CN108021763A - A kind of old goaf residual settlement Forecasting Methodology - Google Patents
A kind of old goaf residual settlement Forecasting Methodology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of old goaf residual settlement Forecasting Methodology, including：Obtain the sedimentation measured curve in old (i >=1) stage of goaf i-th；The settlement calculation curve in old i-th stage of goaf is obtained using numerical analysis model；The sedimentation measured curve in the i-th stage is fitted with settlement calculation curve, and back analysis is carried out to rock mass parameter, the rock mass parameter obtained using back analysis carries out the settlement prediction in i+1 stage, the settlement calculation curve in i+1 stage is obtained, and is fitted with the sedimentation measured curve in i+1 stage；Repeat fitting and back analysis process, if the settlement calculation curve in the n-th (n >=i) stage and the fitting result of the sedimentation measured curve of n-th order section reach pre-provisioning request, the settlement prediction after rock mass parameter used in the settlement calculation curve for obtaining n-th order section is used for.The present invention makes full use of the settlement data of actual monitoring, by being progressively fitted and progressively back analysis rock mass parameter carries out settlement prediction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to settlement research observation technology field, more particularly to a kind of old goaf residual settlement Forecasting Methodology.
Background technology
The external relatively early research for having started mining subsidence and observation work, particularly Belgium, the former Soviet Union, Poland, Germany,
The mining industry developed countries such as Australia, Canada, the U.S. have all carried out mining subsidence theory and practice relatively to further investigate.It is early
Angle of rupture is just proposed in German engineer A.Schulz in 1867 and protects the viewpoint of earth's surface necessity stud size, hereafter various countries
Progressively carry out systematic survey, observation to mining subsidence, Britain the observation of movement and deformation and was sent out in nineteen fifty since the nineteen thirty
Show the importance of relation between observation and earth's surface deformation, establish the subsidence factor revised system under different mining degrees.Learn
The method that person K.Wardell improves settlement observation, and tremendous contribution is also made that to the theoretical side of mining subsidence.
As technical development of computer and the extensive of 3S (GIS-Geographic Information System, remote sensing and global positioning system) technology should
With by New technical use in mining subsidence observation and data processing also as the importance generally studied in the world.
B.N.Whittaker, D.J.Reddish and D.Fitzpatrick etc. calculate longwall face using computer program and adopt
The earth's surface stress mode of coal depression.S.Falc ó n, L.Gavete and A.Ruiz simulate mining subsidence problem using DHH programs,
Program can handle gathered data and determine surface subsidence and the amount of moving horizontally, its shadow to Adjacent Buildings is determined with this
Ring.The technological means such as digital photogrammetry technology and remote sensing are applied to mining subsidence data acquisition and the place in Rule mining area by Germany
Reason." differential SAR Interferometry is applied in city " project has used the data of European Space Agency, first does synthetic aperture radar
The earth's surface that measurement (InSAR) technology is used for caused by detect and assess exploitation is related to deform.At home, opened from the 1950s
Begin, the enterprise in one's power such as China Mining University, scientific and technical research institute, in terms of the theory and practice two in-depth study it is mined out
Surface subsidence rule caused by area, research emphasis are concentrated mainly on residual settlement monitoring, residual settlement analysis and numerical simulation
Predict these aspects such as goaf.Immediately after ten years, our countries proceeded by equivalent material simulating research；Together
When, it is horizontal that mined out caused surface subsidence rule can draw out surface subsidence curve, earth's surface by various mathematical description language
Displacement curve, the so vivider displaying change procedure of energy；In the application aspect of method for numerical simulation, FInite Element, discrete list
The application of the computational methods such as first method, boundary element method is very extensive.
In terms of old goaf residual settlement monitoring, Jung[1]Using Permanent scatterers SAR interferometry technical monitorings
The old goafs of Gaeun, monitoring result show：The maximum sinking in old goaf is 11.2cm in 6 years, average in fracture developing zone
Subsidence velocity reaches 0.5cm/yr.Gueguen utilizes DInSAR and PS (IPersistentScatterer
Interferometry old goaf sedimentation 15 years (1992~2007)) is monitored, 5~7 years after stopping adopting in colliery (1992~
1997) in, residual settlement speed maximum reaches 1.25cm/yr.Herrera monitors adopting for a certain metal mine using DInSAR
Dead zone, and by monitoring data compared with measurement of the level result, mean absolute error 0.7cm, standard deviation 0.5cm.
OConnor determines to adopt using TDR (domain reflectometer) monitoring gold mine Pillar Stabilities and colliery overlying rock translational speed
Dead zone collapse time.The method that Chrzanowski is combined using high-precision leveling and GPS lays monitoring net, in research
Rock stratum deformation mechanism, and establish land subsidence prediction model.Davies is using photogrammetric technology monitoring broadwall bar
Rock mass deformations and movements under part.
In terms of residual settlement analysis, Singh is to 3 broadwall/hydraulic siltings in Central India Kamptee collieries
Multilayer goaf carries out sinking investigation, and in the case where repeating mining conditions, the residual settlement time opens than primary recovery or layering first layer
The time adopted wants shorter, and deflection is also small.Goulty is drawn according to documents and materials：Duration during active reaches the amount in day
Level, and the duration of remaining sinking is then the magnitude in year.Yao collects the remaining sinking data in 10 collieries, analyzes trend
With the sinking feature in tendency direction, it is proposed that the empirical equation of residual settlement phase and geological and mining factors.Donnelly have studied
Under the conditions of broadwall fault activation is to ground, building, underground installation and the destruction in farmland situation, analysis and summary tomography work
The adverse effect of change.Huck proposes two kinds of control measure for the residual settlement problem of room and pillar mining：Point protection mode and big
Area fills.Yavuz have studied lingual golfs pressure law and release distance.Kim utilizes GIS technology and probability statistics
The land subsidence in model quantitative AUCMs regions.Statham analyzes southern 400 Abandoned golfs in Wales and collapses accident,
Below the building and cause what it damaged to account for 16%.Al Heib have studied the size of French Lorraine colliery residual settlement, hold
Continuous time and generation position, think the residual settlement activity time not over 24 months, settling amount accounts for total deflection
5%.Palchi have studied influence of the physics classroom teaching of weak overlying strata to caving zone height.Kies is proposed based on Radon monitor
Method determines the possibility of the old goaf residual settlement of house column type, it is indicated that the high region sinking possibility of radon consistence is big.Soni is enclosed
The scope there are major safety risks is determined, i.e. overlying strata thickness is less than the region of 15m.Above-mentioned settlement monitoring and analysis by sedimentation are residual
Remaining Deformation Prediction identifies solid foundation, also provides necessary reference data.At present, residual deformation Forecasting Methodology is mainly wrapped
Include equivalence exploitation predicted method, the limit sedimentation based on probability integration process, numerical value (or analog material) simulation and forecast method, grey colour system
System predicted method, single-point settlement prediction method and Non-linear based on Knothe.Wherein, numerical Simulation Prediction method apply compared with
To be extensive.
In terms of method for numerical simulation predicts old goaf residual settlement, Chang Jiang gives broken rock mechanics corrected parameter
Approximate range, discusses the setting of the selection of finite element model, border and boundary condition.The simulations such as Wang Jilin are calculated on ground
The sedimentation and deformation of the lower goaf ground of built-loading effect.Bai Zhihui simulates old goaf by taking Fengfeng Mining Area as an example, using FLAC
Building, it turns out that old goaf residual deformation meets exploitation subsidence basin feature, but subsidence factor very little.Wang Shengjun will
Shear wave parameter calculates residual settlement amount as engineering rock mass parameter evaluation index, and using FLAC3D.Sun Yajie etc. is utilized
The research of RFPA2D numerical simulation softwares show that earth's surface residual settlement amount increases with the increase of loose seam's thickness, with mining depth
The increase of degree and reduce.Zhang Wenquan etc. have rated using three-dimensional elastoplastic model numerical computations software analysis to be increased above old dead zone
Build the ground settlement after multi-story structure and structure stability, it is proposed that engineering design plan (EDP).Shahriar uses FLAC
3D simulations tilt the settling amount under the conditions of shallow pay producing, it is indicated that maximum sinking value estimated FLAC 3D is than actual measurement and profile function
Method is small by 3%, the reason is that simulation calculating have ignored remaining deflection.In addition, Guo Guangli is studied using Equivalent Materials Testing
Old above goaf builds the settlement law of building groundwork.
Method using numerical analysis, computer simulation is not only feasible, can spend less human and material resources and shorter
Time finds the failure mechanism and major influence factors for influencing goaf foundation stability.This not only sends out rock mechanics theory
Exhibition, and all there is very positive meaning for engineering practice.But numerical simulation calculation accurately relies on accurate rock mass
Parameter, and the selection of parameter is extremely difficult.Due to the variability of Rock And Soil parameter and the limitation of experiment condition so that prospecting is real
The Rock And Soil parameter of survey cannot really reflect the characteristic of Rock And Soil.And existing many old goaf residual settlement analysis methods
Just because of the parameter that can not reflect Rock And Soil genuine property is employed during model is established, cause result of calculation
Inaccurate even mistake.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, there is provided a kind of old goaf residual settlement Forecasting Methodology, by progressively intending
Close and progressively back analysis rock mass parameter carries out settlement prediction, improve settlement prediction accuracy.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of old goaf residual settlement Forecasting Methodology, comprises the following steps：
S1：The actual sedimentation information in the i-th (i >=1) stage is gathered, obtains the sedimentation measured curve in old i-th stage of goaf；
S2：Initial rock mass parameter is set, is predicted using sedimentation of the numerical analysis model to old i-th stage of goaf,
Obtain the settlement calculation curve in old i-th stage of goaf；
S3：The sedimentation measured curve in the i-th stage and the settlement calculation curve in the i-th stage are fitted, tied using fitting
Fruit carries out back analysis to rock mass parameter, and the rock mass parameter obtained using back analysis is modified numerical analysis model, and utilizes
Revised numerical analysis model carries out the settlement prediction in i+1 stage, obtains the settlement calculation curve in i+1 stage, and with
The sedimentation measured curve in i+1 stage is fitted；
S4：If the settlement calculation curve in the n-th (n >=i) stage and the fitting result of the sedimentation measured curve of n-th order section reach
Pre-provisioning request, the then settlement prediction after rock mass parameter used in the settlement calculation curve for obtaining n-th order section is used for.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, make full use of actual monitoring settlement data obtain sedimentation measured curve, and with sedimentation
Calculated curve is fitted, and rock mass parameter is calculated using back analysis method by fitting result, without directly using prospecting actual measurement
Obtained initial rock mass parameter so that hair analyzes obtained rock mass parameter closer to real rock mass parameter, can be more accurate
Reflection rock mass genuine property.Due to the variability of rock mass, the present invention utilizes fitting result back analysis rock mass on last stage
The settlement prediction of next stage is carried out after parameter, using such progressively fitting and progressively back analysis so that obtained rock mass
Parameter is not limited to a certain stage in the infall process of goaf, also not only reflects the spy in a certain stage in the infall process of goaf
Property, but can change with the change of rock mass, so as to follow the changing rule of rock mass, more and more close in change
Rock mass characteristic, the revised numerical analysis model of rock mass parameter for also allowing for obtaining using back analysis and be calculated it is heavy
Drop calculated curve be also not limited in the infall process of goaf a certain stage, also not only reflect goaf infall process in it is a certain
The sedimentation situation in stage, but can be as the development of actual infall process is more and more close to real sedimentation situation.Work as sedimentation
When the fitting result of calculated curve and sedimentation measured curve reaches pre-provisioning request, both have been identical, so as to be met
It is required that settlement calculation curve used by rock mass parameter have been able to the rock mass characteristic that height reduces latest stage, rather than mistake
The rock mass characteristic in a certain stage is removed, the rock mass parameter than actual measurement can more reflect the variability and variation tendency or rule of rock mass,
And not monitored compared to the rock mass parameter of actual measurement or experiment condition limitation.Carried out again using such rock mass parameter final
Settlement prediction, reproduce goaf surface collapse development, evolutionary process be just provided with high accuracy.By scene in the present invention
The each several parts such as monitoring, theory analysis and numerical simulation means have carried out effective unification so that each several part is closely connected, ring ring phase
Button, together constitutes an organic whole, and the completion of fitting on last stage and back analysis establishes base for the work of next stage
Plinth, so as to more accurately reflect the actual characteristic of rock mass and changing rule, and sends out the sedimentation of old goaf and surface collapse
Exhibition, evolutionary process are more accurately predicted.
As an improvement, the rock mass parameter is strong including bulk modulus, modulus of shearing, cohesive force, internal friction angle and tension
Degree；Assume first that cohesive force is constant with internal friction angle during back analysis, treat other formation parameters back analysis after finishing again to cohesion
Power carries out back analysis with internal friction angle.Cohesive force belongs to intensive parameter with internal friction angle, and the influence for sedimentation is smaller, therefore interior
Poly- power and internal friction angle first not back analysis.Bulk modulus, modulus of shearing are larger for settlement influence, and back analysis when is advanced
OK, so primary and secondary is arranged to distinguish, easy to practical operation.
As an improvement, building numerical analysis model using FLAC 3D, soil property, rock and other materials are thus allowed for
Three-dimensional structure mechanical characteristic simulation and Plastic Flow analysis；FLAC 3D use Explicit Lagrangian algorithm and mixing-it is discrete
Partitioning technique is capable of the plastic failure and flow process of extremely accurate simulation material.Since stiffness matrix need not be formed,
Large-scale three-dimensional problem can just be solved based on smaller memory headroom.
To sum up, the present invention can accurately reflect the actual characteristic and changing rule of rock mass, and old goaf can be settled
And development, the evolutionary process progress Accurate Prediction of surface collapse.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fitting schematic diagram in the 1st stage in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the fitting schematic diagram in the 2nd stage in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the fitting schematic diagram in the 3rd stage in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the σ after the 3rd stage that final settlement is predicted in the specific embodiment of the invention1Equivalent cloud atlas.
Fig. 5 be in the specific embodiment of the invention final settlement predict the 3rd stage after plane on σ1Equivalent cloud atlas.
Fig. 6 be in the specific embodiment of the invention final settlement predict the 3rd stage after plane on σ3Equivalent cloud atlas.
Fig. 7 is the σ after the 3rd stage that final settlement is predicted in the specific embodiment of the invention3Equivalent cloud atlas.
Fig. 8 is the τ after the 3rd stage that final settlement is predicted in the specific embodiment of the inventionxzEquivalent cloud atlas.
Fig. 9 is the σ after the 3rd stage that final settlement is predicted in the specific embodiment of the inventionzEquivalent cloud atlas.
Figure 10 is the z directions Results of Settlement after the 3rd stage that final settlement is predicted in the specific embodiment of the invention
Scheme (displacement cloud atlas).
Embodiment
The old goaf residual settlement Forecasting Methodology, comprises the following steps：
S1：The actual sedimentation information in the i-th (i >=1, i are natural number) stage is gathered, obtains the heavy of old i-th stage of goaf
Measured curve drops.For i as stage label, its value, such as can be since 1 according to actual needs, can also be from certain more than 1
A natural number starts.Particular content representated by " stage " herein, such as time span, determine also according to being actually needed.
S2：Initial old goaf rock (soil) the body parameter of setting, numerical analysis model is built and to old mined out by FLAC 3D
The sedimentation in the i-th stage of area is predicted, and obtains the settlement calculation curve in old i-th stage of goaf.
FLAC 3D can carry out the simulation of three-dimensional structure mechanical characteristic and the Plastic Flow point of soil property, rock and other materials
Analysis；Explicit Lagrangian algorithm and mixing-discrete partition technology that FLAC 3D are used are capable of the modeling of extremely accurate simulation material
Property destroy and flow process.
Specifically, include the advantages of FLAC 3D：
(1) to simulation plastic failure and Plastic Flow using " mixing discrete method ".This method is than in FInite Element
" the discrete Integration Method " of generally use is more accurate, reasonable.
(2) even if the system of simulation is static, dynamic motion equation is still employed, this causes FLAC 3D in analogies
There is no obstacle numerically for erratic process in reason.
(3) FLAC 3D are using " explicit solution " scheme, solution the time it takes to nonlinear strain-stress relation,
It is almost identical with linear constitutive relation, and Implicit Method scheme will spend longer time to solve nonlinear problem.Moreover,
FLAC 3D are not necessarily to store stiffness matrix, this means that；Multi-unit structure can be solved using the memory compared with low capacity；
Simulate large deformation problem and almost more calculating times are consumed unlike small deformation problem more, because will without any stiffness matrix
Changed.
S3：The sedimentation measured curve in the i-th stage and the settlement calculation curve in the i-th stage are fitted, tied using fitting
Fruit carries out back analysis to the rock mass parameter in old goaf.Rock mass parameter includes bulk modulus, modulus of shearing, cohesive force, interior friction
Angle and tensile strength.
Bulk modulus：Object is V0 in the pressure lower volume of p0.If pressure increases (P0 → P0+dP), volume reduces dV.
Then there is the bulk modulus that K=dP/ (- dV/V0), K are referred to as the object.Bulk modulus is a more stable material constant.
Because always diminishing in each volume to pressure material, therefore K values are on the occasion of units MPa forever.The inverse of bulk modulus is known as
Bulk compliance.There is relation between bulk modulus K and stretch modulus (or elasticity modulus) E, Poisson's ratio μ：E=3K (1-2 μ).
Modulus of shearing：Modulus of shearing (modulus of rigidity), material constant, is shear stress and the ratio of strain
Value.Also known as shear modulus or rigidity modulus.One of mechanical performance index of material.Be material under shear stress, in bullet
In property proportion of deformation limit range, the ratio of shearing stress and shear strain.It characterizes the ability of material resistance shear strain.Modulus is big,
Then represent that the rigidity of material is strong.The inverse of modulus of shearing is known as compliance in shear, is generation shear strain under unit shearing force
Measure, can represent the complexity of material detrusion.
Cohesive force：It is the mutual attractive force between adjacent sections inside material of the same race, this mutual attractive force is same
There are the performance of molecular force between kind material molecule.In the case of effective stress, total shearing strength is deducted into frictional strength, to obtain the final product
To cohesive force.From another viewpoint, cohesive strength be failure mechanics do not have any direct stress act under shearing strength.
Internal friction angle：The internal friction angle of one of two important parameters as rock (soil) body, is soil classifiction index,
It is the important parameter of engineering design.The internal friction angle of soil reflects the frictional behavior of soil, it is considered that includes two parts:Soil
The skin-friction force of material, the snap-in force that intergranular insertion and interlocking effect produces.
Internal friction angle is a concept critically important in soil mechanics.Internal friction angle appears in coulomb formula earliest, also
It is that soil strength is decided by frictional strength and cohesive strength, frictional strength is divided into sliding friction again and occlusion rubs, both are common general
Turn to angle of friction.
Tensile strength：Tensile strength generally refers to plastics or metal etc. and is plastically deformed from uniform plastic deformation to concentration of local
The critical value of transition, and the maximum load-carrying capacity of plastics or metal under quiet stretching condition.For plastic material, it characterizes material
The drag of the maximum uniform plastic deformation of material, for tensile sample before maximum tension stress is born, deformation is uniform, but is exceeded
Afterwards, metal starts necking occur, that is, produces and concentrate deformation；For there is no the brittleness material of (or very little) uniform plastic deformation
Material, it reflects the fracture resistance of material.
In drawing process, material enters after strain as lateral cross-sectional dimension is obvious sample after yielding stage
The maximum, force (P) born when breaking, divided by the stress (σ) obtained by sample original cross-sectional area (b*h) are reduced, it is strong to be known as tension
Degree or strength degree (σ b), unit are N/mm2 (MPa).It represents that material resists the maximum capacity of destruction under a stretching force.
Calculation formula is：
(wherein P is maximal destruction load to σ=P/b*h；Unit N；B is specimen width, unit mm；H is sample thickness, single
Position cm).
When carrying out the back analysis of rock (soil) body parameter, it is first assumed that cohesive force is constant with internal friction angle, treats other rocks
(soil) body parameter back-analysis carries out back analysis to cohesive force and internal friction angle again after finishing.
Rock (soil) the body parameter log analysis model obtained using back analysis is modified, and utilizes revised numerical value
Analysis model carries out the settlement prediction in i+1 stage, obtains the settlement calculation curve in i+1 stage, and heavy with the i+1 stage
Drop measured curve is fitted.
S4：Repeat above-mentioned fitting and back analysis process, i.e., it is heavy by the settlement calculation curve in i+1 stages and i+1 stage
Drop and back analysis, the rock mass obtained using back analysis are carried out to rock mass parameter according to fitting result again after measured curve is fitted
Parameter carries out the settlement prediction in i+1 stage, obtains the measured curve in i+1 stage, is then fitted again and back analysis
Journey, such process repeat.
If the fitting of the settlement calculation curve in the n-th (n >=i, n are natural number) stage and the sedimentation measured curve of n-th order section
As a result reach pre-provisioning request, then will obtain rock (soil) body parameter used in the settlement calculation curve of n-th order section be used for it is final
Settlement prediction.
The present invention is further described below with instantiation,
1. the old goaf geographical location in people Thailand colliery and orographic condition
The old goaf in people Thailand colliery is located at the Licheng District grandson villages and small towns that Jinan City east borders on Zhangqiu City, its traffic schematic diagram is shown in
Shown in Fig. 1.Belong to North China Plain alluvial plain of Huanghe on landforms, physical features is flat, direction of strata northwest (NW), is inclined to east northeast, stratigraphic dip
At 8 °~15 °.Wherein, boundary's change is expanded in mining area and position view is shown in Fig. 2.
2. mining area overview
Great Leap Forward people's commune period in 1958, colliery are formally exploited, and institute's working seam is shallow coal 10-2, until 1962
Year, powerless support colliery continued to exploit because natural calamity, national economy are the devil, and causes to stop work and exploits.To nineteen sixty-eight, in order to
Mine coal 10-2 recovers according to plan in warming, government.By 1980, coal 10-3 was formally exploited.As national economy improves, in
1984, national relieving policy, the separation of government functions from enterprise management, by enterprise self-determining managerial marketing, national system valency.Until nineteen ninety, because of a large amount of rain
Water, underground water pour into goaf, and mine drainage ability is unable to reach normal exploitation and requires, and government is not given to subsidize, together
Shi Qiye also meets the needs of draining at that time without enough funds and technology.Coal 10-2 and coal 10-3 stop production comprehensively at this time.After 8
Year, by 1998, coal 3 and coal 4 started to exploit.By 2007, coal 10-2 and coal 10-3 were exploited again, at this time this four rows coal (coal
10-2, coal 10-3, coal 3 and coal 4) while exploiting.Until 2014, because coal mining accident causes this four rows coal to stop production comprehensively.Its
Middle coal 10-2 is exploited 33 years altogether, and coal 10-3 is exploited 17 years altogether, and coal 3 and coal 4 are exploited 16 years altogether.
It is above-mentioned can the feature of working seam be respectively：
Coal 3：See coal borer hole for two in field with "nine squares", see that coal thickness is respectively 0.59m and 0.50m, can exploiting field average thickness
0.51m.Simple in structure, general 8 °~12 ° of inclination angle, for top plate for Dark grey is thick, fine sandstone alternating layers, bottom plate is light grey flour sand
Rock, is irregular coal seam, can locally adopt.According to people Thailand colliery data, 3 superficial part ocurrence of coal seam of coal changes greatly, unstable, only-
100m parts below horizontal can adopt.It can not adopt -250m is below horizontal.Back production finishes.
Coal 4：See coal borer hole for four in field with "nine squares", only holes can adopt, and see that coal thickness is respectively 0.70m and 0.75m, can exploiting field put down
Equal thickness 0.66m.Simple in structure, general 8 °~12 ° of inclination angle, top plate is thick, fine sandstone alternating layers, based on coarse powder sandstone, bottom
Plate is Dark grey mud stone, containing a small amount of fine sandstone, under away from an ash 21m, be comparatively regularcoal seam, be people Thailand colliery main mining coal seam it
One, back production finishes.
Coal 10-2：Mineral exploration engineering 27 in field with "nine squares", all engineerings are shown in that coal thickness can all be adopted.Either simplex journey coal seam thickness 0.53
~3.15m, average thickness 1.49m, belong to most of medium-thickness seam that can be adopted.Coal thickness workability index：Km=1.00；Thickness becomes
Change coefficient：R=0.38, belongs to regular coal seam.Coal bed texture is simple, and most engineerings are shown in one layer of dirt band, and indivedual engineerings are shown in two layers of folder
Cash or without dirt band.Roof is siltstone, and bottom plate is mud stone.
Coal 10-3：Mineral exploration engineering 20 in field with "nine squares", see coal 0~1.05m of thickness, average thickness 0.56m, and belonging to local can adopt
Girdle.Can adopt middle part and the north that scope is located at field with "nine squares", south for can not exploiting field, it is local heavy to lack；Superficial part can not be adopted.Field with "nine squares"
Interior 13 can adopt engineering, 0.50~1.05m of minable thickness, average value 0.71m.Coal thickness workability index：Km=0.65；Thickness
Variation coefficient：R=0.48, is unstable coal seam.Coal bed texture is simple, accidental one layer of dirt band.Roof is thick, fine silt
Rock alternating layers；Bottom plate is clay rock.
When carrying out originating in settlement prediction to the old goaf in people Thailand colliery using the present invention, first by as shown in table 1
Initial rock (soil) body parameter.
Table 1
Above-mentioned initial rock (soil) body parameter can utilize existing exploratory techniques means and combine professional knowledge etc. and obtain.
Using initial rock (soil) body parameter of table 1, numerical analysis model is built by FLAC 3D, and sink to the old goaf in people Thailand colliery
Drop carries out the prediction in the 1st stage (1958 to 1962, shallow coal 10-2), so as to obtain old the 1st rank of goaf in people Thailand colliery
The settlement calculation curve of section.Then with monitoring, (monitoring means can utilize the data such as the prior art and exploration report, and can root
According to being actually needed, multiple measuring points are set again) the obtained sedimentation measured curve in people Thailand colliery old the 1st stage of goaf and the 1st stage
Settlement calculation curve curve be fitted, as shown in Figure 1.Anti- point of rock (soil) body parameter is carried out according to fit procedure and result
Analysis, so as to be adjusted to rock (soil) body parameter.Following matching rule can be used：When sedimentation measured curve and settlement calculation
When curve is fitted, if 2 curve co-insides points are less, bulk modulus needs to adjust larger numerical value with modulus of shearing, when two
When person's differential settlement is away from more than 5 millimeters, general parameters adjusts bigger；If 2 curve co-insides points are more, when differential settlement is away from small
When 2 millimeters, what this when, general parameters adjusted is smaller.
Rock (soil) body parameter after adjustment is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
People Thailand colliery old the 2nd stage (1980 of goaf is carried out using rock (soil) the body parameter in table 2 and by FLAC 3D
Year to 1984, coal 10-3) settlement prediction, obtain the settlement calculation curve in the 2nd stage.Then monitoring (monitoring means is utilized
The data such as the prior art and exploration report can be utilized, and multiple measuring points can be set according to being actually needed again) the obtained people are safe
The sedimentation measured curve and the settlement calculation curve curve in the 2nd stage in colliery old the 2nd stage of goaf are fitted, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.The back analysis of rock (soil) body parameter is carried out according to fit procedure and result, so as to be adjusted to rock (soil) body parameter, is adjusted
Rock (soil) body parameter afterwards is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
People Thailand colliery old the 3rd stage (1998 of goaf is carried out using rock (soil) the body parameter in table 3 and by FLAC 3D
Year to 2014, include exploitation and the second mining of coal 10-2 and coal 10-3 of coal 3 and coal 4) settlement prediction, obtained for the 3rd stage
Settlement calculation curve.Then using monitoring, (monitoring means can utilize the data such as the prior art and exploration report, and can root
According to being actually needed, multiple measuring points are set again) the obtained sedimentation measured curve in people Thailand colliery old the 3rd stage of goaf and the 2nd stage
Settlement calculation curve curve be fitted, as shown in Figure 3.The sedimentation measured curve in the 3rd stage and settlement calculation curve co-insides
The higher either difference of degree has reached preassigned than relatively low fitting result and (specifically overlaps or difference reaches how many
Can be regarded as up to standard can adjust and determine as requested), thus rock (soil) used in the settlement calculation curve in the 3rd stage will be obtained
Body parameter is calculated to carry out the final settlement in the old goaf in people Thailand colliery, and result of calculation is as shown in Fig. 4 to Figure 10.
After each mining phase it can be seen from Fig. 4 to Figure 10, the displacement in z directions at corresponding mined out region
Change significantly.But in the displacement unobvious in 4 production zone z directions of coal 3 and coal, and exploited in coal 10-2 and coal 10-3
The displacement in region z directions is it is obvious that there is significant sedimentation phenomenon.Outwards extended by mined out district center, the sedimentation of its upper part is gradual
Reduce.
It is non-linear due to Geotechnical Parameter, material constitutive relation it is non-linear so that the sedimentation in old goaf is also non-thread
Property.The present invention is during settlement prediction is carried out, using Tested settlement with calculating the method for settling and being progressively fitted, to old mined out
The sedimentation in area is progressively analyzed, thus especially suitable for the prediction of old goaf nonliner equation group.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of old goaf residual settlement Forecasting Methodology, comprises the following steps：
S1：The actual sedimentation information in the i-th (i >=1) stage is gathered, obtains the sedimentation measured curve in old i-th stage of goaf；
S2：Initial rock mass parameter is set, is predicted, obtained using sedimentation of the numerical analysis model to old i-th stage of goaf
The settlement calculation curve in old i-th stage of goaf；
S3：The sedimentation measured curve in the i-th stage and the settlement calculation curve in the i-th stage are fitted, utilize fitting result pair
Rock mass parameter carries out back analysis, and the rock mass parameter obtained using back analysis is modified numerical analysis model, and utilizes amendment
Numerical analysis model afterwards carries out the settlement prediction in i+1 stage, obtains the settlement calculation curve in i+1 stage, and and i+1
The sedimentation measured curve in stage is fitted；
S4：If the settlement calculation curve in the n-th (n >=i) stage and the fitting result of the sedimentation measured curve of n-th order section reach predetermined
It is required that the settlement prediction after then rock mass parameter used in the settlement calculation curve for obtaining n-th order section is used for.
A kind of 2. old goaf residual settlement Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The rock mass parameter
Including bulk modulus, modulus of shearing, cohesive force, internal friction angle and tensile strength；Assumed first that during back analysis cohesive force with it is interior
Angle of friction is constant, treats that other formation parameters back analysis carry out back analysis to cohesive force and internal friction angle again after finishing.
A kind of 3. old goaf residual settlement Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Using FLAC 3D
Build numerical analysis model.
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| CN112230282A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 浙大城市学院 | Seismic wave device and method for measuring settlement of reclamation foundation of enclosed sea |
| CN113338929A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Prediction method for surface residual deformation of single narrow working face extremely-insufficient mining |
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| CN113338929A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Prediction method for surface residual deformation of single narrow working face extremely-insufficient mining |
| CN114202143A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-03-18 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | Goaf safety evaluation method and device and storage medium |
| CN116304490A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-23 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Mine empty water static ponding amount estimation method based on three-dimensional modeling |
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