CN108011144B - A kind of recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
A kind of recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN108011144B CN108011144B CN201711053756.2A CN201711053756A CN108011144B CN 108011144 B CN108011144 B CN 108011144B CN 201711053756 A CN201711053756 A CN 201711053756A CN 108011144 B CN108011144 B CN 108011144B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of recovery processing techniques of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery, include the following steps: will the tertiary cathode material that recycled, ternary hydroxide persursor material, compound lithium salts mixed with metal oxide after dress alms bowl compacting, successively carry out stripping and slicing, pre-burning, secondary pre-burning, it is once sintered, double sintering, the tertiary cathode material handled after broken classification.The ternary material that the present invention can prepare well-crystallized, partial size is normal, cation-anion co-doping is miscellaneous can promote the partial size and tap density of ternary material, while improving ternary material processing performance, can be obviously improved the chemical property of ternary material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium ion, and in particular to a kind of recycling of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery
Treatment process.
Background technique
Tertiary cathode material nickel-cobalt lithium manganate material (LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2) or nickel cobalt aluminic acid lithium material
(LiNixCoyAl1-x-yO2) the advantages of preferably combining three kinds of lithium nickelate, cobalt acid lithium and LiMn2O4 positive electrodes, evade each
From the shortcomings that, have many advantages, such as that energy density height, good cycle, security performance and high rate performance are preferable, and resource is more rich
Rich, moderate cost, is considered as the hot-candidate of power battery anode material.
The mainstream production technology of ternary material is after lithium salts is mixed with spherical ternary hydroxide presoma, to carry out high at present
Temperature sinters phase into, then is crushed, criticizes mixed, sieving, except finished product is obtained after magnetic, packaging, and partial power battery material also have passed through
Surface coating decoration is modified.In the crushing process of material, Part-spherical ternary finished-product material is by overcrushing, typical performance
Diameter of particle is crushed into irregular particle less than 2 microns or even Part-spherical particle.These are by the ternary material of overcrushing
Fine powder influences the tap density and specific surface area of ternary material, and the slurry also influenced in subsequent pole piece manufacturing process closes slurry, roller
The series of processes such as pressure, cutting, baking, final energy density, cycle performance, security performance and the storge quality for influencing battery core
Deng.Therefore, to ensure ternary material performance, the general processing mode of ternary material fine powder in production process is after separating as useless
Material processing, or associated materials returned enterprise is given at a low price, improve ternary material production cost.
In order to preferably solve the problems, such as that ternary material fine powder, Chinese patent CN106450553A disclose a kind of liquid phase processing
Technique: by fine powder and fluxing agent and solvent mixed layer slurry, the spray-dried spherical powder that obtains is sintered again.It is helping
Under flux auxiliary, the primary particle of ternary material is grown up again, improves its processing performance and chemical property.But this technique is liquid
Phase processor technique, and spray drying process is increased, technique is more complex and production cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
Technical problems based on background technology, the invention proposes a kind of returning for ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery
Treatment process is received, the ternary material that the present invention can prepare well-crystallized, partial size is normal, cation-anion co-doping is miscellaneous can be promoted
The partial size and tap density of ternary material can be obviously improved the electricity of ternary material while improving ternary material processing performance
Chemical property.
A kind of recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery proposed by the present invention, include the following steps: by
Tertiary cathode material, ternary hydroxide persursor material, compound lithium salts and the metal oxide of recycling use high-speed mixer
Dry mixed uniformly dress alms bowl compacting afterwards, successively carries out stripping and slicing, a pre-burning, secondary pre-burning, and once sintered, double sintering is crushed
The tertiary cathode material handled after classification；
Preferably, the tertiary cathode material of the recycling is nickel-cobalt lithium manganate material (LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2) or nickel cobalt aluminium
Sour lithium material (LiNixCoyAl1-x-yO2), partial size is not more than 2um, and the ternary hydroxide persursor material is
NiaCobMn1-a-b(OH)2Or NiaCobAl1-a-b(OH)2, and a=x, b=y.
Preferably, the compound lithium salts includes lithium chloride.
Preferably, the molar content of lithium chloride (being calculated with lithium) is 0.2-2% in the compound lithium salts.
Preferably, the compound lithium salts further includes at least one of lithium nitrate, lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium acetate.
Preferably, when in compound lithium salts including lithium carbonate, the molar content of lithium carbonate (being calculated with lithium) is not more than 55%.
Preferably, the metal oxide is selected from least one of aluminium oxide, magnesia, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide.
Preferably, the tertiary cathode material (with the calculating of non-lithium metal) and ternary hydroxide persursor material of the recycling
The molar ratio of (being calculated with metal) is 1:3-9.
Preferably, the ternary hydroxide persursor material (being calculated with metal), compound lithium salts (being calculated with lithium) and gold
The molar ratio for belonging to oxide (calculating with metal) is 1:1.02-1.1:0.005-0.03.
Preferably, the temperature of a pre-burning is not less than the eutectic point of compound lithium salts, is not higher than 550 DEG C, and the time is
2-6h。
Preferably, the temperature of the secondary pre-burning is 550-700 DEG C, time 3-6h.
Preferably, the once sintered temperature is 730-1100 DEG C, time 0.5-2h.
Preferably, the temperature of the double sintering is 700-1000 DEG C, time 10-24h.
The recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery provided by the invention has the beneficial effect that
(1) there are the characteristics of eutectic point using compound lithium salts by the present invention, and increase before second of conventional pre-burning not low
In low temperature presintering stage first time of compound lithium salts eutectic point, realizes the congruent melting of compound lithium salts and infiltrate other raw materials, it can be effective
Mixture homogeneity between improving material, and promote raw material diffusion and lattice growth, ternary material partial size is promoted, material electrification is improved
Learn performance.
(2) increase first time short time high temperature sintering stage before second of normal sintering, be able to ascend diffusion effect, promote
Ternary material lattice growth increases material particle size, and does not influence ternary material final performance.
(3) by the introducing of lithium chloride and nano-metal-oxide in compound lithium salts, the anion of ternary material is realized
It is codoping modified with cation.
(4) recovery process of the invention is easy, low in cost, and high production efficiency is suitble to industrialized production；It can prepare
Well-crystallized, the ternary material that partial size is normal, cation-anion co-doping is miscellaneous can promote the partial size and tap density of ternary material,
While improving ternary material processing performance, the chemical property of ternary material can be obviously improved.
Specific embodiment
In the following, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery is including the following steps: the ternary that will be recycled just
Pole material, ternary hydroxide persursor material, compound lithium salts and metal oxide are uniform using high-speed mixer dry mixed
Dress alms bowl compacting afterwards, successively carries out stripping and slicing, a pre-burning, secondary pre-burning, once sintered, double sintering, is crushed after classification everywhere
The tertiary cathode material of reason.
Embodiment 2
A kind of recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery is including the following steps: the ternary that will be recycled just
Pole material, ternary hydroxide persursor material, compound lithium salts and metal oxide are uniform using high-speed mixer dry mixed
Dress alms bowl compacting afterwards, successively carries out stripping and slicing, a pre-burning, secondary pre-burning, once sintered, double sintering, is crushed after classification everywhere
The tertiary cathode material of reason；
Wherein, the tertiary cathode material of the recycling is LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2, partial size be not more than 2um, described three
First hydroxide precursor material is Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3(OH)2；
The molar composition ratio example of the compound lithium salts (being calculated using lithium) is lithium chloride: lithium hydroxide: lithium nitrate=1:49:
50；
The metal oxide is zirconium oxide；
The tertiary cathode material (with the calculating of non-lithium metal) of the recycling, ternary hydroxide persursor material is (with transition
Metal calculates), the molar ratio of compound lithium salts (being calculated with lithium) and zirconium oxide (being calculated with zirconium) be 1:3:3.3:0.09；
The temperature of pre-burning is 240 DEG C, time 6h；
The temperature of the secondary pre-burning is 550 DEG C, time 3h；
The once sintered temperature is 1100 DEG C, time 1.5h；
The temperature of the double sintering is 1000 DEG C, time 15h.
Embodiment 3
A kind of recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery is including the following steps: the ternary that will be recycled just
Pole material, ternary hydroxide persursor material, compound lithium salts and metal oxide are uniform using high-speed mixer dry mixed
Dress alms bowl compacting afterwards, successively carries out stripping and slicing, a pre-burning, secondary pre-burning, once sintered, double sintering, is crushed after classification everywhere
The tertiary cathode material of reason；
Wherein, the tertiary cathode material of the recycling is LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2, partial size be not more than 2um, described three
First hydroxide precursor material is Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2；
The molar composition ratio example of the compound lithium salts (being calculated using lithium) is lithium chloride: lithium nitrate: lithium carbonate=0.2:44.8:
55；
The metal oxide is aluminium oxide；
The tertiary cathode material (with the calculating of non-lithium metal) of the recycling, ternary hydroxide persursor material is (with transition
Metal calculates), the molar ratio of compound lithium salts (being calculated with lithium) and aluminium oxide (being calculated with aluminium) be 1:4:4.2:0.02；
The temperature of pre-burning is 550 DEG C, time 4h；
The temperature of the secondary pre-burning is 700 DEG C, time 3h；
The once sintered temperature is 960 DEG C, time 2h；
The temperature of the double sintering is 900 DEG C, time 10h.
Embodiment 4
A kind of recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery is including the following steps: the ternary that will be recycled just
Pole material, ternary hydroxide persursor material, compound lithium salts and metal oxide are uniform using high-speed mixer dry mixed
Dress alms bowl compacting afterwards, successively carries out stripping and slicing, a pre-burning, secondary pre-burning, once sintered, double sintering, is crushed after classification everywhere
The tertiary cathode material of reason；
Wherein, the tertiary cathode material of the recycling is LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2, partial size be not more than 2um, described three
First hydroxide precursor material is Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2(OH)2；
The molar composition ratio example of the compound lithium salts (being calculated using lithium) is lithium chloride: lithium acetate: lithium hydroxide=2:30:
68；
The metal oxide is magnesia；
The tertiary cathode material (with the calculating of non-lithium metal) of the recycling, ternary hydroxide persursor material is (with transition
Metal calculates), the molar ratio of compound lithium salts (being calculated with lithium) and magnesia (being calculated with magnesium) be 1:9:9.36:0.15；
The temperature of pre-burning is 260 DEG C, time 3h；
The temperature of the secondary pre-burning is 650 DEG C, time 6h；
The once sintered temperature is 925 DEG C, time 0.5h；
The temperature of the double sintering is 825 DEG C, time 18h.
Embodiment 5
A kind of recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery is including the following steps: the ternary that will be recycled just
Pole material, ternary hydroxide persursor material, compound lithium salts and metal oxide are uniform using high-speed mixer dry mixed
Dress alms bowl compacting afterwards, successively carries out stripping and slicing, a pre-burning, secondary pre-burning, once sintered, double sintering, is crushed after classification everywhere
The tertiary cathode material of reason；
Wherein, the tertiary cathode material of the recycling is LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, partial size be not more than 2um, described three
First hydroxide precursor material is Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2；
The molar composition ratio example of the compound lithium salts (being calculated using lithium) is lithium chloride: lithium hydroxide: lithium carbonate=0.5:
74.5:25；
The metal oxide is titanium oxide；
The tertiary cathode material (with the calculating of non-lithium metal) of the recycling, ternary hydroxide persursor material is (with transition
Metal calculates), the molar ratio of compound lithium salts (being calculated with lithium) and titanium oxide (being calculated with titanium) be 1:6:6.12:0.02；
The temperature of pre-burning is 450 DEG C, time 2h；
The temperature of the secondary pre-burning is 600 DEG C, time 4h；
The once sintered temperature is 800 DEG C, time 1h；
The temperature of the double sintering is 720 DEG C, and the time is for 24 hours.
Embodiment 6
A kind of recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery is including the following steps: the ternary that will be recycled just
Pole material, ternary hydroxide persursor material, compound lithium salts and metal oxide are uniform using high-speed mixer dry mixed
Dress alms bowl compacting afterwards, successively carries out stripping and slicing, a pre-burning, secondary pre-burning, once sintered, double sintering, is crushed after classification everywhere
The tertiary cathode material of reason；
Wherein, the tertiary cathode material of the recycling is LiNi0.86Co0.1Al0.04O2, partial size be not more than 2um, described three
First hydroxide precursor material is Ni0.86Co0.1Al0.04(OH)2；
The molar composition ratio example of the compound lithium salts (being calculated using lithium) is lithium chloride: lithium hydroxide: lithium acetate=0.6:60:
39.4；
The metal oxide is zirconium oxide；
The tertiary cathode material (with the calculating of non-lithium metal) of the recycling, ternary hydroxide persursor material is (with transition
Metal calculates), the molar ratio of compound lithium salts (being calculated with lithium) and metal oxide (being calculated with zirconium) be 1:8:8.32:0.04；
The temperature of pre-burning is 430 DEG C, time 4h；
The temperature of the secondary pre-burning is 600 DEG C, time 3h；
The once sintered temperature is 730 DEG C, time 1.5h；
The temperature of the double sintering is 700 DEG C, time 15h.
Test example 1
Powder granularity analysis test, tap density test are carried out respectively to the ternary material in embodiment 2-6 before and after the processing,
Chemical property is characterized by the test of CR2016 button cell；Wherein, the production and test method of the button cell are as follows:
CR2016 button half-cell is prepared in the glove box full of argon gas, wherein pole piece proportion is active material: conductive agent acetylene
Black: binder Kynoar PVDF=8:1:1, lithium piece are used as to electrode, and half-cell charge and discharge section is 2.5-4.3V, 0.1C
After charge and discharge cycles 3 times, then carry out the cycle performance test under 1C.As a result as follows:
As can be seen from the above table, after recovery process processing of the invention, the particle of different types of ternary material
Diameter (D50 and D100) all significantly increases, and tap density is greatly promoted, and the cycle performance of material also obtains significantly
Improve.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery, which comprises the steps of: will recycle
Tertiary cathode material, ternary hydroxide persursor material, compound lithium salts mixed with metal oxide after dress alms bowl compacting, successively
Carry out stripping and slicing, a pre-burning, secondary pre-burning, once sintered, double sintering, the tertiary cathode material handled after broken classification
Material；
Wherein, the temperature of a pre-burning is not less than the eutectic point of compound lithium salts, is not higher than 550 DEG C, time 2-6h；
Wherein, the once sintered temperature is 730-1100 DEG C, time 0.5-2h；The temperature of the double sintering is 700-
1000 DEG C, time 10-24h.
2. the recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described time
The tertiary cathode material of receipts is nickel-cobalt lithium manganate material LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2Or nickel cobalt aluminic acid lithium material LiNixCoyAl1-x- yO2, for partial size no more than 2um, the ternary hydroxide persursor material is NiaCobMn1-a-b(OH)2Or NiaCobAl1-a-b
(OH)2, and a=x, b=y.
3. the recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described multiple
Closing lithium salts includes lithium chloride；Lithium chloride is 0.2-2% with the molar content that lithium calculates in the compound lithium salts.
4. according to claim 1 or the recovery processing technique of 3 ternary cathode material of lithium ion batteries, which is characterized in that institute
Stating compound lithium salts further includes at least one of lithium nitrate, lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium acetate；When in compound lithium salts include carbon
When sour lithium, the molar content that lithium carbonate is calculated with lithium is no more than 55%.
5. the recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gold
Belong to oxide and is selected from least one of aluminium oxide, magnesia, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide.
6. the recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described time
The tertiary cathode material of receipts calculates the molar ratio calculated with ternary hydroxide persursor material with metal with non-lithium metal as 1:
3-9。
7. the recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described three
The molar ratio that first hydroxide precursor material is calculated with metal, compound lithium salts is calculated with lithium and metal oxide is calculated with metal
Example is 1:1.02-1.1:0.005-0.03.
8. the recovery processing technique of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described two
The temperature of secondary pre-burning is 550-700 DEG C, time 3-6h.
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| CN109494364A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-19 | 浙江德升新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of spherical nickel cobalt manganese ternary material |
| CN110233305A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-13 | 武汉大学 | A kind of fused salt regeneration activating method of waste and old lithium ion battery tertiary cathode material |
| KR102538415B1 (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2023-06-01 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Method for preparing positive electrode active material for lithium secondary battery, positive electrode comprising the positive electrode active material prepared by the same and lithium secondary battery |
| CN112234272B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-02-18 | 华中科技大学 | Low-energy-consumption and low-Al-content recovery method for lithium iron phosphate positive plate |
| CN113060777B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2023-05-02 | 南通瑞翔新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of high-compaction ternary monocrystal material |
| CN114988488A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-02 | 合肥融捷能源材料有限公司 | Application of lithium cobaltate fine powder in preparation of lithium cobaltate positive electrode material |
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