CN108054520A - Spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit - Google Patents
Spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108054520A CN108054520A CN201711186117.3A CN201711186117A CN108054520A CN 108054520 A CN108054520 A CN 108054520A CN 201711186117 A CN201711186117 A CN 201711186117A CN 108054520 A CN108054520 A CN 108054520A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- phased array
- inverted
- antenna element
- guide unit
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
- H01Q21/0068—Dielectric waveguide fed arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/06—Waveguide mouths
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit proposed by the present invention, can be integral by rectangular waveguide and coaxial connector using the present invention, reduce the assembly complexity of antenna, improve the reliability of product.The technical scheme is that：Waveguide medium plug (2) is located in antenna element waveguide tube shell (1) in the Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media filled cavity stepped hole of physics /V, and higher than upper surface port, the concordant above-mentioned rectangular cavity step of inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body (3), inverted L-shaped bending probe conductor (5) bending segment passes through antenna element waveguide tube shell (1) pipe shaft radial hole, it is limited in by inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body (3) vertical wall on the central axes of waveguide, the Probe medium plunger (4) assembled by lower section necking down hole is directed toward lower port.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the phased array Wave guide unit antennas used in a kind of spaceborne TTC ＆ DT Systems.
Background technology
With the development of current low orbit satellite, with the data transmission rates demands of earth station and high-speed aircraft increasingly
It is high.The antennas such as now widely used mechanical movable reflecting surface, mechano-electronic mixed sweep cannot meet use demand.And two
Dimension phased array number, which passes antenna, can quickly establish link, realize fast Acquisition and the tracking of communication target, and with reliability
The advantages that high, with the reduction of chip price, is with a wide range of applications.
Phased array antenna is the directional aerial being made of many radiating elements, ripple when making linear gradient according to bore field phase
Beam generates the principle of offset, and the method controlled with electronic computer changes the radiation field phase of unit in array, makes wave beam
Generate scanning.Phased array antenna is made of substantial amounts of antenna element, in array antenna system, each antenna element
It is opening circuit, is influenced each other between each unit by electromagnetic coupling effect, particularly when in small distance between unit, coupling
Cooperation is with very important.Due to the influence of mutual coupling effect, when array antenna received signals, the radiation of phased array antenna unit is special
Property, impedance operator will all change, and the variation of input impedance can cause the mismatch of radiating element and feeding network, cause letter
The loss of number power can cause phased array antenna " blind spot " effect occur when scanning so that antenna cisco unity malfunction when serious.
Due to the presence of the mutual coupling effect between unit so that the input impedance of unit, the radiation characteristic of antenna and polarization characteristic are subject to shadow
It rings, the input impedance of particularly unit can change with the variation of the scan angle of antenna.Phased array array plane is daily by sunshine
Variation, causes temperature change so as to cause each unit inside semiconductor device phase offset, physical distortion of phased array plane etc..
The form of common phased array antenna unit is diversified, usually there is dielectric-loaded rectangular wareguide, micro-strip patch
A variety of patterns such as piece, microstrip dipole, Waveguide slot.The characteristics of different antenna elements is different.Rectangular waveguide antenna element
Although surface sweeping angle it is very wide, it is poor with the matching of free space.Due to symmetrical configuration and dual polarization characteristic, circle ripple
Circular polarization antenna array can more easily be formed by leading.But due to the general character of waveguide radiator so that the radiation of circular polarized antenna
The matching of mouth face and free space is worse, because relatively good matching, entelechy must will be obtained in two polarization directions
The circular waveguide antenna of change is more difficult than the matching of rectangular waveguide antenna.People have attempted many methods and have gone improvement circular waveguide phased
The bandwidth and scan performance of battle array radiating element, such as add medium plug, wide angle matching layer, metallic membrane in the waveguide.Traditional is double
Each polarization mode cross polarization of poled waveguide slot array is all poor, and polarization interport isolation is not high, especially vertical pole
Change wave beam when carrying out wide-angle scanning, be susceptible to secondary secondary lobe.The gain of antenna caused by the deformation quantity meeting of antenna structure
Loss and minor level variation.For Waveguide slot power splitter, the standing-wave ratio of main waveguide by gap effect of distance, if
Gap spacing value is improper, and main waveguide may be made to generate very big standing-wave ratio, therefore, need to select rational gap spacing with
It avoids generating bigger standing wave value in the main waveguide of power splitter.Usual Waveguide slot spacing is taken slightly more or less than half
Waveguide wavelength.Wa-veguide Slot-Array Antennas mode has extremely salient feature compared to other array antennas, easily controlled
Aperture distribution and high-gain make it easier to realize low or ultralow side lobe, along with it is light-weight and at low cost the features such as allow this battle array
Array antenna mode is commonly utilized in the Antenna Design of the radars such as ground radar.
Phased array antenna realizes that number passes function for a long time in order to as early as possible, it is desirable to be able to realize two-dimentional large-angle scanning.It is required that
Radiating element wave beam in two dimensional phased array antenna is wide, and structure size is small, usually less than half-wavelength.Frequency used in communication at present
Rate is higher and higher, and antenna size becomes less and less accordingly, and the requirement to processing technology is also higher and higher, resistance to space environment
Safeguard procedures are more limited.
Antenna element is the most important component of phased array antenna.The selection of antenna element depends primarily upon phased array day
The electrical performance indexes such as working frequency, bandwidth of operation, the scanning angle of line, while also need to consider that the structural of different carriers platform will
It asks.It can be operated in there are many kinds of the antenna element forms in K frequency range two dimension large-angle scanning phased arrays, such as microband paste day
Line, vibrator type antenna, rectangular waveguide antenna etc..Micro-strip paster antenna uses printed circuit form, and handling ease is realized, still
Its with efficiency is low, narrow bandwidth, polarization isolation is low, space environment adaptability is poor the defects of.The space environment of element antenna
Adaptability is preferable, but for the application of higher frequency band, processing and assembly difficulty are larger.And radiating guide is because with higher work(
The advantages that rate capacity, relatively low cross polarization and higher radiation efficiency, is widely used in radar and the communications field.Waveguide
Mutual coupling between antenna element is all bigger, between antenna element this inevitable mutual coupling will generate following adverse effect：
The input impedance of antenna element is changed, deteriorates the mismatch condition of antenna element：Change effective width phase point of antenna aperture
Cloth；Mutual coupling with frequency variation so that the amendment of mutual coupling is relatively difficult in broadband range；In array element accessory structure
It is middle to introduce sensing electric current etc..In the design of phased array antenna, mutual coupling is the key technical problem that can not avoid.Existing waveguide
Antenna includes side feedback radiating guide and end feedback radiating guide, and feedback radiating guide processing in side is simple, but its structure design is unfavorable for reality
Antenna element radio frequency interconnection vertical with transmitting-receiving subassembly in the existing extensive phased array antenna of high band, thus side feedback radiating guide without
Method meets requirement.And existing end feedback radiating guide size is larger, coaxial its ruler of rectangular waveguide unit is presented at the end of loop coupling
It is very little to meet requirement.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the shortcoming of above-mentioned technology, provide that a kind of size is smaller, and processing is simple, assembling side
Just spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit.
The technical proposal for solving the technical problem of the invention is：A kind of spaceborne phased array waveguide day proposed by the present invention
Line unit, it is characterised in that including：Antenna element waveguide tube shell 1, waveguide medium plug 2, it is characterised in that：Waveguide medium plug 2
Antenna element waveguide tube shell 1 is located in in the Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media filled cavity stepped hole of physics /V, and higher than upper surface port,
The concordant above-mentioned rectangular cavity step of inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body 3,5 bending segment of inverted L-shaped bending probe conductor pass through antenna element waveguide
1 body radial hole of housing is limited on the central axes of waveguide by 3 vertical wall of inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body, passes through lower section necking down hole
The Probe medium plunger 4 of assembling is directed toward lower port.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with the prior art：
The present invention allows the longitudinal axis of coaxial line consistent with the waveguide cover longitudinal axis, simple in structure, compact, is the radio frequency of phased array antenna
Perpendicular interconnection provides facility.
The present invention by rectangular waveguide and coaxial connector integrated design, can reduce the assembly complexity of antenna, improve
The reliability of product.Antenna wave guide filled media selects the material of resistance to space environment, waveguide and waveguide filled media to be limited using physics
The mode of position is installed, Wave guide unit antenna by the way of spiral shell dress, meets the resistance to space environment requirement of antenna with antenna base.
The present invention is realized using the waveguide medium plug 2 in 1 rectangular cavity stepped hole of antenna element waveguide tube shell is located in
The miniaturization of element antenna bore, the signal of frequency is propagated in the waveguide by main mould needed for satisfaction.
Inverted L-shaped bending probe conductor is fixed on the center of the end face of 1 rectangular cavity of antenna element waveguide tube shell by the present invention
Centre, the wide wall of inverted L-shaped bending 1 rectangular cavity of probe conductor and antenna element waveguide tube shell have been bonded a magnetic coupling ring,
It is turned between the TEM mode of coaxial line and the TE10 patterns of rectangular waveguide millimeter wave energy by magnetic-coupled mode
It changes.Waveguide mouth face and the matching of free-space field are realized using waveguide medium plug 2.Broadband standing wave matching and width are realized simultaneously
Angle covering requirement, the height for being higher by waveguide, the size of waveguide for optimizing obtained waveguide filled media by Electromagnetic Simulation are big
The distance of small and probe short circuit point and wave guide wall, Wave guide unit antenna performance is excellent, in about 20% bandwidth range, input
Standing wave VSWR is less than 2, and directional diagram meets phased array antenna large-angle scanning requirement.
Description of the drawings
Implementation further illustrates patent of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the voltage standing wave ratio performance of Wave guide unit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the low-frequency gain directional diagram of Wave guide unit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the intermediate-frequency gain directional diagram of Wave guide unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the high-frequency gain directional diagram of Wave guide unit of the present invention.
In figure：1 antenna element waveguide tube shell, 2 waveguide medium plugs, 3 inverted L-shaped waveguide medium bodies, 4 Probe medium plungers, 5
Inverted L-shaped bends probe conductor（Inner wire）, 6 installation nuts.
Specific embodiment
Refering to Fig. 1, Fig. 2.In embodiment described below, functionally, Wave guide unit antenna is mainly same by end feedback
Axis waveguide switch and coated by dielectric rectangular radiation element are formed, and specifically Wave guide unit mainly includes：Antenna element waveguide
Tube shell 1, waveguide medium plug 2, inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body 3, Probe medium plunger 4, inverted L-shaped bending probe conductor 5 and installation spiral shell
Mother 6.Wherein, waveguide medium plug 2 is located in antenna element waveguide tube shell 1 with the Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media filled cavity stepped hole of physics /V
In, and higher than upper surface port, concordantly above-mentioned rectangular cavity step, inverted L-shaped bending probe conductor 5 are bent inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body 3
Section is limited in by 3 vertical wall of inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body in waveguide by 1 body radial hole of antenna element waveguide tube shell
On axis, the Probe medium plunger 4 assembled by lower section necking down hole is directed toward lower port.Waveguide medium plug 2 is using physics /V
It is assembled between mode and antenna element waveguide tube shell 1；Inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body 3 is located at antenna element waveguide tube shell 1
Lower section rectangular cavity in, and in 1 time rectangular cavity of fill antenna unit waveguide tube shell in addition to inverted L-shaped bending probe conductor 5
All areas.Inverted L-shaped bending probe conductor 5 is limited in the central axes of antenna element waveguide tube shell 1 by Probe medium plunger 4
On.1 lower end external screw thread of antenna element waveguide tube shell coordinates with installation nut 6, on antenna installing plate.Coaxial port is defeated
The signal entered first passes around waveguide coaxial connecter, and TE10 moulds are converted by TEM moulds, then carries out impedance by dielectric-filled waveguide
Match backward free space radiation linear polarised electromagnetic wave.
1 shape of antenna element waveguide tube shell be circular configuration, rectangular configuration Filled Dielectrics chamber surrounding chamfering, in order to add
Work.
Waveguide medium plug 2 uses quartz material.Inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body 3 and Probe medium plunger 4 are using opposite
Dielectric constant makes for 3.2~3.8 polyimide materials.
Antenna element waveguide tube shell 1 and inverted L-shaped bending probe conductor 5 are made of tin-phosphor bronze.Antenna element waveguide
The most thin 0.5mm of the wall thickness of tube shell 1, inverted L-shaped bend probe conductor 5 as coaxial stepped cylindrical probe, butt diameter 0.6mm,
The L shape of a diameter of 0.38mm. inverted L-shapeds bending probe conductor 5 of taper end may be employed specific purpose tool and be bent to form probe.Inverted L
The mode that laser welding may be employed between shape bending probe conductor 5 and antenna element waveguide tube shell 1 is attached.
Radiating guide unit is pacified material with antenna installing plate for the installation nut 6 of aluminium alloy in a manner of spiral shell dress
Dress.Below the antenna element waveguide tube shell 1 at rectangular cavity, housing exterior walls are put down along the milling of Guide of Wide Wall direction, left side wall thickness
0.8mm, right side wall thickness 0.5mm.A peace with the 1 shell complementation of antenna element waveguide tube shell is opened on antenna installing plate simultaneously
Hole is filled, ensures accurate, errorless, reliable installation between antenna element and antenna installing plate in a manner of mechanical restriction.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit, it is characterised in that including：Antenna element waveguide tube shell (1), waveguide are situated between
Matter plug (2), it is characterised in that：Waveguide medium plug (2) is located in antenna element waveguide tube shell (1) and is situated between with the rectangle of physics /V
In matter filled cavity stepped hole, and higher than upper surface port, the concordant above-mentioned rectangular cavity step of inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body (3), inverted L-shaped
Probe conductor (5) bending segment is bent by antenna element waveguide tube shell (1) pipe shaft radial hole, by inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body (3)
Vertical wall is limited on the central axes of waveguide, and the Probe medium plunger (4) assembled by lower section necking down hole is directed toward lower port.
2. spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Antenna element waveguide tube shell
(1) shape be circular configuration, rectangular configuration Filled Dielectrics chamber surrounding chamfering.
3. spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body (3)
In the lower section rectangular cavity of antenna element waveguide tube shell (1), and under fill antenna unit waveguide tube shell (1) in rectangular cavity
All area of space in addition to inverted L-shaped bending probe conductor (5).
4. spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Antenna element waveguide tube shell
(1) lower end external screw thread coordinates with installation nut (6), on antenna installing plate.
5. spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The signal of coaxial port input
Waveguide coaxial connecter is first passed around, TE10 moulds are converted by TEM moulds, it is backward then to carry out impedance matching by dielectric-filled waveguide
Free space radiates linear polarised electromagnetic wave.
6. spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Waveguide medium plug (2) uses
Quartz material.
7. spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Inverted L-shaped waveguide medium body (3)
With Probe medium plunger (4) relative dielectric constant is used to be made for 3.2~3.8 polyimide materials.
8. spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Antenna element waveguide tube shell
(1) made with inverted L-shaped bending probe conductor (5) of tin-phosphor bronze.
9. spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Antenna element waveguide tube shell
(1) the most thin 0.5mm of wall thickness, inverted L-shaped bend probe conductor (5) as coaxial stepped cylindrical probe, butt diameter 0.6mm, carefully
Hold a diameter of 0.38mm.
10. spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In antenna element waveguide
Below housing (1) at rectangular cavity, housing exterior walls are put down along the milling of Guide of Wide Wall direction, left side wall thickness 0.8mm, right side wall thickness 0.5mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711186117.3A CN108054520A (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | Spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711186117.3A CN108054520A (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | Spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108054520A true CN108054520A (en) | 2018-05-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711186117.3A Pending CN108054520A (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | Spaceborne phased array radiating guide unit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113258305A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-13 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Method for preparing high-frequency liquid crystal radiation area subarray of electric control holographic antenna |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140270917A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Apple Inc. | Dual antenna feed clip |
| CN105633542A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-06-01 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Broadband open-ended waveguide antenna |
-
2017
- 2017-11-23 CN CN201711186117.3A patent/CN108054520A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140270917A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Apple Inc. | Dual antenna feed clip |
| CN105633542A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-06-01 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Broadband open-ended waveguide antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| GUIHONG LI ET AL.: "CPW-Fed S-Shaped Slot Antenna for Broadband Circular Polarization", 《IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS》 * |
| 刘小龙 等: "Ｌ波段小型化同轴扩张型天线设计", 《强激光与粒子束》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113258305A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-13 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Method for preparing high-frequency liquid crystal radiation area subarray of electric control holographic antenna |
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Application publication date: 20180518 |