CN1080131C - Radial-flow fluidizable filter for fluid medium - Google Patents

Abstract

A radial-flow filter employing nonbonded granular particles for filtering impurities from an influent, and that can be backwashed by fluidizing the granular particles to free the impurities therefrom. During a backwashing operation, a backwash liquid applies an upwardly-directed drag force on an upper portion of the granular particles to lift the same into a backwash chamber for fluidization. Subsequent sections of the granular bed are fluidized in a similar manner to thereby completely clean the granular particles. After the backwash operation, the granular particles fall back to the filtration chamber and form a filter bed for carrying out a next filtration operation.

Description

But the medium fluidisation filter of fluid Radial Flow

Technical field of the present invention

The present invention is relevant with following equipment in general:

Act on the equipment of (co-acting) mutually with porous media in order to the influent stream fluid, in order to remove the equipment of impurity, solid and particulate material from the influent stream fluid, particularly a kind of fluid is made Radial Flow, the medium that uses is non-fixed, and fluid is during back washing, the material that its flow direction can be reversed and be leached to remove, therefore with this filter regeneration for the equipment that uses once again.Relevant application:

This application requires previous application to file,

Temporary transient application numbers: 60/018,168 (on May 23rd, 1996 filed)

And application numbers: desired ownership equity in 60/023,679 (on August 17th, 1996 filed).Above-mentioned binomial application is still in examination.

Background of the present invention

Existing, as can to remove granular particle matter from influent stream fluid filter has many kinds.These filters generally can be divided into two big classes: medium fixed and medium on-fixed type.The filter of medium fixed, use a kind of with braiding or non-woven fibrous material makes, the cassette filter element that can remove.The selection of medium is decided by the porous (porosity) that determined by the size of the particulate contamination of desiring to reject in the influent stream fluid.The cassette filter element of this medium fixed when long-pending attached behind the impurity of a great deal of, must be pulled down cleaning with filter element, even more changes element is whole.The cassette filter is not easy back washing, but many cassette filters are radial flow dynamic formulas.The fluid that this Radial Flow filter filters to desire provides the contact surface of maximum possible.Therefore, the resistance that flows of fluid is very little.

An other class, the medium of use on-fixed type, as sand, little bead, animal bone powder, or other fluids can be from the small particulate material that pass through therebetween.The medium of this on-fixed type generally all is to be spherical, or other particulate materials in irregular shape.Space between its particle can filter out the contaminant particles in the fluid effectively.The medium of on-fixed type has an advantage: medium can be by the back washing program regeneration.The effect of back washing comprises and medium being floated and fluidisation makes the impurity that is trapped in the medium, between the particle of medium or particle surface displace.Yet this filter has a shortcoming: the volume of filter is bigger, and cost is higher, and efficient is lower.Because the surface area that convection cell provides is less, thereby often is forced to use the bigger medium of particle, or use (convection cell unit are) higher flow velocity.In other words, develop a kind of Radial Flow, use on-fixed type medium and filter that filter bed can be regenerated by back washing, be a very remarkable job.

Martin has disclosed a kind of Radial Flow filter in the U.S.'s the 3415382nd patent.The on-fixed type medium that it uses bead to do.Though effectively, the medium that uses because of it is the bigger pearl of particle to this filter on its designed filtering function, filter must be taken apart, taking out medium could be with the cleaning of medium.

The Radial Flow filter has very widely and uses in the manufacturing industry and production industry that need remove impurity or solid matter from fluid.Fig. 1 shows the general structure of a basic Radial Flow filter 10.This filter comprises two concentric perforated pipes 12 and 14 and the porous media 16 that is filled in the annular space 20 in the middle of this two concentric pipe.These filter cells all are contained in housing 18 the insides of a filter.Porous media 16 is made up of tiny glass marble of uniform size.The size of glass marble is roughly fixed a certain specific filter, but very wide for its mobility scale of different filters.The size of medium pearl can be a time micron, and micron even can be generally big or small with thick sand.They have been full of the booth 20 in the middle of perforated pipe 12 and 14 fully.Aperture on the pipe is rounded, and size is even, and is distributing with uniform pattern, but aperture also can distribute with other arrangement mode.The assembly of this concentric tube and porous media (medium) will encase fully, makes fluid in filter operation, and filter assemblies is surrounded fully.When fluid radially flows into porous media 16 by the aperture on that concentric pipe 12 of outside, when the aperture by that pipe of the inside left porous media 16 again, filter operation took place on the whole axial length of filter 10.Impurity in the fluid is caught to catch when fluid cross moves through porous media 16.

Through after one or more filter cycles, porous media 16 must clean with back washing.The back washing program comprises that clean fluid radially outwards pours into porous media 16 from interior pipe 14, flows out from outer stephanoporate round tube 12 again.Its flow direction is opposite with the direction of being taked in filter cycle basically.Fig. 2 shows the operational scenario of this filter 10 in the back washing process of traditional type.Sizable flow velocity adds shoving of producing around the glass bead, with accumulate between pearl with pearl on impurity shift out, and it is washed out.These impurity are enough little, can be by the space between the glass bead that constitutes porous media 16.Yet not every impurity can be removed, as the nubbin of resin.Impurity particle is piled up in porous media 16 gradually.Therefore, through the filtration and all after dates of back washing of certain number, filter 10 must be pulled down to change or to safeguard that porous media 16 makes it recover good condition.

From above discussion, need to use on-fixed type medium as can be seen, its structure can provide the Radial Flow filter of back washing ability.

Also need a filter that uses on-fixed type medium: in the back washing cycle, therefore porous media holomorphosis omit and intermittently filter taken apart to clean or to change porous media.In addition, need to use on-fixed type medium, filter that can back washing, its back washing operating pressure can not be too high.Also need a kind of filter, produce the high-drag of back washing fluid, make the signal of back washing end of operation with the increase of back washing fluid pressure in the contrary final stage in cycle of selecting.

Brief introduction of the present invention

One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of permission filter media easy fluidised filter.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of permission filter media fluidisation in succession, promptly a part is followed fluidised partially filter.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is that this structure by filter realizes that promptly in this structure, filter media is supported in the ring-type post, so fluid can be crossed filter media by radial flow.The large-area filter media of ring-type post can be used to and the fluid acting in conjunction like this.

At the regeneration period of filter media, the mobile of fluid that flows through filter is reverse, and thus, filter media is by fluidisation.This filter has a series of check valves, and they define the various piece of filter media, is closed at the regeneration period check valve like this, and regenerative fluid provides lift until its fluidisation to the napex of filter media.After this, each of filter media partly by the lift fluidisation of regenerative fluid, is partly moved to the fluidisation part of filter in succession from filter up to nearly all filter media.In case fluidisation, filter media is reproduced, and therefore, the particulate matter that for example is filtered is disengaged from fluidised particle and removes from filter.

In case finish regeneration cycle, media particle falls back to the filter bottom in the ring-type post.Can restart to filter or the acting in conjunction of fluid and transition medium.

According to the principle and the notion of this invention, the application discloses a kind of Radial Flow filter, and its uses on-fixed type medium, can with the back washing program impurity or small particle be removed effectively, with the cleaning of medium.According to a preferred embodiment of this invention, this Radial Flow filter uses bigger dielectric chamber to hold granular medium pearl.In the back washing cycle, the reverse flow of back washing fluid adds the strength of rising for granular pearl, and it is sent to the top of back washing chamber, therefore pearl is separated, and allows the particulate material that gathers be removed and to take away.In filter cycle, granular pearl is deposited to the bottom of dielectric chamber, and the influent stream fluid passes through between pearl, and particulate material is filtered off therefrom.

According to a preferred embodiment of Radial Flow filter of the present invention, the influent stream fluid is by covering the screen cloth on the outer perforated cylinder, and the particle by medium radially.The fluid that has filtered is again by an interior perforated cylinder that is coated with screen cloth.This fluid that has filtered flows to the fluid issuing of filter then again by a succession of check-valves that is contained in the interior perforated cylinder that screen cloth covers then.

In the back washing cycle, the back washing fluid is stressed to pass through filter in the other direction, at this moment, closure of check ring, the back washing fluid passes through particle media in the opposite direction.In contrary Xian's process, fluid generally can radially pass through particle media, and moves upward along the axle center.The upwards active force of this back washing fluid impels closure of check ring, therefore makes most fluid enter granular medium, and not in interior perforated cylinder on flow.The upwards tractive force that this adverse current fluid produces makes the media particle rising on top enter the back washing chamber, there contaminant particles separately and from medium is taken away.The motion and the separation process of this particle media usually is called as " floating " or " fluidisation " (Fluidization), and it occurs in when the tractive force of the particle of the upper strata that acts on medium (or upper curtate) surpasses buoyancy weight (buoyant weight).In case after the medium perfect fluidization of the superiors, then the medium of its lower floor is also by fluidisation, the particle media of this layer is forced to flow upward, so particle separately, and fine particle is disengaged.The medium of one deck is also successively by fluidisation below each, and therefore whole filter media just regenerates fully during back washing.Because medium is a layering fluidisation successively, the pressure that back washing needs has reduced significantly, and the therefore required back washpump and the requirement of miscellaneous equipment have also reduced.

At a preferable Radial Flow filter, the back washing chamber is configured to its volume and wants to hold the particle media that nearly all fluidisation is crossed.After perfect fluidization, granular medium can penetrate the interior perforated cylinder that is stamped net back washing chamber part and cover full fully.Because in the back washing chamber and be coated with between the top of interior perforated cylinder of screen cloth and be not easy to, or expedite path, therefore, the pressure of back washing fluid can increase.The increase of this back washing fluid pressure can be used as a kind of signal that the back washing program has finished.In case the back washing fluid stops to flow, those granular media just fall back to the bottom of dielectric chamber downwards, and from then on next filter can begin.

Other embodiment of the present invention comprise the arrangement that other are different, and such as using O type ring, porous bag and check-valves etc. are to promote the fluidisation process of medium.

The brief introduction of accompanying drawing

Some characteristics of the present invention and advantages will become more obvious to preferred and other the description of embodiment of the present invention from following.Following narration and accompanying drawing, to same part, element etc. will use the same Ref. No..

Fig. 1 is the general profile of a well-known Radial Flow filter.The operation of display filter in filter cycle.

Fig. 2 is that the shown filter of exploded view 1 is in the back washing operation.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show the schematic configuration diagram according to a Radial Flow filter of the present invention's structure.Filter is respectively in filter operation and back washing operation.

Fig. 5 a-5f is the part constructed profile of a Radial Flow filter, shows the fluidisation state of particle media in different phase.

Fig. 6 a is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of a Radial Flow filter, shows the velocity that acts on the particle media, and it causes a gravitation that makes progress to cause the fluidisation of particle media.

Fig. 7 is that a computer provides, and is presented at the pattern that the back washing process medium fluid flows.

Fig. 8 is a kind of profile of filter of Radial Flow, and this filter has disclosed back washing and fluidised ability.

Fig. 9 is the profile of the check-valves of a kind of use on interior perforated cylinder in the embodiment of the invention.

Figure 10 is the plan view according to a kind of check valve plate of second embodiment of the invention structure.

Figure 11 and 12 is profiles of the check-valves of a use on filter housings.Check-valves is being opened or closed condition respectively.

Figure 13 is the profile according to the different piece of the radial filter device of another kind of embodiment structure of the present invention.

Figure 14 a and 14b are constructed profiles according to a kind of Radial Flow filter of another embodiment of the present invention structure, show the operation of a porous flexure member in filtration and back washing cycle respectively.

Figure 15 a and 15b are constructed profiles according to a kind of Radial Flow filter of the structure of another embodiment again of the present invention, show the situation of a Radial Flow filter with opposite flow direction operation respectively.

Describe in detail

Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram according to a kind of Radial Flow filter assemblies 50 of the present invention's structure.This Radial Flow filter assemblies 50 uses a kind of new back washing technology, has therefore avoided previous filter technology periodic shutdown that needs and the cost expenditure of keeping in repair on-fixed type porous media.Though preferred and other embodiment will be with a use particle media to filter the unit describe of particle matter from the influent stream fluid, principle of the present invention can realize with influent stream fluid (gas or liquid) and medium are interacted (co-acting) with conception, its medium periodically back washing to clean or the used medium of regenerating.

The filter assemblies 50 of this Radial Flow has a solid cylindrical housings 52 to cover the whole length of filter assemblies.An interior perforated cylinder 54 that is covered with screen cloth extends to the total length of filter assemblies housing 52.Not demonstrating Intranet among the figure is to be made on the supporting construction 54 of perforated cylinder, to prevent the collapse of screen cloth.The space of dress porous media 56 is made of two cells.In filter cycle, porous media 56 is contained in first cell 58 that generally is arranged in the more following or bottom of filter assemblies 50.This first porous media chamber 58 comprises that one has net to coat the cingens annular space of concentric perforated cylinder on it by two.These two concentric perforated cylinders fix limit for interior screen cloth 54 for one, and another fixes limit for outer screen cloth 60.Very similar with the interior perforated cylinder 54 that screen cloth covers, outer screen cloth 60 is also being supported by a perforated cylinder, and the length of this outer perforated cylinder only is elongated to half of length overall of filter assemblies 50.Perforated cage 54 and 60 aperture are also littler than the general diameter of porous media 56.With this, screen cloth can be retained in 50 li of filters to porous media.

As can be seen from Figure 3, according to an important characteristic of the present invention, this Radial Flow filter assemblies 50 comprises a superincumbent back washing chamber 62 and a porous media chamber 58 below.The volume of back washing chamber 62 better is identical with the volume of dielectric chamber 58.Can illustrate in greater detail below, the general diameter that is positioned at top back washing chamber 62 is bigger than the diameter of the porous media chamber 58 that is positioned at the below, so can promote the fluidisation of porous media 56 in the back washing cycle, with and separate and stirring.An embolus 64 in being fixed between perforated cylinder 54 and the screen cloth flows to the bottom of perforated cage vertically in order to stop fluid from the top of perforated cage, or flows in the opposite direction.One or more apertures 66 are arranged with in the perforated cylinder 54 in equidistant being fixed on.The size in these apertures reduces gradually, and the resistance that the back washing fluid of the close embolus 64 of therefore healing is subjected to is bigger.To describe in the introduction in back washing cycle as following, the back washing fluid is forced in aperture 66, outwards flows in the porous media 56, therefore produces a climbing power with the porous media fluidization in the perpendicular segment.

In filter cycle, a fraction of influent stream fluid band suspended particles, the top of perforated cylinder 54 in entering, and, down enter the top of back washing chamber 62 then along arrow 68 directions along radially by screen cloth.Flowing of this influent stream fluid may down transmit at any porous media 56 that the back washing cycle accumulates in back washing chamber 62.Yet, most influent stream fluid will be by the most apertures 70 on housing 52, and are directed around outer perforated cylinder 60, and Fig. 3 and 4 does not show, filter assemblies 50 is to be contained on the another one housing, and this housing has import to be connected with other pumping unit with outlet.Respectively there is a check-valves in each aperture 70, and still it will stop the reverse flow of back washing fluid can to allow fluid enter filter assemblies 50.The influent stream fluid is by behind the outer perforated cylinder 60, and radially by porous media 56, particulate contamination is trapped in the porous media 56 intergranular spaces or rests on the surface of medium 56 there.Therefore, the influent stream fluid just is filtered and finishes.Filter good fluid and pass through aperture 66 by interior perforated cylinder 54 Radial Flow that screen cloth coats.Filter good fluid, leave this Radial Flow filter assemblies 50 along direction shown in the arrow 72.

Porous media can be the small bead of glass or other kind, as sand, and animality bone meal, activated carbon, or other any particulate material with the required characteristic of the impurity that can remove certain particulate of specifying size and certain form.The pearl of 100 microns of nominal diameters when place as shown in Figure 3 equally, just can filter out the particulate material littler than pearl as everyone knows.Therefore, the screen cloth that covers on perforated cylinder 54 and 60 can keep media particle, allows particle matter by mesh but leached by media bed keeping here.Look the quantity of suspended impurity amount contained in the influent stream fluid, and the volume size of filter bed porous media, the space between media particle is filled up by these granular impurity the most at last, and therefore the efficient of filter assemblies 50 lower and cause the load of pump to increase.

According to an important feature of the present invention, can reverse direction that fluid flows and with this Radial Flow filter assemblies 50 back washing effectively.The flow path of back washing fluid as shown in Figure 4.The back washing fluid enters this Radial Flow filter assemblies 50 in the place of arrow 74 indications, and this back washing fluid attempt is along the axial flow of interior perforated cylinder 54, and still owing to the existence of a series of aperture 66, fluid is outwards imported 56 li of porous medias.Can see that the check-valves in aperture 70 cuts out because of stressed in the back washing cycle, so all back washing fluids just upwards are guided into filter chamber 58.

According to another characteristics of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, porous media than upper section since be subjected to that the back washing fluid executed upwards draw strength, at first by fluidisation.In addition, the aperture 66 openings of sizes differences of differing heights, the porous media 56 that allows different sections is continuously successively by fluidisation.One section of the top of porous media 56 at first by fluidisation, surpasses its buoyancy weight because act on the climbing power of this layer porous media and particulate contamination.In case porous media 56 fluidisations of these the superiors, thereafter just below it porous media of a section remove, so medium of a section just can be by fluidisation below this.So, the fluidisation all of all porous medias 56 in the filter chamber 58 to the end, and also nearly all medium all takes to the back washing chamber 62 that is positioned at its top by the back washing fluid.The fluidisation program of this segmented has overcome needs very big back washing pressure, so that the porous media in this whole ring-type tubing string is raised up.Do not have sizable back washing pressure, the medium tubing string be mentioned is a kind of difficult matter.

There are two functions back washing chamber 62.At first, will be to be subjected to a whirlpool to transfer to from the fluidisation of the porous media 56 of the less filter chamber 58 of diameter with advancing back washing chamber 62 to form.Porous media 56 is stirred in this vortex motion, therefore media particle is separated and disengages the impurity of little material shape.These contaminant particles by back washing fluid band and are passed through coated with the interior perforated cylinder 54 of screen cloth and along arrow 76 direction discharge filter assemblies 50.The top of filter housings 52 can burrow to allow that bigger particle and impurity are with from filter assemblies 50.Granular size and weight according to volume flow, back washing pressure and the porous media of back washing fluid, the selection of decision aperture 66 sizes makes the back washing fluid can impose enough tractive force to the porous media 56 of each floor media particle is mentioned and it 58 is sent to back washing chamber 62 from the filter chamber.Second characteristic of the present invention are: when nearly all porous media 56 was sent to back washing chamber 62, flowing of back washing fluid will be subjected to being accumulated in the resistance that the interior perforated cylinder that is covered with screen cloth extends into the porous media of back washing chamber 62 parts.Therefore, when porous media 56 fluidisations were finished, the increase of back washing fluid pressure can be measured.This back washing cycle that can be used to refer to filter assemblies 50 finishes, and causes the beginning of next filter cycle.

When the use in parallel of several Radial Flow filters, the phenomenon that above-mentioned back washing fluid increases can advantageously be used.If each Radial Flow filter assemblies 50 all uses the back washing fluid in same source, become perfect fluidization and increase back washing fluid by it when the medium of one of them filter so, the pressure of back washing fluid can be for other filter to promote the fluidisation of its porous media.In other words, in case a filter fluidisation, it does not just allow a large amount of back washing fluids pass through, and it stops passing through of this back washing fluid significantly.It is very serious that the porous media of a filter among several filters in parallel is subjected to that contaminant particles blocks, and need most back washing pressure with its medium fluid the time, and it is useful especially that these characteristics just become.

Fig. 5 a-5f is to scheme to show the in turn fluidised continuously example of porous media 56 of different sections.What showed is a typical Radial Flow filter, is furnished with four check-valves 90-95 within it on the perforated cylinder porous media 56 is divided into five sections.It is more detailed that these check-valves show in Fig. 9.Fig. 5 a is illustrated in the initial stage in back washing cycle, and the stream of granular filter grain pearl before fluidisation begins is expected annular tubing string.Fig. 5 b shows that the top of porous media 80 partly begins fluidisation, and the tractive force that is subjected to fluid is upwards mentioned and entered back washing chamber 62.Said as the front that this was because act on the axial thrust force on porous media 56 tops 60, surpass the buoyancy weight (buoyant weight) of medium itself, so stressed the moving upward of porous media enters back washing chamber 62.When this program continues to carry out, whole being moving upward that the porous media of first section 80 is just showed as Fig. 5 c enters back washing chamber 62, in Fig. 5 c, next section 82 that is being close to is just beginning fluidisation, and upwards being sent to back washing chamber 62, the particle of medium is separated from each other and separates with the particle matter that is filtered out there.This moment, the medium of second section 82 also just was moving upward because original buoyancy weight of the medium of first section 80 thereon of pressing has been got rid of.In Fig. 5 d, again below the porous media 56 beginning fluidisations of a section 84, and be moving upward and enter back washing chamber 62.Fig. 5 e is presented at the fluidisation of the medium in the section 86.In Fig. 5 f, because be subjected to the tractive force of the back washing fluid that inherent filtration device assembly bottom inlet 96 enters, the porous media of the bottom 88 is moving upward.

Have a bit very importantly, each is all different for check-valves 90-94 and 95 opening.The position is in the opening minimum of uppermost check-valves 90, and in the opening maximum of nethermost check-valves 95, the openings of sizes of the check-valves between them (92-94) also is between them.Import 96 does not preferably have real orifice structure, but its opening itself just has the effect in aperture, and its size is big than aperture 95.Uppermost check-valves 90 apertures size is selected, and is to decide according to the pressure of the back washing fluid that enters import 90, and the tractive force that acts on porous media 56 must enough make the medium of upper curtate 80 rise.In case the porous media 56 of upper curtate 80 is upwards transmitted by fluid strength and finishes, the back washing fluid just can not be subjected to the resistance of porous media 56 to continue to flow through the aperture of check-valves 90.But because the aperture of check-valves 90 is little, the residue strength that flows through the back washing fluid of check-valves 92 bestows enough tractive force can for second section 82, with the upwards lifting of porous media 56 of this section.Utilize the design of the aperture different openings size of check-valves (90-95), can suppose when the porous media fluidization of a last section and after being sent to back washing chamber 62, the tractive force size that the porous media 56 of each section is subjected to all much at one.The back washing fluid pressure is depended in the selection of these aperture sizes, the size and the weight of porous media 56 particles, and other parameters of making according to experiment.Also have an adaptation, the Radial Flow filter section 50 of constructed in accordance with the principles can be done simulation and analyze with the suitable software of electronical computer.A filter hydrodynamics program is arranged " FLUENT ".Radial Flow filter disclosed in this invention is with this process simulation, and definite its relevant important parameter.The outcome record of analyzing at Mi Geeramaya (MiguelAmaya) in the thesis for the doctorate " operational characteristic of a Radial Flow filter in the back washing cycle " that proposed on August 17th, 1996.Here incorporate in the present patent application this paper for referencial use.

Above, an important characteristic of the present invention is allowed a porous media section one section ground fluidisation in counter-current operation, is because a series of equidistant but aperture that radius diminishes gradually is housed on interior perforated cylinder 54.Fig. 6 a is shown is to utilize computer program to analyze a Radial Flow filter that uses the design of this kind aperture, with and contraposition in interior perforated cylinder 54 and outside the effect of porous media of annulus between the perforated cylinder 60.Show among the figure that one first aperture 90 and second aperture 92 are fixed in the interior perforated cylinder 54.In this design, a vital area that is encased by flexure member 100 is arranged in the interior perforated cylinder 54.This flexure member 100 can be made of durable elastic rubber material thin slice, the inner surface of perforated cylinder 54 in being bonded at or being fixed on.This pouch 100 covers the aperture and stops fluid to pass through.Be arranged in the mouth 104 on the just following perforated cylinder 54 of orifice structure 90 and 90, have sub-fraction 102 not covered by this flexure member 100.An alternative is arranged, without pouch 100, not all punchings of perforated cylinder 54 in just making.The back washing fluid flows along arrow 106 directions in interior perforated cylinder 54.The arrow of showing in filter chamber 58 is the velocity that the back washing fluid flows.

Aperture 90 and 92 restriction back washing fluids flowing in interior perforated cylinder 54, and cause acting on tractive force on the porous media.Have only the buoyancy weight that surpasses porous media when this tractive force, the porous fluid could move up along axis direction in the back washing operating process.The rate of flow of fluid vector can determine that at the numerical value of axis direction fluid draw power surpasses the porous media zone of buoyancy weight.The flow velocity vector of showing among Fig. 6 a 108 is presented at the some moment fluids dynamics that flows and the tractive force that is produced.In the section 110 of porous media, fluid velocity vector 108 all is up generally.Supposing described on Fig. 6 a is the superiors of porous media, and at this section, the buoyancy weight of porous media is compared with the tractive force that is produced by aperture 90 existence and be applied to it, and is minimum.The result of computer for analysis determines: aperture 90 sizes that application choice is suitable, select suitable aperture 104 sizes on the interior perforated cylinder 54 and distribute, and the size of porous media particle and weight, can make the tractive force that acts on porous media surpass its buoyancy weight.Under this situation, porous media is upwards mentioned, and 58 moves on to back washing chamber 62 from the filter chamber.

In 112 sections of filter chamber 58, the rate of flow of fluid vector almost is not exist herein, does not have net tractive effort to act on the porous media.That section directly over 112 sections, the direction of speed vector 111 down.Therefore, act on the downward strength of 112 sections, prevent whole porous media tubing string as one an embolus upwards mentioned.Yet after the porous media of that section above the aperture 90 was removed, downward speed vector just became and has not existed, and this makes the medium of a following section prepare fluidisation.Therefore this arrangement has promoted medium continuous fluid process from top to bottom.For second aperture 92, the tractive force that makes progress that acts on the porous media also exists in section 114.Owing to be subjected to the accumulating weight of the porous media on it, this tractive force does not have to surpass the buoyancy weight at this section 114.When the porous media of above it section 110 be removed and fluidisation after, the tractive force that acts on porous media section 114 just surpasses its buoyancy weight, so the media particle of this section just begins toward rising, and is sent to back washing chamber 62 with fluidisation.Same fluid dynamic effect occurs in remaining aperture section so that full annular filter chamber 58 in porous media all moved empty till.

Fig. 6 b is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of a Radial Flow filter.This filter is equipped with the band of an annular outside between perforated cylinder 60 and the filter assemblies housing 52.As can be seen, each section of porous media 56 all respectively has a relevant band.The band of this ring-type, or other similar structures are to be used for guiding back porous media 56 with the back washing fluid from the annular chamber 118 of outside.The band 116 of this annular can be made one with the housing of filter assemblies, or makes in the lump with the outer wall of outer perforated cylinder 60.

Fig. 7 is presented in the back washing process, the flow situation of back washing fluid.Porous media at the top section has been sent away by fluidisation.The vertical cross section of display filter among the figure, the interior perforated cylinder of this filter are equipped with five apertures that radius successively decreases.Figure reaches the standard grade thicker, and the place that color is darker shows the bigger amount of flow of back washing fluid, and the lines of individual other fluctuation shape show that this zone back washing fluid flow reduces.Can be by finding out on the figure, above porous media 56 fluidisation of section, but the medium of more following section, the tractive force that is subjected to surpasses the buoyancy weight of the medium of accumulation on it, so fluidisation does not begin as yet.This shows that the Radial Flow filter can be constructed in this way, porous media being provided fluidised ability, and do not need too high back washing pressure, the efficient of unlikely attenuating filter operation.

Carried above, each structural detail of Radial Flow filter influences the ability and the efficient of fluidisation process.In the essential many parameters considered of design porous media fluidization, the influence that the size of flow velocity and flow velocity fall radially tractive force and pressure is bigger than other the influence of many parameters.Utilize computer for analysis, the flow velocity that can find to increase filter can increase the tractive force to media particle, but this will pay the cost that increase falls in pressure.The character of porous media and characteristic are to the influence of its reaction, and the influence of arranging style than the aperture of interior perforated cylinder is big.For example, reduce the size of porous media particle, on average will increase pressure 5955Pa, this is nine times of result of the percentage of open area of perforated cylinder 54 in changing.Tractive force is with respect to the increase of percentage of open area and increase.For the design of radial filter device, this demonstrates when medium use smaller particles, and the style in aperture changes more inessential.It is also noted that the change percentage of open area has reverse effect to the size of tractive force.For example, the average effect that increases percentage of open area is to reduce tractive force, can cause increase tractive force yet increase the aperture size.According to the computer for analysis result, when percentage of open area was big, tractive force can be reduced in the big aperture of interior perforated cylinder 54; But percentage of open area hour uses big aperture can increase tractive force.Increasing percentage of open area and openings of sizes simultaneously can cause the suitable pressure that passes the radial fluid filter to fall.It is also noted that the mean particle dia of having found the flow velocity of back washing liquid and porous media falls the pressure of tractive force and filter very big influence.When using the less medium of higher flow velocity and particle, style is arranged in the aperture of interior perforated cylinder does not have too big correlation to the effect that tractive force and pressure fall.

Embodiments of the invention, with computer program " FLUENT " (V4.31), fluid flow pattern (Fluid Flow Modeling 1995, FLUENT, INC., CenterraResource park, 10 Cavendish Court, NH 03766) analyze.Being constructed as follows of this filter: use 5 apertures, its radius is between 0.645 centimetre (0.254 o'clock) to 2.66 centimetres (1.047 o'clock).The general diameter of the particle of medium is the 44-840 micron, and proportion 2.5 is similar to sand.Aperture radius on the interior perforated cylinder 54 is 1.9 centimetres (0.75 inch), and the aperture area in aperture is 66 percent.The ring-type filter chamber of dress porous media is of a size of 2.0 centimetres of () (radially) * 57.47 centimetre (22.625 inch) (axially) at 0.80 o'clock, and flow velocity is per minute 11.3-106.0 liter (a 3-28 gallon).The scope 0.5-10kPa of back washing pressure.Estimate so filter of structure, therefore porous media successfully fluidisation can remove impurity fully, thereby has saved other kind design in order to dismantle filter assemblies to change medium required downtime.

Fig. 8 shows the profile of a kind of radial filter device of having quoted above-mentioned many characteristics.Filter 120 has a base 122 and a detachable housing 124, connects with bolt and clip 126 each other.The adhesive seal of housing 124 and base 122 usefulness elastic caoutchoucs or other kind.Base 122 has an inlet union 128 to link to each other with an influent stream fluid supply.Fluid is squeezed into along direction shown in the arrow 130 with pump.Fluid is arranged in the influent stream body and desire by the isolated particulate contamination of filter bed in the housing 124.In case after impurity was removed, trickle was discharged along the device of direction inherent filtration shown in the arrow 134 by outlet connection 132, when back washing operate, the back washing fluid was introduced filters 120 by joint 132, and with the impurity of suspension from joint 128 outflow filters.To being familiar with the people of the technology of back washing system is pulled down and be connected to filter from pumping system, there have a variety of valves to install with control system to be available.

Radial Flow filter assemblies 136 is fixed on housing 124 the insides.Filter assemblies 136 has the chest 138 of a sealing to hold and to support filter assemblies.This chest 138 comprises that a cylinder 140 is fixed between upper top cover 142 and the bottom 144.The inner space of chest 138, except one or several opening 70 on cylinder 140, the convection cell sealing.Fluid and filter 120 link with inlet union 128.Each above-mentioned opening 70 has a check-valves, allows that fluid enters chest 138, but does not allow fluid to flow in the other direction.This chest 138 can be made of plastic cement or metal, to be fit to the special needs of each filtration system, filter impurity from water or similar liquid, can make with PVC or polyethylene plastic material at low pressure situation chest.Under this situation, up and down the lid 142 of two ends and 144 can with bonding, the welding or other method be fixed on the cylinder.When using higher pressure or corrosive liquid (as chemicals), chest 138 can be with the material manufacturing of stainless steel or other kind, and uses solder joints.

In the chest 138 of filter assemblies 136, a pair of perforated cylinder is arranged.Interior perforated cylinder 54 wherein is supported in the opening on top cover 142 and the bottom 144.In addition, interior perforated cylinder 54 also is subjected to the support of filter chamber's bottom 146.These elements can be with bonding, and bolt or alternate manner are fixed, and does be permanently fixed or dismountable installation.The periphery of interior perforated cylinder 54 is coating with screen cloth 148.This net can be made by synthetic or metal material, and its mesh is sufficiently little, can prevent that the particle of filter bed or porous media from passing.The inside of interior perforated cylinder 54 also has an embolus 64, and is current vertically in interior perforated cylinder 54 in order to prevent liquid.

As the alternate design of the orifice structure 66 relevant with Fig. 4 with above-mentioned Fig. 3, Fig. 8 design comprises uses several check-valves 150.The check-valves that our expection has an aperture will be a structure preferably.Check-valves 150 comprises a valve seat and the bead that can float that makes with synthetic material in liquid.Check-valves 150 also has one or several apertures, below will narrate in more detail.Though in filter operation, check-valves 150 is opened, in the back washing operation, except microstome, it is closed in general.Therefore design, the restriction of fluid flow just has been eliminated in filter operation.

The bottom of an outer perforated cylinder 60 is fixed on filter chamber's top cover 146.Its upper end is fixed on the annular small pieces 152 of filter assemblies chest 140 inner faces.Very similar with interior perforated cylinder structure 54, the surface is with screen cloth 154 within the outer perforated cylinder 60.The effect of screen cloth 154 is identical with the effect of screen cloth 148.Annular space between outer perforated cylinder 60 and the interior perforated cylinder 54 is exactly so-called filter chamber 156.Filter chamber 156 has been full of porous media, as granular material, is used for impurity is removed from the influent stream fluid.On filter chamber 156 is back washing chamber 62.The volume of back washing chamber is identical with filter chamber 156 preferably, though it can be bigger.As in Fig. 8 as can be seen, the radial dimension of back washing chamber 62 is bigger than the filter chamber.From the filter chamber 156 when being promoted to back washing chamber 62, the difference on this radial dimension can add a kind of circinate motion to media particle at granular insulating particles 58.And this circinate motion can be stirred media particle, and promote particle and particle separate in case with impurity from wherein discharging.If there is not the difference on this radial dimension, back washing is flowed the tendency that whole medium tubing string is mentioned simultaneously as an embolus.

In the filter operation process, the influent stream fluid is guided according to following approach and flows, it after inlet union 128 enters, the stressed space 160 that enters around filter assemblies housing 138 of influent stream fluid.Fluid is stressed and enters aperture 70 via the check-valves on the filter assemblies inner walls then.It just has been full of annular space 162 by behind the check-valves aperture 70 in case fluid is stressed, and encases the outer surface of outer perforated cylinder 60 is whole.Fluid radially passes through from porous media 58 then, and the impurity in this fluid is removed.Fluid after the filtration is then by the aperture on the interior perforated cylinder 54, and the space 164 in the perforated cylinder in entering.Then, cross the check-valves 150 of fluid that filters, discharge from filter 120 bottoms and enter outlet joint 132 by opening.The characteristics of this Radial Flow allow that porous media 58 has very big surface area, presents to the influent stream fluid.This filter operation program is proceeded to rise up to the pressure of filter 120 inlet union, show porous media 58 productive set a considerable amount of impurity so that filter operation lose till the efficient.

In case having determined that counter-current operation is essential carries out, the unlatching of some valves or close with regard to suitable being adjusted makes the stressed joint 132 that enters of back washing fluid.The flow path of this back washing fluid will be removed impurity from porous media 58 effectively, and takes impurity out of filter from joint 128 together with the back washing fluid.The back washing fluid is forced into joint 132, and upwards flows into the core 164 of interior perforated cylinder 54 inside.At this moment, except the microstome that forms within it, check-valves 150 cuts out.The back washing fluid runs into the aperture that a succession of size reduces gradually, thereby promotes the fluidisation of media particle, describes as the front.Porous media 58, one sections one section ground in the filter chamber 156 is by fluidisation and upwards brought into back washing chamber 62.In back washing chamber 62, fluid is added in that whirlpool shape on the media particle flows and agitation movement discharges impurity from medium.These impurity are followed the center 166 of back washing fluid interior perforated cylinder 54 of 62 inflows from the back washing chamber, and flow out from end points 168.As can be seen, in the fluidisation process, check-valves cuts out the aperture on the filter assemblies housing 138 70, prevents that therefore a large amount of back washing fluids is radially outwards by outer perforated cylinder 60.In any case, by the impurity that the back washing fluid is taken out of, import the annular region 160 of its outside from the top 168 of interior perforated cylinder 54, enter joint 128 more therefrom.

Fig. 9 shows the design of the check-valves 150 in the perforated cylinder 54 in a kind of being fixed on.This check-valves 150 is made up of a slice dull and stereotyped 170, and a main aperture 172 is arranged on the flat board.Aperture 172 can clog with a ball 174 made from plastic cement or other similar buoyant materials.The buoyancy weight of each check-valve ball can be different.Do not show on the figure, drop downwards to prevent check-valve ball with cage or similar Design, and the major bore that by mistake will be positioned at the check-valves below it is sealed but the people who is familiar with check valve design technology understands preference.And on dull and stereotyped 170, one or more apertures 176 being arranged, they can not tacked by above-mentioned check-valve ball 174.The effect in these apertures 176 and front were carried, and be relevant with Fig. 3, and it is identical to be denoted as 66 aperture.Moreover, on check valve plate 170 percentage of open area in each aperture 176 preferably be fixed in the aperture percentage of open area of interior other check valve plates of perforated cylinder 58 different.

Figure 10 shows that another kind can be fixed on the design of the check valve plate 180 in the interior perforated cylinder 58.Different with the check valve plate 176 that shows among Fig. 9, the opening of the check valve plate 180 of Figure 10 has the limit 182 of uneven or indentation, to prevent check-valve ball 174 plate 180 is sealed.Even drop at ball 174 in the middle of the aperture of plate 180, the valve seat 182 of the out-of-flatness opening on this check valve plate 180 allows that liquid is from flowing through therebetween.

Figure 11 and 12 shows can use a kind of check-valves on the wall 140 of filter assemblies housing 138, especially aperture 70 associated among it and Fig. 8.The stopper 184 that this check-valves has an elastomeric material to do.This stopper has a planar section 186 and a bar 188.Cone shape or an enlarge head is arranged at the top of bar, and when mounted, the bar head can be along folk prescription to firmly being pressed into anchor hole 183, but be not easy after installing to take off.Fig. 1 l shows that also fluid flows along arrow 192 directions, and aperture 70 is closed by the plate part 186 of embolus, therefore prevents that fluid from flowing through filter assemblies housing 140.In Figure 12, fluid flows along arrow 194 directions, by aperture 70.Therefore, during filter operation week, the influent stream fluid can pass through aperture 70, enters in the space 162 that surrounds outer perforated cylinder (Fig. 8) 60.Though only show 2 apertures 70 on the figure, this design can be used more aperture, as long as they can be covered by the flat board 186 of resilient check-valves.The check-valves of other kinds can be fixed on the inwall of filter assemblies housing 140 by an end as elastic plate, and flat board can open or close according to the mobile direction of fluid, so its function is identical with check-valves.Be familiar with the people of this technology, may comply with its preference, use the mechanically operated or electronic inlet non-return valve of other kinds, with the interior perforated cylinder check-valves relevant with filter 120.

Figure 13 shows according to the another kind of radial filter device of principle of the present invention with the conception structure.Shown similar of the architectural characteristic of this filter assemblies 200 and Fig. 8.Between the outer perforated cylinder 60 and cylindrical shell 204 of this filter assemblies 200, the zero shape ring 202 of several rubber systems is arranged.Though in the design of Figure 13, only show four zero shape rings, appoint the zero shape ring of more number all can use.Each zero shape is encircled between the inwall to outer perforated cylinder 60 and housing 204 and is caused a sealing.Therefore, the effect of zero shape ring 202 is to change the flow direction of fluid in porous media 56.Fluid by porous media has sizable part to change over axial flow by Radial Flow.In addition, also produced extra axial forces in porous media inside.Use zero shape ring 202 may change check-valves 150 quantity that need, may also need on the wall of housing 204, adorn a leak 206.This leak can be contained in each zero shape interannular that adjoins, and liquid can be flowed in the porous media of each section or flow out.Can know that as us zero shape number of rings order and check-valves 150 port sizes, and the decision of the axial length of the every section of porous media must be able to guarantee to have suitable axial forces to be added on the porous media particle in the back washing cycle.

The filter assemblies 200 that shows among the figure also comprises flexure member 100.This flexure member 100 can with the aperture is arranged or does not have the check-valves 150 in aperture, and zero shape ring 202 merges and uses.The effect of this flexure member 100 is in order to concentrating the back washing fluid of perforated cylinder 54 in nearly all inflow, imports the area under each check-valves 150.This flexure member 100 makes the axial flow that exists in each porous media section increase to maximum.Show flexure member 100 among the figure in filter cycle, its outer wall surface is subjected to fluid pressure, and distortion is so that inwardly concave.

At last, filter assemblies 200 comprises a back washing outlet non-return valve 210.The not perforate part of perforated cylinder 54 in this outlet non-return valve 210 places is preferably in the bottom near filter assemblies 200.When being forced to open when the pressure that is subjected to the back washing fluid, this outlet non-return valve 210 give fluid from the inner space of interior perforated cylinder 54 to housing 204 and outside annular space 162 perforated cylinder 60 path is provided.Outlet non-return valve 210 allows that the back washing fluid flows out from the height below the filter chamber, and flows directly into the annular space 162 of outside, and needn't pass porous media 56 earlier.After in a single day the back washing fluid entered the annular space 162 of outside, it can flow out from leak 206, or through porous media 56 outflows and the back washing chamber 62 above the inflow.

Outlet non-return valve 210 is in the back washing cycle, also in order to sealing inlet check valve 184.This granule at porous media 56 has been full of pollutant, and allows that a spot of back washing fluid reaches useful under the situation of annular space 162 of outside.In addition, outlet non-return valve 210 provides the back washing fluid to outer ring-like space 162, enter in the porous media 56 by the extra fluid of zero shape ring, 202 guidings, and the fluidisation of help porous media 56.It returns the effect that outer ring-like space 162 provides a kind of fluid to clean, and therefore reduces desire is removed the required back washing fluid of impurity from porous media 56 flow significantly.This is because be trapped in the bigger impurity of particle on the screen cloth, is directly washed out and goes out from leak 206, and do not taken back in the porous media 56 and 62 flow out from the back washing chamber.The impurity that particle is bigger is directly discharged from leak 206, and therefore the particulate contamination that those particles can not pass the screen cloth that is coated on outer perforated cylinder 60 too greatly just has been removed fully.

A kind of alternative method is that all leaks 206 can be removed except topmost one, can walk around each zero shape ring and all add a vertical channel at each zero shape ring 202 to the upper reaches by the back washing fluid.In addition, to check-valves 150, the people who is familiar with this technology can design its replacement device, be included in flexure member 100 and itself form the aperture, and the part of permission flexure member is blocked the vertical channel in the interior perforated cylinder 54.We as can be seen filter assemblies 200 among Figure 13 some other characteristics also are provided.These characteristics may be considered to freely to select, but may be essential in some cases.The people who is familiar with this technology can find, can do suitable selection to produce best filtration and back washing effect to each different characteristics of these designs at different situations.And, though the front was generally only mentioned porous media 56 and was removed particulate material or impurity is relevant, the medium that also can select other kinds is to remove the solid of dissolving from liquid, make solid and liquid reciprocation, joint capacity is provided, even provides catalytic action for the liquid that is supplied to filter.In any case, filter according to disclosed principle and conception structure, no matter whether this filter uses as filter, the liquid of crossing medium to radial flow provides the surface area that increases, and it provides effective back washing operational capacity with medium fluidization.

Figure 14 a and Figure 14 b show another design of Radial Flow filter 220, and it combines the flexure member 222 of a perforation.The most handy a kind of flexible elastomeric material of this pouch makes, and its structure is suitable for bearing the pressure that may meet with in the filter, and can bear the kind by the fluid of desiring to be filtered and the back washing fluid of filter 220.This flexure member 222 can make tubulose.The baffle plate at the barrier liquid upper reaches in fixing flat board 224 is done in the perforated cylinder 54.

This flexure member 222 uses an aperture 226 according to certain pattern distribution to do the aperture, and the check-valves in aperture need not be housed, also the orifice structure of carrying without the front.The aperture 226 that forms on this flexure member near the topmost of medium 56, makes it can be by fluidisation in the back washing cycle.These apertures 226 can be made annular distribution in the uppermost section of flexure member 222.Several groups of aperture 230-236 subsequently are formed on the flexure member.The diameter in every group of aperture of numbering 230-236 increases with its distance to baffle plate 224.Arrange with this, the function in these apertures in groups, the effect of the orifice structure of narrating with the front relevant with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is closely similar.The change of the aperture area in the aperture of each group can be reached with diverse ways.For example uppermost that group aperture 226 can comprise that what preestablish number of openings is the aperture of first diameter.Same number can be used in second group aperture 228, but the big slightly aperture of diameter is formed.Every group of aperture 230-236 under connecing can form with the aperture that diameter strengthens gradually.One of flexible method be that the identical aperture of diameter is used in every group aperture, but the number of aperture with little number of aperture 226 usefulness, and the number of aperture increases according to aperture to the distance of baffle plate 224 and change greatly.Be familiar with the people of this kind technology, can design many other arrangements, to obtain a kind of orifice structure that can promote the porous media fluidization.

A bit very important being worth mentioning arranged, and the manufacturing of the aperture 226-236 of each group must be alignd with the corresponding aperture on the interior perforated cylinder 54.So, the back washing fluid just can flow through aperture on the flexure member 222 and the aperture on the interior perforated cylinder, and enters porous media 56.As in nethermost that group aperture 236, to such an extent as to the suitable big liquid that was filtered of its opening therein by the time, can not produce detectable pressure differential.

Figure 14 a shows the operation of Radial Flow filter assemblies 220 in filter cycle.In this cycle, the influent stream fluid enters filter assemblies 220 along direction shown in the arrow 240, and enters the top of porous media 56 tubing strings.Yet most fluid will flow through the check-valves 184 of unlatching and radially flow through each zone of porous media 56.Each zone is that other zero shape ring 202 is separated promoting the fluidisation processes in back washing cycle by each, owing to be subjected to the pressure of desiring the fluid that is filtered that radial flow is crossed medium 56, the flexible element sidewall is forced to curve inwardly and shows as Figure 14 a.In filter cycle, though some fluid that filters, by the aperture of each group, most fluid will be by that group aperture 236 of opening maximum and inherent filtration device assembly discharge shown in arrow 232.

The operation of Figure 14 b display filter assembly 220 in the back washing cycle.In the back washing cycle, the back washing fluid enters filter assemblies along arrow 244 directions.The back washing fluid enters the inner space of flexure member 222, the inner surface plus-pressure of therefore internal perforated cylinder 54.The back washing fluid is stressed by that group aperture, shown in arrow 246.Then, the back washing fluid flows into porous media 56 with mode that medium was carried according to front fluidisation in addition.In the back washing cycle, check-valves 184 be close to promote porous media 56 each section to make segmentation fluidisation continuously.At last, back washing fluid band impurity and the fine particle shape material that discharges 220 discharges along the direction shown in the arrow 248 from filter assemblies.

Figure 15 a and 15b show the design of another kind of Radial Flow filter, and this filter is operated in opposite mode.This design is particularly suitable for the lighter application of using of the bigger or general weight of media particle.In filter cycle, shown in Figure 15 a, a kind of liquid (preferably not being the influent stream fluid) that porous media is sunk is pumped in the filter assemblies 250 according to direction shown in the arrow 252.The tractive force that this fluid bestows for porous media 56 makes the medium pearl upwards be mentioned top to the filter chamber.Each check-valves 150 in being fixed in back washing chamber 62 in the perforated cylinder 54 is all cutting out, and the check-valves 150 that is positioned at filter chamber 150 is all opened.In case after all porous medias 56 were all carried into the filter chamber by this sinking liquid, the adjustment of a valve system (showing among the figure) promptly can begin, and makes the influent stream fluid enter filter assemblies 250 shown in arrow 252.And this influent stream fluid can be along direction shown in the arrow 254, by the inlet check valve of opening 184.Influent stream liquid enters the inner space of interior perforated cylinder 54 more radially by medium 56 via the check-valves of opening 150.At last, filter good influent stream fluid and leave filter assemblies 250 along the direction shown in the arrow 256.

Figure 15 b shows the operation of this reverse filtration device assembly 259 in the back washing cycle.During back washing week, 56 of porous medias are allowed by the gravity effect and are deposited in the filter chamber of filter assemblies bottom.Below top filter chamber moves to during the back washing chamber, the particle of medium is separated from one another at filter media 56, and impurity is from removing therebetween.The check-valves of granular material and the impurity unlatching by being positioned at perforated cylinder 54 belows is taken out of filter assemblies 250 by the back washing fluid along arrow 260 directions.Under the situation that the tubing string of porous media 56 can down not move because of gravity, the back washing fluid enters filter assemblies 250 by arrow 262 directions and produces the medium of carrying the front and divide section continuous fluidisation phenomenon.

Though it is relevant that we only disclose the present invention at a kind of special Radial Flow filter, preferred design and the assembly that reaches other, but must understand, the details of some design and constructions must be according to the consideration on the engineering, in violation of a right does not require, under the situation about spirit of the present invention and scope of definition, do essential modification.Positively, to the personage that this technology is known, possible preference is only utilized certain part of characteristics disclosed in this invention, or utilizes other characteristics among many different embodiment, and obtains its indivedual or mix advantage.

Claims (23)

1. device with medium fluidization, it comprises:

A kind of medium that acts on mutually with the influent stream fluid;

One defines first Room is used for holding above-mentioned medium, so that fluid can be radially

By this medium, and interactional with it therein supporting construction;

A kind of direct fluid is to medium and make its import of radially flowing through this medium knot

Structure;

A fluidisation chamber, it is different from the first above-mentioned Room, and nearly all medium is at stream

All be brought to this chamber in the body process, there is enough big volume this fluidisation chamber, makes Jie

Matter can be separated into particle one by one after first Room is taken this fluidisation chamber to, and

And this chamber have have the residue that allows the fragmentation that is filtered off by but the particle of medium not

The end of the aperture that can pass through.

2. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the aspect ratio medium of fluidisation chamber residing height when medium and the interactive operation of fluid is big.

3. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the volume of fluidisation chamber is approximately identical with the volume size of first Room that holds described medium when medium and the fluid reciprocation.

4. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: its structure is to make above-mentioned medium in axial direction be taken to described fluidisation chamber in the fluidisation operating process.

5. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: supporting construction comprise a pair of concentric supporting construction and the inner supporting structure that is fixed therein on one or several orifice structures with restriction influent stream fluid flowing in described inner supporting structure.

6. according to the device of claim 5, it is characterized in that: orifice structure is drilled with aperture by a slice flat board and constitutes.

7. according to the device of claim 5, it is characterized in that: orifice structure is made up of a kind of check-valves.

8. according to the device of claim 5, it is characterized in that: the effective vent area of first orifice structure and the aperture area of other orifice structure are unequal.

9. device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that: the effective vent area of every group of orifice structure reduces gradually by the order of the aperture from fluid inlet to the fluidisation chamber.

10. according to the device of claim 5, it is characterized in that: comprise also that in addition a baffle plate that is fixed within the said inner supporting structure flows through vertically to stop the fluidisation fluid, thereby make fluid pass through medium from inner supporting structure.

11. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: supporting construction comprises a pair of concentric structure, and the structure of this device will make the influent stream fluid during itself and medium interact, axially inwardly by that supporting construction of outside in those two concentric supporting constructions, and in fluidisation operating period, fluidised fluid can not pass through said based on external supporting structure continuously.

12. device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: medium is in the annulus that is contained between the dwell of cam of said two concentric supporting constructions therein, this annulus has a radial dimension, and its space that is characterized as of fluidisation chamber is the bigger annular space of radial dimension.

13. the device according to right 1 is characterized in that: described device comprises a filter, and described medium comprises granular particle.

14. the device according to claim 13 is characterized in that: said fluidisation chamber comprises a back washing chamber.

15. one kind makes medium and fluid interaction and makes the method for medium fluidization, the method comprises following step:

Medium is supported in first space;

Make the influent stream fluid radially flow through medium;

With influent stream fluid and medium interaction;

Medium is sent to second space, makes medium be separated into particle there, therefore make Jie

Matter is by fluidisation;

In the fluidisation process, the broken material that filters out is taken out of from said second space,

But stop medium to pass through from this second space.

16. the method according to claim 15 is characterized in that: also comprise make medium in the fluidisation process along axially-movable.

17. the method according to claim 16 is characterized in that: comprise also medium is sent to a fluidisation chamber that this fluidisation chamber and said first space are inequality.

18. the method according to claim 15 is characterized in that: also comprise by medium being sent to said second space with this medium fluidization.

19. the method according to claim 18 is characterized in that: also be included in the different time periods, the medium of different piece fluidisation continuously successively.

20. the method according to claim 19 is characterized in that: also be included in the said continuous fluid program, the particle of the medium of every part is bestowed much at one tractive force.

21. the method according to claim 18 is characterized in that: also comprise the flow velocity that reduces fluidisation liquid because of the whole fluidised results of medium.

22. the method according to claim 21 is characterized in that: also comprise by making fluidised medium productive set reduce the flow velocity of fluidisation fluid at a fluidisation fluid outlet area.

23. method according to claim 19, it is characterized in that: also comprise medium is contained within first space that two concentric interior perforated cylinders and outer perforated cylinder defined, said outer perforated cylinder is wrapped in the columnar housing, and be isolated in the annular region that limits between said outer perforated cylinder and the cylindrical shell by one or more zero shape rings.

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