CN108010253B - Flame detection method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flame detection method and a flame detection device, and belongs to the technical field of flame detection. The flame detection method of the present invention includes: respectively acquiring a main detection channel signal and a reference channel signal; preprocessing the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal; respectively calculating the energy and frequency of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal to obtain main detection channel energy, main detection channel frequency, reference channel energy, reference channel frequency and reference channel passing frequency; respectively comparing the energy of the main detection channel with the energy of the reference channel, the frequency of the main detection channel with the frequency of the reference channel and the passing frequency of the reference channel to obtain a comparison result; and comprehensively analyzing the comparison result to obtain a detection result. The flame detection method is simple and efficient, interference signals are removed through preprocessing, multi-channel detection signals are adopted, and multi-angle evaluation analysis parameters are calculated, so that analysis is comprehensive, and judgment is accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flame detection method and a flame detection device, and belongs to the technical field of flame detection.
Background
With the continuous development of flame detection technology, various flame detection systems have been developed. Ultraviolet, infrared and red-ultraviolet compounding, images, image and infrared compounding and the like are common. Compared with other fire detection systems, the flame detection system is more suitable for occasions with large space, open fire in the early stage of fire and the need of taking measures for the fire quickly. The flame spectrum generated by the substance in the combustion process has energy radiation from infrared, visible light to ultraviolet wave bands, but the infrared radiation is mainly used, which is the reason of the blazing and redness of the flame during the combustion of the substance, and the flame generates an infrared radiation peak value near the 4.3um wave band, and the flame detectors with a plurality of wave bands are used for detecting fire information, so that the flame information can be detected as much as possible. The main parameters of the current flame detection system are (1) the energy of received radiation signals; (2) flame flicker signature frequency; (3) the duration of time. For signal energy, conventional algorithms calculate signal strength either by hardware integration circuits or by accumulation of absolute values of the amplitude of the sampled levels. For the flame flicker characteristic frequency, the traditional algorithm either counts the frequency through a comparator or calculates the frequency through a software corner check period. However, because the input signal is a random irregular waveform including an environmental background signal and a flame signal, a fire signal model obtained by the traditional algorithm is not accurate enough and is greatly influenced by the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flame detection method and a flame detection device, the method obtains main detection channel signals and reference channel signals, carries out pretreatment and calculation to obtain main detection channel energy, main detection channel frequency, reference channel energy, reference channel frequency and reference channel passing frequency, compares the energy and frequency parameters and finally analyzes to obtain detection results, the method is simple and efficient, interference signals are removed through pretreatment, and multi-channel detection signals are adopted to calculate multi-angle evaluation analysis parameters so that the analysis is comprehensive and the judgment is accurate.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a method of flame detection, comprising:
respectively acquiring a main detection channel signal and a reference channel signal;
preprocessing the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal;
respectively calculating the energy and frequency of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal to obtain main detection channel energy, main detection channel frequency, reference channel energy and reference channel frequency;
dynamically calculating the number of signals of which the amplitude threshold value of the reference channel signal is greater than the amplitude threshold value of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and counting to obtain the passing frequency of the reference channel;
respectively comparing the energy of the main detection channel with the energy of the reference channel, the frequency of the main detection channel with the frequency of the reference channel and the passing frequency of the reference channel to obtain a comparison result;
and comprehensively analyzing the comparison result to obtain a detection result.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of preprocessing the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessed signal includes:
filtering the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel filtering signal;
and smoothing the main detection channel filtering signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the energy and frequency of the main detection channel pre-processed signal and the reference channel signal, respectively, comprises:
calculating the energy of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal;
calculating the frequency of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal;
and dynamically calculating the number of the signals of which the amplitude threshold value of the reference channel signal is greater than the amplitude threshold value of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and counting to obtain the passing frequency of the reference channel.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the step of comparing the main detection channel energy and the reference channel energy and the main detection channel frequency and the reference channel frequency respectively to obtain a comparison result comprises:
comparing whether the energy ratio of the main detection channel energy and the reference channel energy is greater than a first threshold value;
comparing whether the frequencies of the main detection channel frequency and the reference channel frequency are equal;
comparing whether the main detection channel frequency is within a first frequency range;
comparing whether the reference channel passing frequency is equal to a second threshold value.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the step of comprehensively analyzing the comparison result to obtain the detection result comprises:
when the energy ratio of the energy of the main detection channel to the energy of the reference channel is greater than a first threshold value, the frequencies of the frequency of the main detection channel and the frequency of the reference channel are not equal, the frequency of the main detection channel is in a first frequency range, and the passing frequency of the reference channel is equal to a second threshold value, the detection result is that flame exists;
and when the energy ratio of the energy of the main detection channel and the energy of the reference channel is less than or equal to a first threshold value, or the frequency of the main detection channel frequency and the frequency of the reference channel frequency are equal, or the main detection channel frequency is not in a first frequency range, or the reference channel passing frequency is greater than a second threshold value, the flame is detected to be absent.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first threshold is 3, the first frequency range is [3,25], and the second threshold is 0.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a flame detection device, including:
the acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring a main detection channel signal and a reference channel signal;
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal;
the calculation module is used for calculating the energy and the frequency of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal respectively to obtain the main detection channel energy, the main detection channel frequency, the reference channel energy and the reference channel frequency;
dynamically calculating the number of signals of which the amplitude threshold value of the reference channel signal is greater than the amplitude threshold value of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and counting to obtain the passing frequency of the reference channel;
and the comparison module is used for respectively comparing the energy of the main detection channel with the energy of the reference channel, the frequency of the main detection channel with the frequency of the reference channel and the passing frequency of the reference channel to obtain a comparison result.
And the analysis module is used for comprehensively analyzing the comparison result to obtain a detection result.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the preprocessing module comprises:
the filtering unit is used for filtering the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel filtering signal;
and the smoothing unit is used for smoothing the main detection channel filtering signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the calculation module comprises:
the first calculation unit is used for calculating the energy of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal;
a second calculating unit, configured to calculate frequencies of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal;
and the third calculating unit is used for dynamically calculating the number of the signals of which the amplitude threshold value of the reference channel signal is greater than the amplitude threshold value of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and counting to obtain the passing frequency of the reference channel.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the comparison module comprises:
a first comparing unit for comparing whether the energy ratio of the main detection channel energy and the reference channel energy is greater than a first threshold value;
a second comparison unit for determining whether the frequencies of the main detection channel frequency and the reference channel frequency are equal;
a third comparison unit for comparing whether the main detection channel frequency is within a first frequency range;
a fourth comparison unit for comparing whether the reference channel passing frequency is equal to a second threshold.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the flame detection method comprises the steps of obtaining a main detection channel signal and a reference channel signal, preprocessing and calculating to obtain main detection channel energy, main detection channel frequency, reference channel energy, reference channel frequency and reference channel passing frequency, and comparing the energy and frequency parameters to obtain a detection result through final analysis. The flame detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple and efficient, interference signals are removed through preprocessing, and multi-channel detection signals are adopted to calculate multi-angle evaluation analysis parameters, so that the analysis is comprehensive and the judgment is accurate. The flame detection method has the advantages of high enough sampling rate, complete signal reduction waveform, dynamic calculation of the reference value, elimination of errors caused by static offset, reduction of environmental influence and individual difference, and improvement of adaptability of products in different environments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart diagram of one embodiment of a flame detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart diagram of another embodiment of a flame detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of the flame detection device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a flame detection signal sample of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a waveform of one embodiment of the energy and frequency of the main detection channel and the reference channel in the presence of a detected flame of the present invention, where v is the reference channel frequency, o is the main detection channel frequency, and x is the reference channel pass frequency;
FIG. 6 is a waveform of an embodiment of the energy and frequency of the main detection channel and the reference channel in the absence of a detection flame of the present invention, where v is the reference channel frequency, o is the main detection channel frequency, and x is the reference channel pass frequency.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In one aspect, as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flame detection method, including:
step 100: respectively acquiring a main detection channel signal and a reference channel signal;
step 200: preprocessing the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal;
step 300: respectively calculating the energy and frequency of the preprocessing signal of the main detection channel and the signal of the reference channel to obtain the energy of the main detection channel, the frequency of the main detection channel, the energy of the reference channel, the frequency of the reference channel and the passing frequency of the reference channel;
step 400: respectively comparing the energy of the main detection channel with the energy of the reference channel, the frequency of the main detection channel with the frequency of the reference channel and the passing frequency of the reference channel to obtain comparison results;
step 500: and comprehensively analyzing the comparison result to obtain a detection result.
According to the flame detection method, the main detection channel signal and the reference channel signal are obtained, preprocessing is carried out, calculation is carried out to obtain the main detection channel energy, the main detection channel frequency, the reference channel energy, the reference channel frequency and the reference channel passing frequency, and the energy and frequency parameters are compared to obtain a detection result through final analysis. The flame detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple and efficient, interference signals are removed through preprocessing, and multi-channel detection signals are adopted to calculate multi-angle evaluation analysis parameters, so that the analysis is comprehensive and the judgment is accurate.
As an illustration of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the step 200 of the embodiment of the present invention includes:
step 201: filtering the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel filtering signal;
step 202: and smoothing the main detection channel filtering signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal.
According to the flame detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the high-frequency interference is filtered by filtering and smoothing the main detection channel signal.
As another illustration of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the step 300 of the embodiment of the present invention includes:
step 301: calculating the energy of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal;
step 302: calculating the frequency of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal;
step 303: and dynamically calculating the number of signals of which the amplitude threshold value of the reference channel signal is greater than the amplitude threshold value of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and counting to obtain the passing frequency of the reference channel.
The embodiment of the invention adopts an integral algorithm of a root mean square value for calculating the signal energy. The root mean square value of each signal is set as An, the window width, namely the value n, is dynamically adjusted according to the signal period, and the energy value of 1 second is obtained through accumulation and summation according to the time length of 1 s. For example: as shown in fig. 4, the window has 4 waveforms in 1 second, which are: n1, n2, n3, n4, the energy in 1 second is
E＝An1*n1+An2*n2+An3*n3+An4*n4；
n1＝46300–46000；
n2＝46500-46300；
n3＝46800-46500；
n4＝47000-46800；
n1 corresponds to 300 sampling points, n2 corresponds to 200 sampling points, n3 corresponds to 300 sampling points, n4 corresponds to 200 sampling points, and n1+ n2+ n3+ n4 corresponds to exactly 1000 sampling points for 1 second.
In the embodiment of the invention, a dynamic calculation method is adopted for calculating the amplitude threshold of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the amplitude threshold of the reference channel signal, the 1-second root mean square value of the dynamically calculated channel signal is set as the amplitude threshold, and when the amplitude threshold of the reference channel signal is smaller than the amplitude threshold of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, the counting of the passing frequency of the reference channel is increased by 0; when the amplitude threshold value of the reference channel signal is greater than or equal to the amplitude threshold value of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, adding 1 to the count of the passing frequency of the reference channel; the reference channel pass frequency is obtained by calculating the dominant frequencies contributing to the signal energy.
The flame detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the sampling rate is high enough, the signal reduction waveform is complete, the reference value is dynamically calculated, the error caused by static offset is removed, the environmental influence and the individual difference are reduced, and the adaptability of the product in different environments is improved.
As another illustration of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the step 400 of the embodiment of the present invention includes:
step 401: comparing whether the energy ratio of the energy of the main detection channel and the energy of the reference channel is larger than a first threshold value;
step 402: comparing whether the frequency of the main detection channel frequency is equal to that of the reference channel frequency;
step 403: comparing whether the frequency of the main detection channel is in a first frequency range;
step 404: comparing whether the reference channel passing frequency is equal to a second threshold value.
As another illustration of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the step 500 of the embodiment of the present invention includes:
when the energy ratio of the energy of the main detection channel to the energy of the reference channel is greater than a first threshold value, the frequency of the main detection channel is not equal to the frequency of the reference channel, the frequency of the main detection channel is in a first frequency range, and the passing frequency of the reference channel is equal to a second threshold value, the detection result is that flame exists;
and when the energy ratio of the main detection channel energy to the reference channel energy is less than or equal to a first threshold value or the frequency of the main detection channel frequency is equal to the frequency of the reference channel frequency, or the main detection channel frequency is not in a first frequency range or the reference channel passing frequency is greater than a second threshold value, the flame is not existed in the detection result.
As another illustration of the above embodiment, the first threshold value of the embodiment of the present invention is 3, the first frequency range is [3,25], and the second threshold value is 0.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, comparing the energy of the main detection channel and the reference channel, when the energy ratio is greater than 3:1, there may be a flame present;
comparing the main detection channel frequency, when the frequency is more than 3 and less than 25, and the reference channel frequency is not equal to the main channel frequency, possibly flame exists;
in unit time, respectively calculating and obtaining an amplitude threshold of a reference channel signal and an amplitude threshold of a main detection channel preprocessing signal, comparing the amplitude threshold of the reference channel signal with the amplitude threshold of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and counting the passing frequency of the reference channel to be 1 when the amplitude threshold of the reference channel signal is greater than or equal to the amplitude threshold of the main detection channel preprocessing signal; on the contrary, when the amplitude threshold of the reference channel signal is smaller than the amplitude threshold of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, the passing frequency of the reference channel is counted as 0; when the reference channel pass frequency is equal to the second threshold, there may be a flame present.
When the conditions shown in fig. 5 and 6 are simultaneously established, it is judged that there is a flame in the environment.
In another aspect, as shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a flame detection apparatus, including:
an obtaining module 10, configured to obtain a main detection channel signal and a reference channel signal respectively;
the preprocessing module 20 is configured to preprocess the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessed signal;
the calculation module 30 is configured to calculate the energy and frequency of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal respectively to obtain the main detection channel energy, the main detection channel frequency, the reference channel energy, the reference channel frequency, and the reference channel pass frequency;
and the comparison module 40 is used for respectively comparing the energy of the main detection channel with the energy of the reference channel, the frequency of the main detection channel with the frequency of the reference channel and the passing frequency of the reference channel to obtain comparison results.
And the analysis module 50 is used for comprehensively analyzing the comparison result to obtain a detection result.
According to the flame detection device, the main detection channel signal and the reference channel signal are obtained through the obtaining module, the preprocessing module carries out preprocessing and the calculation module carries out calculation to obtain the main detection channel energy, the main detection channel frequency, the reference channel energy, the reference channel frequency and the reference channel passing frequency, and the comparison module compares the energy and frequency parameters and finally analyzes to obtain the detection result. The flame detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure, interference signals are removed through preprocessing, and multi-angle evaluation analysis parameters are calculated by adopting multi-channel detection signals, so that the analysis is comprehensive and the judgment is accurate.
As an illustration of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the preprocessing module 20 of the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the filtering unit 21 is configured to filter the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel filtered signal;
and a smoothing unit 22, configured to smooth the main detection channel filtered signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessed signal.
According to the flame detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the main detection channel signal is processed through the filtering unit and the smoothing unit, and high-frequency interference is filtered.
As another example of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the calculation module 30 of the embodiment of the present invention includes:
a first calculating unit 31, configured to calculate energies of the main detection channel preprocessed signal and the reference channel signal;
a second calculation unit 32, configured to calculate frequencies of the main detection channel preprocessed signal and the reference channel signal;
and a third calculating unit 33, configured to dynamically calculate the number of signals whose amplitude threshold of the reference channel signal is greater than the amplitude threshold of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and count to obtain the reference channel passing frequency.
The flame detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the sampling rate is high enough, the signal reduction waveform is complete, the reference value is dynamically calculated, the error caused by static offset is removed, the environmental influence and the individual difference are reduced, and the adaptability of the product in different environments is improved.
As another illustration of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the comparison module 40 of the embodiment of the present invention includes:
a first comparing unit 41 for comparing whether the energy ratio of the main detection channel energy and the reference channel energy is greater than a first threshold;
a second comparison unit 42 for determining whether the frequencies of the main detection channel frequency and the reference channel frequency are equal;
a third comparing unit 43 for comparing whether the main detection channel frequency is within the first frequency range;
a fourth comparing unit 44 for comparing whether the reference channel passing frequency is equal to the second threshold.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of flame detection, comprising:
respectively acquiring a main detection channel signal and a reference channel signal;
preprocessing the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal;
respectively calculating the energy and frequency of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal to obtain main detection channel energy, main detection channel frequency, reference channel energy and reference channel frequency;
dynamically calculating the number of signals of which the amplitude threshold value of the reference channel signal is greater than the amplitude threshold value of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and counting to obtain the passing frequency of the reference channel;
respectively comparing the energy of the main detection channel with the energy of the reference channel, the frequency of the main detection channel with the frequency of the reference channel and the passing frequency of the reference channel to obtain a comparison result;
comprehensively analyzing the comparison result to obtain a detection result;
the step of respectively comparing the main detection channel energy and the reference channel energy, the main detection channel frequency and the reference channel passing frequency to obtain a comparison result comprises the following steps:
comparing whether the energy ratio of the main detection channel energy and the reference channel energy is greater than a first threshold value;
comparing whether the frequencies of the main detection channel frequency and the reference channel frequency are equal;
comparing whether the main detection channel frequency is within a first frequency range;
comparing whether the reference channel passing frequency is equal to a second threshold value.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said step of preprocessing said main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessed signal comprises:
filtering the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel filtering signal;
and smoothing the main detection channel filtering signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said step of separately calculating the energy and frequency of said main detection channel preprocessed signal and said reference channel signal comprises:
calculating the energy of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal;
calculating the frequency of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal;
and dynamically calculating the number of the signals of which the amplitude threshold value of the reference channel signal is greater than the amplitude threshold value of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and counting to obtain the passing frequency of the reference channel.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step of comprehensively analyzing said comparison results to obtain detection results comprises:
when the energy ratio of the energy of the main detection channel to the energy of the reference channel is greater than a first threshold value, the frequencies of the frequency of the main detection channel and the frequency of the reference channel are not equal, the frequency of the main detection channel is in a first frequency range, and the passing frequency of the reference channel is equal to a second threshold value, the detection result is that flame exists;
and when the energy ratio of the energy of the main detection channel and the energy of the reference channel is less than or equal to a first threshold value, or the frequency of the main detection channel frequency and the frequency of the reference channel frequency are equal, or the main detection channel frequency is not in a first frequency range, or the reference channel passing frequency is greater than a second threshold value, the flame is detected to be absent.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first threshold value is 3, said first frequency range is [3,25] and said second threshold value is 0.
6. A flame detection device, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring a main detection channel signal and a reference channel signal;
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal;
the calculation module is used for calculating the energy and the frequency of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal respectively to obtain the main detection channel energy, the main detection channel frequency, the reference channel energy and the reference channel frequency;
dynamically calculating the number of signals of which the amplitude threshold value of the reference channel signal is greater than the amplitude threshold value of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and counting to obtain the passing frequency of the reference channel;
the comparison module is used for respectively comparing the energy of the main detection channel with the energy of the reference channel, the frequency of the main detection channel with the frequency of the reference channel and the passing frequency of the reference channel to obtain comparison results;
the analysis module is used for comprehensively analyzing the comparison result to obtain a detection result;
the comparison module comprises: a first comparing unit for comparing whether the energy ratio of the main detection channel energy and the reference channel energy is greater than a first threshold value;
a second comparison unit for determining whether the frequencies of the main detection channel frequency and the reference channel frequency are equal;
a third comparison unit for comparing whether the main detection channel frequency is within a first frequency range;
a fourth comparison unit for comparing whether the reference channel passing frequency is equal to a second threshold.
7. The flame detection device of claim 6, wherein the pre-processing module comprises:
the filtering unit is used for filtering the main detection channel signal to obtain a main detection channel filtering signal;
and the smoothing unit is used for smoothing the main detection channel filtering signal to obtain a main detection channel preprocessing signal.
8. A flame detection device as claimed in claim 6 wherein the calculation module comprises:
the first calculation unit is used for calculating the energy of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal;
a second calculating unit, configured to calculate frequencies of the main detection channel preprocessing signal and the reference channel signal;
and the third calculating unit is used for dynamically calculating the number of the signals of which the amplitude threshold value of the reference channel signal is greater than the amplitude threshold value of the main detection channel preprocessing signal, and counting to obtain the passing frequency of the reference channel.
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