CN108039898B - Full-dimensional antenna heterogeneous network vertical dimension beam forming method - Google Patents

Full-dimensional antenna heterogeneous network vertical dimension beam forming method Download PDF

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CN108039898B
CN108039898B CN201711236215.3A CN201711236215A CN108039898B CN 108039898 B CN108039898 B CN 108039898B CN 201711236215 A CN201711236215 A CN 201711236215A CN 108039898 B CN108039898 B CN 108039898B
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CN108039898A (en
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赵伟
鲍慧
李保罡
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North China Electric Power University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H04B7/024—Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/336—Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
    • H04B17/3911—Fading models or fading generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0632—Channel quality parameters, e.g. channel quality indicator [CQI]

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Abstract

The invention discloses a beam forming method for maximizing the vertical dimension of average safe speed in configuring a full-dimensional antenna heterogeneous network. The method considers that the base station distribution, the legal user distribution and the wiretap user distribution adopt stereo random distribution for the first time, deduces the signal-to-noise ratio cumulative distribution function of the legal user and the wiretap user, and obtains an average safety rate closed expression according to the cumulative distribution function; thus, according to the closed expression, the vertical beam forming matrix is calculated, and the average safe speed is maximized.

Description

Full-dimensional antenna heterogeneous network vertical dimension beam forming method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mobile communication, and particularly relates to a vertical dimension beam forming method for a full-dimension antenna heterogeneous network.
Background
At present, heterogeneous network analysis and research is generally carried out under a two-dimensional random distribution model, and the method is mainly suitable for the scenes of rural areas or suburban areas and the like, but is not suitable for the urban central area environment with high distribution density. In the central area of the city, the distribution density of the micro base stations and users is high, and the proportion of vertical dimension distribution is high; the deployment of heterogeneous networks cannot be accurately analyzed by a heterogeneous network model distributed at random on a plane.
A portion of handset users act as potential eavesdroppers because of the broadcast nature of the wireless medium, and unauthorized recipients in the transmission range are a critical issue in cellular systems and security to enable legitimate users to eavesdrop on unicast transmissions. In the stereo heterogeneous network, the density of the base stations and the users is getting larger and the range in the vertical direction is also getting wider, and the physical layer security problem in the stereo heterogeneous network also faces more serious challenges.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a full-dimensional antenna vertical beam forming method for improving the average security rate of a physical layer of a micro base station user, aiming at improving the security performance of a physical layer of a heterogeneous cellular network configured with full-dimensional multi-antenna.
The embodiment of the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of full-dimensional antenna heterogeneous network vertical dimension beamforming, the method comprising:
the vertical dimension beam forming algorithm of the full-dimension antenna configuration heterogeneous network based on physical layer performance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, calculating the distribution density lambda of the macro base stationmModeling as three-dimensional independent poisson point process distribution;
b, calculating the ratio of signals of the macro base station and the micro base station to noise interference;
step C, estimating the distribution density lambda of the eavesdroppereModeling as three-dimensional independent poisson point process distribution;
step D, calculating the average safety rate of the micro base station user;
and E, fixing the densities of the micro base station and the macro base station, and calculating the optimal value of the downward inclination angle of the full-dimensional antenna.
Wherein, step A specifically includes:
a1, counting the number of macro base stations in a cellular cell within a planned heterogeneous range, and calculating the distribution density lambda of the macro base stations according to the covered volume of the heterogeneous networkm；
A2, according to distribution density λ of macro base stationmAnd constructing a distribution function of the macro base station, wherein the distribution function accords with the three-dimensional independent Poisson point distribution.
Wherein, step B specifically includes:
b1, establishing the vertical radiation mode of the full-dimensional antenna, namely the relation between the downward inclination angle and the channel fading amplitude,
Figure BDA0001489031260000021
where phi < 0 is the reception angle between the base station and the receiver, phitilt> 0 is the adjustment angle, phi3dBRepresents the 3dB beam width, AdBIs to leak the power of the signal outside the target cell;
b2, calculating the information interference noise ratio of the legal user u served by the micro base station, namely
Figure BDA0001489031260000022
Wherein Ip＝∑i∈Φp\{0}Pt|hj,0|2G(rj,0,φtilt)Kdi -(α+1)，Im＝∑k∈ΦmPm|gj,0|2Klj -(α+1)，PtIs the transmission power, P, of the micro base stationmIs the transmit power of the macro base station, δ2Is the noise power.
Wherein, step C specifically includes:
c1, estimating the distribution density lambda of the eavesdroppers of the heterogeneous network according to the historical time datae；
C2, according to the distribution density lambda of the eavesdroppereAnd constructing a distribution function of the macro base station, wherein the distribution function accords with the three-dimensional independent Poisson point distribution.
Wherein, step D specifically includes:
d1, calculating maximum mutual information C of the wiretap information of wiretap usereThe signal-to-noise ratio of the signal received by the eavesdropper is gammae；
D2, calculating to obtain the cumulative distribution function of the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the legal user, i.e.
Figure BDA0001489031260000031
D3, calculating the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio cumulative distribution function of the eavesdropper, i.e.
Figure BDA0001489031260000032
D4, calculating the average safe rate of the legal user as
Figure BDA0001489031260000033
Wherein
Figure BDA0001489031260000034
Wherein, step E specifically includes:
e1, fixing the distribution density of macro base station and micro base station as constant, and calculating the optimal channel fading value G by considering the distribution density of eavesdropping users as constant-1(x,φtilt)；
E2, according to fading value G-1(x,φtilt) To find out the optimum downward inclination angle phitilt。
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
the invention utilizes the space random geometry and random matrix method to analyze the distribution of the physical layer average transmission rate of the cellular heterogeneous network micro base station user configured with the full-dimension antenna, and according to the distribution, finds the channel attenuation function which can maximize the user average transmission rate, thereby finding the vertical beam forming downward inclination angle.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a full-dimensional antenna heterogeneous network vertical dimension beamforming method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As described in the background section, how to improve the security of the physical layer in the stereoheterogeneous network is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
The core idea of the invention is that with the introduction of full-dimensional multi-antenna, the vertical dimension can be flexibly adjusted, thereby further improving the performance of the heterogeneous network. The invention provides a method for optimizing physical layer security by a base station antenna inclination angle under the background of a stereo heterogeneous network. The antenna inclination angle in the vertical direction is added in the stereo heterogeneous cellular network, the spatial degree of freedom of the vertical dimension is increased, and the antenna inclination angle can be used for optimizing the wave beam in the vertical direction, so that each user in the heterogeneous network can be better tracked, and the physical layer safety performance is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a full-dimensional antenna heterogeneous network vertical dimension beamforming method, where the method includes:
the vertical dimension beam forming algorithm of the full-dimension antenna configuration heterogeneous network based on physical layer performance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, calculating the distribution density lambda of the macro base stationmModeling as three-dimensional independent poisson point process distribution;
b, calculating the ratio of signals of the macro base station and the micro base station to noise interference;
step C, estimating the distribution density lambda of the eavesdroppereModeling as three-dimensional independent poisson point process distribution;
step D, calculating the average safety rate of the micro base station user;
and E, fixing the densities of the micro base station and the macro base station, and calculating the optimal value of the downward inclination angle of the full-dimensional antenna.
Wherein, step A specifically includes:
a1, counting the number of macro base stations in a cellular cell within a planned heterogeneous range, and calculating the distribution density lambda of the macro base stations according to the covered volume of the heterogeneous networkm；
A2, according to distribution density λ of macro base stationmAnd constructing a distribution function of the macro base station, wherein the distribution function accords with the three-dimensional independent Poisson point distribution.
Wherein, step B specifically includes:
b1, establishing the vertical radiation mode of the full-dimensional antenna, namely the relation between the downward inclination angle and the channel fading amplitude,
Figure BDA0001489031260000051
where phi < 0 is the reception angle between the base station and the receiver, phitilt> 0 is the adjustment angle, phi3dBRepresents the 3dB beam width, AdBThe power of signals outside a target cell is leaked, and min (-) is the minimum value calculation;
b2, calculating the information interference noise ratio of the legal user u served by the micro base station, namely
Figure BDA0001489031260000052
Wherein Ip＝∑i∈Φp\{0}Pt|hj,0|2G(rj,0,φtilt)Kdi -(α+1)，Im＝∑k∈ΦmPm|gj,0|2Klj -(α+1)，PtIs the transmission power, P, of the micro base stationmIs the transmit power of the macro base station, δ2Is the noise power, r represents the distance between the micro base station and the target user,
Figure BDA0001489031260000053
PL(r0) Is the path loss per unit length at a frequency of 2.4GHz, its PL (r)0＝1m)＝40dB，r0Is the distance, h, between the target user and the macro base station0,0Channels representing useful signals, hj,0Representing an interference signal channel, gj,0For eavesdropping on user channels, diDistance of the ith interfering user, ljThe distance of the jth eavesdropping user;
wherein, step C specifically includes:
c1, estimating the distribution density lambda of the eavesdroppers of the heterogeneous network according to the historical time datae；
C2, according to the distribution density lambda of the eavesdroppereConstructing a distribution function of the macro base station, which conforms toThree-dimensional independent poisson point distribution.
Wherein, step D specifically includes:
d1, calculating maximum mutual information C of the wiretap information of wiretap usereThe signal-to-noise ratio of the signal received by the eavesdropper is gammae；
D2, calculating to obtain the cumulative distribution function of the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the legal user, i.e.
Figure BDA0001489031260000061
D3, calculating the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio cumulative distribution function of the eavesdropper, i.e.
Figure BDA0001489031260000062
D4, calculating the average safe rate of the legal user as
Figure BDA0001489031260000063
Wherein
Figure BDA0001489031260000064
Wherein, step E specifically includes:
e1, fixing the distribution density of macro base station and micro base station as constant, and calculating the optimal channel fading value G by considering the distribution density of eavesdropping users as constant-1(x,φtilt)；
E2, according to fading value G-1(x,φtilt) To find out the optimum downward inclination angle phitilt。
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
the invention utilizes the space random geometry and random matrix method to analyze the distribution of the physical layer average transmission rate of the cellular heterogeneous network micro base station user configured with the full-dimension antenna, and according to the distribution, finds the channel attenuation function which can maximize the user average transmission rate, thereby finding the vertical beam forming downward inclination angle.
The invention discloses a beam forming method for maximizing the vertical dimension of average safe speed in configuring a full-dimensional antenna heterogeneous network. The method considers that the base station distribution, the legal user distribution and the wiretap user distribution adopt stereo random distribution for the first time, deduces the signal-to-noise ratio cumulative distribution function of the legal user and the wiretap user, and obtains an average safety rate closed expression according to the cumulative distribution function; thus, according to the closed expression, the vertical beam forming matrix is calculated, and the average safe speed is maximized.
The invention utilizes the space random geometry and random matrix method to analyze the distribution of the physical layer average transmission rate of the cellular heterogeneous network micro base station user configured with the full-dimension antenna, and according to the distribution, finds the channel attenuation function which can maximize the user average transmission rate, thereby finding the vertical beam forming downward inclination angle.
In the description, each part is described in a progressive manner, each part is emphasized to be different from other parts, and the same and similar parts among the parts are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (1)

1. A full-dimensional antenna heterogeneous network vertical dimension beam forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, calculating the distribution density lambda of the macro base stationmModeling as three-dimensional independent poisson point process distribution;
b, calculating the ratio of signals of the macro base station and the micro base station to noise interference;
step C, estimating the distribution density lambda of the eavesdroppereModeling as three-dimensional independent poisson point process distribution;
step D, calculating the average safety rate of the micro base station user;
e, fixing the densities of the micro base station and the macro base station, and calculating the optimal value of the downward inclination angle of the full-dimensional antenna;
wherein, step A specifically includes:
a1, counting the number of macro base stations in a cellular cell within a planned heterogeneous range, and calculating the distribution density lambda of the macro base stations according to the covered volume of the heterogeneous networkm；
A2, according to distribution density λ of macro base stationmConstructing a distribution function of the macro base station, wherein the distribution function accords with three-dimensional independent Poisson point distribution;
wherein, step B specifically includes:
b1, establishing the vertical radiation mode of the full-dimensional antenna, namely the relation between the downward inclination angle and the channel fading amplitude,
Figure FDA0002810181230000011
where phi < 0, phi is the reception angle between the base station and the receiver, phitilt＞0，φtiltIs its downward inclination angle phi3dBRepresents the 3dB beam width, AdBIs to leak the power of the signal outside the target cell;
b2, calculating the information interference noise ratio of the legal user u served by the micro base station, namely
Figure FDA0002810181230000012
Wherein Ip＝∑i∈Φp\{0}Pt|hj,0|2G(rj,0,φtilt)Kdi -(α+1)，Im＝∑k∈ΦmPm|gj,0|2Klj -(α+1)，PtIs the transmission power, P, of the micro base stationmIs the transmit power of the macro base station, δ2Is the noise power, r represents the micro-baseThe distance between the station and the target user,
Figure FDA0002810181230000013
PL(r0) Is the path loss per unit length, r0Is the distance, h, between the target user and the macro base station0,0Channels representing useful signals, hj,0Representing an interference signal channel, gj,0For eavesdropping on user channels, diIs the distance from the ith interfering user to the legitimate user, ljThe distance from the jth wiretapping user to the legal user is obtained;
wherein, step C specifically includes:
c1, estimating the distribution density lambda of the eavesdroppers of the heterogeneous network according to the historical time datae；
C2, according to the distribution density lambda of the eavesdroppereConstructing a distribution function of the macro base station, wherein the distribution function accords with three-dimensional independent Poisson point distribution;
wherein, step D specifically includes:
d1, calculating maximum mutual information C of the wiretap information of wiretap usereThe signal-to-noise ratio of the signal received by the eavesdropper is gammae；
D2, calculating to obtain the cumulative distribution function of the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the legal user, i.e.
Figure FDA0002810181230000021
Figure FDA0002810181230000022
D3, calculating the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio cumulative distribution function of the eavesdropper, i.e.
Figure FDA0002810181230000023
Figure FDA0002810181230000024
D4, calculating the average safe rate of the legal user as
Figure FDA0002810181230000025
Wherein
Figure FDA0002810181230000026
Wherein, step E specifically includes:
e1, fixing the distribution density of macro base station and micro base station as constant, and calculating the optimal channel fading value G by considering the distribution density of eavesdropping users as constant-1(y,φtilt)；
E2, according to fading value G-1(y,φtilt) To find out the optimum downward inclination angle phitilt。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103532605A (en) * 2013-10-14 2014-01-22 北京邮电大学 3D (three-dimension) cell splitting method and 3D cell splitting system
CN104617994A (en) * 2014-12-22 2015-05-13 复旦大学 3D beam formation method based on horizontal and vertical combined optimization
WO2016065683A1 (en) * 2014-10-27 2016-05-06 西安交通大学 Three-dimensional beam forming design method in multi-user 3d-multiple input multiple output (mimo) system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103532605A (en) * 2013-10-14 2014-01-22 北京邮电大学 3D (three-dimension) cell splitting method and 3D cell splitting system
WO2016065683A1 (en) * 2014-10-27 2016-05-06 西安交通大学 Three-dimensional beam forming design method in multi-user 3d-multiple input multiple output (mimo) system
CN104617994A (en) * 2014-12-22 2015-05-13 复旦大学 3D beam formation method based on horizontal and vertical combined optimization

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