous 20 plants of different location is taken to survey production, is repeated 3 times, Potato wedge is divided into 2 rank records of yampi and small potato, small potato is less than 100g, and yampi is more than or equal to 100g, calculates yield, units increased in production With yampi rate of growth.Simultaneously to counting rotten potato rate
6. Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation of table is to the field efficacy of the late blight of potato
Processing Disease index % Preventive effect %
Clear water compares 44.59
500ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm matrines 3.45 92.26
500ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm eugenols 2.87 94.46
500ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm Sophora alopecuroide alkali 3.05 93.16
500ppm Portugals oligosaccharides+750ppm wilfordines 3.68 91.75
500ppm Portugals oligosaccharides 23.75 46.74
750ppm matrines 22.52 49.50
750ppm eugenols 10.74 75.91
750ppm Sophora alopecuroide alkali 12.15 72.75
750ppm wilfordines 13.64 69.41
75% 800 times of Mancozeb dilutes 8.85 80.15
Influence of the 7. Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation prevention late blight of potato of table to yield
Investigation result shows Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation to by potato late blight as shown in table 6-7, by field plot trial The preventive effect of disease is more than 90%, higher than common 75% Mancozeb of pesticide control in production.Treated for Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation The rotten potato rate of potato declines to a great extent, and yield significantly improves.
4. Portugal's oligosaccharides induction potato leaf cell of embodiment generates the effect of defence response
Using specificity fluorescent probe 2', 7'- the dichlorofluorescin diethylester of hydrogen peroxide, suspended with potato thin Born of the same parents are experiment material, and after having detected the oligosaccharides processing of various concentration Portugal with fluorescence microplate reader, the content of cellular superoxide hydrogen measures knot Fruit is as shown below, and Portugal's oligosaccharides of 250ppm to 1000ppm concentration can significantly induce the generation of hydrogen peroxide.Portugal is few simultaneously Sugar can also induce the expression of potato suspension cell pathogenesis-related proteins, wherein dextranase after treatment in 48-96h significantly Increase, these are the experimental results showed that Portugal's oligosaccharides can activate the defense reaction of potato suspension cell.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of Portugal's oligosaccharides complex preparation, it is characterised in that:Complex preparation is mixed by Portugal's oligosaccharides and botanical fungicide Liquid preparation, wherein concentration of Portugal's oligosaccharides in complex preparation are 250-1000mg/L, and botanical fungicide is in complex preparation Concentration be 500mg-1000mg/L.
2. complex preparation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Portugal's oligosaccharides can Derain widow for enzymolysis preparation Sugar, average molecular weight 500-5000Da.
3. complex preparation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the botanical fungicide is matrine, clove tree One or two or more kinds in phenol, Sophora alopecuroide alkali, wilfordine.
4. a kind of application of any complex preparations of claim 1-3 in potato disease control.
5. the application of complex preparation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The prevention potato disease is prevention horse Bell potato late blight.
6. the application of complex preparation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:According to controlling object, environmental condition, prevention The factors such as method, cost accounting will be made agriculturally available containing Portugal's oligosaccharides and botanical fungicide with appropriate auxiliary material Meaning dosage form;Preferred dosage form is suspending agent, water dispersible granules.
7. the application of complex preparation according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The method of the prevention late blight of potato To be dressed seed before plantation with the drug to potato kind;It is sprayed 2-3 times again in Seedling Stage and tuber initiation stage afterwards.
8. the application of complex preparation according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:With the drug to potato kind before plantation It is 1-2L/100kg potato seed strippings and slicings to carry out seed dressing dosage;It is afterwards 30- in Seedling Stage and each Application of tuber initiation stage 50L/ mus.
CN201610978608.0A 2016-11-08 2016-11-08 Glucosaccharide compound preparation and application thereof in potato disease prevention and control Active CN108056103B (en)

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