CN108023347A - A kind of hierarchical coordinative control method of direct-current grid - Google Patents
A kind of hierarchical coordinative control method of direct-current grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN108023347A CN108023347A CN201610923188.6A CN201610923188A CN108023347A CN 108023347 A CN108023347 A CN 108023347A CN 201610923188 A CN201610923188 A CN 201610923188A CN 108023347 A CN108023347 A CN 108023347A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/12—Parallel operation of dc generators with converters, e.g. with mercury-arc rectifier
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hierarchical coordinative control method of direct-current grid, step：1) according to control targe, the coordination system and the difference of response time, direct current micro-grid system can be divided into 3 current transformer key-course, busbar key-course and management and running layer level；2) according to the difference for the converter cell that busbar voltage control is carried out in system, 3 kinds of operational modes are divided into, operational mode is dominated in micro- source, operational mode is dominated in energy storage and power grid dominates operational mode；3) Spot Price information is obtained by intelligent electric meter, compared with energy-storage units discharge and recharge cost, by adjusting the power of grid-connected converter, and then changes the power output of energy-storage units, charging high price is discharged at a low price, realizes the economical operation of DC micro power grid system.The clean energy resource that the hierarchical coordinative control method of use is preferentially produced using distributed generation resource, improves energy utilization rate；Changed according to the timesharing of power grid electricity price, to greatest extent using the dump power of energy-storage units, reduce electric cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the control in intelligent grid field, more particularly to direct-current grid.
Background technology
With the development of world economy, the consumption of the traditional fossil energy such as oil, coal causes ring while increasingly sharpening
The pollution in border, in recent years, the distributed generation technology using photovoltaic and wind-power electricity generation as representative is developed rapidly, due to dividing
The power generation of the cloth energy is effected by environmental factors very big, has the characteristics that intermittent, fluctuation, in order to preferably organize and manage
Manage distributed energy, it is proposed that the concept of micro-capacitance sensor.Micro-capacitance sensor is to be combined together micro power load and energy storage device
A kind of power grid form, can both be incorporated in bulk power grid and run, can also be operated under island mode.Direct-current grid is with straight
The form of distribution is flowed, and the individually controllable system for all micro batteries being connected by a public dc bus, can be to work as
Ground provides electric energy and thermal energy, can solve some technical difficulties of AC distribution net, and promotion is played in the change to AC distribution net
Effect.
DC micro power grid system in order to keep normal table to run, it is necessary to the output power of each component units of real time coordination,
Therefore perfect control method is essential, it can be mainly divided into 2 classes：Centerized fusion and distributed AC servo system, currently for
Without in the research of direct-current grid distributed control method under communication condition, each component units in system are needed according to voltage zone
Between toggled between 2 kinds of control structures of voltage and power, easily cause busbar voltage fluctuation, in addition, such control method is not
Influence of the consideration power grid electricity price to operating status, the charge-discharge electric power that energy-storage units are idle in normal operation in the presence of part,
If DC micro power grid system can utilize this some residual power, and combine power grid tou power price, by contrasting filling for energy storage
The relation of cost of discharging and electricity price, charge and discharge control is carried out to energy storage, and the operation effect of system can be just improved on the basis of original
Rate and economy.Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of direct-current grid hierarchical coordinative control method for considering power grid tou power price.
The content of the invention
On the basis of ensureing that direct-current grid busbar voltage is stablized, multi-source high reliability and warp are realized
The stable coordination control of Ji property, and consider power grid tou power price, energy-storage units dump power is made full use of, on original basis
The operational efficiency and economy of upper raising system.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of hierarchical coordinative control method for examining direct-current grid, bag
Include following steps：
Step 1: according to control targe, the coordination system and the difference of response time, direct current micro-grid system is divided into 3
Level；
Step 2: according to the difference for the converter cell that busbar voltage control is carried out in system, 3 kinds of operation moulds are divided into
Formula, operational mode is dominated in micro- source, operational mode is dominated in energy storage and power grid dominates operational mode；
Step 3: obtaining Spot Price information by intelligent electric meter, compared with energy-storage units discharge and recharge cost, pass through tune
The power of grid-connected converter is saved, and then changes the power output of energy-storage units, charging high price is discharged at a low price, realizes direct-current grid
The economical operation of system.
2. in step 1, described 3 levels are current transformer key-course, 3 level of busbar key-course and management and running layer.
3. in step 2, described 3 kinds of operational modes are operational mode is dominated in micro- source, operational mode is dominated in energy storage and electricity
Host leads operational mode.
4. in step 3, the power grid tou power price information, grid-connected converter can be by controlling on the spot.
5. in bottom current transformer key-course and middle level busbar voltage key-course, direct-current grid can be not against any logical
Under conditions of letter, realize that Decentralized Autonomous is run.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage is：(1) according to the physical characteristic of direct-current grid, bottom
Complexity, upper strata simplification and power electronics, control framework using a kind of new level, are divided into current transformer key-course, busbar
3 level of key-course and management and running layer, to improve system reliability and intelligent laying a solid foundation；(2) in direct-current grid
Each component units use distributed control structure, can not only be actively engaged in DC bus-bar voltage adjusting, moreover it is possible to ensure multiple lists
Power reasonable distribution between member, realizes the function of current transformer " plug and play "；(3) it is female in bottom current transformer key-course and middle level
Line voltage key-course, direct-current grid can realize that Decentralized Autonomous is run, improve and be under conditions of not against any communication
System reliability of operation；(4) the cleaning energy that the hierarchical coordinative control method that the present invention uses preferentially is produced using distributed generation resource
Source, improves the utilization ratio of the energy；(5) according to the timesharing of power grid electricity price change, grid-connected converter can by controlling on the spot,
The dump power of energy-storage units is utilized to greatest extent, reduces the electric cost of DC micro power grid system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is direct-current grid hierarchical coordinative control method flow chart.
Fig. 2 is low-voltage direct micro-capacitance sensor system assumption diagram.
Fig. 3 is DC micro power grid system operational mode handoff relation figure.
Fig. 4 is busbar voltage grade and operational mode figure.
Fig. 5 is grid-connected converter control method flow chart.
In figure：1 is according to control targe, the coordination system and the difference of response time, and DC micro power grid system is divided
It is the difference according to control bus voltage cell for 3 levels, 2, system is divided into 3 kinds of operational modes, 3 be according to power grid point
When electricity price, by logic judgment formed running status instruction be handed down to grid-connected converter, do not changing remaining element control method
On the basis of to greatest extent utilize energy storage dump power.
Embodiment
The present invention considers the direct-current grid hierarchical coordinative control method of power grid tou power price, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: according to control targe, the coordination system and the difference of response time, direct current micro-grid system can be divided into
3 current transformer key-course, busbar key-course and management and running layer level.
Step 2: according to the difference for the converter cell that busbar voltage control is carried out in system, 3 kinds of operation moulds are divided into
Formula, operational mode is dominated in micro- source, operational mode is dominated in energy storage and power grid dominates operational mode.
Step 3: according to the tou power price information of power grid, running status instruction and real time down are formed by logic judgment
To grid-connected converter, the dump power of energy storage is utilized to greatest extent on the basis of remaining element control method is not changed.
Further, in step 1, new energy direct-current grid simulation model, specific DC micro power grid system structure group are established
Into, including distributed generation unit, energy-storage units, alternating current-direct current load and the exchange bulk power grid of grid-connected converter connection, such as Fig. 2
It is shown.
Further, in step 1, DC micro power grid system contains the distribution being made of photovoltaic generation and wind-power electricity generation
Generator unit, secondary battery unit, grid-connection converter and load converter etc..Wherein photovoltaic generation unit is converted by Boost type
Device is connected to dc bus；Wind power generation unit will be passed through again by three-phase commutation bridge after wind energy conversion system output AC voltage rectification
Boost type converter is connected to dc bus；Secondary battery unit can be inhaled by Buck/Boost reversible transducers to dc bus
Receive or convey energy；Grid-connected DC/AC current transformers are real as the energy translation interface between direct-current grid and external communication power grid
The Power Exchange between ac and dc systems is showed.
Further, in step 2, system operation is divided into 4 patterns according to 4 kinds of different voltages grades of system busbar.Point
Cloth generator unit, secondary battery unit and grid-connection converter can be in each patterns with scheduled voltage difference stable DC busbar electricity
Pressure, when participate in voltage stabilizing unit enter current mode state or break down shutdown when, busbar voltage will occur it is down or up, into
Enter another voltage class, busbar voltage is stablized by next unit at this time.
Further, in step 2, each unit specific works state can be divided into-distributed generation unit：Constant pressure can be operated in
Sagging (CVD) pattern and maximal power tracing (MPPT) pattern；Secondary battery unit：Discharge and recharge and current limliting discharge and recharge can be operated in
Pattern, then shuts down when setting scope beyond storage battery charge state (SOC)；Grid-connection converter：Grid-connected rectification mould can be operated in
Each unit operating status, can be divided into two class of voltage-type and current mode, when certain unit by formula, parallel network reverse pattern and current-limit mode
When running on the in stable condition DC bus-bar voltage of voltage-type, remaining element should then be operated in current mode state, such as
Shown in table 1：
1 each unit operating status of table is classified
| Unit | Voltage-type | Current mode |
| Distributed generation unit (DG) | CVD | MPPT |
| Storage battery (BES) | Charge/discharge | Current limliting charge/discharge |
| Grid-connection converter (GCC) | Grid-connected rectification/inversion | Current limliting rectification/inversion |
Further, in step 2, when system operation is under each pattern, internal each unit is sent according to corresponding control method
Or absorb energy.Formula (1) provides the equilibrium relation of each unit energy supply and demand in steady-state operation in system：
PLoad=PDG+PBES+PGCC\*MERGEFORMAT(1)
As can be seen that the energy variation of each unit can break energy balance when systematic steady state is run in system from formula (1)
Therefore relation, busbar voltage can rise or fall, each unit then changes control method according to preset state, enter system next
A operational mode, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, here are illustrating for each pattern：
Operational mode 1：Distributed generation unit control model (voltage range H2U0To H3U0).It is distributed under this pattern
Generator unit sends energy abundance, is meeting load and can be by grid-connection converter to alternating current while storage battery current-limiting charge
Net feed, while grid-connection converter is limited be subject to rated power or power grid, into current limliting or shutdown status, distributed generation unit
Operate in constant pressure hang stable DC busbar voltage.
Operational mode 2：Grid-connected converter control model (voltage range H1U0To H2U0).Distributed power generation under this pattern
Unit can be fed while powering load to storage battery current-limiting charge and to AC network, but grid-connection converter and be introduced into
Limited current state, DC bus-bar voltage are stablized by grid-connection converter, and distributed generation unit is operated in MPPT states, to realize maximum
Efficiency of energy utilization.
Operational mode 3：Energy-storage units control model (voltage range L1U0To H1U0).Distributed power generation list under this pattern
Member sends energy relative deficiency, and grid-connection converter is out of service, secondary battery unit stable DC busbar voltage, and according to distribution
Generator unit sends energy with the chores of load consumption energy in discharge condition or charged state.
Operational mode 4：Grid-connected converter control model (voltage range L2U0To L1U0).Distributed power generation under this pattern
Unit has been unable to meet loading demand with the energy that secondary battery unit is sent jointly, and grid-connection converter starts and is operated in rectification shape
State, DC bus-bar voltage are stablized by grid-connection converter, and distributed generation unit is operated in MPPT states, in order to ensure storage battery list
Member energy when can provide long for system in off-grid operation, is operated in current-limiting charge or shutdown status under the pattern.
Each unit operating status under the different operational modes of table 2
| Distributed unit (DG) | Storage battery (BES) | Grid-connection converter (GCC) | |
| Operational mode 1 | Voltage-type | Current mode | Current mode |
| Operational mode 2 | Current mode | Current mode | Voltage-type (inversion) |
| Operational mode 3 | Current mode | Voltage-type | Current mode |
| Operational mode 4 | Current mode | Current mode | Voltage-type (rectification) |
If AC network is normal, and DG units send energy and are more than the sum of parallel network reverse, storage battery charging and load consumption,
System is then operated in pattern 1；When DG cell powers decline or the equilibrium condition is broken in bearing power rising, GCC then exits limit
Flow inversion and stablize busbar voltage, system is operated in pattern 2；If system self-energy continues to decline, secondary battery unit starts surely
Determine busbar voltage, system is operated in pattern 3；When DG units and storage battery power supply can not also supply load consumption, GCC is from power grid
Take electricity and stablize busbar voltage, system is operated in pattern 4；
Further, in step 2, corresponding generator unit is operated in constant pressure output mode use under each operating mode
In stable DC busbar voltage, when there is the work of two or more voltage source converter in DC micro power grid system at the same time (if any more
A photovoltaic generation unit or multiple secondary battery units are worked at the same time in constant pressure output mode), it is necessary to be carried out using sagging algorithm equal
Stream.Concrete analysis is as follows：
Traditional droop control mathematic(al) representation is：
UDC=UN(n)-k(n)I(n)\*MERGEFORMAT(2)
U in formula (2)DCFor busbar voltage reference value, UN(n) the given voltage reference value for being DC voltage code converter n, I
(n) it is converter n output currents, k (n) is the corresponding sagging coefficients of converter n, is considered as a virtual resistance, its value
Choose dependence converter capacity and DC bus-bar voltage grade, expression formula are as follows：
K (n)=Δ UDC×(UDC-ΔUDC)/Prate(n)\*MERGEFORMAT(3)
In formula (3), Δ UDCFor DC bus-bar voltage UDCAllow the scope floated, Prate(n) for DC voltage converter n's
Rated power.
Further, in step 3, it is assumed that any instant, purchase electricity price and the sale of electricity electricity price of power grid are respectively Cgrid_buy(t)、
Cgrid_sell(t).The discharge and recharge depreciable cost of energy-storage units can use CbwRepresent：
In formula (4), Cbat,repFor the replacement cost of storage battery；QlifetimeIt is total for the discharge and recharge in storage battery life cycle management
Amount.
Work as Cgrid_sell(ta)>Cgrid_buy(tb)+CbwWhen, system cost could be reduced using energy storage dump power, wherein
ta、tbRespectively sale of electricity and power purchase moment, therefore, it is necessary first to define electricity price transaction section (C1, C2), wherein C1For in power purchase
Limit, takes low-valley interval electricity price average value, C2For sale of electricity lower limit, C is taken2=C1+Cbw, work as Cgrid(t)<C1When, to bulk power grid " purchase
Electricity "；Work as Cgrid(t)>C2When, to bulk power grid " sale of electricity ".
Further, in step 3, according to the electricity price information of power grid, the working status of grid-connected converter can be divided into 2 kinds：Often
Rule operating status and economical operation state, wherein economical operation state can be divided into power purchase state and sale of electricity state, controlling party again
Method flow chart is as shown in figure 5, concrete analysis is as follows：
Work as C1<Cgrid<C2When, grid-connected converter is operated in normal operating conditions, and at this time, grid-connected converter is used under power
Hang down and control, smooth adjustment output power is changed according to the amplitude of DC bus-bar voltage.
Work as Cgrid<C1When, grid-connected converter is operated in power purchase state, using voltage droop control, maintains DC bus-bar voltage
In the section of pattern 2, to utilize the dump power of energy storage to greatest extent.At this time, although energy-storage units exist with grid-connected converter
Voltage-controlled configuration is respectively adopted in different voltages section, but direct-current grid still only has a kind of relaxation terminal at any time
(voltage-type state), specifically by the remaining charge power P of energy-storage unitsess+Pess_maxWith the rated power of grid-connected converter
Pac_maxDetermine.Work as Pess+Pess_max<Pac_maxWhen, the capacity that grid-connected converter possesses abundance charges to energy storage, and energy-storage units are full
Power operation, becomes energy terminal (current mode state), and grid-connected converter maintains busbar voltage in mould as relaxation terminal at this time
In the range of formula 2；Work as Pess+Pess_max>Pac_maxWhen, by the capacity limit of grid-connected converter, straight-flow system with maximum power from
Power grid power purchase, grid-connected converter limit Power operation, can not adjust in busbar voltage to the section of pattern 2, will be made by energy-storage units
Busbar voltage is maintained for relaxation terminal.
Similarly, C is worked asgrid>C2When, grid-connected converter is operated in sale of electricity state, using voltage droop control, with to greatest extent
Utilize the socking out power of energy storage.
The direct-current grid hierarchical coordinative control method of consideration power grid tou power price proposed by the invention, employs one kind
New multilevel control structure, improves the reliability of system and intelligent, and makes full use of the distributed power generation energy, improves
Efficiency of energy utilization, power grid Spot Price is included in grid control method consideration condition, by contrasting tou power price and storage
Energy discharge and recharge cost, at a low price charging are discharged at high price, improve the economy of system.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. hierarchical coordinative control method of direct-current grid, it is characterised in that specific steps：Step 1: according to control targe, the coordination system and the difference of response time, direct current micro-grid system is divided into 3 levels；Step 2: according to the difference for the converter cell that busbar voltage control is carried out in system, 3 kinds of operational modes are divided into, it is micro- Operational mode is dominated in source, operational mode is dominated in energy storage and power grid dominates operational mode；Step 3: Spot Price information is obtained by intelligent electric meter, compared with energy-storage units discharge and recharge cost, by adjusting simultaneously The power of net current transformer, and then change the power output of energy-storage units, charging high price is discharged at a low price, realizes DC micro power grid system Economical operation.
- 2. hierarchical coordinative control method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1, described 3 levels are change Flow 3 device key-course, busbar key-course and management and running layer level.
- 3. hierarchical coordinative control method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2, described 3 kinds of operational modes Operational mode is dominated for micro- source, operational mode is dominated in energy storage and power grid dominates operational mode.
- 4. hierarchical coordinative control method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3, the power grid tou power price Information, grid-connected converter can be by controlling on the spot.
- 5. hierarchical coordinative control method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that female in bottom current transformer key-course and middle level Line voltage key-course, direct-current grid can realize that Decentralized Autonomous is run under conditions of not against any communication.
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| CN110061519A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-07-26 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of electric energy matrix arrangement applied to distributed energy resource system |
| CN110365005A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-22 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of Virtual Controller for direct current micro-grid system |
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| CN111404185A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-10 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Charging system control method, controller and system |
| CN111900710A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 宁波市电力设计院有限公司 | Grid-connected direct-current micro-grid coordination control method |
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| CN112242699A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-01-19 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Improved self-adaptive active damping control method for isolated direct current microgrid |
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| CN110635465A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-12-31 | 南京理工大学 | Hierarchical coordination control method for direct-current micro-grid |
| CN109659926A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-19 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | It is a kind of to coordinate more distributed generation resource direct current grid-connected control methods and system |
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| CN112242699B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2023-09-08 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Improved self-adaptive active damping control method for isolated direct-current micro-grid |
| CN111404185A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-10 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Charging system control method, controller and system |
| WO2021237337A1 (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-02 | University Of Manitoba | Device for electrically interconnecting dc microgrid with higher voltage dc bus and related methods |
| CN112072685A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-12-11 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Operation control method and system for direct-current power distribution system in multiple operation modes |
| CN111900710A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 宁波市电力设计院有限公司 | Grid-connected direct-current micro-grid coordination control method |
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Application publication date: 20180511 |