CN108017587B - Triazine natural gas drag reducer and synthesis method and application thereof - Google Patents
Triazine natural gas drag reducer and synthesis method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D251/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D251/40—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D251/48—Two nitrogen atoms
- C07D251/52—Two nitrogen atoms with an oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the third ring carbon atom
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
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- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
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Abstract
The invention discloses a triazine natural gas drag reducer and a synthesis method thereof. The molecular structural formula is as follows:
. The drag reducer is synthesized by the following method: dissolving cyanuric chloride in a solvent, dropwise adding alcohol and inorganic base at-15-0 ℃, reacting for 2-6 h at-15-0 ℃, adding morpholine and inorganic base after the reaction is finished, reacting for 6-12 h at 50-100 ℃, washing with water after the reaction is finished, and drying to obtain the product. The drag reducer provided by the invention has a multi-polar end and a non-polar end, and has good adsorption performance and excellent drag reduction and delivery increase effects. The invention has the advantages of simple synthesis process, mild condition, short time, low requirement on equipment and easy realization of large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of organic chemistry, and particularly relates to a triazine natural gas drag reducer as well as a synthesis method and application thereof.
Background
As an efficient and clean energy source, natural gas has become the best choice for improving the environment and promoting the sustainable development of economy in all countries of the world, and the demand of natural gas is increasing day by day.
In the process of transporting natural gas by a pipe, the roughness of the inner wall of the pipe can generate frictional resistance, so that gas vortex is generated, and the on-way pressure drop and the energy loss are caused. Therefore, to increase the gas transportation amount, it is necessary to reduce the resistance during the transportation of the natural gas and reduce the energy loss. The main methods for reducing drag and increasing output are an inner coating drag reduction technology and a drag reducer drag reduction technology. In recent years, natural gas pipeline drag reduction conveying becomes a research hotspot at home and abroad, and by reducing pipeline friction and inhibiting radial pulsation, the aims of reducing on-way pressure drop and energy loss, reducing conveying pressure and improving conveying efficiency are achieved, and meanwhile, the safety risk caused by pipeline pressurization can also be reduced. At present, natural gas drag reduction conveying has not been industrially applied, but has shown huge economic value and application potential. Therefore, the research on the natural gas drag reduction conveying process technology has important significance for improving the flowability of natural gas, improving the pipe conveying efficiency and guaranteeing the safe operation of a pipeline, and simultaneously has better actual production requirements and market prospects.
The natural gas drag reducer is a compound similar to a surfactant structure, has a polar end and a non-polar end, after the natural gas drag reducer is filled into a pipeline, the polar end is adsorbed on the inner wall of the pipeline through a coordination bond, and the non-polar end exists between a fluid and the inner surface of the pipeline and is suspended in an airflow in a downstream direction under the action of shear stress to form a layer of film. The film can partially fill the depressions on the wall surface of the tube, and serves to reduce roughness. Meanwhile, in the process of recovering and extending the molecules, part of energy of the fluid molecules impacting the inner wall is absorbed and returned to the fluid, the radial pulsation of the gas and the pulsation generated by the rough bulges are reduced, and the vortex energy is reduced, so that the flow resistance is reduced, and the aim of reducing the resistance is fulfilled. Therefore, the development of natural gas drag reducers with strong polar-end adsorptivity and moderate flexible-end has become one of the active petrochemical additive fields in recent years.
US 5902784A and Chinese patent CN 101575495A respectively disclose a synthetic method of a nitrogen-containing natural gas drag reducer, and the nitrogen-containing natural gas drag reducer is used for drag reduction and transportation increase of a gas pipeline. CN 102040908A discloses that trimethoxy silane and alpha-dodecene are used as raw materials to synthesize dodecyl trimethoxy silane drag reducer in the presence of platinum catalyst. The Mannich alkali type drag reducer synthesized by the patent CN 101328442A through a two-step method can be applied to drag reduction and transportation increase of natural gas gathering and transportation pipelines.
In addition, there are some reports on the synthesis of nitrogen-containing drag reducers, such as patent CN 102838606 a also discloses the preparation of a porphyrin-based natural gas drag reducer, and patent CN 101575497 a; US 5549848A; CN 101328441A; CN 101329011A; w.g. Xing et al (polymer. degrad. stab. 2011, 92: 74-78); asahi et al (Natural gas industry 2010, 30: 92-96). Patents CN 102443022A and CN 102863473 a report phosphorous drag reducers octadecyl alcohol phosphate ammonium salts and six-membered cycloalkyl siloxane-phosphate esters, respectively.
However, the natural gas drag reducers reported in the above patents and documents have some disadvantages, mainly including single polar end, weak adsorptivity, few non-polar ends (such as octadecyl alcohol phosphate ammonium salt), unobvious drag reduction effect, and poor solubility (such as hexa-membered cyclic alkyl siloxane-phosphate), which cannot be applied to natural gas pipeline drag reduction in large scale, so the application range is greatly limited, and the drag reduction effect needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of poor adsorptivity, few polar chain ends and poor drag reduction effect of the conventional natural gas drag reducer, the invention provides a triazine natural gas drag reducer and a synthesis method thereof. The drag reducer has the characteristics of strong multi-polar-end adsorption and good drag reduction effect. The synthesis method is simple, the reaction time is short, and the solvent is low in toxicity and pollution-free.
The invention provides a triazine drag reducer, which has a molecular structural formula shown as a formula (I):
in the formula (I), R is C4-C18Any one of the aliphatic chains.
The invention also provides a synthetic method of the triazine drag reducer, which comprises the following steps:
dissolving cyanuric chloride in a solvent, adding alcohol and inorganic base at the temperature of-15-0 ℃, and reacting for 2-6 h at the temperature of-15-0 ℃; stopping the reaction, adding morpholine and inorganic base while stirring, and continuing the reaction for 6-12 hours at the temperature of 50-100 ℃; and after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing the crude product with water, and drying to obtain the triazine drag reducer.
In the method, the molar ratio of cyanuric chloride to alcohol is 1: 1-1: 2, preferably 1: 1-1: 1.5; molar ratio of alcohol to inorganic base 1: 1-1: 2, preferably 1: 1-1: 1.5; the molar ratio of cyanuric chloride to morpholine is 1: 2-1: 3, preferably 1: 2-1: 2.5; molar ratio of morpholine to inorganic base 1: 1-1: 2, preferably 1: 1-1: 1.5.
in the method of the invention, the solvent is selected from one or more of acetone, toluene and water, and is preferably acetone.
In the method of the invention, the alcohol is C4-C18Any one of fatty alcohols.
In the method of the present invention, the inorganic base is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate, and sodium hydroxide is preferred.
In the process of the invention, the washing of the crude product is a procedure well known to the person skilled in the art. The drying is also well known to those skilled in the art, for example, the drying temperature is typically 60 to 150 ℃.
The synthetic route of the drag reducer of the invention is as follows:
the invention also provides application of the synthesized natural gas drag reducer in natural gas pipeline transportation. The drag reducer synthesized by the invention can improve the gas transmission amount, reduce the gas transmission power and meet the requirement of seasonal peak regulation in the natural gas pipeline transportation, and can reduce the danger of full-load operation to a certain extent. In addition, the synthesized drag reducer can also play an auxiliary role in inhibiting corrosion, repairing internal coating defects and the like.
The product of the invention is used as a natural gas drag reducer, and is generally prepared into solutions of ethanol, gasoline, diesel oil or acetone and the like for drag reduction and transportation increase of natural gas pipelines. The content of the triazine natural gas drag reducer in the prepared solution is generally 5-150 g/L.
Besides, the product of the invention also has a certain corrosion inhibition function on the natural gas pipeline.
The triazine natural gas drag reducer is a compound with a multi-polar end and a non-polar end, is used as a drag reduction additive of a natural gas pipeline, is injected or coated on the inner wall of the pipeline after atomization, the polar end of the triazine natural gas drag reducer is firmly adsorbed on the inner surface of the pipeline metal and forms a smooth film, the non-polar end of the triazine natural gas drag reducer exists between the fluid of the pipeline and the inner surface, part of the triazine natural gas drag reducer fills the dent of the inner surface of the pipeline to reduce the roughness, the non-polar end of the triazine natural gas drag reducer flows downwards to suspend in the air flow under the action of shear stress, part of the triazine natural gas drag reducer impacts the energy absorption of the fluid molecules on the inner wall and returns to the fluid in the process of molecular. The product of the invention is white or light yellow solid, the yield is more than 85 percent, and the product has good adsorption performance and excellent drag reduction and delivery increase effects on the metal surface.
The drag reducer provided by the invention has the advantages of simple synthesis process, mild reaction conditions, short reaction time and low equipment requirement, is easy to realize large-scale industrial production, and overcomes the defects of poor adsorptivity and short drag reduction effect duration of the conventional natural gas drag reducer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a drawing of a drag reducer made in example 11HNMR spectrogram.
FIG. 2 is an SEM of the surface of a blank steel sheet and a steel sheet coated with a drag reducing agent of example 1. Wherein: (a) blank steel surface; (b) the steel surface after film forming; (c) and (5) treating the surface of the steel by using the condensate.
Fig. 3 is an electrochemical polarization curve of the electrode and the blank electrode after the drag reducer film is formed in example 1.
Detailed Description
The triazine based natural gas drag reducer and the process for preparing the same of the present invention are further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are provided only for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to be limiting.
Test products of the German Bruker 400 (400MHz) NMR spectrometer were used in the examplesArticle of manufacture1H nuclear magnetic spectrum with d6Chloroform as solvent, solution concentration 10-25%, internal standard substance tetramethylsilane; scanning and testing the soaked sample by using an FEI QUANTA-200 (Eindhoven, Netherlands) type scanning electron microscope, wherein the acceleration voltage is 15 kV; performing electrochemical test and data analysis on the tested sample by using an IM6 electrochemical workstation of Germany ZAHZER company; the used indoor loop test evaluation device is a self-made test device.
Example 1
In a 3000mL four-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer, a stirrer and a constant pressure dropping funnel were placed 110.4g of cyanuric chloride and 600mL of acetone, the four-necked flask was cooled to-15 ℃, and 44.4g of n-butanol and 360.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were slowly dropped while stirring, and the temperature of the system was controlled to not exceed 0 ℃. After the dripping is finished, the reaction is carried out for 3 hours at the temperature of between 15 ℃ below zero and 0 ℃. The reaction was stopped, 104.4g of morpholine and 480.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were added to the system, and the reaction was carried out at 90 ℃ for 8 hours. After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is filtered, the crude product is washed by distilled water and dried at the temperature of 100 ℃, and 180.0g of white product is obtained, and the yield is 92.9%.
The structural formula of the product obtained in this embodiment is as follows:
FIG. 1 is of a drag reducer1And (5) HNMR test results. As can be seen, the peak at 0.93 to 0.96ppm in the figure is the chemical shift of the a proton on the terminal methyl group in the alcohol; the peaks at 1.41 to 1.48ppm and 1.70 to 1.76ppm are due to the chemical shifts of the b and c protons on the methylene group in the alcohol, respectively; chemical shifts of the d and e protons on the morpholine ring are at 3.69 to 3.71ppm and 3.77 to 3.79ppm, respectively; the peak at 4.25 to 4.28ppm is due to the chemical shift of the f proton on the methylene group attached to the oxygen in the alcohol. Analysis of the data above shows that this product is the target compound we have designed to synthesize.
And (5) testing film forming property and stability. FIG. 2 is an SEM of the surface of a blank steel sheet and a steel sheet after spraying a drag reducer. As can be seen from the figure, the blank sheet has a deep surface indentation and a large roughness, and the gas flowing through the surface is affected by a large resistance (FIG. 2-a). The indentations on the surface of the steel sheet after the drag reducer coating (fig. 2-b) are filled more uniformly with the product. The drag reducer forms a layer of compact protective film on the surface of the steel sheet, so that the surface of the steel sheet becomes smoother, and the roughness of the steel sheet is greatly reduced. The experimental result shows that the product has good film-forming property on the steel surface and has the properties required by the natural gas drag reducer. FIG. 2-c shows SEM images of the experimental back surface of the as-coated steel sheet in the as-prepared simulated condensate. It can be seen that the steel sheet surface treated with the condensate had some dimples visible, but the roughness was still reduced compared to the blank sheet, and a certain amount of the drag reducing agent product was still adsorbed in the dimples. The experimental result shows that although the roughness of the steel sheet is increased compared with that of a sample which is not subjected to suspected liquid system scouring after the steel sheet is stirred in the simulated condensate liquid for 30 days, the drag reducer has no obvious chemical change in the simulated condensate liquid system, and the synthesized drag reducer still has good film forming stability on the surface of the steel sheet.
And (4) performing electrochemical test. Fig. 3 and table 1 show the electrochemical polarization curve test results after film formation of the blank electrode and the drag reducer. From the results, it can be seen that the change of the cathodic polarization curve is not obvious compared with the blank iron electrode, the anodic polarization curve is slightly steep under the protection of the drag reducer, the self-corrosion potential value is increased from-0.644V to-0.601V and increased by 0.043V, and the logarithm value of the self-corrosion current is reduced from-4.87 lgA to-5.06 lgA and decreased by 0.19 lgA. The electrochemical polarization curve test result shows that the drag reducer can form a stable protective film on the surface of the iron electrode to block the interaction between the electrode and the test solution, so that the iron electrode is more stable, the self-corrosion potential is increased, and the self-corrosion current is reduced. The film forming process of the synthesized drag reducer belongs to an anode control type, and a product forms a film on the surface of an anode.
TABLE 1 electrochemical polarization test results of electrodes and blank electrodes after film formation
| Sample (I) | Self-corroding potential (V) | Self-corrosion current logarithm (lgA) |
| Hollow white iron electrode | -0.644 | -4.87 |
| Electrode after film formation | -0.601 | -5.06 |
Indoor loop test analysis shows that the product is prepared into ethanol solution, atomized and injected into a loop, the test pressure is 0.5-0.6MPa, when the concentration of the drag reducer is 50g/L, the average drag reduction rate can reach 8.6%, and the effective period is more than 60 days.
Example 2
110.4g of cyanuric chloride and 600mL of acetone were added to a 3000mL four-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer, a stirrer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, the four-necked flask was cooled to-15 ℃ and 61.3g of n-hexanol and 360.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were slowly dropped while stirring, and the system temperature was controlled to not exceed 0 ℃. After the dripping is finished, the reaction is carried out for 4 hours at the temperature of between 15 ℃ below zero and 0 ℃. The reaction was stopped, 104.4g of morpholine and 480.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were added to the system, and the reaction was carried out at 90 ℃ for 8 hours. After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is filtered, the crude product is washed by distilled water and dried at the temperature of 100 ℃, and 192.4g of white product is obtained, and the yield is 91.4%.
The structural formula of the product obtained in this embodiment is as follows:
by passing1HNMR, the structure of the product was determined. Indoor loop test analysis shows that the product is prepared into ethanol solution, atomized and injected into a loop, the test pressure is 0.5-0.6MPa, when the concentration of the drag reducer is 60g/L, the average drag reduction rate can reach 9.9%, and the effective period is more than 60 days.
Example 3
In a 3000mL four-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser, thermometer, stirrer, and constant pressure dropping funnel were added 110.4g of cyanuric chloride and 600mL of acetone, the four-necked flask was cooled to-15 ℃ and 111.8g of lauryl alcohol and 360.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were slowly added with stirring while controlling the system temperature to not exceed 0 ℃. After the dripping is finished, the reaction is carried out for 6h at the temperature of-15 to 0 ℃. The reaction was stopped, 104.4g of morpholine and 480.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were added to the system, and the reaction was carried out at 100 ℃ for 12 hours. After the reaction, the reaction solution was filtered, and the crude product was washed with distilled water and dried at 100 ℃ to obtain 231.0g of a white product with a yield of 88.5%.
The structural formula of the product obtained in this embodiment is as follows:
by passing1HNMR, the structure of the product was determined. Indoor loop test analysis shows that the product is prepared into ethanol solution, atomized and injected into a loop, the test pressure is 0.5-0.6MPa, when the concentration of the drag reducer is 40g/L, the average drag reduction rate can reach 8.1%, and the effective period is more than 60 days.
Example 4
110.4g of cyanuric chloride and 600mL of acetone are added into a 3000mL four-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer, a stirrer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, the four-necked flask is cooled to-15 ℃, 78.1g of isooctanol and 360.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution are slowly dropped into the flask while stirring, and the temperature of the system is controlled not to exceed 0 ℃. After the dripping is finished, the reaction is carried out for 4 hours at the temperature of between 15 ℃ below zero and 0 ℃. The reaction was stopped, 104.4g of morpholine and 480.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were added to the system, and the reaction was carried out at 90 ℃ for 8 hours. After the reaction, the reaction solution was filtered, and the crude product was washed with distilled water and dried at 100 ℃ to obtain 203.0g of a white product with a yield of 89.3%.
The structural formula of the product obtained in this embodiment is as follows:
by passing1HNMR, the structure of the product was determined. Indoor loop test analysis shows that the product is prepared into ethanol solution, atomized and injected into a loop, the test pressure is 0.5-0.6MPa, when the concentration of the drag reducer is 50g/L, the average drag reduction rate can reach 8.5%, and the effective period is more than 60 days.
Example 5
110.4g of cyanuric chloride and 600mL of acetone were added to a 3000mL four-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer, a stirrer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, the four-necked flask was cooled to-15 ℃ and 60.1g of 5-hexen-1-ol and 360.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were slowly dropped while stirring, and the system temperature was controlled to not exceed 0 ℃. After the dripping is finished, the reaction is carried out for 4 hours at the temperature of between 15 ℃ below zero and 0 ℃. The reaction was stopped, 104.4g of morpholine and 480.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were added to the system, and the reaction was carried out at 90 ℃ for 8 hours. After the reaction, the reaction mixture was filtered, and the crude product was washed with distilled water and dried at 100 ℃ to obtain 192.0g of a white product with a yield of 91.7%.
The structural formula of the product obtained in this embodiment is as follows:
by passing1HNMR, the structure of the product was determined. Indoor loop test analysis shows that the product is prepared into ethanol solution, atomized and injected into a loop, the test pressure is 0.5-0.6MPa, when the concentration of the drag reducer is 50g/L, the average drag reduction rate can reach 8.2%, and the effective period is more than 60 days.
Example 6
110.4g of cyanuric chloride and 600mL of acetone were added to a 3000mL four-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer, a stirrer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, the four-necked flask was cooled to-15 ℃, and 60.1g of cyclohexanol and 360.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were slowly dropped while stirring, and the system temperature was controlled to not more than 0 ℃. After the dripping is finished, the reaction is carried out for 5 hours at the temperature of between 15 ℃ below zero and 0 ℃. The reaction was stopped, 104.4g of morpholine and 480.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were added to the system, and the reaction was carried out at 100 ℃ for 8 hours. After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is filtered, the crude product is washed by distilled water and dried at the temperature of 100 ℃, and 188.8g of white product is obtained, and the yield is 90.2%.
The structural formula of the product obtained in this embodiment is as follows:
by passing1HNMR, the structure of the product was determined. Indoor loop test analysis shows that the product is prepared into ethanol solution, atomized and injected into a loop, the test pressure is 0.5-0.6MPa, when the concentration of the drag reducer is 50g/L, the average drag reduction rate can reach 7.9%, and the effective period is more than 30 days.
Example 7
110.4g of cyanuric chloride and 600mL of acetone are added into a 3000mL four-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer, a stirrer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, the four-necked flask is cooled to-15 ℃, 58.9g of 2-cyclohexenol and 360.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution are slowly dropped into the flask while stirring, and the temperature of the system is controlled not to exceed 0 ℃. After the dripping is finished, the reaction is carried out for 4 hours at the temperature of between 15 ℃ below zero and 0 ℃. The reaction was stopped, 104.4g of morpholine and 480.0g of 10w.t.% sodium hydroxide solution were added to the system, and the reaction was carried out at 90 ℃ for 6 hours. After the reaction, the reaction solution was filtered, and the crude product was washed with distilled water and dried at 100 ℃ to obtain 181.8g of a white product with a yield of 87.1%.
The structural formula of the product obtained in this embodiment is as follows:
by passing1HNMR, the structure of the product was determined. The indoor loop test analysis shows that the product is prepared into ethanol solution, atomized and injected into the loop, and the test pressure is 0.5-0.6MPa, when the concentration of the drag reducer is 30g/L, the average drag reduction rate can reach 7.6 percent, and the effective period exceeds 30 days.
Example 8
The solvent used in step one of this embodiment is 500mL of toluene, and the rest is the same as in example 1. 175.5g of white product was obtained with a yield of 90.6%.
Example 9
This example uses 100.8g of inorganic base and 50.4g of sodium bicarbonate in step one, the rest being the same as example 1. 172.6g of white product was obtained in 89.1% yield.
Claims (3)
1. The application of the triazine natural gas drag reducer in natural gas pipeline transportation is characterized in that the molecular structural formula of the triazine natural gas drag reducer is shown as the formula (I):
in the formula (I), R is C4-C18Any one of the aliphatic chains.
2. Use according to claim 1, wherein the triazine based natural gas drag reducing agent is used by formulating it into an ethanol, gasoline, diesel or acetone solution.
3. The use according to claim 2, wherein the triazine-based natural gas drag reducer is present in the solution formulated in an amount of 5 to 150 g/L.
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Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 2,4-Bis(morpholin-4-yl)-6-phenoxy-1,3,5-triazine;Jasmine P. Vennila，et al.;《Acta Crystallographica, Section E: Structure Reports Online》;20111231;第67卷(第9期);第o2451页 * |
| New Types of o-Carboranyl Heterocyclic Compounds: Synthesis and Characterization of Morpholino and Di(methoxyethyl)amino Substituted 1,3,5-Triazine Derivatives;Jong-Dae Lee，et al.;《Bull. Korean Chem. Soc.》;20121231;第33卷(第9期);第3136-3138页 * |
| RN361365-39-1;Registry;《STN Columbus》;20011010 * |
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