CN108032123B - A kind of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling - Google Patents

A kind of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108032123B
CN108032123B CN201711394060.6A CN201711394060A CN108032123B CN 108032123 B CN108032123 B CN 108032123B CN 201711394060 A CN201711394060 A CN 201711394060A CN 108032123 B CN108032123 B CN 108032123B
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China
Prior art keywords
ball
core shaft
head core
ball head
cone seat
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CN201711394060.6A
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CN108032123A (en
Inventor
凌四营
王坤
汪训练
王晓东
王立鼎
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Golden teeth transmission technology (Dalian) Co.,Ltd.
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Dalian University of Technology
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Publication of CN108032123A publication Critical patent/CN108032123A/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/12Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2703/00Work clamping
    • B23Q2703/02Work clamping means
    • B23Q2703/04Work clamping means using fluid means or a vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2703/00Work clamping
    • B23Q2703/02Work clamping means
    • B23Q2703/10Devices for clamping workpieces of a particular form or made from a particular material

Abstract

The invention belongs to precision processing technology fields.The present invention provides a kind of ball head core shaft rigid grasp toolings, comprising: cone seat, connector sleeve, ball retainer, steel ball, lathe move top, ball head core shaft, adjusting screw, sealing ring, piston, reset spring, revolving bed.It is acted on using the angle of wedge between cone seat inner conical surface and ball head core shaft, so that the steel ball with high precision being axially moved is generated radial displacement component, realize the rigid grasp of ball head core shaft;The radially installed position of cone seat is adjustable, so that cone seat inner conical surface with lathe is moved top axis of rotation coaxial;Steel ball is point contact with the contact of cone seat inner conical surface and ball head core shaft, and the impurity contact area difficult to get access in cutting fluid makes parts depreciation;Ball head core shaft can be achieved under the action of hydraulic coupling loosens, partly clamps and clamps entirely three kinds of working state structures.The more traditional elastic clamping tool structure of the present invention is simple, and processing cost is low, and positioning accuracy is high, long service life advantage, has good market application prospect and promotional value.

Description

A kind of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling
Technical field
The invention belongs to precision processing technology fields, are related to a kind of lathe ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling.
Background technique
Mandrel is a kind of part more typical in field of machining, and when use realizes core on the basis of the centre bore of mandrel The positioning of axis.It is not allow mandrel and machine in process for the mandrel of angled required precision, such as Gear Processing mandrel Bed, which moves, top has relative rotation.The conical surface and lathe for depending merely on mandrel centre bore move the frictional force between top and are difficult to realize mandrel Top rigid connection is moved with lathe.Top coupling stiffness is moved in order to increase mandrel and lathe, needs to increase additional clamping Tooling.For low speed or intermittent the case where determining angular indexing, common nonaxisymmetrical hand actuable clamping device can be used;For The occasion of continuous rotation and high speed rotation needs that unbalance dynamic can be reduced to machining accuracy using axisymmetric clamping device Influence.
Collet is a kind of very common axial symmetry clamping tool, and manual, hydraulic or air pressure can be used and carry out Automatic-clamping. With the raising of Machinery Tool Automation degree, need to control the working condition of collet during Workpiece clamping by numerical control program, And loosening, switching between half clamping and complete clamp, facilitate at this time using hydraulic or air pressure driving realization Automatic-clamping.
For existing elastic collet, for the clamping and positioning for realizing degree of precision, it is desirable that the axis of elastic collet flexible flaps Line moves that top axis is completely the same with lathe, and requires the conical surface of elastic collet flexible flaps inner hole and outer diameter with higher Circularity and concentricity requirement.Therefore, high-precision collet manufacturing cost is higher.In addition, the flexible flaps of existing elastic collet are radial Multiple (3 or more) slots are provided with, to facilitate realization radial deformation, to realize the clamping of ball head core shaft.However, flexible flaps deform Afterwards, interior male cone (strobilus masculinus) has become non-disc, also becomes multizone to the clamping of ball head core shaft and clamps.In addition, flexible flaps with It is line or face contact between the cone seat inner conical surface of limit, abrasive dust or sand grains in process are easily accessible the region, cause The abrasion of cone seat and flexible flaps influences the positioning accuracy and service life of elastic collet.Therefore, the flexibility in existing elastic collet Valve is vulnerable part, needs to regularly replace.In addition, the flexible flaps processing technology in existing elastic collet is complicated, it is desirable that machining accuracy is high, Cause processing cost and use cost excessively high.
Summary of the invention
To solve the problems, such as that high use cost existing for existing elastic collet, processing difficulties and positioning accuracy are difficult to ensure, The present invention provides a kind of toolings that ball head core shaft rigid grasp is realized using steel ball.
The specific technical proposal is:
A kind of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling, comprising: cone seat, connector sleeve, ball retainer, steel ball, lathe move it is top, Ball head core shaft, adjusting screw, sealing ring, piston, reset spring, revolving bed;Ball retainer is located at connector sleeve top, and the two is all In cone seat, ball head core shaft is contacted with the steel ball in ball retainer, and lathe moves top slotting across connector sleeve, ball retainer Enter ball head core shaft;
Cone seat is rotary structure, and be radially uniformly distributed along the circumference more than two leakage opening A, middle part of cone seat upper inside wall is equipped with 2~3 sealing rings, lower part are radially uniformly distributed along the circumference four or more adjustment tightening threaded holes;Cone seat base platform is circumferentially The reset spring limiting stand of uniformly distributed three or more counter sinks and three or more;Cone seat upper end inner hole is equipped with inner conical surface;Cone seat is logical It crosses attachment screw B to fix with revolving bed, the inner conical surface of upper end applies pressure to ball head core shaft by steel ball, realizes the folder of ball head core shaft Tightly;
Connector sleeve is hollow inverted T shaped revolving body, and be uniformly distributed along the circumference three or more connecting holes and company on revolving body base platform Connect the spring eye that the quantity that hole is alternately uniformly arranged is equal to connecting hole;Connector sleeve outer wall lower part is circumferentially evenly arranged and connects The corresponding inverted cone surface in hole site;Connector sleeve wall surface top is circumferentially evenly arranged more than two leakage opening B;Connector sleeve inner wall top Connection internal screw thread is opened up above portion to leakage opening B;It is thrust surface at the top of connector sleeve;Connector sleeve passes through connection by attachment screw A Hole is connect with piston;Reset spring pass through connector sleeve spring eye and limit cone seat reset spring limiting stand and piston it Between;
Ball retainer lower end is external screw thread, and ball retainer is connected through a screw thread with connector sleeve, ball retainer upper end For the pyramidal structure of equal wall thickness, wall thickness is less than the diameter of steel ball, and interior outside cone angle is equal to the cone angle of cone seat inner conical surface;Circumferentially wall Face is evenly arranged the ball room that four or more internal diameters are greater than steel ball size, and ball room is straight less than steel ball close to the edge diameter of inner conical surface Diameter prevents steel ball from dropping out in ball retainer;The disassembly and peace that card slot is used for ball retainer is arranged in ball retainer upper end Dress;Ball room downside opens up ball groove, guarantees that steel ball maximum gauge touches the thrust surface of connector sleeve.The depth of control screw thread makes steel After ball retainer is connect with connector sleeve, steel ball can axially and radially a small range be moved freely in ball room.It can after worn steel ball It replaces by the gross.
Further, the contact position of the spherical of above-mentioned steel ball and ball head core shaft is higher than the horizontal direction of ball head core shaft Maximum gauge;The tangent line of the contact position of the spherical of steel ball and ball head core shaft and the inner conical surface of cone seat form the angle of wedge.
Further, above-mentioned piston upper surface is equipped with annular chip pocket.
Further, above-mentioned cone seat and connector sleeve select hardened steel material, and hardness is not less than HRC60;Ball retainer Select wear-resisting brass material.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are invented a kind of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling, feature has: utilizing cone seat Angle of wedge effect between inner conical surface and ball head core shaft, makes the steel ball being axially moved generate radial displacement component, to realize The rigid grasp of ball head core shaft;The radially installed position of cone seat is adjustable, by adjusting moving cone seat inner conical surface and lathe top Axis of rotation is coaxial;Steel ball is point contact with the contact of cone seat inner conical surface and ball head core shaft, and the impurity in cutting fluid is difficult to enter Contact area causes parts depreciation;Ball head core shaft can be achieved under the action of hydraulic coupling loosens, partly clamps and clamps entirely three kinds Working state structure.The more traditional elastic clamping tool structure of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling provided by the invention is simple, adds The advantages that work is at low cost, and positioning accuracy is high, long service life has good market application prospect and promotional value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling cross-sectional view.
Fig. 2 ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling outline drawing.
The assembly of Fig. 3 ball retainer and connector sleeve.
Fig. 4 cone seat.
Fig. 5 connector sleeve.
Fig. 6 ball retainer.
In figure: 1 cone seat;1-1 cone seat connects counter sink;1-2 leakage opening A;The 1-3 benchmark conical surface;1-4 cone seat adjusts screw thread Hole;2 connector sleeves;2-1 connecting hole;2-2 spring eye;2-3 inverted cone surface;2-4 thrust surface;2-5 connection internal screw thread;2-6 leakage opening B;3 Ball retainer;3-1 connection external screw thread;3-2 ball groove;3-3 ball room;3-4 card slot;3-5 ball retainer male cone (strobilus masculinus);3-6 steel ball Retainer inner conical surface;4 steel balls;5 lathes move top;6 ball head core shafts;7 adjusting screws;8 attachment screw A;9 attachment screw B;10 is close Seal;11 pistons;11-1 chip pocket;12 reset springs;13 revolving beds.
Specific embodiment
(1) a kind of structure of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling
A kind of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling, structure include: cone seat 1, connector sleeve 2, ball retainer 3, steel ball 4, Lathe moves top 5, ball head core shaft 6, adjusting screw 7, attachment screw A8, attachment screw B9, sealing ring 10, piston 11, resets bullet Spring 12, revolving bed 13 etc..
Cone seat 1 is rotary structure, and cone seat is radially machined with multiple leakage opening A1-2,2~3 sealings rings, uniformly distributed 4 A adjustment structures such as tightening threaded hole 1-4, uniformly distributed multiple counter sink 1-1, reset spring limiting stand, 1 upper end inner hole of cone seat It is machined with high-precision conical surface 1-3, axis is not more than 2 μm perpendicular to error relative to cone seat bottom surface;Cone seat 1 passes through connection Screw B9 and revolving bed 13 are fixed, and the inner conical surface 1-3 of upper end applies pressure to ball head core shaft 6 by steel ball 4, realize ball head core shaft 6 It clamps.
Connector sleeve 2 is hollow T-type revolving body, is machined with 4 uniformly distributed connecting hole 2-1,4 uniformly distributed spring eye 2-2 thereon With 4 uniformly distributed inverted cone surface 2-3, multiple uniformly distributed leakage opening B2-6, connection internal screw thread 2-5, the structures such as thrust surface 2-6;Back taper The orientation of face 2-3 and the orientation of connecting hole are consistent, interlock with the orientation of spring eye 2-2;The cone angle of inverted cone surface 2-3 is 10 ° -15 °; The flatness error of thrust surface 2-4 is less than 0.5 μm, and thrust surface 2-4 moves the end face of top 5 axis of rotation relative to lathe after installation Run-out error is less than 1 μm;Connector sleeve 2 is connected by screw to 8 and connect with piston 11;Reset spring 12 passes through the spring eye of connector sleeve 2-2 is simultaneously limited between cone seat 1 and piston 11;
Ball retainer 3 is threadedly attached to together with connector sleeve 2, be machined with thereon diameter greater than steel ball 0.1~ The ball room 3-3 of 0.2mm, upper end are the pyramidal structure of equal wall thickness, and wall thickness is less than 0.8~1.2mm of steel ball, interior male cone (strobilus masculinus) 3-6 and 3-5 Cone angle be equal to cone seat inner conical surface 1-3 cone angle;Ball room 3-3 is less than 4 diameter of steel ball close to the position outer diameter of inner conical surface, prevents steel Ball 4 drops out in ball retainer 3;Card slot 3-4 removing and installing for ball retainer 3 on ball retainer 3;Ball room It is provided with ball groove 3-2 below, the thrust surface 2-4 of connector sleeve 2 can be touched convenient for 4 maximum gauge of steel ball;The depth of control screw thread makes After ball retainer 3 is connect with connector sleeve 2, steel ball 4 can axially and radially a small range be moved freely in the 3-3 of ball room;
It is semicircular annular chip pocket 11-1 that 11 upper end of piston, which is machined with section,;Convenient for cutting fluid during deposition process In the impurity such as sand grains, iron filings.Impurity in chip pocket 11-1 needs periodic cleaning.
Steel ball 4 selects G5 grades or more precision with the GCr15 steel ball of batch, to ensure that the intergranular diameter difference of steel ball is not more than 0.2μm;Steel ball 4 needs to replace by the gross after wearing;
Above-mentioned cone seat 1 and connector sleeve select 2 to use hardened steel material, and hardness is not less than HRC60;Ball retainer is selected wear-resisting Brass material, prevent the abrasion of steel ball 4;
The maximum for the horizontal direction that the spherical of above-mentioned ball head core shaft 6 and the contact position of steel ball 4 are higher than ball head core shaft is straight Diameter;Steel ball 4 makes ball head core shaft 6 press upper machine the radial component of 6 active force of ball head core shaft for clamping ball head core shaft, radial component The lathe of bed moves top 5, increases ball head core shaft 6 and lathe moves top 5 contact stiffness, to enhance the folder of ball head core shaft 6 Tight effect.
The tangent line of the contact position of the spherical and steel ball 4 of above-mentioned ball head core shaft 6 and the inner conical surface 1-3 of cone seat form a wedge Angle, to guarantee that the hydraulic coupling and its axial displacement of the active force and piston 11 that ball head core shaft 6 is born are proportional.
(2) installation and adjustment of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling
(1) connector sleeve 2 is fixed on piston 11 by attachment screw A8 first.
(2) then measurement connector sleeve thrust surface 2-4 moves the beat of top 55 axis of rotation relative to lathe, if passing through tune The installation sites of whole connector sleeve opposing pistons cannot make connector sleeve thrust surface 2-4 moved relative to lathe top 5 axis of rotation Run-out error is needed less than 1 μm by grinding connector sleeve thrust surface 2-4 or its mounting surface, until reaching design requirement.
(3) then ball retainer 3 is connected through a screw thread and is assembled together with connector sleeve 2, steel ball 4 is then filled in into steel In the ball room 3-3 of ball retainer, and some lubricating grease is applied in the periphery of ball room 3-3, prevents steel ball 4 from dropping out;
(4) cone seat 1 is finally installed;
Piston reset spring 12 is placed in first in the spring eye 2-2 of connector sleeve, and sealing ring 10 is applied into a little lubricating grease It is put into the sealing ring of cone seat;
Then by the orientation of the alignment of orientation connector sleeve back taper face 2-3 of the adjustment threaded hole of cone seat 1, cone seat 1 is passed through Attachment screw B9 is connected on revolving bed 11, and cone seat attachment screw B9 does not have to tighten at this time;
Then the radial position for adjusting cone seat 1, on the basis of moving top 5 axis of rotation by lathe, by with cone seat inner conical surface The diameter that the steel ball 4 of 1-3 contact measures cone seat 1 jumps error, by four adjusting screws 7, adjusts the radial position of cone seat 1, until Cone seat 1 is without apparent eccentric error;
After finally the attachment screw B9 of cone seat 1 and revolving bed 13 is uniformly tightened, then four adjusting screws 7 are unclamped, is prevented Only holding screw 7 is interfered with the connector sleeve 2 to move up and down.
(3) operation of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling
Ball head core shaft 6 clamping tools of rigidity are similar with traditional elastic clamping tooling application method, have and loosen, partly clamp Three working conditions are clamped with complete.Three shapes of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling are controlled by the hydraulic coupling of hydraulic system State.In a relaxed state, when the pressure of hydraulic system is 0Mpa, piston 11 is in top under the action of reset spring 12, Steel ball 4 is in free state, and ball head core shaft 6 is not by any active force from rigid grasp tooling;
Under half clamped condition, the pressure of hydraulic system is about 1Mpa, and piston 11 moves up, and steel ball 4 is pushed to be axially moved, multiple Position spring 12 compresses;Meanwhile steel ball 1 generates radial displacement under the action of the cone seat inner conical surface 1-3 angle of wedge, and steel ball 4 is pushed to press from both sides Tight ball head core shaft 6;The work from 6 spherical surface of connector sleeve thrust surface 2-4, the cone seat face inner cone 1-3 and ball head core shaft that steel ball 4 affords Firmly, and it is in dynamic balance state.
Under full clamped condition, the pressure of hydraulic system is about 2Mpa, and piston 11 is micro to be moved up, and what steel ball 4 afforded comes Increase from the active force of connector sleeve thrust surface 2-4, cone seat inner conical surface 1-3 and 6 spherical surface of ball head core shaft, and is in dynamic balance shape State.Ball head core shaft 6 equally bears to come from the biggish active force of steel ball 4, and ball head core shaft 6 and lathe is made to move top 5 coupling stiffness It further increases.
In 6 rigid grasp tooling use process of ball head core shaft, cutting fluid can pass through cone seat 1, ball retainer 2 and bulb Gap between mandrel 6 enters inside tooling, lubricates the sealing ring 10 between connector sleeve 2 and cone seat 1, extra cutting fluid is given logical It is flowed out in the leakage opening 2-6 and 1-2 crossed in connector sleeve and cone seat.
When replacing steel ball 4, cone seat 1 need to be removed, after having replaced steel ball 4, again according to the step (4) in embodiment (two) Adjust the radial position of cone seat.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling characterized by comprising cone seat, connector sleeve, ball retainer, steel ball, machine Bed moves top, ball head core shaft, adjusting screw, sealing ring, piston, reset spring, revolving bed;Ball retainer is located on connector sleeve Portion, the two are all located in cone seat, and ball head core shaft is contacted with the steel ball in ball retainer, and lathe moves top across connector sleeve, steel Ball retainer is inserted into ball head core shaft;
Cone seat is rotary structure, and cone seat upper inside wall is radially uniformly distributed along the circumference more than two leakage opening A, middle part equipped with 2~3 A sealing ring, lower part are radially uniformly distributed along the circumference four or more adjustment tightening threaded holes;Cone seat base platform is uniformly distributed along the circumference The reset spring limiting stand of three or more counter sinks and three or more;Cone seat upper end inner hole is equipped with inner conical surface;Cone seat passes through company It meets screw B to fix with revolving bed, the inner conical surface of upper end applies pressure to ball head core shaft by steel ball, realizes the clamping of ball head core shaft;
Connector sleeve is hollow inverted T shaped revolving body, and be uniformly distributed along the circumference three or more connecting holes and connecting hole on revolving body base platform The quantity that alternating is uniformly arranged is equal to the spring eye of connecting hole;Connector sleeve outer wall lower part is circumferentially evenly arranged and connect hole location Set corresponding inverted cone surface;Connector sleeve wall surface top is circumferentially evenly arranged more than two leakage opening B;At the top of connector sleeve inner wall extremely Connection internal screw thread is opened up above leakage opening B;It is thrust surface at the top of connector sleeve;Connector sleeve by attachment screw A pass through connecting hole with Piston connection;Reset spring is across the spring eye of connector sleeve and limits the reset spring limiting stand and piston of cone seat;
Ball retainer lower end is external screw thread, and ball retainer is connected through a screw thread with connector sleeve, and ball retainer upper end is etc. The pyramidal structure of wall thickness, wall thickness are less than the diameter of steel ball, and interior outside cone angle is equal to the cone angle of cone seat inner conical surface;Circumferentially wall surface is equal Even arrangement four or more internal diameter is greater than the ball room of steel ball size, and ball room is less than steel ball size close to the edge diameter of inner conical surface, prevents Only steel ball drops out in ball retainer;Ball retainer upper end setting card slot removing and installing for ball retainer;Ball Room downside opens up ball groove, guarantees that steel ball maximum gauge touches the thrust surface of connector sleeve.
2. ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling according to claim 1, which is characterized in that above-mentioned steel ball and ball head core shaft The contact position of spherical is higher than the maximum gauge of the horizontal direction of ball head core shaft;The contact of steel ball and the spherical of ball head core shaft The tangent line of position and the inner conical surface of cone seat form the angle of wedge.
3. ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that piston upper surface is equipped with ring Shape chip pocket.
4. ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that above-mentioned cone seat and connection Set selects hardened steel material, and hardness is not less than HRC60;Ball retainer selects wear-resisting brass material.
5. ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling according to claim 3, which is characterized in that above-mentioned cone seat and connector sleeve choosing With hardened steel material, hardness is not less than HRC60;Ball retainer selects wear-resisting brass material.
CN201711394060.6A 2017-12-21 2017-12-21 A kind of ball head core shaft rigid grasp tooling Active CN108032123B (en)

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Effective date of registration: 20210202

Address after: 116000 2101-0006, 21 / F, Taide building, 537 Huangpu Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province

Patentee after: Golden teeth transmission technology (Dalian) Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 116024 No. 2 Ling Road, Ganjingzi District, Liaoning, Dalian

Patentee before: DALIAN University OF TECHNOLOGY