CN108051814A - A kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system - Google Patents
A kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108051814A CN108051814A CN201711269805.6A CN201711269805A CN108051814A CN 108051814 A CN108051814 A CN 108051814A CN 201711269805 A CN201711269805 A CN 201711269805A CN 108051814 A CN108051814 A CN 108051814A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/933—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of aircraft or spacecraft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar systems, it is made of a signal processing component in six 90 ° of wide visual field miniature monoblock receiving and transmitting front ends and satellite capsule for being evenly distributed on around satellite body, realizes that the in-orbit full filed scope proximity detection of satellite threatens target and the purpose of anti-collision early warning.The present invention be directed to the Anticollision Radar technology of satellite, have simple in structure, weight is small, low in energy consumption, independently implements the functions such as thermal control, omnibearing protection satellite, has novelty.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar systems, can be applied to the spacecrafts such as satellite, space station
The fields such as space anticollision evade for satellite anticollision and provide metrical information with security protection.
Background technology
With the fast development of space flight, space device, space trash etc. are more and more, the satellite of high value, space station
Wait spacecrafts it is in-orbit with space junk, probability that antarafacial Orbital Space Vehicle, change rail satellite etc. collide it is increasing.It is existing
Anticollision Radar technology is primarily directed to automobile industry, usually only front end, rear end, side segment layout Anticollision Radar, and the present invention carries
A kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system is gone out, has been used for space Satellite, it is broken to evade space for satellite
Piece, space device equivalent risk provide safeguard.
In terms of patent；A kind of wherein " automobile collision preventing millimetre-wave radar system " (number of patent application：
CN201610341257.2 a kind of automobile anti-collision radar system) is disclosed, there is radial direction and horizontal two-dimensional measurement ability, according to peace
Full criterion judges whether risk object.《A kind of obstacle avoidance sensor and collision prevention of vehicle radar system》(number of patent application：
CN201510242189.X patent publication No.s：CN104880709A a kind of obstacle avoidance sensor and collision prevention of vehicle radar system) are disclosed
System, including position information acquisition module and distance measurement module, interface connection status can be according to the actual installation of sensor
Position is adjusted.《A kind of Vehicular millimeter-wave train collision avoidance radar system》(number of patent application：CN201310099787.7 patents
Publication number CN103235310B) its anti-collision radar system is mounted on train, it can accurately detect the obstacle in front of train
Object, so as to fulfill train collision prevention function.Patent above is the anti-collision radar system for truck combination.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is disclosing a kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system, the in-orbit full filed of satellite is realized
Scope proximity detection threatens target and the purpose of anti-collision early warning.The system can be with threat target phase in test constantly sphere of action
The information such as direction, Range And Range Rate to satellite body, and it is supplied to satellite GNC subsystem so that satellite decision-making is prevented
Hit avoidance.
In order to achieve the goal above, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme：
A kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system, comprising：At least six receiving and transmitting front ends, are uniformly arranged on respectively
Around satellite body.And make the signal processing component of information exchange with each receiving and transmitting front end.Each receiving and transmitting front end
The control signal exported according to the signal processing component threatened in the range of full filed the detection of target, and to the signal
Processing component feed back in the range of the full filed threaten target relative satellite body with direction, Range And Range Rate information
Echo-signal.The signal processing component handles the echo-signal and is conveyed to satellite GNC subsystem, the satellite
GNC subsystem control satellite carries out anticollision avoidance.
Preferably, the signal processing component includes microwave source receiver, makees information exchange with the microwave source receiver
Signal processor.The microwave source receiver provides the intermediate frequency outwards emitted to each receiving and transmitting front end transmitting and encourages letter
Number and receive the local oscillated signal of echo signal of intermediate frequency and coherent clock signal of each receiving and transmitting front end output, and
Echo signal of intermediate frequency this described is amplified, is nursed one's health and automatic growth control.The signal processor is described micro- for receiving
The echo signal of intermediate frequency of wave source receiver output, and analog-to-digital conversion, signal detection, information extraction are carried out to the echo signal of intermediate frequency
With the Digital Signal Processing of transmitting-receiving sequential, radar working condition and communication are controlled based on treated the echo signal of intermediate frequency
System.The high voltage primary power source that satellite provides is transformed into low-voltage secondary power supply by secondary power supply, is carried for the radar system
For the working power of relevant voltage.
Preferably, each receiving and transmitting front end is equipped with the antenna of integrated design and TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies；The antenna uses
Low-frequency range broad beam antenna, for the transmitting and reception of signal in big field range.The TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies receive the intermediate frequency
Pumping signal carries out up-conversion, enhanced processing and defeated is fed out through antenna to target.Meanwhile the target radio frequency of reception antenna feedback
Echo-signal, and low noise amplification is carried out to the target radio frequency echo-signal and obtains echo signal of intermediate frequency with down-converted, it is defeated
Go out to the microwave source receiver.
Preferably, the microwave source receiver includes circulator, and the frequency source unit being connected respectively with the circulator connects
Receipts machine unit and electronic switch matrix.The electronic switch matrix is equipped with the switch to match with the receiving and transmitting front end
Unit.Switch unit in the electronic switch matrix is connected with the TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies in the receiving and transmitting front end, and control is more
A receiving and transmitting front end time-sharing work, the information of the threat target of each receiving and transmitting front end acquisition are anti-to the signal processing component
Feedback.The frequency source unit provides stable local oscillated signal for the HF receiver that this radar system is equipped with, while is TR
Transmitting-receiving subassembly provides intermediate frequency pumping signal.The receiver unit receives the intermediate frequency from receiving and transmitting front end feedback of circulator output
Echo-signal；And reception, amplification, conditioning to the echo signal of intermediate frequency etc., adjust receiver unit under digital AGC
Channel gain, filtering is amplified to the echo signal of intermediate frequency and with outer clutter recognition；The circulator is used to implement receipts
Hair isolation.
Preferably, the signal processor includes information process unit and interface control unit, described information processing unit
It is connected by connector with the interface control unit, the interface control unit is used to receive GNC computer instructions and data
Injection sends control signal to described information processing unit, and feeds back the ground measured data for including measurement data and telemetry.Institute
Information process unit is stated for according to the working conditions turn such as standby, the autonomous, test of control signal control microwave radar that receives
It changes；It is responsible for completing sampling, the accumulation of target echo signal, completes target search, detection, tracking and measurement, through connector to institute
State interface control unit output target relative distance, relative velocity.
Preferably, the receiving and transmitting front end is connected by immediate frequency cable with electronic switch matrix；The receiving and transmitting front end is also
It is connected with signal processor by low-frequency cable and is connected by radio-frequency cable with microwave source receiver.
Preferably, the receiving and transmitting front end of the Anticollision Radar further respectively has thermistor, is used to perceive outside satellite capsule and receive
The temperature of front end is sent out, according to the real-time control radar transmitting signal width of temperature and repetition, there is autonomous thermal control out of my cabin.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：
This Anticollision Radar is designed for the anticollision of satellite omnidirectional, has the advantages of lightweight, miniaturization, simple in structure,
Convenient for design.This Anticollision Radar utilizes six channel electron switching switches, realizes six receiving and transmitting front end time-sharing works, one is only needed in cabin
Platform signal handling equipment, system weight is light and small power consumption.Before this Anticollision Radar is using 6 wide visual field miniature monoblock transmitting-receivings
End, is evenly distributed on around satellite body, can be completely covered in 360 ° × 360 ° field ranges of full filed and threaten target
Detection.The receiving and transmitting front end of this Anticollision Radar has temperature control function out of my cabin, in thermistor perceive receiving and transmitting front end out of my cabin
Temperature, by changing radar emission signal width and repetition, realize the autonomous thermal control function of radar transceiver front-end out of my cabin.This anticollision
Radar Design has model selection function, and operating mode 0 and operating mode 1 can be performed with selecting sequence, equal to far and near distance target
It is detected and is tracked, the radar full filed range searching time is 6s；It can also select to only carry out operating mode 1, to full filed
Spatial domain carries out target search and tracking in 1.5km, and the half of radar full filed search time reduction at this time, is 3s, is had quick
Detection and ability of tracking.This Anticollision Radar has the advantage of low-power consumption, and above-mentioned all functions can be completed within 36W.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of basic composition structure diagram of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the interface diagram of Anticollision Radar integration receiving and transmitting front end of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a, 3b and 3c are respectively normal transmission and receive sequence diagram, when thermal control emits and receives when increasing transmitting signal
Sequence figure and thermal control emit when reducing repetition and receive sequence diagram；
Fig. 4 is that a kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional's anti-collision radar system of the present invention shows what search and track stage distance segment divided
It is intended to.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, by the way that a preferable specific embodiment is described in detail, the present invention is further elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system of the present invention, comprising：The integration receipts of microminiature
Front end and a signal processing component are sent out, the integration receiving and transmitting front end is above deck equipment；The signal processing component is set in cabin
It is standby.The integration receiving and transmitting front end is set there are six receiving and transmitting front end 1~6, and each receiving and transmitting front end is by a TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies and an antenna
Composition, the TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies make information exchange between the two with antenna.Six receiving and transmitting front ends 1~6, which are evenly distributed on, to be defended
Around star body.The beam angle of each receiving and transmitting front end is 100 °, and field range is 90 ° × 90 °, has 10 ° of wave cover, makes
After being evenly distributed on 6 receiving and transmitting front ends around satellite body, it can be completely covered in 360 ° × 360 ° field ranges of full filed
Threaten the detection of target.
In the present embodiment, the antenna is broad beam antenna, and design broad beam antenna is L-band, and 3dB beam angles are
100 °, in-beam gain is >=0dB, highest-gain >=3dB, antenna aperture≤400mm.TR transmitting-receiving subassembly working frequencies are
1.2GHz~1.4GHz, small-signal gain 31dB, output power 49dBm, operating voltage 28V, work efficiency 68%.Each transmitting-receiving
Front end weight≤0.5kg, power consumption≤5W.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned each receiving and transmitting front end is additionally provided with a thermistor, and each thermistor can perceive cabin
Then the temperature of outer receiving and transmitting front end changes radar emission signal width and repetition, realize the autonomous thermal control of radar transceiver front-end out of my cabin
Function.Radar has fixed power consumption 1W when receiving, radar acquiescence transmitting signal repetition is 10kHz, and transmitting signal width is 4us, is accounted for
For sky than being 4%, transmitting signal peak power is 80W, and each efficiency for receiving and dispatching leading portion TR components is 68%, radar emission heat power consumption
For 4.71W, therefore radar total power consumption is 5.71W；If receiving and transmitting front end temperature is relatively low, signal width can be emitted by increasing,
Such as increase to 25us, duty cycle 25%, radar emission heat power consumption is 29.41W, therefore radar total power consumption is up to 30.41W；Such as
Fruit receiving and transmitting front end temperature drift can emit signal repetition by reducing, such as be reduced to 1kHz, radar emission heat power consumption is
0.029W, therefore radar total power consumption is up to 1W or so.During specific thermal control, transmitting and reception timing variations such as Fig. 3 a, 3b and 3c institutes
Show.
The signal processing component that a kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system of the present invention is equipped with includes：Microwave source receives
Machine, signal processor and secondary power supply.
Wherein, the microwave source receiver includes frequency source unit, receiver unit, circulator and the switching of six channel electrons
Switch.
The frequency source unit is used to provide stable local oscillated signal for the HF receiver that this radar system is equipped with,
Simultaneously intermediate frequency pumping signal is provided for TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies.The TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies receive intermediate frequency pumping signal carry out up-conversion,
Enhanced processing and exporting is fed out to antenna, while the target radio frequency echo-signal of reception antenna output, carry out low noise amplification with
Down-converted obtains echo signal of intermediate frequency, exports to receiver.
The receiver unit is used to be responsible for reception, amplification, conditioning of echo signal of intermediate frequency of receiving and transmitting front end feedback etc.,
The channel gain of receiver unit is adjusted under digital AGC, completes the amplification filtering of above-mentioned echo signal of intermediate frequency and with outer miscellaneous
Ripple inhibits.The circulator is used to implement transceiver insulation.
Six electronic switch in six channel electron switching switches are corresponding with the integrated receiving and transmitting front end respectively
Receiving and transmitting front end TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies connection, be used to implement the switching that signal processing component is connected with six receiving and transmitting front end signals.
The signal processor includes information process unit and interface control unit.Described information processing unit is by patching
Part is connected with the interface control unit, and the interface control unit is for receiving GNC computer instructions and data injection, to institute
It states information process unit and sends control signal, and feed back the ground measured data for including measurement data and telemetry；At described information
Reason unit is used for according to working conditions conversions such as standby, the autonomous, tests of control signal control microwave radar received；It has been responsible for
Sampling into target echo signal, accumulation, complete target search, detection, tracking and measurement, through connector to the Interface Controller
The information such as unit output target relative distance, relative velocity.
The secondary power supply is that the high voltage primary power source that satellite provides is transformed into low-voltage secondary power supply, is each unit
It works with module and the working power of relevant voltage is provided.
In the present embodiment, satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system by satellite capsule outside 6 integration transmitting-receivings before
1 signal processing component composition in end and cabin.Integrated receiving and transmitting front end out of my cabin is received and dispatched by low-frequency range broad beam antenna and TR
Component forms, for amplifying and feeding out radio frequency transmissions, reception, low noise amplification and down-converted rf echo signal.
Signal processing component in cabin is made of microwave source receiver, signal processor and secondary power supply, and major function is respectively：For
The intermediate frequency pumping signal of modulate emission and the local oscillated signal and coherent clock for generating reception；It is defeated to receive TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies
The intermediate-freuqncy signal gone out, be amplified, nurse one's health with automatic growth control etc., carry out analog-to-digital conversion, Digital Signal Processing, signal detection
With information extraction and transmitting-receiving sequential, the control of radar working condition and communication；The high voltage primary power source that satellite is provided changes
Into low-voltage secondary power supply, the working power of relevant voltage is provided for the radar system.
As shown in Fig. 2, medium-frequency receiving and sending signal of the integrated receiving and transmitting front end by immediate frequency cable input and output, the intermediate frequency letter of input
Number generate transmitting signal for up-conversion, the intermediate-freuqncy signal of output is receives the signal after radiofrequency signal down coversion, and output is to connecing
Receipts machine unit；The local oscillation signal of radio-frequency cable input, for the local oscillated signal of up-conversion and down coversion；And low-frequency cable is defeated
Enter thermistor telemetered signal, power input, timing control, T/R transmitting reception controls and the telemetering of power signal of output, carry out
Autonomous thermal control, power supply, control and the state telemetering of component out of my cabin.
As shown in Figure 3a, Anticollision Radar can perceive the temperature of receiving and transmitting front end out of my cabin by the thermistor in receiving and transmitting front end
Degree then by changing radar emission signal width and repetition, realizes the autonomous thermal control function of radar transceiver front-end out of my cabin.If it receives
It is relatively low to send out head temperature, signal width can be emitted by increasing, as shown in Figure 3b, duty cycle increase, radar emission heat power consumption
Increase；If receiving and transmitting front end temperature drift, signal repetition, as shown in Figure 3c, radar emission heat power consumption can be emitted by reducing
It reduces.Therefore, by adjusting the heat power consumption of receiving and transmitting front end, and then the temperature control of receiving and transmitting front end out of my cabin is realized.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 4, demand for search and track, the effect of design anti-collision radar system radar away from
From for 50m~1.5km (expansible operating distance 3km), microwave system two kinds of distance modes in search and track stage design are covered
Lid full distance scope.Wherein theory action distance 37.5m~1.58km of microwave system distance mode 1, search and track range gate
Width is about 3km, and design work distance segment is 50m~1.5km；Theory action distance 0.6m~3.17km of distance mode 0, is searched
Rope tracking range gate-width degree is about 10km, and design work distance segment is 1.5km~3km.Wherein far and near distance target is carried out
Detection and tracking, radar full filed range searching time are 6s；It can also select to only carry out operating mode 1, to full filed 1.5km
Interior spatial domain carries out target search and tracking, at this time radar full filed search time reduce half, be 3s, have quickly detection and
Ability of tracking.
Finally anti-collision radar system design weight and power consumption are distributed, see Tables 1 and 2
Each unit mass distribution table of 1 anti-collision radar system of table
2 anti-collision radar system power consumption allocation table of table
Then a kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system of the invention can realize above all of function in 36W.
Present disclosure is discussed in detail by above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that the description above
It is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read the above, for a variety of of the present invention
Modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system, which is characterized in that include：
At least six receiving and transmitting front ends, are uniformly arranged on around satellite body respectively；
And make the signal processing component of information exchange with each receiving and transmitting front end；
The control signal that each receiving and transmitting front end is exported according to the signal processing component carries out threatening mesh in the range of full filed
Target detects, and is fed back to the signal processing component and threaten carrying for target relative satellite body square in the range of the full filed
To the echo-signal of, Range And Range Rate information；
The signal processing component handles the echo-signal and is conveyed to satellite GNC subsystem, and GNC points of the satellite is
System control satellite carries out anticollision avoidance.
2. satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The signal processing component includes microwave source receiver, makees the signal processing of information exchange with the microwave source receiver
Machine；
The microwave source receiver provides the intermediate frequency pumping signal outwards emitted to each receiving and transmitting front end transmitting and receives
The local oscillated signal of echo signal of intermediate frequency and coherent clock signal of each receiving and transmitting front end output, and to intermediate frequency this described
Echo-signal is amplified, nurses one's health and automatic growth control；
The signal processor is used to receive the echo signal of intermediate frequency of the microwave source receiver output, and the intermediate frequency echo is believed
Number analog-to-digital conversion, signal detection, information extraction and the Digital Signal Processing for receiving and dispatching sequential are carried out, returned based on treated the intermediate frequency
Ripple signal controls radar working condition and communication；
The high voltage primary power source that satellite provides is transformed into low-voltage secondary power supply by secondary power supply, is the radar system
The working power of relevant voltage is provided.
3. satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
Each receiving and transmitting front end is equipped with the antenna of integrated design and TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies；The antenna uses low-frequency range broad beam
Antenna, for the transmitting and reception of signal in big field range；
The TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies receive the intermediate frequency pumping signal, carry out up-conversion, enhanced processing and defeated are presented through antenna to target
Go out,
Meanwhile the target radio frequency echo-signal of reception antenna feedback, and low noise amplification is carried out to the target radio frequency echo-signal
Echo signal of intermediate frequency is obtained with down-converted, is exported to the microwave source receiver.
4. satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
The microwave source receiver include circulator, the frequency source unit being connected respectively with the circulator, receiver unit and
Electronic switch matrix；
The electronic switch matrix is equipped with the switch unit to match with the receiving and transmitting front end；
Switch unit in the electronic switch matrix is connected with the TR transmitting-receiving subassemblies in the receiving and transmitting front end, and control is multiple
Receiving and transmitting front end time-sharing work, the information of the threat target of each receiving and transmitting front end acquisition are fed back to the signal processing component；
The frequency source unit provides stable local oscillated signal for the HF receiver that this radar system is equipped with, while is TR
Transmitting-receiving subassembly provides intermediate frequency pumping signal；
The receiver unit receives the echo signal of intermediate frequency from receiving and transmitting front end feedback of circulator output；And to the intermediate frequency
Reception, amplification, conditioning of echo-signal etc. adjust the channel gain of receiver unit, to the intermediate frequency under digital AGC
Echo-signal is amplified filtering and with outer clutter recognition；The circulator is used to implement transceiver insulation.
5. satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that
The signal processor include information process unit and interface control unit, described information processing unit by connector with
The interface control unit connection, the interface control unit is for receiving GNC computer instructions and data injection, to the letter
It ceases processing unit and sends control signal, and feed back the ground measured data for including measurement data and telemetry；
Described information processing unit is used for according to work such as standby, the autonomous, tests of control signal control microwave radar received
State transition；It is responsible for completing sampling, the accumulation of target echo signal, target search, detection, tracking and measurement is completed, through patching
Part exports target relative distance, relative velocity to the interface control unit.
6. satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that
The receiving and transmitting front end is connected by immediate frequency cable with electronic switch matrix；The receiving and transmitting front end also passes through low-frequency cable
It is connected with signal processor and is connected by radio-frequency cable with microwave source receiver.
7. satellite miniaturization omnidirectional anti-collision radar system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The receiving and transmitting front end of the Anticollision Radar further respectively has thermistor, is used to perceive the temperature of the outer receiving and transmitting front end of satellite capsule
Degree according to the real-time control radar transmitting signal width of temperature and repetition, has the function of autonomous thermal control out of my cabin.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114325715A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-04-12 | 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 | Radar structure and system |
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