CN108036042B - Gearbox with magnetorheological gear shifting device and use method - Google Patents

Gearbox with magnetorheological gear shifting device and use method Download PDF

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CN108036042B
CN108036042B CN201711084678.2A CN201711084678A CN108036042B CN 108036042 B CN108036042 B CN 108036042B CN 201711084678 A CN201711084678 A CN 201711084678A CN 108036042 B CN108036042 B CN 108036042B
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gear
gearbox
shaft
output shaft
shifting device
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CN108036042A (en
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席军强
张皓荣
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • F16H61/0202Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
    • F16H61/0204Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种带有磁流变换挡装置的变速箱,包括变速箱第一轴、变速箱中间轴和磁流变换挡装置,所述变速箱第一轴上的齿轮与所述变速箱中间轴上的齿轮相啮合,所述变速箱第一轴为所述磁流变换挡装置提供动力,所述磁流变换挡装置通过齿轮与所述中间轴相啮合。同时,本发明还提供了一种带有磁流变换挡装置变速箱的使用方法。本发明将磁流变液应用到变速器换挡装置上,利用磁流变液具有对信号高度敏感的基本优势和特点,进而达到改变动力传输或中断的高效率和准确控制;同时,本发明齿轮状结构的设计能够使得两者之间的传动力矩在相同的空间里得以最大化,使得传递力矩更加简易方便。

Figure 201711084678

The invention relates to a gearbox with a magnetic current shifting gear device, comprising a first shaft of the gearbox, an intermediate shaft of the gearbox and a magnetic current shifting device. The gears on the intermediate shaft of the case are engaged with each other, the first shaft of the gearbox provides power for the magnetic current shifting device, and the magnetic current shifting device is engaged with the intermediate shaft through the gears. At the same time, the present invention also provides a method for using a gearbox with a magnetic current shifting device. The invention applies the magnetorheological fluid to the gear shifting device of the transmission, and uses the magnetorheological fluid to have the basic advantage and characteristic of being highly sensitive to signals, thereby achieving high efficiency and accurate control of changing power transmission or interruption; at the same time, the gear of the present invention is The design of the structure can maximize the transmission torque between the two in the same space, making the transmission torque easier and more convenient.

Figure 201711084678

Description

一种带有磁流变换挡装置的变速箱及使用方法A kind of gearbox with magnetic current shifting gear device and using method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及汽车变速箱技术领域,尤其涉及一种带有磁流变换挡装置的变速箱及使用方法。The invention relates to the technical field of automobile gearboxes, in particular to a gearbox with a magnetic current shifting device and a method of using the same.

背景技术Background technique

电控机械式自动变速器AMT是变速箱的典型代表,通过变换不同传动线路来变换齿数比达到变速的目的,而换挡时为了使所选挡位的一对带啮合齿轮轮齿的圆周速度相等,不产生轮齿或花键齿间的冲击,需要使用同步器使结合套与对应结合齿圈的圆周速度迅速达到并保持一致。但AMT变速箱过长的换挡时间,以及其换挡过程中会出现的动力中断现象,导致了其换挡品质差的缺点。如果增大其换挡力,可以减小同步时间,但是过大的换挡力可能会破坏同步器上的同步锥面油膜,瞬间产生大量的热量,导致可能出现的同步器烧蚀现象。而且由于发动机与变速器输入轴有很大的转速差,一瞬间过大的换挡力会使换挡速度过大产生打齿和换挡冲击,导致同步器的损坏率很高,超过70%的变速器维修是由驾驶者操作不当引起的同步器损坏。所以多年来,如何改变这一现状、如何改善换挡品质的研究课题得到广泛关注。The electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission AMT is a typical representative of the gearbox. The gear ratio is changed by changing different transmission lines to achieve the purpose of shifting. When shifting, the peripheral speeds of a pair of meshing gear teeth in the selected gear are equal. , without the impact between the gear teeth or spline teeth, it is necessary to use a synchronizer to make the peripheral speed of the combined sleeve and the corresponding combined ring gear quickly reach and keep the same. However, the long shifting time of AMT gearbox and the power interruption phenomenon that will occur during the shifting process lead to the disadvantage of poor shifting quality. If the shifting force is increased, the synchronizing time can be reduced, but excessive shifting force may damage the synchronizing cone oil film on the synchronizer, generate a large amount of heat instantaneously, and lead to possible ablation of the synchronizer. Moreover, due to the large speed difference between the engine and the input shaft of the transmission, an excessively large shifting force in a moment will cause the shifting speed to be too large, resulting in tooth beating and shifting shock, resulting in a high damage rate of the synchronizer, more than 70% of the time. Transmission repair is damage to the synchronizer caused by improper operation by the driver. Therefore, over the years, the research topics of how to change this situation and how to improve the shifting quality have been widely concerned.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

鉴于上述的分析,本发明旨在提供一种带有磁流变换挡装置的变速箱及使用方法,用以解决现有变速箱在换挡过程中因换挡时间过长而出现动力中断,并导致换挡品质差的问题。In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a gearbox with a magnetic current shifting device and a method for using it, so as to solve the problem of power interruption in the existing gearbox due to excessively long shifting time during the shifting process, And lead to the problem of poor shifting quality.

本发明的目的主要是通过以下技术方案实现的:The object of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种带有磁流变换挡装置的变速箱,包括变速箱第一轴、变速箱中间轴和磁流变换挡装置,所述变速箱第一轴上的齿轮与所述变速箱中间轴上的齿轮相啮合,所述变速箱第一轴为所述磁流变换挡装置提供动力,所述磁流变换挡装置通过齿轮与所述中间轴相啮合。A gearbox with a magnetic current shifting device, comprising a first shaft of the gearbox, a gearbox intermediate shaft and a magnetic current shifting device, the gears on the first shaft of the gearbox are connected to the intermediate shaft of the gearbox The gears on the upper gears are engaged, and the first shaft of the gearbox provides power for the magnetic current shifting device, and the magnetic current shifting device is engaged with the intermediate shaft through the gears.

本发明有益效果如下:本发明将磁流变换挡装置安装在变速箱中,能够通过磁流变换挡装置中的磁流变液实现变速箱中动力输入端与动力输出端之间的动力传递与中断,起到同步器的作用。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention installs the magnetic flow shifting device in the gearbox, and can realize the power between the power input end and the power output end in the gearbox through the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic flow shifting device Pass and interrupt, play the role of synchronizer.

在上述方案的基础上,本发明还做了如下改进:On the basis of the above scheme, the present invention has also made the following improvements:

进一步,所述磁流变换挡装置包括动力输入端齿轮与动力输出轴,所述动力输入端齿轮安装于所述动力输出轴外;所述动力输入端齿轮与所述动力输出轴之间形成腔体,所述腔体内充满磁流变液,励磁线圈位于所述动力输入端齿轮的一侧。Further, the magnetic current shifting gear device includes a power input end gear and a power output shaft, the power input end gear is installed outside the power output shaft; the power input end gear and the power output shaft are formed between The cavity is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the excitation coil is located on one side of the gear at the power input end.

本发明通过调节励磁线圈的电流大小改变传动力矩的大小,进而改变磁流变液的剪切屈服应力的强度及形态来控制换挡装置的动力传输或中断,变速箱则通过变换不同的传动路线来改变传动齿数比来达到变速的目的。The invention controls the power transmission or interruption of the shifting device by adjusting the current of the excitation coil to change the magnitude of the transmission torque, thereby changing the strength and shape of the shear yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid, and the gearbox changes different transmission routes. To change the transmission gear ratio to achieve the purpose of shifting.

进一步,所述动力输入端齿轮的内圈为内齿圈结构,所述动力输出轴的外圈为外齿圈结构;所述动力输入端齿轮的内齿圈与所述动力输出轴的外齿圈通过磁流变液实现啮合与分离;所述动力输入端齿轮与所述中间轴相啮合。Further, the inner ring of the gear at the power input end is an inner ring gear structure, and the outer ring of the power output shaft is an outer ring gear structure; the inner ring gear of the power input end gear and the outer gear of the power output shaft The ring is meshed and separated through magnetorheological fluid; the gear at the power input end meshes with the intermediate shaft.

本发明将动力输入端齿轮的内圈及动力输出轴的外圈加工为齿圈结构,能够使得两者之间的传动力矩在相同的空间里得以最大化,使得传递力矩更加简易方便;本发明在内齿圈结构与外齿圈结构之间的腔体内充满磁流变液,实现变速箱的变速。The invention processes the inner ring of the power input end gear and the outer ring of the power output shaft into a ring gear structure, which can maximize the transmission torque between the two in the same space, making the transmission torque more simple and convenient; the invention The cavity between the inner ring gear structure and the outer ring gear structure is filled with magnetorheological fluid to realize the speed change of the gearbox.

进一步的,所述动力输入端齿轮是与所述动力输出轴同心的轴体。Further, the power input gear is a shaft body concentric with the power output shaft.

进一步的,所述磁流变换挡装置还包括密封装置,所述密封装置固定在所述动力输入端齿轮与所述动力输出轴之间,密封所述腔体。Further, the magnetic flow shifting gear device further includes a sealing device, and the sealing device is fixed between the power input end gear and the power output shaft to seal the cavity.

进一步的,所述密封装置为两个唇形密封圈,分别位于所述腔体的两侧。Further, the sealing device is two lip-shaped sealing rings, which are respectively located on both sides of the cavity.

本发明在动力输入端齿轮与动力输出轴之间设置密封装置,能够防止磁流变液的泄漏。In the present invention, a sealing device is arranged between the power input end gear and the power output shaft, which can prevent the leakage of the magnetorheological fluid.

进一步的,所述磁流变换挡装置还包括端盖,所述端盖为中间带孔的阶梯型圆盘结构,所述励磁线圈固定在所述动力输入端齿轮、端盖及动力输出轴围成的空间中。Further, the magnetic current shifting device further includes an end cover, the end cover is a stepped disc structure with a hole in the middle, and the excitation coil is fixed on the power input gear, the end cover and the power output shaft. in the enclosed space.

本发明将端盖设计为中间带孔的阶梯型圆盘结构,中间带孔是为了可以通过轴件即动力输出端。In the present invention, the end cover is designed as a stepped disc structure with a hole in the middle, and the hole in the middle is for passing the shaft member, that is, the power output end.

进一步的,所述端盖包括端盖前端、端盖中部和端盖后端,所述端盖前端、端盖中部及端盖后端为一体式结构,且外径依次减小。Further, the end cap includes a front end of the end cap, a middle part of the end cap and a rear end of the end cap, and the front end of the end cap, the middle part of the end cap and the rear end of the end cap are one-piece structures, and the outer diameters decrease sequentially.

本发明阶梯状的端盖后端是为了增大外缘面积使得与动力输入端齿轮的固定更加稳定,端盖前端是为了方便与轴承外缘相接触,端盖中部是为了增大端盖与动力输出轴之间的腔体空间使得可环绕线圈数增大。The rear end of the stepped end cover of the present invention is to increase the outer edge area to make the fixation with the power input end gear more stable, the front end of the end cover is to facilitate contact with the outer edge of the bearing, and the middle of the end cover is to increase the distance between the end cover and the bearing. The cavity space between the PTO shafts increases the number of coils that can be wound around.

进一步的,所述励磁线圈固定在所述动力输入端齿轮、端盖及动力输出轴围成的空间中。Further, the excitation coil is fixed in the space enclosed by the power input end gear, the end cover and the power output shaft.

进一步的,所述端盖的前端与动力输出轴之间设置有轴承,所述端盖后端的外缘与所述动力输入端齿轮固定连接。Further, a bearing is provided between the front end of the end cover and the power output shaft, and the outer edge of the rear end of the end cover is fixedly connected with the power input end gear.

优选地,所述端盖后端的外缘与所述动力输入端齿轮通过六角螺栓进行固定连接。Preferably, the outer edge of the rear end of the end cover and the gear at the power input end are fixedly connected by hexagonal bolts.

一种带有磁流变换挡装置变速箱的使用方法,包括以下步骤:A method of using a gearbox with a magnetic current shifting gear device, comprising the following steps:

步骤1.发动机经离合器输入动力带动所述变速箱第一轴旋转,所述变速箱第一轴上的齿轮带动变速箱中间轴及其上的齿轮旋转,所述磁流变换挡装置上的齿轮空转;Step 1. The engine drives the first shaft of the gearbox to rotate through the clutch input power, the gear on the first shaft of the gearbox drives the intermediate shaft of the gearbox and the gears on it to rotate, and the gear on the magnetic current shifting device rotates. gear idling;

步骤2.当需要挡位选择时,对励磁线圈施加电流以改变磁流变换挡装置中磁流变液的状态,通过磁流变液的状态改变使得磁流变换挡装置中动力输入端齿轮与动力输出轴相结合并输出动力,此时得到初始挡位;Step 2. When gear selection is required, a current is applied to the excitation coil to change the state of the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological shifting device. The gear is combined with the power output shaft to output power, and the initial gear is obtained at this time;

步骤3.当需要换挡时,则断开初始挡位励磁线圈中的电流,初始挡位中的动力输入端齿轮与动力输出轴分离,对需要工作挡位的励磁线圈施加电流,实现换挡。Step 3. When gear shifting is required, the current in the excitation coil of the initial gear is disconnected, the power input gear in the initial gear is separated from the power output shaft, and current is applied to the excitation coil that needs a working gear to realize gear shifting. .

本发明的有益效果为:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1)本发明将磁流变液应用到变速器换挡装置上,利用磁流变液具有对信号高度敏感的基本优势和特点,进而达到改变动力传输或中断的高效率和准确控制;(1) The present invention applies the magnetorheological fluid to the gear shifting device of the transmission, and uses the magnetorheological fluid to have the basic advantages and characteristics of being highly sensitive to signals, thereby achieving high efficiency and accurate control of changing power transmission or interruption;

(2)本发明只需要调整线圈电流大小,就能够改变磁感应强度的大小,继而实现对磁流变液剪切屈服应力的影响,这就可以控制动力传输与否,进而取代了传统的纯同步器实现换挡,带有磁流变换挡装置的变速箱能够实现无磨损以及反应快速敏感;(2) The present invention only needs to adjust the coil current to change the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity, and then realize the influence on the shear yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid, which can control the power transmission or not, and then replace the traditional pure synchronization The gearbox can realize gear shifting, and the gearbox with magnetic current shifting device can realize no wear and quick response;

(3)本发明齿轮状结构的设计能够使得两者之间的传动力矩在相同的空间里得以最大化,使得传递力矩更加简易方便;(3) The design of the gear-like structure of the present invention can maximize the transmission torque between the two in the same space, making the transmission torque more simple and convenient;

(4)本发明中励磁线圈通电后能够使腔体内的磁流变液发生磁流变效应,从而使变速器轴之间的传动力矩得以传递,而且可以通过调节励磁线圈电流改变换挡装置的接合与否;(4) In the present invention, after the excitation coil is energized, the magnetorheological fluid in the cavity can have a magnetorheological effect, so that the transmission torque between the transmission shafts can be transmitted, and the engagement of the shifting device can be changed by adjusting the excitation coil current. or not;

(5)本发明将磁流变液应用到汽车变速箱的设计中,利用磁流变液对输入信号响应敏感而且迅速的特点,通过磁流变液传递传动力矩来取代了传统的同步器同步实现换挡,以此改善变速箱的使用性能。(5) The present invention applies the magnetorheological fluid to the design of the automobile gearbox, utilizes the characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid to respond sensitively and quickly to the input signal, and replaces the traditional synchronizer synchronization by transmitting the transmission torque through the magnetorheological fluid Shifts are implemented to improve the performance of the transmission.

本发明中,上述各技术方案之间还可以相互组合,以实现更多的优选组合方案。本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述,并且,部分优点可从说明书中变得显而易见,或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在所写的说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。In the present invention, the above technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and some of the advantages may become apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

附图说明Description of drawings

附图仅用于示出具体实施例的目的,而并不认为是对本发明的限制,在整个附图中,相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。The drawings are for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments only and are not to be considered limiting of the invention, and like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings.

图1为带有磁流变换挡装置的变速箱整体的示意图;1 is a schematic diagram of the entire gearbox with a magnetic current shifting device;

图2为磁流变换挡装置的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic current shifting device.

图中,101-变速箱第一轴,102-变速箱中间轴,103-齿轮,104-动力输出轴,105-端盖,106-六角螺栓,107-轴承,108-唇形密封圈,201-腔体,202-励磁线圈。In the figure, 101- first shaft of gearbox, 102- intermediate shaft of gearbox, 103- gear, 104- power take-off shaft, 105- end cover, 106- hexagon bolt, 107- bearing, 108- lip seal, 201 - Cavity, 202 - Excitation coil.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图来具体描述本发明的优选实施例,其中,附图构成本申请一部分,并与本发明的实施例一起用于阐释本发明的原理,并非用于限定本发明的范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present application, and together with the embodiments of the present invention, are used to explain the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

本发明是基于变速箱内同步器损坏率高的现象,将磁流变液应用到变速器换挡装置上,利用磁流变液具有对信号高度敏感的基本优势和特点,进而达到改变动力传输或中断的高效率和准确控制。通常情况下,只需要调整线圈电流大小,就能够改变磁感应强度的大小,继而实现对磁流变液剪切屈服应力的影响,这就可以控制动力传输与否,这就取代了传统的纯同步器实现换挡,带有磁流变换挡装置的变速箱能够实现无磨损以及反应快速敏感。而齿轮状结构的设计能够使得两者之间的传动力矩在相同的空间里得以最大化,使得传递力矩更加简易方便。The invention is based on the phenomenon of high damage rate of the synchronizer in the gearbox, and applies the magnetorheological fluid to the gear shifting device of the transmission. The magnetorheological fluid has the basic advantages and characteristics of being highly sensitive to signals, thereby achieving the change of power transmission or Efficient and accurate control of interruptions. Under normal circumstances, it is only necessary to adjust the size of the coil current to change the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity, and then realize the influence on the shear yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid, which can control the power transmission or not, which replaces the traditional pure synchronization The transmission can realize gear shifting with the magnetic flow shifting device, which can realize no wear and quick response. The design of the gear-like structure can maximize the transmission torque between the two in the same space, making the transmission torque easier and more convenient.

本发明的一个具体实施例,公开了一种带有磁流变换挡装置的变速箱,如图1所示,包括变速箱第一轴101、变速箱中间轴102和磁流变换挡装置,变速箱第一轴101上有齿轮,变速箱中间轴102上有多个齿轮,变速箱第一轴101通过齿轮与变速箱中间轴102的一个齿轮相啮合,变速箱中间轴102通过其上的其他齿轮与磁流变换挡装置上的齿轮103相啮合;磁流变换挡装置的动力是从变速箱第一轴101传递过来的。A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a gearbox with a magnetic current shifting device, as shown in FIG. 1 , including a gearbox first shaft 101 , a gearbox intermediate shaft 102 and a magnetic current shifting device , there are gears on the first shaft 101 of the gearbox, and there are multiple gears on the intermediate shaft 102 of the gearbox. The other gears are meshed with the gear 103 on the magnetic current shifting device; the power of the magnetic current shifting device is transmitted from the first shaft 101 of the gearbox.

磁流变换挡装置的结构如图2所示,其中,图2为图1中圆圈部位的放大图,磁流变换挡装置包括齿轮103、动力输出轴104、端盖105、六角螺栓106、轴承107、唇形密封圈108、腔体201和励磁线圈202,齿轮103固定在动力输出轴104上,端盖105通过六角螺栓106与齿轮103固定,动力输出轴104与端盖105之间设置有轴承107,齿轮103与动力输出轴104之间有腔体201,在齿轮103的一侧设有励磁线圈202,在齿轮103与动力输出轴104之间设置有唇形密封圈108;值得注意的,此处的动力输出轴104为变速箱第二轴;The structure of the magnetic current shifting device is shown in FIG. 2 , wherein FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the circled part in FIG. 1 . The magnetic current shifting device includes a gear 103 , a power output shaft 104 , an end cover 105 , and a hexagonal bolt 106 , bearing 107, lip seal 108, cavity 201 and excitation coil 202, gear 103 is fixed on PTO shaft 104, end cover 105 is fixed with gear 103 through hexagonal bolt 106, between PTO shaft 104 and end cover 105 A bearing 107 is provided, a cavity 201 is provided between the gear 103 and the power output shaft 104, an excitation coil 202 is provided on one side of the gear 103, and a lip seal 108 is provided between the gear 103 and the power output shaft 104; Note that the power output shaft 104 here is the second shaft of the gearbox;

在齿轮103内圈通过工艺加工为内齿圈结构,动力输出轴104外圈加工为外齿圈结构,且齿轮103的内齿圈结构与动力输出轴104的外齿圈结构之间不啮合;齿轮103的内齿圈结构与动力输出轴104的外齿圈结构之间有间隙,该间隙形成腔体201,本发明在腔体201内充满磁流变液体;齿轮103是与动力输出轴104为同心的轴体;值得注意的,本实施例中的磁流变液可以在安装时先安装一端的密封件,然后直接在腔体中注入磁流变液,然后在另一端填充密封件;The inner ring of the gear 103 is processed into an inner ring gear structure through a process, the outer ring of the power output shaft 104 is processed into an outer ring gear structure, and the inner ring gear structure of the gear 103 and the outer ring gear structure of the power output shaft 104 are not meshed; There is a gap between the inner ring gear structure of the gear 103 and the outer ring gear structure of the power output shaft 104, the gap forms a cavity 201, and the present invention fills the cavity 201 with magnetorheological liquid; the gear 103 is connected to the power output shaft 104 It is a concentric shaft body; it is worth noting that the magnetorheological fluid in this embodiment can be installed with a seal at one end first, and then directly inject the magnetorheological fluid into the cavity, and then fill the seal at the other end;

端盖105为中间带孔的圆盘形结构,本实施例中端盖105为阶梯型的圆盘形结构,包括端盖前端、端盖中部和端盖后端,端盖后端、端盖中部及端盖前端的外缘直径依次减小,且端盖后端、端盖中部及端盖前端的孔径依次减小;端盖后端的外缘通过六角螺栓106与齿轮103固定相连,端盖前端与动力输出轴104之间设置有轴承107,以使动力输出轴104能够相对于端盖105转动;值得注意的,本实施例中将端盖后端固定在齿轮103上时,不限于使用六角螺栓106,只要能够满足将端盖105与齿轮103固定住即可;固定轴承107处的动力输出轴104的轴径要比固定齿轮103处的动力输出轴104的轴径要细,两处的轴径不同是为了方便安装轴承时的轴向定位,可以直接通过从轴径小的一端安装,大轴径可以起到卡住轴承的作用;端盖前端直接与轴承相接触,轴承的作用是能够让两端的物件转速不同,轴承上端与端盖前端相接触,轴承下端与动力输出轴相接触,则可以使得端盖与轴承以不同的圆周速度转动。The end cap 105 is a disc-shaped structure with a hole in the middle. In this embodiment, the end cap 105 is a stepped disc-shaped structure, including the front end of the end cap, the middle part of the end cap and the rear end of the end cap, the rear end of the end cap, the end cap The diameter of the outer edge of the middle part and the front end of the end cap decreases in turn, and the apertures of the rear end of the end cap, the middle part of the end cap and the front end of the end cap decrease in turn; A bearing 107 is arranged between the front end and the power output shaft 104, so that the power output shaft 104 can rotate relative to the end cover 105; it is worth noting that when the rear end of the end cover is fixed on the gear 103 in this embodiment, it is not limited to use The hexagonal bolts 106 can be used as long as the end cover 105 and the gear 103 can be fixed; the shaft diameter of the power output shaft 104 at the fixed bearing 107 is smaller than the shaft diameter of the power output shaft 104 at the fixed gear 103. The difference in shaft diameter is to facilitate the axial positioning when installing the bearing. It can be installed directly from the end with the small shaft diameter. The large shaft diameter can play the role of clamping the bearing; the front end of the end cover is directly in contact with the bearing, and the function of the bearing It can make the objects at both ends rotate at different speeds. The upper end of the bearing is in contact with the front end of the end cover, and the lower end of the bearing is in contact with the power output shaft, so that the end cover and the bearing can rotate at different circumferential speeds.

唇形密封圈108设置在齿轮103与动力输出轴104之间,也就是说,唇形密封圈108将齿轮103与动力输出轴104之间形成的腔体201进行密封,防止腔体内磁流变液的泄漏。The lip seal 108 is arranged between the gear 103 and the power output shaft 104, that is to say, the lip seal 108 seals the cavity 201 formed between the gear 103 and the power output shaft 104 to prevent magnetorheological changes in the cavity fluid leakage.

励磁线圈202固定在齿轮103的一侧,本实施例中的励磁线圈202固定在齿轮103、端盖105、动力输出轴104围成的空间中;当励磁线圈202通电后,腔体201中的磁流变液开始形成链状结构,此时磁流变液以固体形态存在,当输入机构旋转时,固体形态的磁流变液受齿轮103内齿圈结构和动力输出轴104外齿圈结构形状的限制,形成齿轮状结构,与齿轮103内齿圈及动力输出轴104外齿圈相啮合来传递传动动力;当励磁线圈202处于断电状态时,腔体201中没有磁场,磁流变液处于牛顿流体状态,在腔体中自由流动,齿轮103与动力输出轴104之间只有液体的粘性转矩,由于数值很小,可以忽略不计;本实施例将腔体内的线圈连接到外部空间,通过开关改变励磁线圈中电流的通断。The excitation coil 202 is fixed on one side of the gear 103. In this embodiment, the excitation coil 202 is fixed in the space enclosed by the gear 103, the end cover 105, and the power output shaft 104; when the excitation coil 202 is energized, the The magnetorheological fluid begins to form a chain-like structure. At this time, the magnetorheological fluid exists in the form of solid. When the input mechanism rotates, the magnetorheological fluid in the solid form is affected by the inner ring gear structure of the gear 103 and the outer ring gear structure of the power output shaft 104. Due to the limitation of the shape, a gear-like structure is formed, which meshes with the inner ring gear of the gear 103 and the outer ring gear of the power output shaft 104 to transmit the transmission power; when the excitation coil 202 is in a power-off state, there is no magnetic field in the cavity 201, and the magnetorheological The liquid is in the state of Newtonian fluid and flows freely in the cavity. There is only the viscous torque of the liquid between the gear 103 and the power take-off shaft 104, which can be ignored due to the small value; this embodiment connects the coil in the cavity to the external space , change the on-off of the current in the excitation coil through the switch.

值得注意的,本发明中的磁流变换挡装置可以应用在变速箱第二轴中所有的齿轮与变速箱第二轴中,但是,本发明中磁流变换挡装置的应用范围并不仅限与此,只要能够使用本发明装置实现换档或其他都可应用。It is worth noting that the magnetic current shifting device in the present invention can be applied to all gears in the second shaft of the gearbox and the second shaft of the gearbox, but the application range of the magnetic current shifting device in the present invention is not limited to Limited to this, as long as the device of the present invention can be used to achieve shifting or other applications are applicable.

本发明的另一个具体实施例,公开了一种带有磁流变换挡装置变速箱的使用方法,包括:Another specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for using a gearbox with a magnetic current shifting gear device, comprising:

步骤1.发动机经离合器输入动力带动变速箱第一轴旋转,通过变速箱第一轴上齿轮带动变速箱中间轴及其上的齿轮旋转,而变速箱第二轴上齿轮因与变速箱中间轴上齿轮相啮合而在变速箱第二轴上空转,因此变速箱第二轴在此状态下不能被驱动;值得注意的,此处的变速箱第二轴与动力输出轴为同一轴;Step 1. The engine drives the first shaft of the gearbox to rotate through the clutch input power, and the gear on the first shaft of the gearbox drives the intermediate shaft of the gearbox and the gears on it to rotate, and the gear on the second shaft of the gearbox is connected to the intermediate shaft of the gearbox. The upper gear meshes and rotates idly on the second shaft of the gearbox, so the second shaft of the gearbox cannot be driven in this state; it is worth noting that the second shaft of the gearbox here is the same shaft as the power output shaft;

步骤2.变速箱第二轴齿轮与变速箱第二轴本处于空转状态,需要挡位选择时,对励磁线圈施加电流以改变磁流变液的状态,通过磁流变液的状态改变使得变速箱第二轴齿轮与变速箱第二轴相结合并输出动力,此时处于初始挡位;值得注意的,此时的变速箱第二轴齿轮为动力输入端齿轮,Step 2. The gear of the second shaft of the gearbox and the second shaft of the gearbox are in an idling state. When gear selection is required, a current is applied to the excitation coil to change the state of the magnetorheological fluid. The change of the state of the magnetorheological fluid makes the speed change. The second shaft gear of the gearbox is combined with the second shaft of the gearbox and outputs power. At this time, it is in the initial gear; it is worth noting that the second shaft gear of the gearbox is the power input gear at this time.

步骤3.需要换挡时,则断开初始挡位励磁线圈中的电流,对需要工作的挡位的励磁线圈施加电流,实现换挡。Step 3. When shifting is required, the current in the excitation coil of the initial gear is disconnected, and current is applied to the excitation coil of the gear that needs to be operated to realize shifting.

综上所述,本发明提供了一种带有磁流变换挡装置的变速箱及使用方法,本发明通过磁流变液传递传动力矩实现变速器中动力输入端齿轮与动力输出轴之间的动力传递和中断,起到同步器的作用;同时,本发明将动力输入端齿轮的内圈与动力输出轴的外圈设计成齿轮状结构,能实现磁流变液与齿轮及动力输出轴相啮合自锁来传递传动动力,进而达到变速的目的。To sum up, the present invention provides a gearbox with a magnetorheological shifting device and a method of using the same. The present invention transmits the transmission torque through magnetorheological fluid to realize the transmission between the power input gear and the power output shaft in the gearbox. The power transmission and interruption play the role of a synchronizer; at the same time, the invention designs the inner ring of the power input end gear and the outer ring of the power output shaft into a gear-like structure, which can realize the phase between the magnetorheological fluid and the gear and the power output shaft. Engage self-locking to transmit transmission power, and then achieve the purpose of shifting.

以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The use method of the gearbox with the magneto-rheological gear shifting device is characterized in that the gearbox with the magneto-rheological gear shifting device comprises a first gearbox shaft, a middle gearbox shaft and the magneto-rheological gear shifting device, a gear on the first gearbox shaft is meshed with a gear on the middle gearbox shaft, the first gearbox shaft provides power for the magneto-rheological gear shifting device, and the magneto-rheological gear shifting device is meshed with the middle gearbox shaft through the gear;
the magnetorheological gear shifting device comprises a power input end gear and a power output shaft, and the power input end gear is arranged outside the power output shaft; a cavity is formed between the power input end gear and the power output shaft, magnetorheological fluid is filled in the cavity, and the excitation coil is positioned on one side of the power input end gear;
the inner ring of the power input end gear is of an inner gear ring structure, and the outer ring of the power output shaft is of an outer gear ring structure; the inner gear ring of the power input end gear is meshed and separated with the outer gear ring of the power output shaft through magnetorheological fluid; the power input end gear is meshed with the intermediate shaft of the gearbox;
the power input end gear is a shaft body concentric with the power output shaft;
the magnetorheological gear shifting device further comprises a sealing device, and the sealing device is fixed between the power input end gear and the power output shaft and seals the cavity;
the sealing device is two lip-shaped sealing rings which are respectively positioned at two sides of the cavity;
the magnetorheological gear shifting device further comprises an end cover, wherein the end cover is of a stepped disc structure with a hole in the middle, the end cover comprises an end cover front end, an end cover middle part and an end cover rear end, the outer edge diameters of the end cover rear end, the end cover middle part and the end cover front end are sequentially reduced, and the hole diameters of the end cover rear end, the end cover middle part and the end cover front end are sequentially reduced; the excitation coil is fixed in a space surrounded by the power input end gear, the end cover and the power output shaft;
a bearing is arranged between the front end of the end cover and the power output shaft;
the outer edge of the rear end of the end cover is fixed with the power input end gear through a bolt;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, an engine inputs power through a clutch to drive a first shaft of a gearbox to rotate, a gear on the first shaft of the gearbox drives a middle shaft of the gearbox and gears on the middle shaft of the gearbox to rotate, and gears on a magnetorheological gear shifting device idle;
step 2, when gear selection is needed, applying current to the excitation coil to change the state of magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological gear shifting device, and enabling a power input end gear and a power output shaft in the magnetorheological gear shifting device to be combined and output power through the change of the state of the magnetorheological fluid, so that an initial gear is obtained; the magnetorheological fluid exists in a solid state, and when the input mechanism rotates, the magnetorheological fluid in the solid state is limited by the shapes of the inner gear ring structure of the power input end gear and the outer gear ring structure of the power output shaft to form a gear-shaped structure which is meshed with the inner gear ring of the power input end gear and the outer gear ring of the power output shaft to transmit transmission power;
and 3, when gear shifting is needed, disconnecting the current in the excitation coil of the initial gear, separating the gear at the power input end in the initial gear from the power output shaft, and applying the current to the excitation coil of the gear needing to be operated to realize the gear shifting.
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