CN108039710A - A kind of power grid that air conditioner load based on step response participates in dispatching method a few days ago - Google Patents

A kind of power grid that air conditioner load based on step response participates in dispatching method a few days ago Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108039710A
CN108039710A CN201711114211.8A CN201711114211A CN108039710A CN 108039710 A CN108039710 A CN 108039710A CN 201711114211 A CN201711114211 A CN 201711114211A CN 108039710 A CN108039710 A CN 108039710A
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mrow
msub
load
air conditioner
heat
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CN108039710B (en
Inventor
葛维春
沈力
耿博文
杨俊友
崔嘉
李家珏
王顺江
罗桓桓
张铁岩
高凯
苏安龙
戈阳阳
朱钰
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Shenyang University of Technology
State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Shenyang University of Technology
State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
    • H02J2310/14—The load or loads being home appliances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/242—Home appliances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/242—Home appliances
    • Y04S20/244—Home appliances the home appliances being or involving heating ventilating and air conditioning [HVAC] units

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of power grid participated in the invention discloses air conditioner load based on step response dispatching method a few days ago, belongs to Operation of Electric Systems and scheduling field.When the present invention stops control for heavy construction central air conditioner system in the prior art using wheel, the heavy construction temperature of initiation can not be controlled accurately, power consumption cannot be accurate, and then power grid is caused to dispatch the technical problem of generated energy inaccuracy a few days ago, the feature extraction of air conditioner load is combined with Predicting Technique, extract history air conditioner load, establish each thermic load model of heavy construction and derive total heat duties model, the schedulable ability of heavy construction central air conditioner system is calculated, is participated in calling for bid and completing dispatching of power netwoks order according to dispatching.For grid side, load realizes peak load shifting, improves electricity net safety stable coefficient.For user side, save electricity and obtain the scheduled that power grid awards, be the development trend that intelligent grid participates in scheduling.That is the coordination control of user and power grid.

Description

A kind of power grid that air conditioner load based on step response participates in dispatching method a few days ago
Technical field
The present invention relates to Operation of Electric Systems and scheduling field, and in particular to a kind of air conditioner load ginseng based on step response With power grid dispatching method a few days ago.
Background technology
China's investment every year builds power station more than hundred billion yuans and meets summer peak of power consumption to power grid peaks demand. However, power plant it is annual using the time is short, unit cost is high, to severe environmental pollution the problems such as constantly deteriorate, it is and various negative Lotus is continuously increased, especially air conditioner load rapid growth in summer peak load.The prior art is dispatched often a few days ago for power grid The method of use：The extensive air conditioner load of public building in China has very big regulation and control potentiality at present.Network load spike Duration of load application is short, is only tens hours, and conventional rack peak regulation economy declines：Air-conditioning becomes the high, main cause of peakload, Developed regions are more than 1/3, or even close to 50%.7,200,000 KW of During Summer In Beijing air conditioner load in 2015, Jiangsu province in summer air conditioner load 27000000 KW, account for the 38% and 32% of peak load respectively.Air-conditioning participates in peak load regulation network measure and mainly 1. interrupts control in recent years System, i.e., appropriate closing air-conditioning equipment when needing；2. temperature control, the exactly temperature controller by operating user Desired temperature, to realize the regulation and control to air conditioner load.Above-mentioned technology is simple to realize load reduction but due to natural increasing The problems such as long rate it is continuous serious, these technologies can not achieve the purpose for electric load balance, so temporary based on the cycle Stop controlling, be called wheel and stop, refer to air conditioner refrigerating device implementation cycle property is opened/stopped, usually exist to air conditioner refrigerating device in a cycle The ratio shared by run time in cycle is called the mode of " duty cycle " and the scheduling of small-sized public building response power department Instruction carries out double-deck control, can accurately and effectively realize ionization equilibrium, and the economic interests of Utilities Electric Co. and traffic department Maximize, be the Operation Measures of two-win.
If power grid peak load only completes peak regulation by the power station installed, power generation and power supply cost can be continuously increased, by Very big in summer ratio in air conditioner load, air conditioner load is the effective way of a release pressure interference in power grid, while summer And extensive air conditioner load is used for the peak period of load peak regulation as virtual peak cell.
The prior art《The virtual peak regulation key technology research of the extensive air conditioner load of public building》, establish public building center The physical model of air-conditioning, by varying global temperature, increase chilled water temperature, closes fan coil, closing unit etc., reduces system The energy consumption of the physical models such as cold group, water pump, wind turbine, cooling tower, peak regulation is participated in so as to fulfill central air-conditioning.But in the paper Control strategy simply reach energy consumption reduction, can not realize accurate control for indoor temperature.Because indoor temperature control is One dynamic process, air-conditioning are also to continue sex work, and the prior art causes extremely limited for dispatching of power netwoks scope.
The content of the invention
When the present invention stops control for heavy construction central air conditioner system in the prior art using wheel, the heavy construction of initiation Temperature can not be controlled accurately, and power consumption cannot be accurate, and then the technical problem for causing power grid to dispatch generated energy inaccuracy a few days ago is asked Topic.The feature extraction of air conditioner load is combined with advanced Predicting Technique collection, it is accurate to extract history air conditioner load, establish large-scale build Build interior each thermic load model and derive total heat duties model, calculate the schedulable of public building central air conditioner system exactly Ability.On the basis of summer peak load regulation network is carried out, grid generation and the purpose of user power utilization balance are realized, for participating in peak regulation Heavy construction give certain indemnifying measure so that power grid and user's two-win effect.
To achieve these goals, the following technical solutions are proposed by the present invention：According to feature extraction, that is, baseline of air conditioner load Calculating method, extracts heavy construction history air conditioner load curve.It will influence most important three factors of air conditioner load：It is temperature, wet Degree and cumulative effect take into account and are classified as weighting one index of humiture, and by scheduling, bimestrial day weights comfort index a few days ago With heavy construction day air conditioner load data be put into reverse transmittance nerve network and be trained and correct, input as weighting temperature Wet index, exports as day air conditioner load.Finally enter in the case that output meets required precision, predicting scheduling, air-conditioning is born a few days ago Lotus curve.The indoor heat load model of public building is established, indoor various heat releases and accumulation of heat factor is considered, obtains the total cold of system But ability.Room temperature time-varying model when air-conditioning is shut down and operated is established, implements the control strategy that cold-storage wheel stops, according to each refrigeration machine The parameter of group, obtains the power consumption of each refrigeration unit of the control strategy, the air-conditioning power consumption calculated under final control strategy Schedulable scope of the difference of the air conditioner load curve obtained with Predicting Technique as heavy construction, is equivalent to a virtual peak regulation Unit, is provided to power grid accurate scheduling information daily based on the above method, avoids the unbalanced problem of electric system.Realize electricity Net power generation and the target of user power utilization balance, take corresponding indemnifying measure for the heavy construction for participating in scheduling, reach power grid With the interests two-win effect of user.
Comprise the following steps that：
Step 1：According to the baseline calculating method of air conditioner load, air conditioner load curve is calculated with the load curve of power grid.Specifically Step is：Based on the average value of the work daily load curve in spring and autumn, summer daily load curve is put down with spring and autumn The difference of equal load curve is exactly the air conditioner load curve on the same day, and the maximum of air conditioner load is exactly the air conditioner load on the same day, is obtained To the air conditioner load curve of the scheduling day previous moon.It will influence three factors of air conditioner load：Temperature, humidity, cumulative effect are returned To weight one index of humiture, by scheduling, weighting comfort index of bimestrial day and the air conditioner load of heavy construction day are put a few days ago It is trained and corrects into reverse transmittance nerve network, inputs to weight comfort index, export as day air conditioner load.It is final defeated Enter in the case that output meets required precision, predict scheduling air conditioner load a few days ago.
Step 2：The dynamic data of various thermic loads in public building room is normalized, by public building etc. Imitate as dynamic thermic load model, i.e., the equipment that public building is equivalent to a simple fever power consumption, when in public building Portion's temperature rises 1 DEG C, consumes the model of how many electricity, and mainly include heat instantaneous gain in the model determines according to the conservation of energy Rule, increase heat in public building inside is qc1, newly enter the increased heat of air be qnw, interior wall savings heat be qx, three heats The sum of be qch, i.e., the total amount of heat inside public building, and the heat that central air conditioner system needs cool down.qc1It is by from outer wall One hour heat mathematical model q is transmitted with roofer, one hour heat mathematical model q is transmitted from external windowsew, from external windows By one hour heat mathematical model q of radiation of the sunrh, one hour heat mathematical model q of indoor electric heating equipment coolinge, indoor photograph One hour heat mathematical model q of heat dissipation of bright equipment1, one hour heat mathematical model q of heat dissipation of indoor human bodyPForm.qnwBy The mathematical model for the heat that extraneous new air is passed to one hour and produces is formed.qxOne hour heat is put aside by public building interior wall Mathematical model form.
On this basis by the thermodynamic model of air-conditioner set, the pass between air-conditioning power, temperature and time is established System, establishes the mathematic(al) representation between public building indoor heat load model and central air conditioner system refrigerating capacity, that is, works as central hollow The mathematic(al) representation that indoor temperature reduces when adjusting system is run, the mathematic(al) representation that indoor temperature rises during stopping, the final number Physochlaina infudibularis exponential model of the expression formula as air-conditioner set is learned, considers human comfort, room temperature change is a temperature band.According to temperature The scope of band and the physochlaina infudibularis exponential model of air-conditioning, solve air conditioner load controlling cycle, including (air-conditioning open and close down the time) and Corresponding period room temperature variation relation formula.
Step 3：The implementation of control strategy, the present invention propose the double-deck Controlling model using Load aggregation business as third side First, top level control model, i.e., macroscopically Utilities Electric Co. can with sign a contract on Load aggregation given load abatement period, go out Power and remuneration are paid.2nd, lower floor's Controlling model, i.e. Load aggregation business sign a contract with user and obtain power consumer air conditioner load Part electricity consumption decision-making power.Load aggregation business can use data and meteorological data by history, predict the controllable capacity of air conditioner load, and Quotation bid is carried out in ahead market, it is exceeded afterload polymerization business is received by Utilities Electric Co. to need to formulate rational control strategy, So that complete operation plan.
Specific control operation is as follows：There is n platforms air-conditioning in the control area of Load aggregation business (it is assumed that each public building only has One central air-conditioning), these air-conditionings are divided into τ firstcGroup carries out wheel control, it is assumed that air conditioner load is in controlling cycle and " opens Open " time of (green) state is τon, the time in " closing down " state (red) is τoff.I.e. air-conditioning reaches desired temperature Minimum value TminWhen, then enter " closing down " state, T when reaching maximummax, then " unlatching " state is entered.One controlling cycle is τcA state, the time interval of each state is 1min, and into next minute when can have one group of air-conditioning to close down, another group of air-conditioning Open.For example, the airconditioning control cycle is 10 minutes, the opening time is 3 minutes, and it is 7 minutes to close down the time, and unlatching is always 3 groups It is always 7 groups of air-conditionings that air-conditioning, which is closed down,.
Dispatching of power netwoks is directly participated according to air conditioner load, it is necessary first to how many (m) family Load aggregation business altogether determined, really Determine next day scheduling be divided into how much (M) a periods (every section of time interval is Δ x), Load aggregation business (k=1,2,3 ... .m) to Utilities Electric Co. is supplied in (x=1,2,3 ... M) period electric power abatement amount and quotation.Based on load is divided into each Load aggregation business, Load aggregation business again its distribute to each user, Load aggregation business can directly perceive user's air conditioner load by intellectual technology State and control air-conditioning, i.e. user closed the user freezed and finished every one minute in controlling cycle, open one User of the family without refrigeration.
Step 4：Electric power networks dispatching decision-making model is established, i.e. the expense of grid company compensation user is at least target letter Number, including the pollution control cost that generating set manufacture and start-up cost, environment power generation are brought, peak capacity constraint, peak regulation are total Amount constraint, peak regulation deviation constraint relation.It is each to participate in thread economy and indemnifying measure, for bid winner, Utilities Electric Co. For the controllable capacity for meeting polymerization business's offer, dispatch command is assigned, considers whether it completes electric power public affairs for Load aggregation business The operation plan of department, if the electric power abatement amount of Load aggregation business supply is less than operation plan, is settled accounts according to actual abatement amount, if More than operation plan, then settled accounts according to operation plan, but if the deviation for being less than operation plan less than abatement amount is more than maximum, So Load aggregation business will be imposed a fine in Utilities Electric Co..The final target for realizing grid generation and heavy construction coulomb balance. Corresponding valence compensation measure is taken to reach power grid and the two-win effect of user.
Beneficial effect
When the present invention stops control for heavy construction central air conditioner system in the prior art using wheel, the heavy construction of initiation Temperature can not be controlled accurately, and power consumption cannot be accurate, and then cause power grid to dispatch the technical problem of generated energy inaccuracy a few days ago.Will The feature extraction of air conditioner load is combined with advanced Predicting Technique collection, accurate to extract history air conditioner load, is established in heavy construction Each thermic load model simultaneously derives total heat duties model, calculates the schedulable energy of public building central air conditioner system exactly Power.On the basis of summer peak load regulation network is carried out, grid generation and the purpose of user power utilization balance are realized, for participating in peak regulation Heavy construction gives certain indemnifying measure so that power grid and user's two-win effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stream of power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response provided by the invention participates in dispatching method a few days ago Cheng Tu.
Fig. 2 is the power grid dispatching method prediction a few days ago that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response provided by the invention participates in The flow chart of technology.
Fig. 3 is power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response provided by the invention participates in dispatching method air-conditioning a few days ago Wheel stops control figure.
Embodiment
Embodiment proposed by the present invention is described further with reference to above-mentioned each attached drawing.Such as Fig. 1 institutes Show, based on step type load, public building central air conditioner system cold-storage wheel is stopped into control and participates in power grid as virtual regulating units The construction method dispatched a few days ago, air-conditioning baseline load specific method are as follows：
(1) annual April is spring, and April, daily load curve was PSpring, d, b；
(2) workaday average load curve in April is countedLoad as spring is bent Line PSpring, h；
Working day in the autumn average load curve P that October is representative is drawn with same methodAutumn, h, wherein W is work Day, h is daily hourage." no sky of air conditioner load is not turned on using the average value of spring and autumn load curve as summer Load curve of the calling electric load curve " i.e. as baseline, load natural increase can be eliminated by taking the average value in 2 season of spring and autumn Influence, it is believed that the difference of Load in Summer and " no air conditioning electricity load curve " is exactly the air conditioner load curve being affected by temperature. I.e.
PAir-conditioning, d, h=PSummer, h-(PAutumn, h+PSpring, h)/2 (h=1,2 ..., 24) (1) PAir-conditioning, d, hIt is workaday air conditioner load curve. When similarly calculating the air conditioner load curve of nonworkdays, spring, summer, autumn all choose the load curve of nonworkdays.
KWTHI=(10 × KTHI+KWTHI-1+KWTHI-2)/14 (2)
KTHI=TF+(0.55+0.55HL)×(TF-58) (3)
Wherein, KWTHIIt is the weighting humidity-temperature index of sampling day；KTHI、KWTHI-1And KWTHI-2It is sampling day, sampling day respectively First 1 day, the humidity-temperature index (THI) sampled 2 days a few days ago；TFIt is the average Fahrenheit temperature of sampling day；HLIt is the humidity for sampling day (%).The K of scheduling day is calculated respectivelyWTHIThe K in the first two months with dispatching dayWTHIBetween Error Absolute Value.Selection is minimum absolutely Typical similar day was used as to be worth error 20 days.
Reverse transmittance nerve network (BPNN) is finally used, for the BPNN, input variable KTHIAnd KWTHI, output change Measure and (predict for the central air-conditioning load value of public building 96 monitoring periods of one day and be divided into 96 monitoring phases, duration day For 15 minutes, and assume that the value for all power and variable and cooling capacity variables that the present invention discusses is kept not during each adjusting Become).The value of variable is output and input by using 20 typical similar days, determines the company between the hidden layer of BPNN and output layer Connect weight.Then, according to these connection weights, the K of input prediction day is passed throughTHIAnd KWTHIValue obtain 96 of day prisons of scheduling Central air-conditioning load value during pipe.
Air conditioner load based on step response participates in power grid dispatching method a few days ago：
Public building thermic load model：According to law of conservation of energy, increase heat is q inside public buildingc1, newly enter air Increased heat is qnw, interior wall savings heat be qx, the sum of three heats are qch, i.e., the total amount of heat inside public building, and Central air conditioner system needs the heat cooled down.qc1It is by transmitting one hour heat mathematical model q from outer wall and roofer, from outside Window transmits one hour heat mathematical model qew, one hour heat mathematical model q of radiation from external windows by the sunrh, it is indoor One hour heat mathematical model q of heating equipment heat dissipatione, one hour heat mathematical model q of heat dissipation of interior illumination fixture1, indoor people One hour heat mathematical model q of heat dissipation of bodyPForm.The expression formula of each variable can be write as：
qch=qcl+qnw+qx (4)
qcl=qer+qew+qrh+qe+q1+qp (5)
qer=∑ KiFi(Tout-Tin) (6)
qew=∑ KcFc(Tout-Tin) (7)
qrh=∑ qfFeCsCnCcl (8)
qe=1000n1n2n3Ne (9)
q1=1000n4n5n6n7N1 (10)
qp=Crnpφqr+npφqq (11)
qx=SiFindTin(t) (13)
Wherein FiIt is the area (m on interior wall or roof2)；KiIt is the heat transfer coefficient (W/ (m on inner wall or roof2·K))；Tin It is indoor temperature (DEG C) FcIt is the area (m of exterior window2)；KcIt is the heat transfer coefficient (W/ (m of exterior window2·K))；ToutIt is outdoor air temperature Spend (DEG C)；qfIt is most radiant heat (W/m of the sun from external windows2)；CsIt is the correction coefficient of outer window glass type；CnIt is outer The sheltering coefficient of the interior curtain of window；CclIt is the cooling load coefficient of exterior window；n1It is the setting coefficient of indoor heating equipment；n2It is indoor electric The load factor of hot equipment；n3It is the load factor of indoor heating equipment；NeIt is the installation power (kW) of indoor heating equipment；n4 It is the load factor of interior illumination fixture；n5It is the heat storage coefficient of interior illumination fixture；n6It is the power consumption factor of rectifier；n7It is The setting coefficient of interior illumination fixture；N1It is the installation power (kW) of interior illumination fixture；CrIt is the sensible heat gain from human body Cooling load coefficient；npIt is the total number of persons in building；qrIt is the heat release (W) of adult；φ is cluster coefficients, and children are converted into The heat dissipation ratio of adult；qqIt is adult's work activities heat release (W)；It is amount of fresh air (g/s)；SiIt is the heat accumulation of inner wall Coefficient (W/ (m2·K))；FinIt is the area (m of interior wall2)。
For building, the thermodynamic model of air-conditioner set is established, i.e. central air conditioner system operation and when stopping in room The change mathematical relationship of heat, can be expressed as：
CaVkρadTin=qc1dt+qnwdt-qx (14)
CaVkρadTin=qc1dt+qnwdt-qx-qch.tdt (15)
Wherein, CaIt is air specific heat at constant pressure (J/kgC), is taken as 0.28；VkIt is the volume (m of the refrigeration space of building3), It can be calculated by being multiplied by usable area, story height and the number of plies；ρaIt is atmospheric density (kg/m3), it is taken as 1.29；qch.tIt is The hour refrigerating capacity (W) of the handpiece Water Chilling Units of central air conditioner system.
Further derived from (14) and (15), thermal parameter of the public building central air conditioner system during runtime and stopping Model, i.e. the central air conditioner system carrying departure date and withholding period room temperature change expression formula, as follows respectively；
Wherein,
Xk=CaVkρa+SiFin
According to (16) and (17), by the way that h to be used as to the variable of the discrete t of time interval, and the cooler of central air-conditioning is assumed Unit is with firm power pch(correspond to the constant cooling capacity q of chiller unitch, i.e. qch.t=qch).In whole controlling cycle It is interior, time relationship of the Indoor environment temperature during central air conditioner system is run and during stopping can be written as respectively：
In formula
Assuming that ToutIt is constant in control period, it is possible to achieve below equation,
τc=τon+τoff (22)
Wherein, [TminTmax] be Indoor environment temperature (DEG C) control interval；τcIt is building central air conditioner system One control period of handpiece Water Chilling Units.From (20) to (22) are as can be seen that τonAnd τoffIt is a control period central air-conditioning system respectively The cooling time of the chiller unit of system and power off time, by refrigerating plant in τonWith constant cooling power qchOperation Operate, in τoffThe operation of interior stopping, realizing Indoor environment greenhouse in TminAnd TmaxBetween circulation change.
Control strategy in a kind of method dispatched based on air conditioner load participation power grid based on step response a few days ago Analysis.
Screw or centrifugal cooling unit are generally used in the central air conditioner system of building.For cooling down unit, volume Determine power and be not less than 100kW, rated speed is not less than 3000r/min.Can not achieve each chiller unit instantaneous starting and Close.For the central air conditioner system of building, above-mentioned frequently periodically start-stop control strategy optimal can not be realized.In consideration of it, Set forth herein a kind of terminal device by alternately periodically turning on and closing per floor, for the non-freezer central air-conditioning of heavy construction System provides a kind of novel control strategy.On the premise of thermal comfort requirement is met, which can not only realize public build The load for the non-freezer central air conditioner system built is reduced, and handpiece Water Chilling Units is run under preferable working status.Control plan Slightly it is based on following two hypothesis：(a) under the identical working status of terminal device, the cooling power of handpiece Water Chilling Units is evenly distributed on Each layer of building.(b) indoors under the primary condition of temperature, when obtaining identical cooling power, each layer of building room temperature Change equal.For control strategy, on the one hand, build the refrigeration unit of non-freezer central air conditioner system during whole service with Constant refrigerating capacity qchOperation.In addition, qchMeet (23), (24),
WhereinThe cooling power of every floor is distributed in for central air conditioner system total cooling power,
The handpiece Water Chilling Units of heavy construction freezer central air conditioner system include cold-storage handpiece Water Chilling Units and basic handpiece Water Chilling Units.Generally For, the method for operation of heavy construction freezer central air conditioner system provides as follows.The morning 0 when 8, during using mountain valley electricity price, Cold-storage handpiece Water Chilling Units with rated power operation, the cold storage of collection in ice storage tank, meanwhile, the indoor temperature of building declines All supplied by basic handpiece Water Chilling Units.The morning 8, the cooling load that Indoor environment temperature declines was preferentially by base when noon 12 Plinth refrigeration unit provides, and the basic unappeasable part cooling load of handpiece Water Chilling Units is provided by ice storage tank.
By using aforesaid operations mode, cannot be all or almost all released there are the cold energy stored in holding vessel Problem, causes the waste of energy.In consideration of it, there is employed herein a kind of perseverance for specification public building freezer central air conditioner system Certainty ratio control method.For the present invention, the total cooling power that central air conditioner system provides, wherein by fixing 1/4 cooling Power is provided by ice storage tank.Specific control strategy is as follows：The morning 0 when 8, public building freezer central air conditioner system Operational mode remain unchanged.The thermic load that the indoor temperature of building reduces is supplied by basic handpiece Water Chilling Units and ice storage tank joint Give, and the ratio of the whole cooling power of cooling power and Indoor environment the temperature decline provided by ice storage tank is constant k, K values herein are fixed proportion constant.The control method can not only be realized complete in one day by selecting the appropriate value of k Portion or the most release for storing cold-storage tank, but also realize that the peak of the freezer central air conditioner system of public building is born The load of lotus period is reduced.This method is represented by：
qi=qb,i+qs,i (25)
qs,i=kqi (26)
Wherein i is the monitoring phase, i=33,34 ..., 96.qiTotal cooling that Indoor environment temperature reduces during being i (kW) Power；qb,iIt is the cooling energy power q that basic handpiece Water Chilling Units provide during i (kW)s,iIt is by ice storage tank during i (kW) The cooling power of offer；KLFIt is the percentage of ice storage tank residue ice amount when freezing for one day；QsBe by double acting chiller unit from 0 point of total storage of cold to 8 a.m. (kWh) supply of the morning.
By using above-mentioned control strategy, the handpiece Water Chilling Units of public building central air conditioner system can be in part load condition Lower operation.
For the set type and centrifugal water chillers being discussed herein, power consumption and the cooling capacity of a handpiece Water Chilling Units are in Non-linear relation.The parameter of each refrigeration unit provided according to manufacturer, the power consumption and cooling capacity of each refrigeration unit Between non-linear relation can be fitted to following cubic polynomial
Wherein, qc.f.g.iIt is fthPublic building gthRefrigerating capacity of the handpiece Water Chilling Units during i (kW), Pc.f.g.iIt is fthIt is public to build The g builtthPower consumption of the handpiece Water Chilling Units during i (kW)；d3.f.g、d2.f.g、d1.f.g、d0.f.gAll it is fthThe g of public buildingthCold water Unit load factor.
From (28), the total load value that each public building central air conditioner system uses above-mentioned control strategy can be calculated. So, the schedulable ability of the central air conditioner system of each public building can be write as
Pd.f.i=Pf.i-Pt.f.i (29)
Wherein Pt.f.iIt is fthPublic building stops the total load value after adjusting using cold-storage wheel；Pf.iIt is to use in the first step in advance The heavy construction that survey technology predicts air conditioner load a few days ago；Pd.f.iIt is that the air-conditioning that public building stops control strategy reduction using taking turns is born Lotus, is the schedulable scope of central air conditioner system.
Air conditioner load based on step response participates in power grid dispatching method a few days ago,
Establish electric power networks dispatching decision-making model, i.e. the expense of grid company compensation user is at least object function, including The pollution control cost that generating set manufactures and start-up cost, environment power generation are brought, peak capacity constrains, peak regulation total amount constrains, Peak regulation deviation constraint relation.Each to participate in thread economy and indemnifying measure, for bid winner, Utilities Electric Co., which is directed to, to be met It polymerize the controllable capacity that business provides, assigns dispatch command, consider whether it completes the scheduling of Utilities Electric Co. for Load aggregation business Plan, if the electric power abatement amount of Load aggregation business supply is less than operation plan, is settled accounts, if more than scheduling according to actual abatement amount Plan, then settle accounts according to operation plan, but if the deviation for being less than operation plan less than abatement amount is more than maximum, then electric power Load aggregation business will be imposed a fine in company.The final target for realizing grid generation and heavy construction coulomb balance.Take corresponding Valence compensation measure reach power grid and the two-win effect of user.Therefore, by the public air conditioner load power network for building step response The object function of network decision-making scheduling can be expressed as：
Wherein vm,fAnd ve,fIt is the f in morning and evening respectivelythTarget variable that whether public building opens (1 represents to open, 0 represents not open)；ccomIt is that central air conditioner system participates in the public building compensation electricity price (member/kilowatt hour) that peak load is cut down； um,f,lAnd ue,f,lIt is to provide f respectivelythThe non-freezer central air conditioner system of public building is become using the index of above-mentioned control model Amount；uf,lIt is to represent fthThe freezer central air conditioner system of public building uses the target variable of above-mentioned control model；pd,f,l,iBe When stopping cold-storage control model using wheel during I (kW), fthThe schedulable ability of public building central air conditioner system, it can be by (29) calculate, F is to possess the public building sum that freezer central air conditioner system participates in this area's peak load abatement；F1 is to possess Non- freezer central air conditioner system participates in the public building quantity of this area's peak load abatement, cg,m,iThe cost of electricity-generating in power plant (member), for the quadratic function of generating set (GU) output, pd,f,l,iIt is the system adjustable degree scope for stopping control using wheel；M is hair The sum of motor group；cst,m,iIt is the start-up cost of generating set, emIt is unit pollutant discharge amount；cemIt is the discharge of firepower unit The improvement price (yuan/ton) of pollutant.(30) first formula represents the tariff compensation summation of this area's heavy construction.
Load aggregation business needs to pay a part of reimbursement for expenses of user for participating in direct load item controlled, present invention assumes that Reimbursement for expenses rate is y0, then load business k pay reimbursement for expenses F2
Constraints
Assuming that a shared m family Load aggregation business, next day load scheduling is divided into M period, and (each period divides at intervals of Δ x Clock), Load aggregation business k (k=1,2,3 ... supply electric power abatement amounts m) submitted a tender in the x periods (x=1,2,3 ... M) and report Valency is respectively C (x, k), η (x, k), and the system of Utilities Electric Co. x periods, which always disappears, is reduced to Preq(x), distribute to Load aggregation business k's Vacancy is D (x, k), and it is as follows thus to establish constraints relation：
.s.t.0≤D(x,k)≤C(x,k) (32)
The operation method that power grid dispatching method a few days ago is participated in based on heavy construction central hollow air-conditioning system is as follows：
(1) clear and definite control strategy performs the time in advance for Utilities Electric Co., and the making up price of relative users is determined in advance.
(2) information that user needs to report includes：1. air conditioner refrigerating area, room floor height and floor position；2. air-conditioning volume Fixed refrigeration work consumption, rated cooling capacity and Energy Efficiency Ratio；
(3) feature based extracts to obtain history air conditioner load curve, and stopping control strategy based on wheel obtains scheduling power consumption, into Row daily output is dispatched, and achievees the purpose that power balance, minimum according to object function computing system operation cost.
Specific embodiment is presented above, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.The base of the present invention This thinking is above-mentioned basic scheme, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, teaching, designs various changes according to the present invention The model of shape, formula, parameter simultaneously need not spend creative work.It is right without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention The change, modification, replacement and modification that embodiment carries out are still fallen within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

  1. A kind of 1. power grid that air conditioner load based on step response participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is characterised in that this method according to The feature extraction heavy construction history air conditioner load curve of air conditioner load, will influence three factors of air conditioner load：Temperature, humidity Consider with cumulative effect and be classified as weighting one index of humiture, will scheduling a few days ago bimestrial day weighting comfort index with it is large-scale Building day air conditioner load data be put into reverse transmittance nerve network and be trained and correct, forecast dispatching a few days ago bear by air-conditioning Lotus curve；The indoor heat load model of public building is established, indoor various heat releases and accumulation of heat factor is considered, obtains the total cold of system But ability；Room temperature time-varying model when air-conditioning is shut down and operated is established, implements the control strategy that cold-storage wheel stops, obtains the control strategy The power consumption of each refrigeration unit, the difference conduct for the air conditioner load curve that the air-conditioning power consumption calculated is obtained with Predicting Technique The schedulable scope of heavy construction, is equivalent to a virtual regulating units.
  2. 2. the power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response as claimed in claim 1 participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is special Sign is that this method comprises the following steps that：Step 1: according to the baseline calculating method of air conditioner load, pushed away with the load curve of power grid Calculate air conditioner load curve：Based on the average value of spring and the work daily load curve in autumn, the load curve of summer and spring The difference of autumn load curve, that is, air conditioner load curve, maximum, that is, air conditioner load of air conditioner load, obtains the scheduling day previous moon Air conditioner load curve；It will influence three factors of air conditioner load：Temperature, humidity, cumulative effect are classified as weighting humiture one Index, will dispatch weighting comfort index of bimestrial day a few days ago and the air conditioner load of heavy construction day is put into backpropagation neural network It is trained and corrects in network, inputs to weight comfort index, export as day air conditioner load；Predicting scheduling, air-conditioning is born a few days ago Lotus；Step 2: the dynamic data of various thermic loads in public building room is normalized, public building is equivalent to move The thermic load model of state；Step 3: the implementation of control strategy；Step 4: establish electric power networks dispatching decision-making model.
  3. 3. the power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response as claimed in claim 1 participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is special Sign is that step 1 specific method is as follows：
    (1) annual April is spring, and April, daily load curve was PSpring, d, b；
    (2) workaday average load curve in April is countedLoad curve as spring PSpring, h；
    Working day in the autumn average load curve P that October is representative is drawn with same methodAutumn, h, wherein W is working day, and h is Daily hourage；With spring and the load curve of average value, that is, baseline of autumn load curve, Load in Summer and " no air conditioning electricity The difference of load curve " is the air conditioner load curve being affected by temperature：
    PAir-conditioning, d, h=PSummer, h-(PAutumn, h+PSpring, h)/2 (h=1,2 ..., 24) (1)
    PAir-conditioning, d, hIt is workaday air conditioner load curve；When similarly calculating the air conditioner load curve of nonworkdays, spring, summer, autumn choosing Negated workaday load curve；
    KWTHI=(10 × KTHI+KWTHI-1+KWTHI-2)/14 (2)
    KTHI=TF+(0.55+0.55HL)×(TF-58) (3)
    Wherein, KWTHIIt is the weighting humidity-temperature index of sampling day；KTHI、KWTHI-1And KWTHI-2It is sampling day, sampling a few days ago 1 respectively My god, the sampling humidity-temperature index THI of 2 days a few days ago；TFIt is the average Fahrenheit temperature of sampling day；HLIt is the humidity (%) for sampling day；Point The K of day Ji Suan not dispatchedWTHIThe K in the first two months with dispatching dayWTHIBetween Error Absolute Value；Least absolute value is selected to miss 20 days of difference are used as typical similar day；
    Using reverse transmittance nerve network, input variable KTHIAnd KWTHI, output variable is the public building monitoring period of one day Central air-conditioning load value, determine the connection weight between the hidden layer of BPNN and output layer；According to these connection weights, pass through The K of input prediction dayTHIAnd KWTHIValue obtain scheduling day supervision during central air-conditioning load value.
  4. 4. the power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response as claimed in claim 3 participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is special Sign is that the dynamic data of public building indoor heat load is normalized the step 2, and public building is equivalent For dynamic thermic load model, i.e., the equipment that public building is equivalent to a simple fever power consumption, inside public building Temperature rises 1 DEG C, consumes the model of how many electricity, which includes heat instantaneous gain i.e. according to law of conservation of energy, public It is that the sum of three heats are public build that building interior increase heat, which is, newly enters the heat that the increased heat of air is, interior wall is put aside, altogether Build the total amount of heat of inside；By transmitting one hour heat mathematical model from outer wall and roof, one hour heat is transmitted from external windows Mathematical model, one hour heat mathematical model of radiation from external windows by the sun, one hour heat of indoor electric heating equipment cooling Mathematical model, one hour heat mathematical model of heat dissipation of interior illumination fixture, one hour heat mathematical modulo of heat dissipation of indoor human body Type is formed；The mathematical model for the heat for being passed to one hour and being produced by extraneous new air is formed；One is put aside by public building interior wall The mathematical model of hour heat is formed.
  5. 5. the power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response as claimed in claim 4 participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is special Sign is, the step 2 public building thermic load model：According to law of conservation of energy, increase heat is inside public building qc1, newly enter the increased heat of air be qnw, interior wall savings heat be qx, the sum of three heats are qch, i.e., inside public building Total amount of heat, and the heat that central air conditioner system needs cool down；qc1It is by transmitting one hour heat mathematical modulo from outer wall and roof Type qer, one hour heat mathematical model q is transmitted from external windowsew, the one hour heat mathematics of radiation from external windows by the sun Model qrh, one hour heat mathematical model q of indoor electric heating equipment coolinge, the one hour heat mathematics of heat dissipation of interior illumination fixture Model q1, one hour heat mathematical model q of heat dissipation of indoor human bodyPForm；The expression formula of each variable can be write as：
    qch=qcl+qnw+qx (4)
    qcl=qer+qew+qrh+qe+q1+qp (5)
    qer=∑ KiFi(Tout-Tin) (6)
    qew=∑ KcFc(Tout-Tin) (7)
    qrh=∑ qfFeCsCnCcl (8)
    qe=1000n1n2n3Ne (9)
    q1=1000n4n5n6n7N1 (10)
    qp=Crnpφqr+npφqq (11)
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1.01</mn> <msubsup> <mi>G</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>o</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1.01</mn> <msubsup> <mi>G</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>38.5</mn> <msubsup> <mi>G</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>12</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    qx=SiFindTin(t) (13)
    Wherein FiIt is the area (m on interior wall or roof2)；KiIt is the heat transfer coefficient (W/ (m on inner wall or roof2·K))；TinIt is room Interior temperature (DEG C) FcIt is the area (m of exterior window2)；KcIt is the heat transfer coefficient (W/ (m of exterior window2·K))；ToutIt is outside air temperature (℃)；qfIt is most radiant heat (W/m of the sun from external windows2)；CsIt is the correction coefficient of outer window glass type；CnIt is exterior window Interior curtain sheltering coefficient；CclIt is the cooling load coefficient of exterior window；n1It is the setting coefficient of indoor heating equipment；n2It is indoor electric heating The load factor of equipment；n3It is the load factor of indoor heating equipment；NeIt is the installation power (kW) of indoor heating equipment；n4It is The load factor of interior illumination fixture；n5It is the heat storage coefficient of interior illumination fixture；n6It is the power consumption factor of rectifier；n7It is room The setting coefficient of intraoral illumination equipment；N1It is the installation power (kW) of interior illumination fixture；CrIt is the cold of the sensible heat gain from human body Load coefficient；npIt is the total number of persons in building；qrIt is the heat release (W) of adult；φ is cluster coefficients, and children are converted into The heat dissipation ratio of year people；qqIt is adult's work activities heat release (W)；It is amount of fresh air (g/s)；SiIt is the heat accumulation system of inner wall Number (W/ (m2·K))；FinIt is the area (m of interior wall2)；
    The thermodynamic model of air-conditioner set is established for building, i.e., heat in room when central air conditioner system is run and stopped Change mathematical relationship, can be expressed as：
    CaVkρadTin=qc1dt+qnwdt-qx (14)
    CaVkρadTin=qc1dt+qnwdt-qx-qch.tdt (15)
    Wherein, CaIt is air specific heat at constant pressure (J/kgC), is taken as 0.28；VkIt is the volume (m of the refrigeration space of building3), can be with Calculated by being multiplied by usable area, story height and the number of plies；ρaIt is atmospheric density (kg/m3), it is taken as 1.29；qch.tIt is center The hour refrigerating capacity (W) of the handpiece Water Chilling Units of air-conditioning system.
  6. 6. the power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response as claimed in claim 5 participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is special Sign is that the public building central air conditioner system is in runtime and the physochlaina infudibularis exponential model during stopping, i.e. central air conditioner system The carrying departure date and withholding period room temperature change expression formula are as follows respectively；
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>dT</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>x</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>16</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>dT</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>17</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    Wherein,
    <mfenced open = "" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>o</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>C</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mi>C</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>o</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mi>f</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mi>C</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>S</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1000</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>N</mi> <mi>e</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1000</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>5</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>6</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>7</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>N</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>n&amp;phi;q</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1.01</mn> <msubsup> <mi>G</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>o</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>38.5</mn> <msubsup> <mi>G</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced>
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;Sigma;K</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;Sigma;K</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1.01</mn> <msubsup> <mi>G</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> </mrow>
    Xk=CaVkρa+SiFin
    According to (16) and (17), by the way that h to be used as to the variable of the discrete t of time interval, and the chiller unit of central air-conditioning is assumed With firm power pch；In whole controlling cycle, by Indoor environment temperature during central air conditioner system is run and during stopping Time relationship be：
    <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>18</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>19</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    In formula
    Assuming that ToutIt is constant in control period, it is possible to achieve below equation,
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;tau;</mi> <mrow> <mi>o</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>log</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>min</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>20</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;tau;</mi> <mrow> <mi>o</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>log</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>max</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>21</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    τc=τon+τoff (22)
    Wherein, [TminTmax] be Indoor environment temperature (DEG C) control interval；τcIt is the cooling-water machine of building central air conditioner system One control period of group；From (20) to (22) are as can be seen that τonAnd τoffIt is the cold of control period central air conditioner system respectively But the cooling time of device unit and power off time, by refrigerating plant in τonWith constant cooling power qchOperation operation, τoffThe operation of interior stopping, realizing Indoor environment greenhouse in TminAnd TmaxBetween circulation change.
  7. 7. the power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response as claimed in claim 2 participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is special Sign is, double-deck Controlling model of the step 3 using Load aggregation business as third side.Top level control model, i.e., macroscopically electric power is public Department can pay with period, output and the remuneration for given load abatement of signing a contract on Load aggregation.2nd, lower floor's Controlling model, I.e. Load aggregation business signs a contract with user and obtains the part electricity consumption decision-making power of power consumer air conditioner load.Load aggregation business passes through History can use data and meteorological data, predict the controllable capacity of air conditioner load, and carry out quotation bid, exceeded quilt in ahead market Utilities Electric Co., which receives afterload polymerization business, to be needed to formulate rational control strategy so that completes operation plan.
  8. 8. the power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response as claimed in claim 7 participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is special Sign is that the specific control-Strategy analysis of step 3 is as follows：Control strategy is based on following two hypothesis：(a) in the phase of terminal device With under working status, the cooling power of handpiece Water Chilling Units is evenly distributed on each layer of building；(b) initial strip of temperature indoors Under part, when obtaining identical cooling power, each layer of building room temperature change is equal；For control strategy, on the one hand, building is non-cold The refrigeration unit of storehouse central air conditioner system is during whole service with constant refrigerating capacity qchOperation；In addition, qchSatisfaction (23), (24),
    N is even number (23)
    N is odd number (24)
    WhereinThe cooling power of every floor, heavy construction freezer central air-conditioning are distributed in for central air conditioner system total cooling power The handpiece Water Chilling Units of system include cold-storage handpiece Water Chilling Units and basic handpiece Water Chilling Units.
  9. 9. the power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response as claimed in claim 8 participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is special Sign is that the specific control-Strategy analysis of step 3 uses a kind of constant ratio for specification public building freezer central air conditioner system Example control method：The total cooling power that central air conditioner system provides, wherein by fixing 1/4 cooling power being provided by ice storage tank 's；Specific control strategy is as follows：The morning 0, the operational mode of public building freezer central air conditioner system was kept not when 8 Become；The thermic load that the indoor temperature of building reduces is carried by basic handpiece Water Chilling Units and ice storage tank joint supply, and by ice storage tank The ratio for the whole cooling power that the cooling power and Indoor environment temperature of confession decline is constant k, and k values herein are to fix Proportionality constant；This method is represented by：
    qi=qb,i+qs,i (25)
    qs,i=kqi (26)
    <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>33</mn> </mrow> <mn>96</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mi>L</mi> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mi>s</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>27</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    Wherein i is the monitoring phase, i=33,34 ..., 96.qiThe total cooling power that Indoor environment temperature reduces during being i (kW)； qb,iIt is the cooling energy power q that basic handpiece Water Chilling Units provide during i (kW)s,iIt is by being provided in ice storage tank during i (kW) Cooling power；KLFIt is the percentage of ice storage tank residue ice amount when freezing for one day；QsIt is from the morning 0 by double acting chiller unit Total storage of cold of the point to 8 a.m. (kWh) supply；
    The parameter of each refrigeration unit provided according to manufacturer, it is non-between the power consumption and cooling capacity of each refrigeration unit Linear relationship is fitted to following cubic polynomial
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mn>3.</mn> <mi>f</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msubsup> <mo>.</mo> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mn>2.</mn> <mi>f</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mn>1.</mn> <mi>f</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mn>0.</mn> <mi>f</mi> <mo>.</mo> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>28</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    Wherein, qc.f.g.iIt is fthPublic building gthRefrigerating capacity of the handpiece Water Chilling Units during i (kW), Pc.f.g.iIt is fthPublic building gthPower consumption of the handpiece Water Chilling Units during i (kW)；d3.f.g、d2.f.g、d1.f.g、d0.f.gFor fthThe g of public buildingthCooling-water machine assembles Carry coefficient；
    Total load value of each public building central air conditioner system using above-mentioned control strategy, each public building are calculated from (28) Central air conditioner system schedulable ability
    Pd.f.i=Pf.i-Pt.f.i (29)
    Wherein Pt.f.iIt is fthPublic building stops the total load value after adjusting using cold-storage wheel；Pf.iIt is to use in the first step to predict skill The heavy construction that art predicts air conditioner load a few days ago；Pd.f.iIt is the air conditioner load that public building stops control strategy reduction using wheel, That is the schedulable scope of central air conditioner system.
  10. 10. the power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response as claimed in claim 2 participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is special Sign is that step 4 establishes electric power networks dispatching decision-making model, i.e. the expense of grid company compensation user is at least object function, The pollution control cost brought including generating set manufacture and start-up cost, environment power generation, peak capacity constraint, peak regulation total amount are about Beam, peak regulation deviation constraint relation；Each to participate in thread economy and indemnifying measure, for bid winner, Utilities Electric Co. is directed to Meet the controllable capacity that polymerization business provides, assign dispatch command, consider whether it completes Utilities Electric Co. for Load aggregation business Operation plan, if the electric power abatement amount of Load aggregation business supply is less than operation plan, is settled accounts according to actual abatement amount, if more than Operation plan, then settle accounts according to operation plan, but if the deviation for being less than operation plan less than abatement amount is more than maximum, electric power Load aggregation business will be imposed a fine in company.
  11. 11. the power grid that a kind of air conditioner load based on step response as claimed in claim 2 participates in dispatching method a few days ago, it is special Sign is that step 4 establishes electric power networks dispatching decision-making model, i.e. the expense of grid company compensation user is at least object function, The pollution control cost brought including generating set manufacture and start-up cost, environment power generation, peak capacity constraint, peak regulation total amount are about Beam, peak regulation deviation constraint relation；Each to participate in thread economy and indemnifying measure, for bid winner, Utilities Electric Co. is directed to Meet the controllable capacity that polymerization business provides, assign dispatch command, consider whether it completes Utilities Electric Co. for Load aggregation business Operation plan, if the electric power abatement amount of Load aggregation business supply is less than operation plan, is settled accounts according to actual abatement amount, if more than Operation plan, then settle accounts according to operation plan, but if the deviation for being less than operation plan less than abatement amount is more than maximum, then Load aggregation business will be imposed a fine in Utilities Electric Co.；The final target for realizing grid generation and heavy construction coulomb balance；By public affairs The object function of the air conditioner load electric power networks decision-making scheduling for step response of building together can be expressed as：
    <mrow> <mi>min</mi> <mfenced open = "{" close = "}"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>45</mn> </mrow> <mn>54</mn> </munderover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </munderover> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>F</mi> </munderover> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>79</mn> </mrow> <mn>84</mn> </munderover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </munderover> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>F</mi> </munderover> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>96</mn> </munderover> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>M</mi> </munderover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>e</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>30</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    Wherein vm,fAnd ve,fIt is the f in morning and evening respectivelythThe target variable whether public building opens；ccomIt is central air-conditioning System participates in the public building compensation electricity price (member/kilowatt hour) that peak load is cut down；um,f,lAnd ue,f,lIt is to provide f respectivelythIt is public The non-freezer central air conditioner system of building uses the target variable of above-mentioned control model；uf,lIt is to represent fthThe freezer of public building Central air conditioner system uses the target variable of above-mentioned control model；pd,f,l,iIt is that cold-storage control mould is stopped using wheel during I (kW) During formula, fthThe schedulable ability of public building central air conditioner system, it can be calculated by (29), and F is to possess freezer central air-conditioning System participates in the public building sum of this area's peak load abatement；F1 is to possess non-freezer central air conditioner system to participate in this area The public building quantity of peak load abatement, cg,m,iThe cost of electricity-generating (member) in power plant, for the two of generating set (GU) output Secondary function, pd,f,l,iIt is the system adjustable degree scope for stopping control using wheel；M is the sum of generating set；cst,m,iIt is generating set Start-up cost, emIt is unit pollutant discharge amount；cemIt is the improvement price (yuan/ton) that firepower unit discharges pollutants；(30) First formula represent the tariff compensation summation of this area's heavy construction；
    Load aggregation business needs to pay a part of reimbursement for expenses of user for participating in direct load item controlled, and reimbursement for expenses rate is y0, The reimbursement for expenses F that then load business k is paid2
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>M</mi> </munderover> <mi>G</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&amp;Delta;</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>31</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    Constraints：Assuming that a shared m family Load aggregation business, next day load scheduling be divided into M period (each period at intervals of Δ x minutes), Load aggregation business k (k=1,2,3 ... supply electric power abatement amounts m) submitted a tender in the x periods (x=1,2,3 ... M) It is respectively C (x, k), η (x, k) with quotation, the system of Utilities Electric Co. x periods, which always disappears, is reduced to Preq(x), Load aggregation is distributed to The vacancy of business k is D (x, k), and it is as follows thus to establish constraints relation：
    s.t.0≤D(x,k)≤C(x,k) (32)
    <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> </munderover> <mi>D</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;GreaterEqual;</mo> <msup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>q</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>33</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mrow>
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