CN108036042B - Gearbox with magnetorheological gear shifting device and use method - Google Patents
Gearbox with magnetorheological gear shifting device and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108036042B CN108036042B CN201711084678.2A CN201711084678A CN108036042B CN 108036042 B CN108036042 B CN 108036042B CN 201711084678 A CN201711084678 A CN 201711084678A CN 108036042 B CN108036042 B CN 108036042B
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- gearbox
- shaft
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- shifting device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
- F16H61/0204—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a gearbox with a magnetorheological gear shifting device, which comprises a first shaft of the gearbox, a middle shaft of the gearbox and the magnetorheological gear shifting device, wherein a gear on the first shaft of the gearbox is meshed with a gear on the middle shaft of the gearbox, the first shaft of the gearbox provides power for the magnetorheological gear shifting device, and the magnetorheological gear shifting device is meshed with the middle shaft through the gear. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a using method of the gearbox with the magneto-rheological gear shifting device. The magnetorheological fluid is applied to the transmission gear shifting device, and the basic advantages and characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid, which are highly sensitive to signals, are utilized, so that the high efficiency and the accurate control of changing power transmission or interruption are achieved; meanwhile, the design of the gear-shaped structure of the invention can maximize the transmission torque between the two in the same space, so that the transmission torque is simpler and more convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile gearboxes, in particular to a gearbox with a magnetorheological gear shifting device and a using method of the gearbox.
Background
An Automated Manual Transmission (AMT) is a typical representative of a gearbox, the purpose of speed change is achieved by changing gear ratios through changing different transmission lines, and in order to enable the peripheral speeds of a pair of teeth of a meshed gear of a selected gear to be equal and not to generate impact between the teeth or spline teeth during gear shifting, a synchronizer is required to enable the peripheral speeds of a combination sleeve and a corresponding combination gear ring to be rapidly achieved and kept consistent. However, the AMT gearbox has the disadvantages of poor gear shifting quality due to overlong gear shifting time and power interruption phenomenon in the gear shifting process. If the shifting force is increased, the synchronization time can be reduced, but the excessive shifting force can damage the oil film of the synchronization conical surface on the synchronizer, so that a large amount of heat is generated instantaneously, and the possible ablation phenomenon of the synchronizer is caused. And because the engine has very big difference in rotation speed with the transmission input shaft, the too big gear shift power of a moment can make the shift speed too big produce and beat tooth and shift the impact, leads to the spoilage of synchronous ware very high, and the transmission maintenance of more than 70% is the synchronous ware damage that causes by driver's misoperation. Therefore, research issues on how to change the current situation and how to improve the shift quality have been focused on for many years.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a transmission with a magnetorheological gear shifting device and a method for using the same, so as to solve the problem that the conventional transmission has poor gear shifting quality due to power interruption caused by too long gear shifting time in the gear shifting process.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
a gearbox with a magnetorheological gear shifting device comprises a first shaft of the gearbox, a middle shaft of the gearbox and the magnetorheological gear shifting device, wherein a gear on the first shaft of the gearbox is meshed with a gear on the middle shaft of the gearbox, the first shaft of the gearbox provides power for the magnetorheological gear shifting device, and the magnetorheological gear shifting device is meshed with the middle shaft through the gear.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the magneto-rheological gear shifting device is arranged in the gearbox, and power transmission and interruption between the power input end and the power output end in the gearbox can be realized through magneto-rheological fluid in the magneto-rheological gear shifting device, so that the function of a synchronizer is achieved.
On the basis of the scheme, the invention is further improved as follows:
further, the magnetorheological gear shifting device comprises a power input end gear and a power output shaft, and the power input end gear is arranged outside the power output shaft; a cavity is formed between the power input end gear and the power output shaft, magnetorheological fluid is filled in the cavity, and the magnet exciting coil is located on one side of the power input end gear.
The invention changes the magnitude of the transmission torque by adjusting the current of the magnet exciting coil, further changes the intensity and the form of the shear yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid to control the power transmission or the interruption of the gear shifting device, and the gear box changes the transmission tooth ratio by changing different transmission lines to achieve the purpose of speed change.
Further, the inner ring of the power input end gear is of an inner gear ring structure, and the outer ring of the power output shaft is of an outer gear ring structure; the inner gear ring of the power input end gear is meshed and separated with the outer gear ring of the power output shaft through magnetorheological fluid; the power input end gear is meshed with the intermediate shaft.
The inner ring of the power input end gear and the outer ring of the power output shaft are processed into the gear ring structure, so that the transmission torque between the power input end gear and the power output shaft can be maximized in the same space, and the transmission torque is simpler and more convenient; the magnetorheological fluid is filled in the cavity between the inner gear ring structure and the outer gear ring structure, so that the speed change of the gearbox is realized.
Further, the power input end gear is a shaft body concentric with the power output shaft.
Furthermore, the magnetorheological gear shifting device further comprises a sealing device, and the sealing device is fixed between the power input end gear and the power output shaft and seals the cavity.
Furthermore, the sealing device is two lip-shaped sealing rings which are respectively positioned at two sides of the cavity.
According to the invention, the sealing device is arranged between the power input end gear and the power output shaft, so that the leakage of the magnetorheological fluid can be prevented.
Furthermore, the magnetorheological gear shifting device further comprises an end cover, the end cover is of a stepped disc structure with a hole in the middle, and the magnet exciting coil is fixed in a space surrounded by the power input end gear, the end cover and the power output shaft.
The end cover is designed into a step-type disc structure with a hole in the middle, and the hole in the middle is used for allowing a shaft member, namely a power output end to pass through.
Further, the end cover comprises an end cover front end, an end cover middle part and an end cover rear end, wherein the end cover front end, the end cover middle part and the end cover rear end are of an integrated structure, and the outer diameters of the end cover front end, the end cover middle part and the end cover rear end are reduced in sequence.
The stepped end cover is arranged at the rear end of the end cover to increase the area of the outer edge so that the stepped end cover can be fixed with a power input end gear more stably, the front end of the end cover is in contact with the outer edge of a bearing conveniently, and the middle part of the end cover is used for increasing the cavity space between the end cover and a power output shaft so that the number of the coils which can be wound is increased.
Furthermore, the excitation coil is fixed in a space surrounded by the power input end gear, the end cover and the power output shaft.
Furthermore, a bearing is arranged between the front end of the end cover and the power output shaft, and the outer edge of the rear end of the end cover is fixedly connected with the power input end gear.
Preferably, the outer edge of the rear end of the end cover is fixedly connected with the power input end gear through a hexagon bolt.
A use method of a gearbox with a magnetorheological gear shifting device comprises the following steps:
step 1, an engine inputs power through a clutch to drive a first shaft of a gearbox to rotate, a gear on the first shaft of the gearbox drives a middle shaft of the gearbox and gears on the middle shaft of the gearbox to rotate, and gears on a magnetorheological gear shifting device idle;
step 2, when gear selection is needed, applying current to the excitation coil to change the state of magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological gear shifting device, and enabling a power input end gear and a power output shaft in the magnetorheological gear shifting device to be combined and output power through the change of the state of the magnetorheological fluid, so that an initial gear is obtained;
and 3, when gear shifting is needed, disconnecting the current in the excitation coil of the initial gear, separating the gear at the power input end in the initial gear from the power output shaft, and applying the current to the excitation coil of the gear needing to be operated to realize the gear shifting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the magnetorheological fluid is applied to the transmission gear shifting device, and the basic advantages and characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid, which are highly sensitive to signals, are utilized, so that the high efficiency and the accurate control of changing power transmission or interruption are achieved;
(2) according to the invention, the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity can be changed only by adjusting the magnitude of the coil current, so that the influence on the shearing yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is realized, and the influence on the power transmission can be controlled, so that the traditional pure synchronizer is replaced to realize gear shifting, and the transmission with the magnetorheological gear shifting device can realize no abrasion and quick response sensitivity;
(3) the design of the gear-shaped structure of the invention can maximize the transmission torque between the two in the same space, so that the transmission torque is simpler and more convenient;
(4) after the excitation coil is electrified, magnetorheological fluid in the cavity can generate a magnetorheological effect, so that transmission torque between shafts of the transmission can be transmitted, and whether the gear shifting device is jointed or not can be changed by adjusting the current of the excitation coil;
(5) the invention applies the magnetorheological fluid to the design of the automobile transmission, utilizes the characteristic that the magnetorheological fluid is sensitive and quick to the response of an input signal, and transmits the transmission torque through the magnetorheological fluid to replace the traditional synchronizer to synchronously realize gear shifting so as to improve the service performance of the transmission.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a transmission with a magnetorheological shifting device in its entirety;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the magnetorheological gear shifting device.
In the figure, 101-gearbox primary shaft, 102-gearbox intermediate shaft, 103-gear, 104-power output shaft, 105-end cover, 106-hexagon bolt, 107-bearing, 108-lip seal, 201-cavity, 202-magnet exciting coil.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention is based on the phenomenon that the synchronizer in the gearbox has high damage rate, applies the magnetorheological fluid to the transmission gear shifting device, and utilizes the basic advantages and characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid which are highly sensitive to signals, thereby achieving the high efficiency and accurate control of changing power transmission or interruption. Under the general condition, the magnetic induction intensity can be changed only by adjusting the current of the coil, so that the influence on the shearing yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is realized, the power transmission can be controlled, the traditional pure synchronizer is replaced, the gear shifting is realized, and the gearbox with the magnetorheological gear shifting device can realize no abrasion and quick response sensitivity. And the design of the gear-shaped structure can maximize the transmission torque between the two in the same space, so that the transmission torque is simpler and more convenient.
The invention discloses a gearbox with a magnetorheological gear shifting device, which comprises a gearbox first shaft 101, a gearbox intermediate shaft 102 and the magnetorheological gear shifting device, wherein the gearbox first shaft 101 is provided with a gear, the gearbox intermediate shaft 102 is provided with a plurality of gears, the gearbox first shaft 101 is meshed with one gear of the gearbox intermediate shaft 102 through the gear, and the gearbox intermediate shaft 102 is meshed with a gear 103 on the magnetorheological gear shifting device through other gears on the gearbox intermediate shaft; the power of the magnetorheological shifting device is transmitted from the first shaft 101 of the gearbox.
The structure of the magnetorheological gear shifting device is shown in fig. 2, wherein fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a circle part in fig. 1, the magnetorheological gear shifting device comprises a gear 103, a power output shaft 104, an end cover 105, a hexagon bolt 106, a bearing 107, a lip-shaped sealing ring 108, a cavity 201 and an excitation coil 202, the gear 103 is fixed on the power output shaft 104, the end cover 105 is fixed with the gear 103 through the hexagon bolt 106, the bearing 107 is arranged between the power output shaft 104 and the end cover 105, the cavity 201 is arranged between the gear 103 and the power output shaft 104, the excitation coil 202 is arranged on one side of the gear 103, and the lip-shaped sealing ring 108 is arranged between the gear 103; notably, the power take-off shaft 104 here is the transmission second shaft;
an inner ring of the gear 103 is processed into an inner ring gear structure through a process, an outer ring of the power output shaft 104 is processed into an outer ring gear structure, and the inner ring gear structure of the gear 103 is not meshed with the outer ring gear structure of the power output shaft 104; a gap is reserved between the inner gear ring structure of the gear 103 and the outer gear ring structure of the power output shaft 104, the gap forms a cavity 201, and magnetorheological fluid is filled in the cavity 201; the gear 103 is a shaft body concentric with the power output shaft 104; it is worth noting that the magnetorheological fluid in the embodiment may be installed with the sealing member at one end first, then the magnetorheological fluid is directly injected into the cavity, and then the sealing member is filled at the other end;
the end cover 105 is of a disc-shaped structure with a hole in the middle, in the embodiment, the end cover 105 is of a step-shaped disc-shaped structure and comprises an end cover front end, an end cover middle part and an end cover rear end, the outer edge diameters of the end cover rear end, the end cover middle part and the end cover front end are sequentially reduced, and the hole diameters of the end cover rear end, the end cover middle part and the end cover front end are sequentially reduced; the outer edge of the rear end of the end cover is fixedly connected with the gear 103 through a hexagon bolt 106, and a bearing 107 is arranged between the front end of the end cover and the power output shaft 104 so that the power output shaft 104 can rotate relative to the end cover 105; it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, when the rear end of the end cap is fixed to the gear 103, the use of the hexagon bolt 106 is not limited as long as the end cap 105 and the gear 103 can be fixed; the shaft diameter of the power output shaft 104 at the fixed bearing 107 is thinner than that of the power output shaft 104 at the fixed gear 103, the shaft diameters at the two positions are different, so that the bearing can be conveniently and axially positioned when being installed, the bearing can be directly installed from one end with the smaller shaft diameter, and the larger shaft diameter can play a role in clamping the bearing; the front end of the end cover is directly contacted with the bearing, the bearing has the function of enabling the rotating speeds of objects at two ends to be different, the upper end of the bearing is contacted with the front end of the end cover, the lower end of the bearing is contacted with the power output shaft, and the end cover and the bearing can rotate at different peripheral speeds.
The lip-shaped sealing ring 108 is arranged between the gear 103 and the power output shaft 104, that is, the lip-shaped sealing ring 108 seals a cavity 201 formed between the gear 103 and the power output shaft 104, so as to prevent leakage of magnetorheological fluid in the cavity.
The exciting coil 202 is fixed on one side of the gear 103, and the exciting coil 202 in the embodiment is fixed in a space surrounded by the gear 103, the end cover 105 and the power output shaft 104; when the excitation coil 202 is electrified, the magnetorheological fluid in the cavity 201 starts to form a chain-shaped structure, the magnetorheological fluid exists in a solid state, and when the input mechanism rotates, the magnetorheological fluid in the solid state is limited by the shapes of the inner gear ring structure of the gear 103 and the outer gear ring structure of the power output shaft 104 to form a gear-shaped structure which is meshed with the inner gear ring of the gear 103 and the outer gear ring of the power output shaft 104 to transmit transmission power; when the excitation coil 202 is in a power-off state, no magnetic field exists in the cavity 201, the magnetorheological fluid is in a Newtonian fluid state and freely flows in the cavity, and only viscous torque of liquid exists between the gear 103 and the power output shaft 104, and the viscous torque can be ignored due to small numerical value; in the embodiment, the coil in the cavity is connected to the external space, and the on-off of the current in the excitation coil is changed through the switch.
It should be noted that the magnetorheological shifting apparatus of the present invention can be applied to all gears in the second shaft of the transmission and the second shaft of the transmission, however, the application scope of the magnetorheological shifting apparatus of the present invention is not limited thereto, as long as the apparatus of the present invention can be used to shift gears or other applications.
The invention discloses a method for using a gearbox with a magnetorheological gear shifting device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, an engine inputs power through a clutch to drive a first shaft of a gearbox to rotate, a gear on the first shaft of the gearbox drives a middle shaft of the gearbox and gears on the middle shaft of the gearbox to rotate, and a gear on a second shaft of the gearbox idles on a second shaft of the gearbox due to meshing with the gear on the middle shaft of the gearbox, so that the second shaft of the gearbox cannot be driven in the state; it is worth noting that the second shaft of the gearbox and the power output shaft are the same shaft;
step 2, the second shaft gear of the gearbox and the second shaft of the gearbox are in an idling state, when gear selection is needed, current is applied to the exciting coil to change the state of the magnetorheological fluid, the second shaft gear of the gearbox is combined with the second shaft of the gearbox through the change of the state of the magnetorheological fluid and outputs power, and the second shaft gear of the gearbox is in an initial gear at the moment; it is worth noting that the second shaft gear of the gearbox is the power input end gear,
and 3, when gear shifting is needed, disconnecting the current in the excitation coil of the initial gear, and applying the current to the excitation coil of the gear needing to work to realize the gear shifting.
In summary, the invention provides a gearbox with a magneto-rheological gear shifting device and a using method thereof, the invention realizes power transmission and interruption between a power input end gear and a power output shaft in a transmission by transmitting transmission torque through magneto-rheological fluid, and plays a role of a synchronizer; meanwhile, the inner ring of the power input end gear and the outer ring of the power output shaft are designed into gear-shaped structures, and the magnetorheological fluid, the gear and the power output shaft can be meshed and self-locked to transmit transmission power, so that the purpose of speed change is achieved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The use method of the gearbox with the magneto-rheological gear shifting device is characterized in that the gearbox with the magneto-rheological gear shifting device comprises a first gearbox shaft, a middle gearbox shaft and the magneto-rheological gear shifting device, a gear on the first gearbox shaft is meshed with a gear on the middle gearbox shaft, the first gearbox shaft provides power for the magneto-rheological gear shifting device, and the magneto-rheological gear shifting device is meshed with the middle gearbox shaft through the gear;
the magnetorheological gear shifting device comprises a power input end gear and a power output shaft, and the power input end gear is arranged outside the power output shaft; a cavity is formed between the power input end gear and the power output shaft, magnetorheological fluid is filled in the cavity, and the excitation coil is positioned on one side of the power input end gear;
the inner ring of the power input end gear is of an inner gear ring structure, and the outer ring of the power output shaft is of an outer gear ring structure; the inner gear ring of the power input end gear is meshed and separated with the outer gear ring of the power output shaft through magnetorheological fluid; the power input end gear is meshed with the intermediate shaft of the gearbox;
the power input end gear is a shaft body concentric with the power output shaft;
the magnetorheological gear shifting device further comprises a sealing device, and the sealing device is fixed between the power input end gear and the power output shaft and seals the cavity;
the sealing device is two lip-shaped sealing rings which are respectively positioned at two sides of the cavity;
the magnetorheological gear shifting device further comprises an end cover, wherein the end cover is of a stepped disc structure with a hole in the middle, the end cover comprises an end cover front end, an end cover middle part and an end cover rear end, the outer edge diameters of the end cover rear end, the end cover middle part and the end cover front end are sequentially reduced, and the hole diameters of the end cover rear end, the end cover middle part and the end cover front end are sequentially reduced; the excitation coil is fixed in a space surrounded by the power input end gear, the end cover and the power output shaft;
a bearing is arranged between the front end of the end cover and the power output shaft;
the outer edge of the rear end of the end cover is fixed with the power input end gear through a bolt;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, an engine inputs power through a clutch to drive a first shaft of a gearbox to rotate, a gear on the first shaft of the gearbox drives a middle shaft of the gearbox and gears on the middle shaft of the gearbox to rotate, and gears on a magnetorheological gear shifting device idle;
step 2, when gear selection is needed, applying current to the excitation coil to change the state of magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological gear shifting device, and enabling a power input end gear and a power output shaft in the magnetorheological gear shifting device to be combined and output power through the change of the state of the magnetorheological fluid, so that an initial gear is obtained; the magnetorheological fluid exists in a solid state, and when the input mechanism rotates, the magnetorheological fluid in the solid state is limited by the shapes of the inner gear ring structure of the power input end gear and the outer gear ring structure of the power output shaft to form a gear-shaped structure which is meshed with the inner gear ring of the power input end gear and the outer gear ring of the power output shaft to transmit transmission power;
and 3, when gear shifting is needed, disconnecting the current in the excitation coil of the initial gear, separating the gear at the power input end in the initial gear from the power output shaft, and applying the current to the excitation coil of the gear needing to be operated to realize the gear shifting.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711084678.2A CN108036042B (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | Gearbox with magnetorheological gear shifting device and use method |
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| CN201711084678.2A CN108036042B (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | Gearbox with magnetorheological gear shifting device and use method |
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| CN108036042B true CN108036042B (en) | 2020-02-14 |
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| CN110576706B (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2021-10-12 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Vehicle motion state control method and vehicle |
| CN110576705B (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2021-07-23 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Vehicle, drive axle and half shaft assembly |
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| GB2358680A (en) * | 2000-01-31 | 2001-08-01 | Eaton Corp | A transmission with low inertia shaft |
| KR100506996B1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-08-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Synchronizer of manual transmission |
| KR100506997B1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-08-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Synchronizer of manual transmission |
| CN100470111C (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2009-03-18 | 浙江大学 | Follower location unit in non-stress space |
| KR20150077732A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-08 | 현대다이모스(주) | Hybrid transmission and control method thereof |
| WO2017076422A1 (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-11 | Kongsberg Automotive Ab | A shift actuator assembly for a vehicle transmission |
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