CN108043454B - Mesoporous basic catalyst and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000005677 organic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium acetate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940112016 barium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003916 ethylene diamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007172 homogeneous catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005832 oxidative carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/82—Phosphates
- B01J29/83—Aluminophosphates [APO compounds]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C68/00—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C68/06—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from organic carbonates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a mesoporous alkaline catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of catalysts and preparation methods thereof. The mesoporous alkaline catalyst takes alkaline earth metal soluble salt as a precursor, and alkaline earth metal elements are introduced into a framework of an aluminum phosphate material to form a composite alkaline material with a uniform mesoporous structure, wherein the alkaline earth metal partially replaces aluminum; the preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving aluminum nitrate, citric acid and alkali earth metal soluble salt in distilled water, stirring, adding phosphoric acid, adjusting the pH value of a system to 4.9-5.1, stirring, drying, and roasting in a muffle furnace; the prepared mesoporous alkaline catalyst can be used for catalyzing alcohol and diethyl carbonate to perform ester exchange reaction at the temperature below the boiling point of diethyl carbonate to prepare asymmetric organic carbonate. The preparation method has simple process and low cost, and the catalyst shows extremely high catalytic activity at low temperature, is easy to separate and can be recycled for multiple times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysts and preparation methods thereof, and particularly relates to an alkaline mesoporous catalyst for preparing asymmetric organic carbonate by catalyzing ester exchange reaction between alcohol (aliphatic monohydric alcohol and aromatic monohydric alcohol) and diethyl carbonate below the boiling point of diethyl carbonate.
Background
Organic carbonate is a typical 'green chemical' product, meets the requirements of clean production and green chemical industry, draws great attention at home and abroad, and the research on the organic carbonate is rapidly developed in recent years. Organic carbonates are important intermediates for the synthesis of organic chemical reagents, and are used as monomers for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, lubricants, organic glass, dyes, fuel additives, etc., and are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, the synthetic polymer industry, etc.
The traditional technology for producing organic carbonate mainly adopts a phosgene method, the harm of the phosgene method production to human beings is more and more important in recent years, and the phosgene method production is prohibited in many countries in the world, so the green synthesis of the organic carbonate becomes a national standardThe focus of internal and external researchers. In general, there are mainly 4 main studies on the clean production technology of organic carbonates: oxidative carbonylation process, transesterification process, urea alcoholysis process and CO2A direct synthesis method. Wherein, the product yield of the ester exchange method is high, the whole reaction process is nontoxic, and the method is the main method for industrially producing organic carbonate at home and abroad at present. Transesterification of diethyl carbonate with alcohols (aliphatic and aromatic monoalcohols) is an important method for the preparation of asymmetric organic carbonates.
Initially, people adopted K2CO3Homogeneous catalysts such as sodium ethoxide and sodium hydroxide catalyze such reactions, but the homogeneous catalysis and the separation of the reaction system are difficult. Heterogeneous catalysts can solve the above problems.
In the literature, organic amine (TBD) is immobilized on MCM-41 to synthesize a heterogeneous catalyst MCM-41-TBD for catalyzing the reaction of benzyl alcohol and diethyl carbonate. MCM-41-TBD catalytic performance is good, and 8h conversion rate of benzyl alcohol can reach 96%. However, the loss of active components caused by the solid-supported organic components on the inorganic carrier is avoided, and the stability of the catalyst is poor.
In addition, the Mg L a mixed oxide and the nano MgO both have better catalytic effect on the reaction, wherein the catalytic performance of the nano MgO is particularly remarkable.
In general, in the transesterification of alcohols (aliphatic monohydric alcohols and aromatic monohydric alcohols) with diethyl carbonate to produce asymmetric organic carbonates, the following problems are reported in the current patents and literature: the reaction temperature is high, and the energy consumption is high; the reaction is time-consuming and the catalytic efficiency is low; the activity and stability of the catalyst still have certain problems, and the activity is poor when the catalyst is recycled. Thus limiting its industrial large-scale application.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mesoporous basic catalyst for preparing asymmetric organic carbonate by catalyzing an ester exchange reaction between an alcohol (an aliphatic monohydric alcohol and an aromatic monohydric alcohol) and diethyl carbonate, so as to achieve the purposes of completing the reaction below the boiling point temperature of diethyl carbonate, having efficient low-temperature catalytic performance and stability, and being capable of being regenerated and reused for multiple times.
The technical problem is solved by the following technical scheme:
a mesoporous alkaline catalyst is characterized in that alkaline earth metal soluble salt is used as a precursor, and alkaline earth metal elements are introduced into a framework of an aluminum phosphate material to form a composite alkaline material with a uniform mesoporous structure, wherein the alkaline earth metal partially replaces aluminum.
Preferably, the soluble salt of the alkaline earth metal is nitrate or acetate of the alkaline earth metal, and the alkaline earth metal element is Mg, Ca or Ba.
Preferably, the substitution rate of the alkaline earth metal for aluminum is 5% to 10%, that is, in the final composite material skeleton, the molar ratio of the alkaline earth metal: 1, aluminum: 9 to 19.
A preparation method of a mesoporous alkaline catalyst comprises the steps of dissolving aluminum nitrate, citric acid and alkali earth metal soluble salt in distilled water, stirring, and adding phosphoric acid, wherein the molar ratio of the alkali earth metal in the alkali earth metal soluble salt is as follows: aluminum in the aluminum nitrate is 0.05-0.2: 1, (aluminum element + alkaline earth metal element): citric acid: dropwise adding an amine substance at room temperature to adjust the pH value of the system to 4.9-5.1, stirring, drying, and roasting in a muffle furnace for 3-6 hours to obtain a white powdery mesoporous alkaline catalyst; the amine substance is ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine or 10% diluted ammonia water; the alkaline earth metal soluble salt is one of magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, barium nitrate, magnesium acetate, calcium acetate and barium acetate; the roasting temperature is 500-700 ℃.
Preferred alkaline earth metal soluble salts are magnesium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
The preferred molar ratio of alkaline earth metal to aluminum is 0.1: 1.
the preferred amine species is ethylenediamine.
The preferred firing temperature is 600 ℃.
The application of the mesoporous basic catalyst is to catalyze alcohol and diethyl carbonate to perform ester exchange reaction at the temperature below the boiling point of diethyl carbonate to prepare asymmetric organic carbonate, wherein the alcohol is aliphatic monohydric alcohol or aromatic monohydric alcohol, and the molar ratio of the alcohol to the diethyl carbonate is 0.02:33, the dosage of the mesoporous alkaline catalyst is 0.6-5% of the total mass of the alcohol and the diethyl carbonate, the reaction temperature is 60-100 ℃, and the reaction time is 2-12 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration. The content of the asymmetric organic carbonate can be measured by gas chromatography to determine the conversion rate of diethyl carbonate and the yield of the asymmetric organic carbonate.
Has the advantages that:
1. the preparation method of the mesoporous solid alkaline catalyst has the advantages of simple process, low price of raw materials and reduction of the cost of the catalyst.
2. The mesoporous solid alkaline catalyst of the invention has extremely high catalytic activity below the boiling point of diethyl carbonate, greatly reduces the energy consumption in the reaction process, and the results are superior to other disclosed catalysts for catalyzing the reaction of alcohol and diethyl carbonate for synthesizing asymmetric organic carbonate.
3. When the mesoporous solid basic catalyst is used for preparing asymmetric organic carbonate, the mesoporous solid basic catalyst has better low-temperature reaction activity, is easy to separate and can be recycled for multiple times, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged, and the cost is further reduced.
Detailed Description
Example 1
1) Catalyst preparation
24g of aluminum nitrate, 1g of magnesium nitrate and 12g of citric acid are dissolved in 200m L distilled water, after stirring for 30min, 8.0m L of phosphoric acid (85 wt%) is slowly added, 10 wt% of dilute ammonia water is dropwise added at room temperature to adjust the pH value of the system to 4.9, stirring is continued for 4h, water bath drying at 80 ℃ is carried out to obtain a white solid, the solid is roasted in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 3h, and the obtained white powder is recorded as MgAlPO-1.
2) Transesterification Activity test experiment
0.02mmol of benzyl alcohol, 33mmol of diethyl carbonate and 0.025g of the catalyst are added into a 50m L flask and stirred for reaction, the reaction temperature is 100 ℃, the reaction time is 2 hours, after the reaction is finished, the catalyst is filtered off, the content of the benzyl alcohol and the asymmetric organic carbonate is measured by adopting a gas chromatography, the conversion rate of the diethyl carbonate is 90 percent, and the activity is basically kept unchanged after five times of circulation.
Example 2
1) Catalyst preparation
24g of aluminum nitrate, 1.5g of calcium nitrate and 12g of citric acid are dissolved in 200m L of distilled water, after stirring for 30min, 8.5m L of phosphoric acid (85 wt%) is slowly added, ethylenediamine is dropwise added at room temperature to adjust the pH value of the system to 5.0, stirring is continued for 4h, water bath drying at 80 ℃ is carried out to obtain a white solid, the solid is roasted in a muffle furnace at 600 ℃ for 3h, and the obtained white powder is marked as CaAlPO-1.
2) Transesterification Activity test experiment
0.02mmol D L-1-phenethyl alcohol and 33mmol diethyl carbonate and 0.05g of the catalyst are added into a 50m L flask and stirred for reaction at the reaction temperature of 80 ℃ for 3h, after the reaction is finished, the catalyst is filtered off, the contents of the benzyl alcohol and the asymmetric organic carbonate are measured by gas chromatography, the conversion rate of the diethyl carbonate is 96 percent, and the activity is basically kept unchanged after five times of circulation.
Example 3
1) Catalyst preparation
24g of aluminum nitrate, 2.1g of barium nitrate and 12g of citric acid are dissolved in 200m L of distilled water, after stirring for 30min, 9.0m L of phosphoric acid (85 wt%) is slowly added, ethylenediamine is dropwise added at room temperature to adjust the pH value of the system to 5.1, stirring is continued for 4h, water bath drying at 80 ℃ is carried out to obtain a white solid, the solid is roasted in a muffle furnace at 700 ℃ for 3h, and the obtained white powder is recorded as BaAlPO-1.
2) Transesterification Activity test experiment
0.02mmol of cyclohexanol and 33mmol of diethyl carbonate are added into a 50m L flask, and 0.05g of the catalyst is stirred for reaction at the reaction temperature of 90 ℃ for 5h, after the reaction is completed, the catalyst is filtered off, the content of benzyl alcohol and asymmetric organic carbonate is measured by gas chromatography, the conversion rate of the diethyl carbonate is 91%, and the activity is basically kept unchanged after five times of circulation.
Example 4
1) Catalyst preparation
24g of aluminum nitrate, 1.2g of magnesium acetate and 12g of citric acid are dissolved in 200m L distilled water, after stirring for 30min, 8.5m L of phosphoric acid (85 wt%) is slowly added, hexamethylenediamine is dropwise added at room temperature to adjust the pH value of the system to 5.0, stirring is continued for 4h, water bath drying at 80 ℃ is carried out to obtain a white solid, the solid is roasted in a muffle furnace at 600 ℃ for 3h, and the obtained white powder is marked as MgAlPO-2.
2) Transesterification Activity test experiment
0.02mmol of n-butanol and 33mmol of diethyl carbonate are added into a 50m L flask, and 0.15g of the catalyst is stirred for reaction at the reaction temperature of 60 ℃ for 12h, after the reaction is completed, the catalyst is filtered off, the content of benzyl alcohol and asymmetric organic carbonate is measured by gas chromatography, the conversion rate of the diethyl carbonate is 89%, and the activity is basically kept unchanged after five times of circulation.
Example 5
1) Catalyst preparation
24g of aluminum nitrate, 1.8g of calcium acetate and 12g of citric acid are dissolved in 200m L distilled water, after stirring for 30min, 8.5m L of phosphoric acid (85 wt%) is slowly added, 10 wt% of dilute ammonia water is added dropwise at room temperature to adjust the pH value of the system to 5.1, stirring is continued for 4h, water bath drying at 80 ℃ is carried out to obtain a white solid, the solid is roasted in a muffle furnace at 600 ℃ for 3h, and the obtained white powder is marked as CaAlPO-2.
2) Transesterification Activity test experiment
0.02mmol of n-decanol and 33mmol of diethyl carbonate are added into a 50m L flask, and 0.12g of the catalyst is stirred for reaction at the reaction temperature of 75 ℃ for 12h, after the reaction is finished, the catalyst is filtered off, the content of benzyl alcohol and asymmetric organic carbonate is measured by gas chromatography, the conversion rate of the diethyl carbonate is 90%, and the activity is basically kept unchanged after five times of circulation.
Example 6
1) Catalyst preparation
24g of aluminum nitrate, 2.0g of barium acetate and 12g of citric acid are dissolved in 200m L of distilled water, after stirring for 30min, 8.0m L of phosphoric acid (85 wt%) is slowly added, ethylenediamine is dropwise added at room temperature to adjust the pH value of the system to 4.9, stirring is continued for 4h, water bath drying at 80 ℃ is carried out to obtain a white solid, the solid is roasted in a muffle furnace at 600 ℃ for 3h, and the obtained white powder is recorded as BaAlPO-2.
2) Transesterification Activity test experiment
0.02mmol of 2-phenethyl alcohol and 33mmol of diethyl carbonate are added into a 50m L flask, and the mixture is stirred to react with 0.1g of the catalyst, the reaction temperature is 85 ℃, the reaction time is 8h, after the reaction is finished, the catalyst is filtered off, the content of the benzyl alcohol and the asymmetric organic carbonate is measured by adopting a gas chromatography, the conversion rate of the diethyl carbonate is 93 percent, and the activity is basically kept unchanged after five times of circulation.
Claims (3)
1. The application of the mesoporous alkaline catalyst is characterized in that an ester exchange reaction is carried out between alcohol and diethyl carbonate at a temperature below the boiling point of diethyl carbonate to prepare asymmetric organic carbonate, wherein the alcohol is aliphatic monohydric alcohol or aromatic monohydric alcohol, the molar ratio of the alcohol to the diethyl carbonate is 0.02:33, the dosage of the mesoporous alkaline catalyst is 0.6-5% of the total mass of the alcohol and the diethyl carbonate, the reaction temperature is 60-100 ℃, and the reaction time is 2-12 hours; the mesoporous alkaline catalyst takes alkaline earth metal soluble salt as a precursor, and alkaline earth metal elements are introduced into a framework of an aluminum phosphate material to form a composite alkaline material with a uniform mesoporous structure, wherein the alkaline earth metal partially replaces aluminum; the mesoporous basic catalyst is prepared by the following method: dissolving aluminum nitrate, citric acid and alkali earth metal soluble salt in distilled water, stirring, and adding phosphoric acid, wherein the molar ratio of the alkali earth metal in the alkali earth metal soluble salt is as follows: adding an amine substance dropwise at room temperature to adjust the pH value of a system to be 4.9-5.1, stirring, drying, and roasting in a muffle furnace for 3-6 hours to obtain a white powdery mesoporous alkaline catalyst, wherein the aluminum in the aluminum nitrate accounts for 0.05-0.2: 1, (the aluminum element and the alkaline earth metal element) and the citric acid and the phosphoric acid account for 1.1:0.5: 1.0; the amine substance is ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine or 10% diluted ammonia water; the alkaline earth metal soluble salt is one of magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, barium nitrate, magnesium acetate, calcium acetate and barium acetate; the roasting temperature is 500-700 ℃.
2. The use of the mesoporous basic catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline earth metal element is Mg, Ca or Ba.
3. The use of the mesoporous basic catalyst according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the substitution rate of alkaline earth metal to aluminum is 5% to 10%, that is, the molar ratio of alkaline earth metal to aluminum in the final composite material skeleton is 1: 9-19.
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| CN110918107A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-27 | 南京卡邦科技有限公司 | Medicine intermediate 2-phenoxyaniline and preparation method thereof |
| CN112724017B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-09-20 | 吉林师范大学 | Method for synthesizing asymmetric organic carbonate at room temperature |
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