CN108052776B - Flood model construction and dynamic display method based on BIM and three-dimensional live-action model - Google Patents
Flood model construction and dynamic display method based on BIM and three-dimensional live-action model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flood model building and dynamic display method based on BIM and a three-dimensional live-action model, which comprises the steps of carrying out cross-platform technical fusion on a three-dimensional design platform, a geographic information platform, a hydrodynamic modeling platform and a three-dimensional live-action modeling platform, building a high-precision flood model by using the three-dimensional live-action model, and carrying out three-dimensional dynamic display; 1. producing a three-dimensional live-action model, a DEM and an orthoimage; 2. constructing and calculating a flood analysis model; 3. exporting and converting flood calculation results; 4. integrating the live-action model, the BIM design model and the flood calculation result; 5. and (5) three-dimensional dynamic display of flood results. According to the invention, a three-dimensional design platform, a geographic information platform, a hydrodynamic modeling platform, a three-dimensional visual rendering platform and the like are subjected to cross-platform technical fusion, a flood model is constructed on the basis of live-action model data produced by unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography, and the live-action model is superposed to carry out flood three-dimensional dynamic display, so that the precision of the flood model is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to application of a professional hydrodynamic model in hydraulic engineering, in particular to a flood model construction and dynamic display method based on BIM and a three-dimensional real scene model.
Background
The BIM is a building information model, is an expression form of a three-dimensional engineering design result, and is a design concept, method, flow and specification. The three-dimensional live-action model is a realistic three-dimensional live-action model which is constructed from a series of shot pictures by an unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography technology based on a set of air-to-three calculation algorithm and is finally obtained after the textures of the shot pictures are superposed; the hydrodynamic model is generally constructed based on professional hydrodynamic theoretical formulas such as a water flow energy equation and the like and is used for calculating and simulating the movement of river, sea and lake water flow. At present, in the aspect of building hydrodynamic models, particularly flood models, the hydrodynamic models are often built based on low-precision topographic maps, so that the hydrodynamic models are insufficient in model precision and display effect, and immersive and real flood simulation experience and experience cannot be brought to people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flood model construction and dynamic display method based on BIM and a three-dimensional live-action model, so that the flood model construction precision is greatly improved, and the flood submerging evolution display height vivid effect is achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the flood model building and dynamic display method based on the BIM and the three-dimensional live-action model is characterized in that a three-dimensional design platform, a geographic information platform, a hydrodynamic modeling platform and a three-dimensional live-action modeling platform are subjected to cross-platform technical fusion, a high-precision flood model is built by applying the three-dimensional live-action model, and three-dimensional dynamic display is carried out; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, three-dimensional live-action Model, DEM (abbreviation of English Digital Elevation Model; Digital Elevation Model), and production of an orthoimage:
the method comprises the steps of adopting a three-dimensional live-action modeling platform such as ContextCapture, producing a live-action Model, an ortho-image and DSM (Digital Surface Model) data on the basis of ground aerial photos and measurement control points acquired by unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography, wherein coordinate elevations of the three-dimensional live-action modeling platform are completely matched due to the fact that the three-dimensional live-action Model, the ortho-image and the DSM data are produced by the same set of basic data through the same set of process; the method comprises the following steps of erasing surface structures and grass forest belts by DSM through professional terrain processing software such as ArcGIS and the like to obtain DEM data, and finally converting the DEM data into elevation scattered points for later use;
step 2, constructing and calculating a flood analysis model:
constructing a two-dimensional flood model by using an MIKE21 FM module in Mike series software of a hydrodynamic modeling platform, subdividing a terrain grid according to precision requirements, importing elevation scattering points manufactured in the step 1 for terrain grid interpolation, and setting parameters (such as calculation time step length and the like) matched with the grid length and boundary conditions to complete construction and calculation of the two-dimensional flood model;
and 3, derivation and conversion of flood calculation results:
exporting and converting flood calculation results at all times into a three-dimensional grid model;
step 4, integration of the real scene model, the BIM design model and the flood calculation result:
connecting a three-dimensional live-action model (a three-dimensional live-action model standard format produced by ContextCapture) stored in a 3mx format in a connect version of a Bentley three-dimensional collaborative design platform MicroStation software, and referring to other engineering BIM design models to be displayed and the flood result three-dimensional grid models at all times manufactured in the step 3 to realize the assembly and integration of the live-action model, the BIM design model and the flood calculation result model;
step 5, three-dimensional dynamic display of flood results:
and integrally guiding the integrated model into a Bentley rendering platform LumenRT, endowing the flood three-dimensional grid model at each moment with water material and transparency, and setting animation effect, namely displaying and hiding the flood three-dimensional grid model at each moment according to time sequence at a certain frame rate, and finally realizing the flood three-dimensional dynamic display based on the three-dimensional live-action model.
In step 3, the method for exporting and converting flood calculation results at each moment into a three-dimensional grid model comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, converting flood calculation results at each moment into Shp formats used by ArcGis through a flood modeling platform such as a tool Mike2Shp of an MIKE, so as to obtain a series of Shp result map-layer files, wherein each Shp result map-layer file comprises the same vector triangular surface elements, and each vector triangular surface element has various hydraulic element attribute fields such as water level, water depth and the like;
and 3.2, screening result time and result attributes according to the front-end display requirement: in the aspect of result time screening, screening is carried out according to the requirement of displaying fluency, one result time is selected from a plurality of (such as 10) result times, and in the aspect of result attribute screening, only water level and water depth attributes are screened;
and 3.3, converting the vector triangular surface elements of the result shp layer file at each moment into a three-dimensional grid model through the same set of data processing flow in ArcGIS, AutoCAD and MicroStation software.
In step 3.3, the data processing method for converting the vector triangular surface elements of the result shp layer file at each moment into the three-dimensional grid model in the ArcGIS, AutoCAD and MicroState software comprises the following steps:
step 3.3.1, screening flood-containing elements: in ArcGis, a 'screening' tool is adopted to screen out vector triangular surface elements with the water depth attribute value larger than 0, namely vector triangular surface elements submerged by flood, from a result shp layer file;
step 3.3.2, converting the surface elements into point elements, and in ArcGis, converting the vector triangular surface elements into the point elements at the geometric center position of the vector triangular surface elements by adopting an element-to-point tool, wherein the point elements inherit the water level and water depth attributes of the vector triangular surface elements;
step 3.3.3, converting the point elements into grids, and in ArcGIS, converting the point elements into the grids by adopting a 'terrain to grid' tool in the ArcGIS and taking the water level attribute field of the point elements as an elevation field and the resolution close to the side length of the average surface of the triangle;
step 3.3.4, extracting a water level contour: in ArcGIS, an 'Contour line' tool is adopted to meet the requirement of the flood dynamic display precision on the distance of 0.1m, a water level Contour line is extracted from a grid, and the extracted water level Contour line has a Contour attribute and represents a water level value;
step 3.3.5, adding an elevation attribute field: in ArcGis, adding an attribute field named as Elevation and of a floating point type to an element of the water level contour line by adopting an 'adding field' tool so as to identify the Elevation of the line element in AutoCAD;
step 3.3.6, controlling points of the lightweight water level contour line: in ArcGIS, a 'generalization' tool is adopted, and the summits of the water level isoline elements are generalized according to a certain proportion according to the requirement of display precision, so that a subsequently generated model is lighter;
step 3.3.7, save as CAD file: in ArcGIS, a export-to-CAD tool is adopted, and the light-weighted contour shp layer file is saved as a CAD file;
step 3.3.8, generating a three-dimensional mesh model: in a three-dimensional design platform software MicroStation, the water level contour lines in the CAD file are referenced and copied, and the water level contour lines are generated into a three-dimensional grid model by adopting a contour line grid tool concentrated by a grid modeling tool.
The method has the advantages that the cross-platform technology fusion is carried out on the three-dimensional design platform, the geographic information platform, the hydrodynamic modeling platform, the three-dimensional visual rendering platform and the like, so that the flood model is constructed on the basis of data such as a real-scene model produced by the unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography and is superposed with the real-scene model for flood three-dimensional dynamic display, the construction precision of the flood model is greatly improved, the flood submerging evolution process is highly vivid, and the immersive and real flood submerging display experience is provided for people.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the flood model construction and dynamic display method based on the BIM and the three-dimensional live-action model of the present invention performs cross-platform technical fusion on a three-dimensional design platform, a geographic information platform, a hydrodynamic modeling platform, and a three-dimensional live-action modeling platform, applies the three-dimensional live-action model to construct a high-precision flood model, and performs three-dimensional dynamic display; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, three-dimensional live-action model, DEM and orthophoto production: the method comprises the steps of adopting a three-dimensional live-action modeling platform such as ContextCapture, producing a live-action Model, an ortho-image and DSM (Digital Surface Model) data on the basis of ground aerial photos and measurement control points acquired by unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography, wherein coordinate elevations of the three-dimensional live-action modeling platform are completely matched due to the fact that the three-dimensional live-action Model, the ortho-image and the DSM data are produced by the same set of basic data through the same set of process; the method comprises the steps of erasing earth surface structures and grass forest belts by DSM through professional terrain processing software such as ArcGis and the like to obtain DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data, and finally converting the DEM data into Elevation scatter points for later use.
Step 2, constructing and calculating a flood analysis model: and (2) constructing a two-dimensional flood model by utilizing an MIKE21 FM module in Mike series software of a hydrodynamic modeling platform, subdividing a terrain grid according to the precision requirement, importing the height scattered points manufactured in the step (1) for terrain grid interpolation, and setting various parameters (such as calculation time step length and the like) matched with the grid length and boundary conditions to complete construction and calculation of the two-dimensional flood model.
And 3, derivation and conversion of flood calculation results: the two-dimensional flood calculation result data is composed of results of a series of time points, each time point result is a flood calculation result corresponding to the time point, all vector triangular surface elements used for storing each hydraulic element result attribute are included, the surface elements included in each time point result are identical, the hydraulic element result attribute types are identical, but the values are different. The method for exporting and converting the flood calculation result comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, firstly, flood calculation results at all times are converted into Shp formats used by ArcGis through a flood modeling platform such as a tool Mike2Shp of the MIKE, so that a series of Shp result map-layer files are obtained, each Shp result map-layer file comprises the same vector triangular surface elements, and each vector triangular surface element comprises various hydraulic element attribute fields such as water level and water depth.
And 3.2, then, screening result time and result attributes according to the front-end display requirement: in the aspect of result time screening, screening is carried out according to the requirement of displaying fluency, for example, one is selected from 10 result times; in the aspect of result attribute screening, only the water level and the water depth are screened.
And 3.3, finally, converting the vector triangular surface elements of the result shp layer file at each moment into a three-dimensional grid model through the same set of data processing flow in ArcGIS, AutoCAD and MicroStation software, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
step 3.3.1, screening flood-containing elements: in ArcGis, a 'screening' tool is adopted to screen out vector triangular surface elements with the water depth attribute value larger than 0, namely vector triangular surface elements submerged by flood, from a result shp layer file;
step 3.3.2, converting the vector triangular surface elements into point elements: in ArcGis, an 'element transfer point' tool is adopted to transfer a vector triangular surface element into a point element at the geometric center position of the vector triangular surface element, and the point element inherits the water level and water depth attributes of the vector triangular surface element;
step 3.3.3, converting the point elements into grids: in ArcGIS, a 'terrain to grid' tool in ArcGIS is adopted, a water level attribute field of a point element is taken as an elevation field, and the point element is converted into a grid with the resolution close to the side length of the average surface of a triangle;
step 3.3.4, extracting a water level contour: in ArcGis, a 'Contour' tool is adopted to meet the space required by the flood dynamic display precision, such as 0.1m, a water level Contour is extracted from a grid, and the extracted Contour has a Contour attribute and represents a water level value;
step 3.3.5, adding an elevation attribute field: in ArcGis, a 'field adding' tool is adopted, an attribute field named as Elevation and a floating point type is added to a water level contour line element so as to facilitate the identification of the line element Elevation in AutoCAD;
step 3.3.6, controlling points of the lightweight water level contour line: in ArcGIS, a 'generalization' tool is adopted, and the summits of the water level isoline elements are generalized according to a certain proportion according to the requirement of display precision, so that a subsequently generated model is lighter;
step 3.3.7, save as CAD file: in ArcGIS, a export-to-CAD tool is adopted, and the light-weighted contour shp layer file is saved as a CAD file;
step 3.3.8, generating a three-dimensional mesh model: in a three-dimensional design platform software MicroStation, water level contours in a CAD file are referenced and copied, and the water level contours are generated into a three-dimensional grid model by adopting a contour line grid tool concentrated by a grid modeling tool.
Step 4, integration of the real scene model, the BIM design model and the flood calculation result: and connecting a three-dimensional live-action model (a three-dimensional live-action model standard format produced by ContextCapture) stored in a 3mx format in a connect version of the Bentley three-dimensional collaborative design platform MicroStation software, and referring to other engineering BIM design models to be displayed and the flood three-dimensional grid model manufactured in the step 3 at each moment to realize the assembly and integration of the live-action model, the BIM design model and the flood calculation result model.
Step 5, three-dimensional dynamic display of flood results: and integrally guiding the integrated model into a Bentley rendering platform LumenRT, endowing the flood three-dimensional grid model at each moment with water material and transparency, and setting the animation effect, namely displaying and hiding the flood three-dimensional grid model at each moment according to time sequence at a certain frame rate, and finally realizing the flood three-dimensional dynamic display based on the three-dimensional live-action model.
Claims (1)
1. A flood model construction and dynamic display method based on BIM and three-dimensional live-action models is characterized by comprising the following steps: performing cross-platform technical fusion on a three-dimensional design platform, a geographic information platform, a hydrodynamic modeling platform and a three-dimensional live-action modeling platform, constructing a high-precision flood model by applying a three-dimensional live-action model, and performing three-dimensional dynamic display; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, three-dimensional live-action model, DEM and orthophoto production:
a three-dimensional live-action modeling platform is adopted, and a live-action model, an orthoimage and DSM data are produced on the basis of ground aerial photos and measurement control points acquired by unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography; the method comprises the steps that DSM is erased through professional terrain processing software to obtain DEM data after earth surface structures and grass forest belts, and the DEM data are converted into elevation scattered points for later use;
step 2, constructing and calculating a flood analysis model:
constructing a two-dimensional flood model by using an MIKE21 FM module in Mike series software of a hydrodynamic modeling platform, dividing a terrain grid according to precision requirements, importing the elevation scattering points manufactured in the step 1 for terrain grid interpolation, and setting various parameters and boundary conditions matched with the grid length to complete construction and calculation of the two-dimensional flood model;
and 3, derivation and conversion of flood calculation results:
exporting and converting flood calculation results at all times into a three-dimensional grid model; the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 3.1, converting flood calculation results at each moment into Shp formats used by ArcGis through a tool Mike2Shp of a flood modeling platform MIKE, so as to obtain a series of Shp result layer files, wherein each Shp result layer file comprises the same vector triangular surface elements, and each vector triangular surface element has water level and water depth hydraulic element attribute fields;
and 3.2, screening result time and result attributes according to the front-end display requirement: in the aspect of result moment screening, screening is carried out according to the requirement of displaying fluency, one result moment is selected from a plurality of result moments, and in the aspect of result attribute screening, only water level attributes and water depth attributes are screened;
step 3.3, converting the vector triangular surface elements of the result shp layer file at each moment into a three-dimensional grid model through the same set of data processing flow in ArcGIS, AutoCAD and MicroStation software; the data processing method comprises the following steps:
step 3.3.1, screening flood-containing elements: in ArcGis, a 'screening' tool is adopted to screen out vector triangular surface elements with the water depth attribute value larger than 0, namely vector triangular surface elements submerged by flood, from a result shp layer file;
step 3.3.2, converting the surface elements into point elements, and in ArcGis, converting the vector triangular surface elements into the point elements at the geometric center position of the vector triangular surface elements by adopting an element-to-point tool, wherein the point elements inherit the water level and water depth attributes of the vector triangular surface elements;
step 3.3.3, converting the point elements into grids, in ArcGIS, adopting a 'terrain to grid' tool in ArcGIS, taking the water level attribute field of the point elements as an elevation field, and converting the point elements into the grids with the resolution of the side length of the average surface of the triangle;
step 3.3.4, extracting a water level contour: in ArcGIS, an 'Contour line' tool is adopted to meet the space required by the flood dynamic display precision, a water level Contour line is extracted from a grid, and the extracted water level Contour line has a Contour attribute and represents a water level value;
step 3.3.5, adding an elevation attribute field: in ArcGis, adding an attribute field named as Elevation and of a floating point type to an element of the water level contour line by adopting an 'adding field' tool so as to identify the Elevation of the line element in AutoCAD;
step 3.3.6, controlling points of the lightweight water level contour line: in ArcGIS, a 'generalization' tool is adopted, and the generalization of the vertex of the water level isoline element is carried out in proportion according to the requirement of display precision, so that the subsequently generated model is lighter;
step 3.3.7, save as CAD file: in ArcGIS, a export-to-CAD tool is adopted, and the light-weighted contour shp layer file is saved as a CAD file;
step 3.3.8, generating a three-dimensional mesh model: in a three-dimensional design platform software MicroStation, the water level contour lines in the CAD file are referenced and copied, and the water level contour lines are generated into a three-dimensional grid model by adopting a contour line grid tool concentrated by a grid modeling tool;
step 4, integration of the real scene model, the BIM design model and the flood calculation result:
connecting a three-dimensional live-action model stored in a 3mx format in a connect version of the Bentley three-dimensional collaborative design platform MicroStation software, and referring to an engineering BIM design model to be displayed and the flood result three-dimensional grid model at each moment manufactured in the step 3 to realize the assembly and integration of the live-action model, the BIM design model and the flood calculation result model;
step 5, three-dimensional dynamic display of flood results:
and integrally guiding the integrated model into a Bentley rendering platform LumenRT, endowing the flood three-dimensional grid model at each moment with water material and transparency, and setting animation effect, namely displaying and hiding the flood three-dimensional grid model at each moment according to time sequence at a certain frame rate, and finally realizing the flood three-dimensional dynamic display based on the three-dimensional live-action model.
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