CN108051917A - Augmented reality display optical system and augmented reality display methods - Google Patents
Augmented reality display optical system and augmented reality display methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN108051917A CN108051917A CN201711293113.5A CN201711293113A CN108051917A CN 108051917 A CN108051917 A CN 108051917A CN 201711293113 A CN201711293113 A CN 201711293113A CN 108051917 A CN108051917 A CN 108051917A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of augmented reality display optical system and augmented reality display methods.The augmented reality display optical system includes light source module group, light guide module, transparent transmissive spatial optical modulator and the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module with the light modulation that plane wave is converted to spherical wave.Light guide module includes horizontal light guide and vertical light guides.Light source module group is located in the input path of vertical light guides, and horizontal light guide is located on the emitting light path of vertical light guides, and spatial light modulator is located on the emitting light path of horizontal light guide, and automatically controlled optical phase modulation module is located on the emitting light path of spatial light modulator.The spatial light modulator of the augmented reality display optical system need not be placed at the nearly focal plane of automatically controlled optical phase modulation module, compact-sized, small, light-weight；And based on retina image-forming principle, blur-free imaging, myopia or presbyopic user prescribing corrective glasses can be not required also can clearly to receive image to be displayed information in entirely display field range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optics display technology field, in particular to a kind of augmented reality display optical system and increasing
Strong reality display methods.
Background technology
Augmented reality display optical system is usually that display screen is placed in condenser lens (such as spherical lens or aspherical at present
Lens or Fresnel Lenses) position of focal plane, with the use of half-reflection and half-transmission plane mirror, after the point object line focus lens in coke into
The virtual image of amplification is transferred to human eye by half-reflection and half-transmission plane mirror, and the upright virtual image of the amplification of display screen is projected before user,
External environment light is received by half-reflection and half-transmission plane mirror by human eye simultaneously, realizes that the enhancing to real world is shown.Using this
Display screen need to be placed at the nearly focal plane of condenser lens by the augmented reality display device of method, and volume is larger, heavier-weight is worn
It is poor to wear comfort.Also, need wearing myopia or presbyopia correcting glasses that can just see the enhancing clearly for myopia or presbyopic user
The display content of real display device needs just make closely in the additional focusing eyeglass of augmented reality display device increase
Depending on or presbyopic user do not wear myopia or presbyopia correcting glasses and can see the display content of the augmented reality display device clearly yet.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of small, light-weight and can make myopia or presbyopic user not
Prescribing corrective glasses can also see the augmented reality display optical system of display content and augmented reality display methods clearly, in solution
State problem.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solution：
Present pre-ferred embodiments provide a kind of augmented reality display optical system, including：Light source module group, light guide module,
Spatial light modulator and have the function of plane wave be converted to the light modulation of spherical wave automatically controlled optical phase modulation module, the light
Guided mode group includes horizontal light guide and vertical light guides, and the spatial light modulator is transparent transmission-type；
The light source module group is located in the input path of the vertical light guides, and the horizontal light guide is located at the vertical light guides
Emitting light path on, the spatial light modulator is located on the emitting light path of the horizontal light guide, the automatically controlled optical phase tune
Molding group is located on the emitting light path of the spatial light modulator；
When the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module and the in running order spatial light modulator, the light source die
The collimation or nearly collimated illumination light beam that group provides carry out vertical direction and level by the vertical light guides and horizontal light guide respectively
It transmits to direction with after extension, forming collimation angle pencil of ray or closely collimating angle pencil of ray, the spatial light modulator is according to figure to be shown
As information is modulated while the Pixel-level of light energy is carried out to the collimation angle pencil of ray or nearly collimation angle pencil of ray, obtain and image to be displayed
The corresponding collimation light pencil of pixel closely collimates light pencil, and the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module is to described and figure to be shown
As the corresponding collimation light pencil of pixel or nearly collimation light pencil carry out being focused at the upper direct imaging of human eye retina；
When the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module and the spatial light modulator are in off working state, true environment
Light into human eye through being received and image in after the horizontal light guide, spatial light modulator and automatically controlled optical phase modulation module
On retina.
Optionally, the light source module group includes light emitting unit, optical collimator, combiner device, coupling optical fiber and collimating mirror
Group.
Optionally, the light source module group further includes dissipation spot device.
Optionally, the horizontal light guide includes at least two tilting prisms or including at least two oblique arrangement
It can thoroughly can antiplane mirror.
Optionally, the horizontal light guide is made of reflecting element and diffraction element, and the diffraction element is located at the reflection
Between element and spatial light modulator.
Optionally, the horizontal light guide further include can thoroughly can anti-layer, it is described can thoroughly can anti-layer be located at the reflecting element and
Between diffraction element.
Optionally, the horizontal light guide is made of substrate and diffraction element, and one side of the substrate away from diffraction element is risen
Reflex.
Optionally, the augmented reality display optical system further includes the angle control micro-structure member for reducing beam exit angle
Part.
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of augmented reality display methods, is shown applied to above-mentioned augmented reality
Optical system, the described method includes：
Aberration precorrection is carried out to every frame image to be displayed information；
The display time of image to be displayed described in a default frame is divided into first time period and second time period；
In first time period, send image to be displayed information described in a frame and, to the spatial light modulator, control the electricity
It is in running order to control optical phase modulation module, the light source module group and the spatial light modulator；
In second time period, the control control automatically controlled optical phase modulation module and the spatial light modulator are in non-
Working condition.
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of augmented reality display methods, is shown applied to above-mentioned augmented reality
Optical system, the described method includes：
The display time of default frame image to be displayed is divided into first time period and second time period；
Default frame image to be displayed is anticipated to the light beam pair of the multi-wavelength to be exported with the light source module group
The multiframe monochrome image answered；
The first time period is divided into multiple sub- periods, each sub- period controls the light source module group output one
The light beam of kind wavelength sends frame monochrome image corresponding with the light beam of this kind of wavelength to the spatial light modulator, controls institute
It states automatically controlled optical phase modulation module and is in a kind of working condition, make each sub- period by the automatically controlled optical phase modulation
The convergent point of convergent beam after module convergence is in same position；
In second time period, the control control automatically controlled optical phase modulation module and the spatial light modulator are in non-
Working condition.
Augmented reality display optical system provided by the invention passes through to light source module group, light guide module, spatial light modulator
With the ingenious integrated and design of automatically controlled optical phase modulation module so that spatial light modulator (display screen) need not be placed on automatically controlled
At the nearly focal plane of optical phase modulation module (condenser lens), more compact structure, volume smaller, weight are lighter, wear more comfortable；
And based on retina image-forming principle, blur-free imaging in field range can be entirely being shown, for myopia or presbyopic user
Myopia or presbyopia correcting glasses, which need not be worn, all can clearly receive image to be displayed information.
Augmented reality display methods provided by the invention is applied to above-mentioned augmented reality display optical system, thus with class
As advantageous effect.
Description of the drawings
It in order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described.It should be appreciated that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore it is not construed as pair
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram for augmented reality display optical system that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure diagram for light source module group that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structure diagram for horizontal light guide that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram for the horizontal light guide of another kind that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that horizontal light guide shown in Fig. 4 is transmitted light and extends.
Fig. 6 is the structure diagram for the horizontal light guide of another kind that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the horizontal light guide shown in Fig. 6 is transmitted light and extends.
Fig. 8 is the structure diagram for the horizontal light guide of another kind that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Fig. 9 is structural relation figure of the display area with light guide module shown in FIG. 1 of image to be displayed.
Figure 10 is the scale diagrams of non-rectangle image to be displayed display area.
A kind of augmented reality display optical system that Figure 11 present pre-ferred embodiments provide is shown with traditional augmented reality
The comparison diagram of optical system.
For Figure 12 when applying same voltage or electric current to automatically controlled optical phase modulation module, there are the originals of aberration for virtual image
Reason figure.
Figure 13 is the structure diagram for another augmented reality display optical system that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Figure 14 is the structure diagram for another augmented reality display optical system that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Figure 15 is the structure diagram for another augmented reality display optical system that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Figure 16 is the light path schematic diagram of the augmented reality display optical system progress human eye virtual image forming shown in Figure 15.
Figure 17 is a kind of flow chart for augmented reality display methods that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Figure 18 is the flow chart for another augmented reality display methods that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Icon:1- augmented reality display optical systems；10- light source module groups；20- light guide modules；30- spatial light modulators；
The automatically controlled optical phase modulation modules of 40-；11- light emitting units；12- optical collimators；13- combiner devices；14- couples optical fiber；15-
Collimate microscope group；16- dissipation spot devices；21- vertical light guides；The horizontal light guides of 22-；221- tilting prisms；222- can thoroughly can antiplane
Mirror；223- reflecting elements；224- diffraction elements；225- can thoroughly can anti-layer；226- substrates；Control micro-structured component in 50- angles；60- is red
Outer emitter；70- infrared photography modules；80- infrared ray diffraction elements.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes.Obviously, described embodiment is only the part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is logical
The component for the embodiment of the present invention being often described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings can configure to arrange and design with a variety of.
Therefore, below the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention to providing in the accompanying drawings be not intended to limit it is claimed
The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of the present invention selected embodiment.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, people in the art
Member's all other embodiments obtained on the premise of creative work is not made, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that：Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined, then it further need not be defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing in a attached drawing.In description of the invention
In, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd ", " the 4th " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and it is not intended that being or implying opposite
Importance.
It please refers to Fig.1, Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of augmented reality display optical system 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown in Figure 1, the augmented reality display optical system 1 includes：Light source module group 10, light guide module 20, spatial light modulator
30 and automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40.
Light source module group 10 is located in the input path of light guide module 20, and collimation or nearly collimated illumination are provided for light guide module 20
Light beam.Optionally, referring to Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, light source module group 10 includes light emitting unit 11, optical collimator 12, photosynthetic
Beam device 13, coupling optical fiber 14 and collimation microscope group 15.Laser light source, LED light source etc. may be employed in light emitting unit 11.Optionally,
In the present embodiment, the light emitting unit 11 be LD laser light sources, such as generating device of laser.The laser beam emitting device can wrap soon
Red laser transmitter unit 11, green laser generating unit and blue laser light emission unit 11.In other embodiments, laser
The color of each laser generating unit can be configured according to actual needs in generating means, to meet the need of actual conditions
Will, it is not limited herein.It is optical collimation lens that optical collimator 12, which can be selected in known technology, is sent out for reducing by laser
The angle of divergence of the light beam of generating apparatus transmitting.Combiner device 13 can select the light-combining prism in known technology, not do herein specific
Explanation.It can be multimode fibre or single mode optical fiber to couple optical fiber 14.The input terminal of coupling optical fiber 14 can melt globe lens, be used for
The bore for the laser beam that increase coupling optical fiber 14 can couple so that the combined beam light beam after combiner device 13 is easy to couple
Into in coupling optical fiber 14.The output terminal of coupling optical fiber 14 can process it is tapered, for reducing the with a tight waist of output terminal outgoing beam
Radius increases the numerical aperture of outgoing beam so that coupling optical fiber 14 exports the light beam of the big angle of emergence of small light spot.Collimate microscope group 15
The light beam of the big angle of emergence of small light spot for being exported to coupling optical fiber 14 collimates, to obtain the preferable collimated light beam of directionality
Or nearly collimated light beam.Under normal conditions, after collimating microscope group 15, standard of the shooting angle in the range of 0 °~0.5 ° can be obtained
Collimated optical beam or nearly collimated light beam.In specific implementation, the with a tight waist of light beam that coupling optical fiber 14 exports is set to be located at collimation microscope group 15
Focal plane position or near, so as to obtain collimated light beam or nearly collimated light beam.
When transmitter unit is laser light source, light source module group 10 can also include dissipation spot device 16.Dissipation spot device 16
The coherence of laser beam is disturbed by changing the instantaneous phase of laser, so as to weaken speckle effect existing for laser, is made
The beam energy that light source module group 10 provides is obtained to be more evenly distributed.Dissipation spot device 16 can select the liquid crystal phase in known technology
Modulator or vibration phase plate, are not limited herein.
Light guide module 20 includes vertical light guides 21 and horizontal light guide 22.Vertical light guides 21 are used for entering the vertical light guides
21 light beam is transmitted and extended with carrying out vertical direction.Horizontal light guide 22 is used for horizontal to being carried out into the light beam of horizontal light guide 22
Transmit and extend to direction.The collimated light beam or nearly collimated light beam that light source module group 10 exports pass through vertical light guides 21 and horizontal light guide
22 carry out extension both vertically and horizontally respectively after form collimation angle pencil of ray or closely collimate angle pencil of ray.
Horizontal light guide 22 can include at least two tilting prisms 221, as shown in Figure 1.It is or as shown in figure 3, horizontal
What light guide 22 can include at least two oblique arrangements can thoroughly can antiplane mirror 222.Each oblique arrangement can thoroughly can antiplane
Mirror 222 can be fixed by some transparent installed parts.Or horizontal light guide 22 can include tilting prisms 221 simultaneously and tilt
Arrangement can thoroughly can antiplane mirror 222.
Above-mentioned horizontal light guide 22 includes at least two inclined surface, when true environment light penetrates above-mentioned horizontal light guide 22, water
The inclined surface that zero diopter leads 22 can impact the transmission of true environment light, such as the image that true environment is made to be formed in human eye
It is cut into multiple tracks.To solve the above-mentioned problems, horizontal light guide 22 can also be such as Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and structure shown in Fig. 8.
As shown in figure 4, horizontal light guide 22 can be made of reflecting element 223 and diffraction element 224, the diffraction element
224 between the reflecting element 223 and spatial light modulator 30.Fig. 5 carries out light for horizontal light guide 22 shown in Fig. 4
Transmission and the schematic diagram of extension.As shown in figure 5, the light into horizontal light guide 22 is reflected into diffraction element by reflecting element 223
224, a part of light is diffracted 224 transmission diffraction of element and enters spatial light modulator 30, and another part light is diffracted element
After 224 are reflected into reflecting element 223, diffraction element 224 is reflected by reflecting element 223 again.It is anti-by reflecting element 223 again
The part for being mapped to the light of diffraction element 224 is diffracted 224 transmission diffraction of element and enters spatial light modulator 30, another part
It is diffracted element 224 and is reflected into reflecting element 223.And so on, the light beam into horizontal light guide 22 is achieved that horizontal direction
Ground transmits and extension.
As shown in fig. 6, horizontal light guide 22 further include can thoroughly can anti-layer 225, it is described can thoroughly can anti-layer 225 be located at the reflection
Between element 223 and diffraction element 224.Fig. 7 is the principle that the horizontal light guide 22 shown in Fig. 6 is transmitted light and extends
Figure.As shown in fig. 7, into horizontal light guide 22 light by reflecting element 223 be reflected into can thoroughly can anti-layer 225, a part of light
Through can thoroughly can anti-layer 225 enter diffraction element 224, another part light by can thoroughly can anti-layer 225 be reflected into reflecting element
223.Light into diffraction element 224 is diffracted 224 transmission diffraction of element and enters spatial light modulator 30.By can thoroughly can anti-layer
225 be reflected into the light of reflecting element 223 by reflecting element 223 be reflected into again can thoroughly can be after anti-layer 225, a part of light is worn
Cross can thoroughly can anti-layer 225 enter diffraction element 224, another part light by can thoroughly can anti-layer 225 be reflected into reflecting element 223.
Light into diffraction element 224 is diffracted 224 transmission diffraction of element and enters spatial light modulator 30.And so on, into water
The light beam that zero diopter leads 22 is transmitted and extended with being achieved that horizontal direction.
As shown in figure 8, horizontal light guide 22 can also be and is made of substrate 226 and diffraction element 224.The diffraction element 224
Can be engraved in substrate 226 there is the pattern of diffraction towards 30 one side of spatial light modulator.Or the diffraction element 224
It is the element for being etched with diffraction pattern on the transparent substrate, 226 optical veneering of the diffraction element 224 and substrate.At this point, substrate
Reflex is played in 226 one sides away from the diffraction element 224, similar with the reflecting element 223 in Fig. 4.Due to entering the water
Zero diopter lead 22 light transmission and extension principle it is similar with Fig. 4, therefore do not illustrate more herein.
Optionally, in Fig. 4, Fig. 6, horizontal light guide 22 shown in Fig. 8, the emergent light axis and spatial light of diffraction element 224
The optical axis of modulator 30 is substantially coaxial or parallel so that automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 is easily designed.It is substantial parallel
Or coaxial refer to close to parallel or coaxial.When the emergent light axis of diffraction element 224 and the optical axis of spatial light modulator 30 can connect
There is the deviation of low-angle and substantial parallel or coaxial by the range of.
The structure of vertical light guides 21 can be identical with the structure of horizontal light guide 22, and modes of emplacement is different.That is vertical light guides 21
Structure can be counter can put down thoroughly as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6, Fig. 8 or by tilting prisms 221 and oblique arrangement
Face mirror 222 collectively constitutes.Since true environment light is when into human eye, vertical light guides 21 can be not passed through, therefore when vertical
Light guide 21 is Fig. 1, structure shown in Fig. 2 or by tilting prisms 221 and oblique arrangement can thoroughly can antiplane mirror 222 collectively constitute
When, the image that true environment is formed in human eye will not be made to be cut into multiple tracks.
When horizontal light guide 22 and vertical light guides 21 are Fig. 1 or shown in Fig. 2 structures, horizontal light guide 22 and vertical light guides 21
Included tilting prisms 221 or oblique arrangement can thoroughly can antiplane mirror 222 quantity respectively by preset to be shown
The display area of image size both horizontally and vertically and the height of horizontal light guide 22 and vertical light guides 21 determine.
For example, as shown in figure 9, the shape of the display area of preset image to be displayed is rectangle, long side is a and broadside is b.
Wherein, the long side direction that horizontal direction is rectangle is defined, vertical direction is the broadside of rectangle.The height of horizontal light guide 22 is
H1, the height of vertical light guides 21 is h2.Then the tilting prisms 221 included by horizontal light guide 22 or oblique arrangement counter can be put down thoroughly
The quantity of face mirror 222 should be no less than a/h1, and the tilting prisms 221 or oblique arrangement included by vertical light guides 21 counter can be put down thoroughly
The quantity of face mirror 222 should be no less than b/h2.It is existing that vertical light guides 21 and the height of horizontal light guide 22 have been largely fixed enhancing
The height of the size and volume of real display optical system 1, vertical light guides 21 and horizontal light guide 22 is smaller, and augmented reality shows light
The size and volume of system 1 are smaller, required tilting prisms 221 or oblique arrangement can thoroughly can antiplane mirror 222
Quantity is more, and the technological requirements such as manufacture, processing, assembling are also higher.During actual implementation, vertical light guides 21 and horizontal light guide
22 height and included tilting prisms 221 or oblique arrangement can thoroughly can the quantity of antiplane mirror 222 can be according to concern
Emphasis is different to carry out comprehensive selection.
It, can be with it should be noted that the display area of preset image to be displayed is not limited to rectangle
It is circular, oval or other shape, as shown in Figure 10.In the case of cross-sectional shape is non-rectangle, above-mentioned Vertical Square
It is the long side a for the minimum rectangle for referring to the complete envelope cross-sectional shape and broadside b to the size with horizontal direction.
The light of vertically and horizontally both direction is carried out to the light beam that light source module group 10 exports due to the use of light guide module 20
The extension of beam bore, therefore light source module group 10 is without exporting collimation angle pencil of ray or closely collimating angle pencil of ray so that light source module group 10
Optical system structure is simpler.Meanwhile as shown in figure 11, compared with traditional augmented reality display optical system 1, the present invention provides
Augmented reality display optical system 1 modulate module without spatial light modulator 30 (display screen) is placed on automatically controlled optical phase
At the nearly focal plane of 40 (condenser lenses), therefore more compact structure, volume smaller, weight are lighter, promote wearing comfort.Figure 11
In, 2 represent traditional augmented reality display optical system 1, and A represents display screen, and B represents condenser lens.
Referring again to Fig. 1, spatial light modulator 30 is used for light guide module 20 is exported according to image to be displayed information
Collimation angle pencil of ray or nearly collimation angle pencil of ray are modulated with carrying out the Pixel-level of light energy, are obtained corresponding with image to be displayed pixel
Collimation light pencil closely collimates light pencil.The spatial light modulator 30 is the optical modulator of the Pixel-level of transparent transmission-type
Part.When light source module group 10 export Single wavelength light beam when, spatial light modulator 30 mainly by vertical polaroid, TFT glass, liquid crystal and
Horizontal polaroid is formed.When light source module group 10 exports the light beam of multi-wavelength's (such as three kinds of wavelength of red, green, blue), spatial light
Modulator 30 is mainly made of vertical polaroid, TFT glass, liquid crystal, colored filter and horizontal polaroid.Spatial light modulator
30 each pixel is made of, colorized optical filtering sub-pixel corresponding with each wavelength (such as by three sub-pixels of red, green, blue)
Piece contains each wavelength corresponding color optical filter (such as containing three kinds of color filters of red, green, blue), respectively to light source die
Colour mixture is carried out after the combined beam light beam sampler of a variety of (such as three kinds) wavelength of 10 output of group and forms colored display picture.
Automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 can be controlled by electric drive, be made it have or without plane wave is turned
It is changed to the light modulation function of spherical wave.For example, when applying voltage or electric current, it is in running order, it is converted to plane wave
The light modulation function of spherical wave.When removing voltage or electric current, in off working state, without light modulation function.When automatically controlled
When optical phase modulation module 40 is in running order, the light modulation function that plane wave is converted to spherical wave is provided with, to space
The modulated collimation light pencil corresponding with image to be displayed pixel of optical modulator 30 or nearly collimation light pencil make into line convergence
Collimation light pencil corresponding from image to be displayed pixel or nearly collimation light pencil have different convergence angles.With different
The collimation light pencil corresponding with image to be displayed pixel of convergence angle or nearly collimation light pencil are direct on human eye retina
Imaging.
When automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 is in off working state, spatial light modulator 30 can be controlled to be also at
Off working state spatial light modulator 30 to be prevented to be modulated true environment light, influences sight of the human eye to true environment
It examines.When automatically controlled optical phase modulates module 40 and spatial light modulator 30 is in off working state, true environment light is saturating
It is received into human eye after crossing horizontal light guide 22, spatial light modulator 30 and automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 and images in view
On film.In this stage, when the light source module group 10 is still within working condition, since optical modulator will not carry out energy to light beam
Amount modulation, the light beam that light source module group 10 exports be expanded after into human eye, what human eye received at this time is uniform light energy, shape
Into the background with uniform luminance, the contrast of external environment is reduced, but has no effect on reception of the human eye to true environment light.
When light source module group 10 is in off working state, the contrast of the true environment of human eye reception is not interfered with.
Since spatial light modulator 30 is to carrying the modulating of Pixel-level, the electricity of the collimation angle pencil of ray of image to be displayed information
Control convergence and automatically controlled optics of the optical phase modulation module 40 to 30 modulated Pixel-level of spatial light modulator collimation light pencil
Convergent beam after phase-modulation module 40 is assembled in the imaging process of human eye is a kind of retina image-forming, therefore is entirely being shown
It can be with blur-free imaging in field range.Also, myopia or distance vision correction eye need not be worn for myopia or presbyopic user
Mirror all can clearly receive image to be displayed information, improve wearing comfort.
Optionally, in the present embodiment, automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 can also be made by changing voltage or electric current
It can have equivalent light modulation ability to the light beam of different wave length so that after the corresponding collimation angle pencil of ray of multiple wavelength is modulated
Convergent beam convergent point in same position, eliminate the aberration of virtual image.For example, as shown in figure 12, when light source module group 10
When exporting the light beam of three kinds of wavelength of red, green, blue, if automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 uses same voltage or electric current, by
It is different to the refractive index that different wave length has in liquid crystal media, therefore the corresponding collimation light pencil of each wavelength is modulated
The converged position of spherical wave afterwards differs, and OR is red band light beam convergent point in figure, and OB is blue wave band light beam convergent point,
OG be green band light beam convergent point, human eye receive three beams have out of phase convergent beam retina into picture there are one
There are aberration for virtual image observed by fixed aberration, i.e. human eye.Therefore, module 40 can be modulated to automatically controlled optical phase to apply
Different voltage or electric current is added to eliminate aberration.
It is to be understood that in other embodiments, the aberration for eliminating virtual image can also be by carrying out image to be displayed
Aberration precorrection, voltage or electric current without modulating module 40 by changing automatically controlled optical phase.For example, prestore the electricity
The chromatism data for the multi-wavelength light wave that optical phase modulation module 40 in the operating condition exports the light source module group 10 is controlled, is treated
Display image information carries out waiting to show before being sent to the spatial light modulator 30 according to the pre-stored chromatism data
Show the aberration predistortion of image information.
Automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 can be electrically-controlled liquid crystal lens or electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase grating or its arbitrary group
It closes.Optionally, in the present embodiment, automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 is electrically-controlled liquid crystal lens.
As shown in figure 13, above-mentioned augmented reality display optical system 1 can also include angle control micro-structured component 50.Angle control is micro-
Structural detail 50 is a kind of optical element to incident angle sensitivity, when incident vector and the angle control micro-structured component 50 of light beam
When the angle of the normal of working face meets design angle value, light beam just can control micro-structured component 50 to pass through angle.Light source module group
Not only there are one direction, (such as what is exported as described above is 0 °~0.5 ° scope to the collimated light beams or nearly collimated light beam of 10 outputs
Interior collimated light beam or nearly collimated light beam), influence whether the resolution ratio of the virtual display image that human eye receives.By setting angle
Control micro-structured component 50 can reduce the shooting angle of the light beam by angle control micro-structured component 50, so as to improve virtual display figure
The resolution ratio of picture.For example, the angular range that angle control micro-structured component 50 designs is -0.1 °~0.1 °, and during actual implementation, angle
The angle design value of control micro-structured component 50 can be designed selection according to requirement of the practical application to visual effect.It is aobvious and easy
See, angle control micro-structured component 50 can be arranged on light source module group 10 to any position between automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40
Place.For example, angle control micro-structured component 50 is arranged between light source module group 10 and vertical light guides 21, for defeated to light source module group 10
The light beam gone out is chosen；Angle control micro-structured component 50 is arranged between vertical light guides 21 and horizontal light guide 22, for hanging down
The light beam that direct light leads 21 outputs is chosen；Angle control micro-structured component 50 is arranged on horizontal light guide 22 and spatial light modulator 30
Between, the light beam for being exported to horizontal light guide 22 is chosen；Angle control micro-structured component 50 is arranged on spatial light modulator
Between 30 and automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40, the light beam for being exported to spatial light modulator 30 is chosen.Optionally,
In the present embodiment, control micro-structured component 50 in angle is arranged between horizontal light guide 22 and spatial light modulator 30.
Similarly, angle control micro-structured component 50 can be with more than one, such as two, three, four etc..When micro-structure is controlled at angle
During 50 more than one of element, each angle control micro-structured component 50 can be arranged at intervals.For example, the angle control micro-structured component 50 has
Two, one of angle control micro-structured component 50 is arranged between the horizontal light guide 22 and spatial light modulator 30, another
Angle control micro-structured component 50 is arranged between vertical light guides 21 and horizontal light guide 22.
During actual implementation, angle control micro-structured component 50 can first make the mother matrix with micro structured pattern, will
Micro structured pattern is transferred on special mantle by the pattern on mother matrix with graph transfer printing method, then the angle control of mantle form is micro-
Structural detail 50 is covered in light source module group 10, horizontal light guide 22, vertical light guides 21, spatial light modulator 30 or optics with optical cement
In the plane of phase-modulation module etc., the assembling complexity of angle control micro-structured component 50 is reduced.For example, when angle control micro-structure member
When part 50 is arranged between horizontal light guide 22 and spatial light modulator 30, angle can be controlled to 50 docile of micro-structured component in horizon light
22 are led in the plane of 30 one side of spatial light modulator.
As shown in figure 14, in a kind of mode in the cards, above-mentioned augmented reality display optical system 1 further includes infrared
Emitter 60 and infrared photography module 70.Infrared launcher 60 can be that infrared LED light source or infrared LD light sources etc. are infrared
Light source is not limited herein.Infrared launcher 60 can be positioned over any one of display optical system.Actual implementation process
In, it need to only ensure that light beam that infrared launcher 60 is sent can cover human eye scope and will not be to the visual field of projection imaging and pre-
If external environment field of view cause to block.Infrared photography module 70 is for recipient's eye infrared image and to picture number
According to being stored.Infrared photography module 70 can also be connected with processor, and processor can carry out eyeball according to the data of storage
Detection identifies the location of eyeball, direction of gaze state etc., and the execution of the information such as direction of gaze according to eyeball is different
Eye control operation.If for example, recognize some control location that human eye blinkpunkt within the time of setting is maintained at graphic interface,
Carry out corresponding system operatio of this control etc..
As shown in figure 15, in the mode of alternatively possible realization, above-mentioned augmented reality display optical system 1 further includes red
External diffraction element 80, infrared ray diffraction element 80 are arranged at the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 close to the one side of human eye, together
When, the optical axis L K and the emergent light axis OG of infrared ray diffraction element 80 for setting infrared photography module 70 are substantial parallel or coaxial.It is logical
It crosses and infrared ray diffraction element 80 is set and makes the optical axis L K and the emergent light axis OG of infrared ray diffraction element 80 of infrared photography module 70 real
It is parallel or coaxial in matter, to form the human eye virtual image, and the distance of the human eye virtual image away from outer camera module is made to fall in outer camera module
Working range in, to be obtained by outer camera module, as shown in figure 16.It is achieved thereby that outer camera module does not have to face human eye just
Image of clearly looking straight can be obtained, reception of the user to real world light is not disturbed, available for eye tracking, iris
Identify authentication etc..Wherein, image of looking straight refers to be equivalent to the eye image of the shooting angle shooting of face human eye.
In order to meet some specific functional requirements, optionally to the portion of above-mentioned augmented reality display optical system 1
Part carries out increasing the functional film layer such as plating anti-reflection film, stiffened film, antifog film, is not limited herein.Also, when augmented reality shows light
When system 1 is applied to augmented reality glasses, which further includes the component (such as temple) of wearing and by above-mentioned increasing
The structural member that component included by strong reality display optical system 1 connects.
7 are please referred to Fig.1, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of augmented reality display methods, applied to above-mentioned augmented reality
Display optical system 1.The described method includes：Step S110, step S130 and step S150.
The display time of default frame image to be displayed is divided into first time period and the second time by step S110
Section.
Step S130 in first time period, sends image to be displayed information described in a frame to the spatial light modulator 30,
The automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40, the light source module group 10 and the spatial light modulator 30 is controlled to be in work shape
State.
It is understood by previous analysis, in first time period, image to be displayed forms virtual image through amplification projection to human eye
Information.
Step S150, in second time period, the control automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 and the space light modulation
Device 30 is in off working state.
It is understood by previous analysis, in second time period, true environment light is through horizontal light guide 22, spatial light modulator
30 and automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 after be received and imaged on retina into human eye.In second time period, for light
Source module 10, may be at working condition, can also be in off working state, be not limited thereto.
Wherein, the duration of first time period and second time period may be the same or different.It is for example, default
The refresh rate of one frame image to be displayed is 60Hz, and the display time is arranged to 1/60s, and it is 1/ that can set first time period
120s, 1/180s or other, accordingly, second time period 1/120s, 1/90s or other.The duration of first time period
It need to only ensure in this time phase, the overturning that the spatial light modulator 30 can complete liquid crystal molecule reaches to beam energy
The purpose and the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 that are modulated can complete turn of working condition and off working state
It changes.
Optionally, when light source module group 10 exports the light beam of multi-wavelength, sent out in image to be displayed information described in every frame
It send to before the spatial light modulator 30, the method further includes step S170.
Step S170 carries out aberration precorrection to every frame image to be displayed information.
It is understood by previous analysis, when light source module group 10 exports the light beam of multi-wavelength, if automatically controlled optical phase tune
Molding group 40 uses same voltage or electric current, then after the light beam of each wavelength is modulated by the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40
Spherical wave converged position it is different, can cause observed by human eye virtual image can there are aberration.It, can in order to eliminate aberration
To prestore the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 in the operating condition to the multi-wavelength of the light source module group 10 output
The chromatism data of light wave, before the image to be displayed information is sent to the spatial light modulator 30, according to described pre-
The chromatism data first stored carries out aberration precorrection to the image to be displayed information.
8 are please referred to Fig.1, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of augmented reality display methods, applied to above-mentioned augmented reality
Display optical system 1.When light source module group 10 exports the light beam of multi-wavelength, the described method includes：Step S210, step
S230, step S250 and step S270.
The display time of default frame image to be displayed is divided into first time period and the second time by step S210
Section.
Similarly, the duration of first time period and second time period may be the same or different.It is for example, default
The refresh rate of one frame image to be displayed is 60Hz, and the display time is arranged to 1/60s, and it is 1/ that can set first time period
120s, 1/180s or other, accordingly, second time period 1/120s, 1/90s or other.
Default frame image to be displayed is anticipated a variety of ripples to be exported with the light source module group 10 by step S230
The corresponding multiframe monochrome image of long light beam.
Wherein, the frame number of the monochrome image is identical with the kind number of the wavelength for the light beam that the light source module group 10 exports.Example
Such as, when light source module group 10 export three kinds of wavelength of red, green, blue light beam when, by default frame image to be displayed anticipate for
It is monochromatic to be denoted as first frame monochrome image, the second frame for three frames monochrome image corresponding with the light beam of three kinds of wavelength of red, green, blue
Image and the 3rd frame monochrome image.
The first time period is divided into multiple sub- periods by step S250, and each sub- period controls the light source
Module 10 exports a kind of light beam of wavelength, sends frame monochrome image corresponding with the light beam of this kind of wavelength to the spatial light tune
Device 30 processed, the control automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 are in a kind of working condition, make described in each sub- period process
The convergent point of convergent beam after the automatically controlled optical phase modulation convergence of module 40 is in same position.
For example, the first time period is divided into three sub- periods, the first sub- period, the second sub- period are denoted as
With the 3rd sub- period.First sub- period controlled the light source module group 10 to export the light beam of red wavelength, and it is monochromatic to send first frame
Image to the spatial light modulator 30, the control automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 is in the first working condition.The
Two sub- periods controlled the light source module group 10 to export the light beam of green wavelength, sent the second frame monochrome image to the spatial light tune
Device 30 processed, the control automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 are in second of working condition.Described in 3rd sub- period control
Light source module group 10 exports the light beam of blue wavelength, sends the 3rd frame monochrome image to the spatial light modulator 30, controls the electricity
Control optical phase modulation module 40 is in the third working condition.Wherein, the automatically controlled optical phase modulates module 40 first
When kind working condition, second of working condition and the third working condition, 40 meeting of module is modulated by the automatically controlled optical phase
The convergent point of convergent beam after poly- eliminates the aberration of virtual image in same position.Similarly, each sub- period it is lasting when
Between may be the same or different.That is, the duration of the first sub- period, the second sub- period and the 3rd sub- period can
It, can not also be same with identical.
Step S270, in second time period, the control control automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 and the spatial light
Modulator 30 is in off working state.
Similarly, in second time period, true environment light penetrates horizontal light guide 22, spatial light modulator 30 and automatically controlled optics
It is received and images on retina into human eye after phase-modulation module 40.It, can for light source module group 10 in second time period
With in running order, off working state can also be in, is not limited thereto.
Augmented reality display optical system 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention passes through to light source module group 10, light guide module 20, sky
Between optical modulator 30 and automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 ingenious integrated and design so that (the display of spatial light modulator 30
Screen) need not be placed at the nearly focal plane of automatically controlled optical phase modulation module 40 (condenser lens), more compact structure, volume smaller,
Weight is lighter, wears more comfortable；And based on retina image-forming principle, can in entirely display field range blur-free imaging, it is right
Myopia or presbyopia correcting glasses need not be worn for myopia or presbyopic user all can clearly receive image to be displayed letter
Breath.Meanwhile augmented reality display optical system 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention can also include infrared launcher 60 and infrared
Camera module 70, to obtain human eye infrared image；And by setting infrared ray diffraction element 80, outer camera module is made not have to face
Human eye is obtained with image of clearly looking straight, and does not disturb reception of the user to real world light, available for eyeball with
Track, iris recognition identification verification etc..
It is to be understood that augmented reality display methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to above-mentioned augmented reality, shows optical system
System 1, thus with similar advantageous effect.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary and attached drawing), except non-specifically chatting
It states, can be replaced by other alternative features that are equivalent or have similar purpose.I.e., unless specifically stated, each feature
It is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of augmented reality display optical system, which is characterized in that including：Light source module group, light guide module, spatial light modulator
And have the function of plane wave be converted to the light modulation of spherical wave automatically controlled optical phase modulate module, the light guide module include water
Zero diopter is led and vertical light guides, and the spatial light modulator is transparent transmission-type；
The light source module group is located in the input path of the vertical light guides, and the horizontal light guide is located at going out for the vertical light guides
It penetrates in light path, the spatial light modulator is located on the emitting light path of the horizontal light guide, the automatically controlled optical phase modulation mould
Group is on the emitting light path of the spatial light modulator；
When the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module and the in running order spatial light modulator, the light source module group carries
The collimation of confession or nearly collimated illumination light beam carry out both vertically and horizontally respectively by the vertical light guides and horizontal light guide
Ground is transmitted with after extension, forming collimation angle pencil of ray or closely collimating angle pencil of ray, and the spatial light modulator is believed according to image to be displayed
It modulates with ceasing the Pixel-level to the collimation angle pencil of ray or nearly collimation angle pencil of ray progress light energy, obtains and image to be displayed pixel
The corresponding collimation light pencil of point closely collimates light pencil, and the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module is to described and image to be displayed picture
The corresponding collimation light pencil of vegetarian refreshments or nearly collimation light pencil carry out being focused at the upper direct imaging of human eye retina；
When the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module and the spatial light modulator are in off working state, true environment light
View is imaged in through being received after the horizontal light guide, spatial light modulator and automatically controlled optical phase modulation module into human eye
On film.
2. augmented reality display optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the light source module group is sent out including light
Penetrate unit, optical collimator, combiner device, coupling optical fiber and collimation microscope group.
3. augmented reality display optical system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the light source module group, which further includes, to disappear
Speckle device.
4. augmented reality display optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the horizontal light guide is included at least
The tilting prisms of two or including at least two oblique arrangements can thoroughly can antiplane mirror.
5. augmented reality display optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the horizontal light guide is by reflector
Part and diffraction element are formed, and the diffraction element is between the reflecting element and spatial light modulator.
6. augmented reality display optical system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the horizontal light guide further includes can
Thoroughly can anti-layer, it is described can thoroughly can anti-layer between the reflecting element and diffraction element.
7. augmented reality display optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the horizontal light guide by substrate and
Diffraction element is formed, and reflex is played in one side of the substrate away from diffraction element.
8. according to claim 1-7 any one of them augmented reality display optical systems, which is characterized in that the augmented reality
Display optical system further includes the angle control micro-structured component for reducing beam exit angle.
9. a kind of augmented reality display methods, which is characterized in that shown applied to any one augmented reality described in claim 1-8
Show optical system, the described method includes：
Aberration precorrection is carried out to every frame image to be displayed information；
The display time of image to be displayed described in a default frame is divided into first time period and second time period；
In first time period, image to be displayed information described in a frame is sent to the spatial light modulator, controls the automatically controlled light
It is in running order to learn phase-modulation module, the light source module group and the spatial light modulator；
In second time period, the control control automatically controlled optical phase modulation module and the spatial light modulator are in inoperative
State.
10. a kind of augmented reality display methods, which is characterized in that applied to any one augmented reality described in claim 1-8
Display optical system, the described method includes：
The display time of default frame image to be displayed is divided into first time period and second time period；
The light beam that default frame image to be displayed is anticipated to the multi-wavelength to be exported with the light source module group is corresponding
Multiframe monochrome image；
The first time period is divided into multiple sub- periods, each sub- period controls the light source module group to export a kind of ripple
Long light beam sends frame monochrome image corresponding with the light beam of this kind of wavelength to the spatial light modulator, controls the electricity
Control optical phase modulation module is in a kind of working condition, makes each sub- period by the automatically controlled optical phase modulation module
The convergent point of convergent beam after convergence is in same position；
In second time period, the control control automatically controlled optical phase modulation module and the spatial light modulator are in inoperative
State.
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| CN201711293113.5A CN108051917A (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2017-12-08 | Augmented reality display optical system and augmented reality display methods |
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| CN201711293113.5A CN108051917A (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2017-12-08 | Augmented reality display optical system and augmented reality display methods |
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