CN108007476A - The interference calibrating method and system of a kind of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter - Google Patents
The interference calibrating method and system of a kind of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN108007476A CN108007476A CN201711158570.3A CN201711158570A CN108007476A CN 108007476 A CN108007476 A CN 108007476A CN 201711158570 A CN201711158570 A CN 201711158570A CN 108007476 A CN108007476 A CN 108007476A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/882—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for altimeters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
- G01S13/9023—SAR image post-processing techniques combined with interferometric techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
Abstract
Interference calibrating method and system, this method the present invention relates to a kind of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter include：According to the elevation information of reference target and the track obtained by space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter and oblique distance parameter, the radar visual angle of each pixel of reference target is determined；Then phase is twined to solution and carries out fitting of a polynomial with the spatial variations relation at radar visual angle；Then determine that solution twines the sensitiveness of phase and oblique distance to radar visual angle respectively；Baseline length and baseline angle are determined again；Finally determine interferometric phase biasing.The system includes：Radar visual angle computing module, fitting coefficient computing module, sensitiveness computing module, definite interference base line module and definite interferometric phase biasing module.The present invention twines sensitiveness of the phase to radar visual angle by being fitted estimation solution, baseline and the estimation of interferometric phase biasing can will be interfered to separate, and finally realizes that baseline length, baseline angle and interferometric phase bias the complete estimation of three parameters.
Description
Technical field
Field, more particularly to a kind of space-based interference imaging thunder are calibrated in interference the invention belongs to Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter
Up to the interference calibrating method and system of altimeter.
Background technology
A kind of New Type Radar altimeter developed in recent years, i.e. space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter, can obtain large area
The sea average height value of scope, spatial resolution is in 100 meters of magnitudes, and observation swath is at 50 kilometers to 100 kilometers, phase
Than traditional substar radar altimeter, it is obtained for tremendous increase in spatial resolution and temporal resolution.But to answer
It is accurate to interfere calibration to be essential committed step with the technology.In-orbit accurate measurement space-based interference is realized in interference calibration
The interferometric parameter of imaging radar altimeter, including baseline length, baseline angle and interferometric phase biasing etc..As realizing global view
Survey, be mounted in satellite or aerospace craft on space-based interference system, based on NATURAL DISTRIBUTION target carry out interference calibration be one
The feasible method of kind.Although also using interference synthetic aperture radar technology, space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter incidence angle is small
In 8 °, also need to take into account land, the observation that the minimum observation condition of this incidence angle and ocean land are taken into account while observing ocean
Pattern has been totally different from the space-based interference synthetic aperture radar on existing observation land.Prior art is both referred to fly
The airborne Interference system of row highly very limited (generally at ten kilometers or so), establishes under assuming on flat ground, does not account for
The influence of earth curvature, for flying height hundreds of kilometer and observation scope it is then uncomfortable in the spacebased system of tens kilometers
With；
In addition, prior art also needs to the frequency separation of accurately estimation interferometric phase frequency spectrum, in interferometric phase fringe
It is applicable, such as conventional interference synthetic aperture radar in the case of than comparatively dense and uniform spatial distribution, but in interferometric phase
Then fail under the conditions of especially sparse and spatial variations are king-sized, such as Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter；
Secondly, although realizing the estimation of baseline length and baseline angle, also do not realize that interferometric phase is inclined at the same time
The estimation put, in fact, interference baseline and interferometric phase biasing have coupling between each other, while estimates that these parameters are easy to
" morbid state solution " or iterative algorithm is caused not to restrain.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：The influence of earth curvature is not accounted in prior art, due to
Estimate that " morbid state solution " or iterative algorithm are easy to cause during parameter to be restrained, it is impossible to realize the estimation of interferometric phase biasing.
To solve technical problem above, the present invention provides a kind of interference calibration of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter
Method, the interference calibrating method include：
S1, the track and oblique distance obtained according to the elevation information of reference target and space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter are joined
Number, determines radar visual angle；
S2, determines that the solution of the reference target twines phase and becomes with the space at the radar visual angle using fitting of a polynomial model
Change relation, and phase and the spatial variations relation are twined according to the solution of the reference target, determined using least-squares algorithm more
Item formula fitting coefficient；
S3, according to the coefficient of polynomial fitting, determines that the solution twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar visual angle, at the same time
According to the elevation information of the reference target, the track and oblique distance parameter, determine the oblique distance to the quick of the radar visual angle
Perception；
S4, sensitiveness of the phase to the radar visual angle is twined according to the solution, and it is high to calculate the space-based interference imaging radar
The baseline length initial value of meter is spent, and according to the baseline length initial value, the oblique distance parameter and the oblique distance to the thunder
Up to the sensitiveness at visual angle, accurate baseline length and baseline angle are determined；
S5, according to accurately baseline length and the baseline angle, determines the estimate that interferometric phase biases.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：By above-mentioned method, determine that the solution of description reference target twines phase with radar visual angle
Spatial variations relation coefficient of polynomial fitting, according to this coefficient of polynomial fitting can subsequently calculate baseline length
When, utilize " two-step method " to obtain accurate baseline length and baseline angle, finally can be according to accurate baseline length and baseline
Inclination angle obtains the estimate of accurate interferometric phase biasing, greatly reduces phase error, while also as bent in view of the earth
The small component of high-order introduced in the influence of rate and interferometric phase by oblique distance to the sensitiveness at radar visual angle so that measurement baseline
The estimate of length, baseline angle and interferometric phase biasing is more accurate, and phase is twined to radar additionally by fitting estimation solution
The sensitiveness at visual angle, can will interfere baseline and the estimation of interferometric phase biasing to separate, finally realize that baseline length, baseline are inclined
Angle and the complete estimation of interferometric phase biasing.
Further, determine that the calculation formula of the radar view angle theta includes in the S1：
Wherein, RsFor the primary antenna that the orbit parameter that is measured by space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter calculates to the earth's core away from
From parameter, r1For the oblique distance calculated according to space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter sampling time delay, ReFor reference target position
Reference ellipsoid radius, h is the elevation information of reference target.
Further, the S2 includes：
S21, the solution that the reference target is described using fitting of a polynomial model twine space of the phase with the radar view angle theta
Variation relation, it describes formula and is：
Wherein φunw(θ) twines phase for the solution,Phase is twined with the spatial variations of radar view angle theta for the solution
Fitting of a polynomial model, pi, i=0,1,2 ..., N is (N+1) a coefficient of polynomial fitting of the model；
S22, the solution for choosing the M different radar view angle thetas twine phase；
S23, twines phase and the spatial variations relation according to the solution of the M different radar view angle thetas, calculates described more
Item formula fitting coefficient, the calculation formula of wherein coefficient of polynomial fitting are：
Wherein φunw(θi), i=1,2 ..., M are that the solution of the M different radar view angle thetas twines phase, matrix inversion
Calculate and carried out based on least-squares algorithm.
Further, the S3 includes：
According to the coefficient of polynomial fitting, determine that the solution twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta, wherein institute
The sensitiveness specific formula for calculation for stating radar view angle theta is：
WhereinThat the solution twines local derviation of the phase to the radar visual angle, be the sensitiveness, pi, i=1,
2 ..., N is N number of coefficient of polynomial fitting of the model；
According to the elevation information of the reference target, the track and oblique distance parameter, determine the oblique distance to the radar
The sensitiveness at visual angle, wherein the oblique distance is to the sensitiveness specific formula for calculation at the radar visual angle：
Wherein,To ask local derviation to calculate symbol, represent to calculate
To the local derviation of the radar view angle theta, i.e., described oblique distance r1To the sensitiveness of the radar view angle theta.
Further, specifically included in the step S4：
S41, sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta is twined according to the solution, and is removing the oblique distance r1To described
In the case of the sensitiveness of radar view angle theta, the baseline length initial value of the space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter is directly calculated；
S42, according to the baseline length initial value and the oblique distance parameter, and is not removing the oblique distance r1To the thunder
Up under the sensitive case of view angle theta, the accurately baseline length B and baseline angle α is calculated.
Further, in the step S5, it includes：
S51, according to the accurately baseline length B and baseline angle α, calculates the radar different from M and regards respectively
The solution of angle θ twines the estimate of the corresponding M interferometric phase biasing of phase；
S52, asks for the average value of the estimate of M interferometric phase biasing, obtains the estimate of the interferometric phase biasing
φ0, wherein the estimate φ of interferometric phase biasing0Calculation formula be：
Wherein Bx、ByThe horizontal component and vertical component of respectively described accurately baseline length B, λ interfere for the space-based
The carrier wavelength of imaging radar altimeter.
The invention further relates to a kind of interference scaling system based on space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter, interference calibration system
System includes：Radar visual angle computing module, fitting coefficient computing module, sensitiveness computing module, determine interference base line module, determine
Interferometric phase biasing module；
Radar visual angle computing module, for the elevation information according to reference target and passes through space-based interference imaging radar
The track and oblique distance parameter that altimeter obtains, determine radar view angle theta；
The fitting coefficient computing module, for twining sky of the phase with the radar view angle theta to the solution of the reference target
Between variation relation carry out fitting of a polynomial, determine coefficient of polynomial fitting；
The sensitiveness computing module, for according to the coefficient of polynomial fitting, determining that the solution twines phase to described
The sensitiveness of radar view angle theta, while according to the elevation information of the reference target, the track and oblique distance parameter, determine described
Sensitiveness of the oblique distance to the radar visual angle；
The definite interference base line module, for twining sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta according to the solution, calculates
The baseline length initial value of the space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter, and according to the baseline length initial value, the oblique distance
Parameter and the oblique distance determine accurate baseline length B and baseline angle α to the sensitiveness at the radar visual angle；
The definite interferometric phase biasing module, for according to the accurately baseline length B and baseline angle α, determining
The estimate φ of interferometric phase biasing0。
Beneficial effects of the present invention：By above-mentioned system, determine that the solution of description reference target twines phase with radar visual angle
Spatial variations relation coefficient of polynomial fitting, according to this coefficient of polynomial fitting can subsequently calculate baseline length
When, utilize " two-step method " to obtain accurate baseline length and baseline angle, finally can be according to accurate baseline length and baseline
Inclination angle obtains the estimate of accurate interferometric phase biasing, greatly reduces phase error, while also as bent in view of the earth
The small component of high-order introduced in the influence of rate and interferometric phase by oblique distance to the sensitiveness at radar visual angle so that measurement baseline
The estimate of length, baseline angle and interferometric phase biasing is more accurate, and phase is twined to radar additionally by fitting estimation solution
The sensitiveness at visual angle, can will interfere baseline and the estimation of interferometric phase biasing to separate, finally realize that baseline length, baseline are inclined
Angle and the complete estimation of interferometric phase biasing.
Further, radar visual angle computing module is specifically used for determining the radar view angle theta according to the following formula：
Wherein RsFor the primary antenna that the orbit parameter that is measured by space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter calculates to the earth's core away from
From parameter, r1For the oblique distance calculated according to space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter sampling time delay, ReFor reference target position
Reference ellipsoid radius, the parameter embody earth curvature influence, h is the elevation information of reference target.
Further, the fitting coefficient computing module is specifically used for determining the fitting of a polynomial system according to the following formula
Number：
Wherein φunw(θi), i=1,2 ..., M are that the solution of the M different radar view angle thetas twines phase, matrix inversion
Calculate and carried out based on least-squares algorithm.
Further, the definite interference base line module, it regards the radar specifically for twining phase according to the solution
The sensitiveness of angle θ, and removing the oblique distance r1To in the case of the sensitiveness of the radar view angle theta, directly calculating the day
The baseline length initial value of base Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter；
And for according to the baseline length initial value and the oblique distance parameter, and do not removing the oblique distance r1To institute
Under the sensitive case for stating radar view angle theta, accurate baseline length B and baseline angle α are calculated.
A kind of computer equipment is further related to, which includes：Processor, memory and it is stored in the memory
Computer program that is upper and can running on the processor, the processor are realized as described above dry when performing described program
The step of relating to calibrating method.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：By above-mentioned computer equipment, determine that the solution of description reference target twines phase with thunder
Up to the coefficient of polynomial fitting of the spatial variations relation at visual angle, baseline can subsequently calculated according to this coefficient of polynomial fitting
During length, utilize " two-step method " to obtain accurate baseline length and baseline angle, finally can according to accurate baseline length and
Baseline angle obtains the estimate of accurate interferometric phase biasing, greatly reduces phase error, while also as in view of ground
The small component of high-order introduced in the influence of ball curvature and interferometric phase by oblique distance to the sensitiveness at radar visual angle so that measurement
The estimate of baseline length, baseline angle and interferometric phase biasing is more accurate, and phase pair is twined additionally by fitting estimation solution
The sensitiveness at radar visual angle, can will interfere baseline and the estimation of interferometric phase biasing to separate, finally realize baseline length, base
Line inclination angle and the complete estimation of interferometric phase biasing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the interference calibrating method of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of the interference scaling system of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the interference calibrating method of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that the Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter (left figure) of the present invention and conventional interference synthetic aperture radar (right figure) are done
Relate to the schematic diagram of phase-contrast；
Fig. 5 is that the Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter (left figure) of the present invention and conventional interference synthetic aperture radar (right figure) are done
Relate to the schematic diagram of phase frequency spectrum contrast；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the vertical error of the interference the calibration results inverting of the present invention.
Embodiment
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides a kind of interference of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter
Calibrating method, S1, the track and oblique distance obtained according to the elevation information of reference target and space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter are joined
Number, determines radar visual angle；
S2, determines that the solution of the reference target twines phase and becomes with the space at the radar visual angle using fitting of a polynomial model
Change relation, and phase and the spatial variations relation are twined according to the solution of the reference target, determined using least-squares algorithm more
Item formula fitting coefficient；
S3, according to the coefficient of polynomial fitting, determines that the solution twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar visual angle, at the same time
According to the elevation information of the reference target, the track and oblique distance parameter, determine the oblique distance to the quick of the radar visual angle
Perception；
S4, sensitiveness of the phase to the radar visual angle is twined according to the solution, and it is high to calculate the space-based interference imaging radar
The baseline length initial value of meter is spent, and according to the baseline length initial value, the oblique distance parameter and the oblique distance to the thunder
Up to the sensitiveness at visual angle, accurate baseline length and baseline angle are determined；
S5, according to accurately baseline length and the baseline angle, determines the estimate that interferometric phase biases.
It should be noted that reference target specifically refers to inland lake in the present embodiment 1, the type reference target has
Flatness, its high visibility are a value, and due to the Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter water surface, coherence is very high, is very beneficial for interfering
Phase unwrapping, therefore spatial variations relation of the phase with radar visual angle is twined based on flat lake surface solution, establish solution and twine phase to radar
Relation between the sensitiveness and interference baseline at visual angle, utilizes least-squares algorithm estimation baseline length, baseline angle and interference
Phase bias.Detailed process is according to the elevation information of reference target and the rail obtained by space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter
Road and oblique distance parameter, determine radar view angle theta；Phase is twined with the radar after definite radar view angle theta, then to the solution of the reference target
The spatial variations coefficient of view angle theta carries out fitting of a polynomial, determines coefficient of polynomial fitting；Then according to the fitting of a polynomial system
Number, determines that the solution twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta；Finally can according to the sensitiveness, estimate the space-based interference into
Accurate baseline length B is determined as the baseline length initial value of radar altimeter, and using the baseline length initial value of estimation
With baseline angle α；According to accurate the baseline length B and baseline angle α, the estimate φ that interferometric phase biases is determined0。
1 method through this embodiment, first determines that the solution of description reference target twines spatial variations of the phase with radar visual angle
The coefficient of polynomial fitting of relation, " two steps can be utilized according to this coefficient of polynomial fitting when subsequently calculating baseline length
Method " obtains accurate baseline length and baseline angle, can finally be obtained according to accurate baseline length and baseline angle accurate
Interferometric phase biasing estimate, greatly reduce phase error, while also as influence in view of earth curvature and
The small component of high-order introduced in interferometric phase by oblique distance to the sensitiveness at radar visual angle so that measurement baseline length, baseline incline
The estimate of angle and interferometric phase biasing is more accurate.
Alternatively, determine that the calculation formula of the radar view angle theta includes in S1 described in another embodiment 2：
Wherein, RsFor the primary antenna that the orbit parameter that is measured by space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter calculates to the earth's core away from
From parameter, r1For the oblique distance calculated according to space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter sampling time delay, ReFor reference target position
The reference ellipsoid radius influence of earth curvature (parameter embody), h is the elevation information of reference target.
It should be noted that the present embodiment 2 is the explanation carried out on the basis of above-described embodiment 1, in the present embodiment 2
In determine the radar view angle theta mentioned in embodiment 1, for the lake of known location, mould is referred to by known earth curved surface
Type can determine that the reference ellipsoid radius of reference target position, then the elevation information of known lake, according to above-mentioned formula
(1) radar view angle theta can be calculated.
Alternatively, S2 includes described in another embodiment 3：
S21, the solution that the reference target is described using fitting of a polynomial model twine space of the phase with the radar view angle theta
Variation relation, it describes formula and is：
Wherein φunw(θ) twines phase for the solution,Spatial variations of the phase with radar view angle theta are twined for the solution
Fitting of a polynomial model, pi, i=0,1,2 ..., N is (N+1) a coefficient of polynomial fitting of the model；
S22, the solution for choosing the M different radar view angle thetas twine phase；
S23, twines phase and the spatial variations relation according to the solution of the M different radar view angle thetas, calculates described more
Item formula fitting coefficient, the calculation formula of wherein coefficient of polynomial fitting are：
Wherein pi, i=0,1,2 ..., N be the fitting of a polynomial model (N+1) a coefficient of polynomial fitting, φunw
(θi), i=1,2 ..., M are that the solution of the M different radar view angle thetas twines phase, and matrix inversion calculates and is based on least square
Algorithm carries out.
It should be noted that the present embodiment 3 is explaining of being carried out on the basis of above-described embodiment 1 or embodiment 2
It is bright, it is to solve coefficient of polynomial fitting in the present embodiment 3, it solves the calculation formula of the coefficient of polynomial fitting such as public affairs
Formula (8), and the formula (8) is derived by by following formula, first, interferometric phase according to the prior art its
With following form
The interferometric phase of real system measurement is the phase after winding, and is influenced be subject to interferometric phase biasing, therefore,
If carrying out solution to winding phase to twine, the phase after solution twines is
Wherein, φ0Biased for the interferometric phase of altimeter.
In formula (3), the left side is known quantity, the right baseline length B, baseline angle α and interferometric phase biasing φ0It is dry
Relate to the unknown quantity that calibration needs to estimate, oblique distance r1It is represented by the function of radar view angle theta
It can be seen that solution twines the function that phase is radar visual angle from formula (3), therefore, phase is twined to solution using multinomial
It is fitted with the consecutive variations at radar visual angle, therefore formula (7) can be obtained, the least square solution of formula (7) is formula
(8)。
Alternatively, S3 includes described in another embodiment 4：
According to the coefficient of polynomial fitting, determine that the solution twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta, wherein institute
State solution and twine phase and be to the sensitiveness specific formula for calculation of the radar view angle theta：
WhereinThat the solution twines local derviation of the phase to the radar visual angle, be the sensitiveness, pi, i=1,
2 ..., N is N number of coefficient of polynomial fitting of the model；
According to the elevation information of the reference target, the track and oblique distance parameter, determine the oblique distance to the radar
The sensitiveness at visual angle, wherein the oblique distance is to the sensitiveness specific formula for calculation at the radar visual angle：
Wherein,To ask local derviation to calculate symbol, represent to calculate
To the local derviation of the radar view angle theta, i.e., described oblique distance r1To the sensitiveness of the radar view angle theta.
It should be noted that sensitiveness is calculated in the present embodiment 4 to be obtained according to formula (9) (10).
Alternatively, specifically included described in another embodiment 5 in step S4：
S41, sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta is twined according to the solution, and is removing the oblique distance r1To described
In the case of the sensitiveness of radar view angle theta, the baseline length initial value of the space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter is directly calculated；
S42, according to the baseline length initial value and the oblique distance parameter, and is not removing the oblique distance r1To the thunder
Up under the sensitive case of view angle theta, accurate baseline length B and baseline angle α are calculated.
It should be noted that asking for accurate baseline length B and baseline angle α in the present embodiment 5, its process is as follows：
AX=L-L0 (11)
Wherein,
L twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar visual angle, L for the solution0For by the oblique distance to the radar visual angle
The small component of high-order that sensitiveness introduces, M are that the solution at the different radar visual angles chosen twines phase number, if M >=2, are managed
It can be solved by upper equation group, in order to reduce the error of phase noise introducing, the solution for participating in calculating can be increased and twine phase data.For
Such a over-determined systems, least square solution are
X=(ATA)-1AT(L-L0) (15)
This makes it possible to obtain baseline length and baseline angle to be respectively
Due to L in formula (15)0Calculating need known base line length, and baseline length be exactly need to estimate it is unknown
Amount.Therefore, the calibration results are optimized using " two-step method " in the present embodiment 5.The first step, ignores L0Influence (go
In the case of falling the small component of high-order introduced by the oblique distance to the sensitiveness of the radar view angle theta), direct solution obtains base
The initial value of line length；Second step, utilizes the baseline length calculation of initial value L above estimated0, baseline length and base are solved again
(do not removing the situation of the small component of high-order introduced by the oblique distance to the sensitiveness of the radar view angle theta in line inclination angle
Under).In actual calculating, due to L0Component is smaller, and first step estimation can obtain very high-precision baseline length initial value, because
This, second step mainly realizes the renewal to baseline angle α.Above-mentioned " two-step method " is enough to calculate accurate baseline length B and base
Line inclination alpha.
Explanation is additionally needed, the equation represented by formula (11) is derived by by following formula, first
First, formula (3) both sides are respectively differentiated radar view angle theta, can be obtained
Wherein, BxAnd ByRespectively baseline length is in component size both horizontally and vertically
BX=Bcos α
By=Bsin α (6)
It can be found in formula (5), by derivation, interferometric phase biasing is only dry due to for constant, being eliminated
Relate to baseline and remain as unknown number, the form that formula (5) is re-written as to matrix obtains equation represented by formula (11), equation
(11) least-squares algorithm solution is formula (15).
Alternatively, described in another embodiment 6 in step S5, it includes：
S51, according to the accurately baseline length B and baseline angle α, calculates the radar different from M and regards respectively
The solution of angle θ twines the estimate of the corresponding M interferometric phase biasing of phase；
S52, asks for the average value of the estimate of M interferometric phase biasing, obtains the estimate of the interferometric phase biasing
φ0, wherein the estimate φ of interferometric phase biasing0Calculation formula be：
Wherein Bx、ByThe horizontal component and vertical component of respectively described accurately baseline length B, λ interfere for the space-based
The carrier wavelength of imaging radar altimeter.
It should be noted that the present embodiment 6 is the further explanation carried out on the basis of above-described embodiment 5, above-mentioned
The solution of the M different radar view angle thetas of selection twines phase, twines phase according to this M different solutions, calculates and the radar
The solution of view angle theta twines the estimate of the corresponding M interferometric phase biasing of phase, according to formula (18), solves interferometric phase biasing
Estimate φ0。
What is carried out in the present embodiment 6 in the estimation of interferometric phase biasing is averaged, and predominantly reduces phase noise
The evaluated error of introducing, improves estimated accuracy.Therefore, the estimation to baseline length, baseline angle and interferometric phase biasing is solved
Value.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of interference calibration system of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter is further related in the embodiment of the present invention 7
System, the interference scaling system include：Radar visual angle computing module, fitting coefficient computing module, sensitiveness computing module, determine it is dry
Relate to base line module, determine interferometric phase biasing module；
Radar visual angle computing module, for the elevation information according to reference target and passes through space-based interference imaging radar
The track and oblique distance parameter that altimeter obtains, determine radar view angle theta；
The fitting coefficient computing module, for twining sky of the phase with the radar view angle theta to the solution of the reference target
Between variation relation carry out fitting of a polynomial, determine coefficient of polynomial fitting；
The sensitiveness computing module, for according to the coefficient of polynomial fitting, determining that the solution twines phase to described
The sensitiveness of radar view angle theta, while according to the elevation information of the reference target, the track and oblique distance parameter, determine described
Sensitiveness of the oblique distance to the radar visual angle；
The definite interference base line module, for twining sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta according to the solution, calculates
The baseline length initial value of the space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter, and according to the baseline length initial value, the oblique distance
Parameter and the oblique distance determine accurate baseline length B and baseline angle α to the sensitiveness at the radar visual angle；
The definite interferometric phase biasing module, for according to the accurately baseline length B and baseline angle α, determining
The estimate φ of interferometric phase biasing0。
It should be noted that reference target specifically refers to inland lake in the present embodiment 7, the type reference target has
Flatness, its high visibility are a value, and due to the Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter water surface, coherence is very high, is very beneficial for interfering
Phase unwrapping, therefore spatial variations relation of the phase with radar visual angle is twined based on flat lake surface solution, establish solution and twine phase to radar
Relation between the sensitiveness and interference baseline at visual angle, utilizes least-squares algorithm estimation baseline length, baseline angle and interference
Phase bias.Detailed process is according to the elevation information of reference target and the rail obtained by space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter
Road and oblique distance parameter, determine radar view angle theta；Phase is twined with the radar after definite radar view angle theta, then to the solution of the reference target
The spatial variations coefficient of view angle theta carries out fitting of a polynomial, determines coefficient of polynomial fitting；Then according to the fitting of a polynomial system
Number, determines that the solution twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta；Finally can according to the sensitiveness, estimate the space-based interference into
Accurate baseline length B is determined as the baseline length initial value of radar altimeter, and using the baseline length initial value of estimation
With baseline angle α；According to accurate the baseline length B and baseline angle α, the estimate φ that interferometric phase biases is determined0。
7 system through this embodiment, first determines that the solution of description reference target twines spatial variations of the phase with radar visual angle
The coefficient of polynomial fitting of relation, " two steps can be utilized according to this coefficient of polynomial fitting when subsequently calculating baseline length
Method " obtains accurate baseline length and baseline angle, can finally be obtained according to accurate baseline length and baseline angle accurate
Interferometric phase biasing estimate, greatly reduce phase error, while also as influence in view of earth curvature and
The small component of high-order introduced in interferometric phase by oblique distance to the sensitiveness at radar visual angle so that measurement baseline length, baseline incline
The estimate of angle and interferometric phase biasing is more accurate.
Alternatively, the radar view angle theta computing module described in another embodiment 8 is specifically used for determining institute according to the following formula
State radar view angle theta：
Wherein RsFor the primary antenna that the orbit parameter that is measured by space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter calculates to the earth's core away from
From parameter, r1For the oblique distance calculated according to space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter sampling time delay, ReFor reference target position
The reference ellipsoid radius influence of earth curvature (parameter embody), h is the elevation information of reference target.
Alternatively, the fitting coefficient computing module described in another embodiment 9 is specifically used for determining institute according to the following formula
State coefficient of polynomial fitting：
Wherein pi, i=0,1,2 ..., N be the fitting of a polynomial model (N+1) a coefficient of polynomial fitting, φunw
(θi), i=1,2 ..., M are that the solution of the M different radar view angle thetas twines phase, and matrix inversion calculates and is based on least square
Algorithm carries out.
Alternatively, interference base line module is determined described in another embodiment 10, it is specifically used for twining phase according to the solution
The oblique distance r is being removed position to the sensitiveness of the radar view angle theta1To in the case of the sensitiveness of the radar view angle theta,
Directly calculate the baseline length initial value of the space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter；
And for according to the baseline length initial value and the oblique distance parameter, and do not removing the oblique distance r1To institute
Under the sensitive case for stating radar view angle theta, accurate baseline length B and baseline angle α are calculated.
A kind of computer equipment is further related in the embodiment of the present invention 11, which includes：Processor, memory and
The computer program that can be run on the memory and on the processor is stored in, when the processor performs described program
The step of realizing interference calibrating method as described above.
It should be noted that reference target specifically refers to inland lake, the type reference target tool in the present embodiment 11
There is flatness, its high visibility is a value, and coherence is very high due to the Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter water surface, is very beneficial for doing
Phase unwrapping is related to, therefore spatial variations relation of the phase with radar visual angle is twined based on flat lake surface solution, solution is established and twines phase to thunder
Relation up between the sensitiveness at visual angle and interference baseline, using least-squares algorithm estimation baseline length, baseline angle and does
Relate to phase bias.Detailed process is obtained according to the elevation information of reference target and by space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter
Track and oblique distance parameter, determine radar view angle theta；Phase is twined with the thunder after definite radar view angle theta, then to the solution of the reference target
Spatial variations coefficient up to view angle theta carries out fitting of a polynomial, determines coefficient of polynomial fitting；Then according to the fitting of a polynomial system
Number, determines that the solution twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta；Finally can according to the sensitiveness, estimate the space-based interference into
Accurate baseline length B is determined as the baseline length initial value of radar altimeter, and using the baseline length initial value of estimation
With baseline angle α；According to accurate the baseline length B and baseline angle α, the estimate φ that interferometric phase biases is determined0。
11 computer equipment through this embodiment, first determines that the solution of description reference target twines space of the phase with radar visual angle
The coefficient of polynomial fitting of variation relation, can utilize according to this coefficient of polynomial fitting when subsequently calculating baseline length
" two-step method " obtains accurate baseline length and baseline angle, can finally be obtained according to accurate baseline length and baseline angle
The estimate of accurate interferometric phase biasing, greatly reduces phase error, while also as influence in view of earth curvature
And the small component of high-order introduced in interferometric phase by oblique distance to the sensitiveness at radar visual angle so that measurement baseline length, base
The estimate of line inclination angle and interferometric phase biasing is more accurate.
For the above embodiments 1- embodiments 11, here is the experiment carried out to these embodiments：
Utilize the validity of l-G simulation test data verification technical solution of the present invention.In emulation, a typical case Ku wave bands are interfered
Imaging radar altimeter and it is mounted within 2000 by the U.S., Germany and the Space Shuttle Radar mapping completed jointly of Italy
C-band interference synthetic aperture radar in task (Shuttl e Radar Topography M iss ion, SRTM) carries out
Contrast, simulation parameter are as shown in table 1.
The main simulation parameter of 1 radar of table
Assuming that ground level is zero, observation bandwidth is 35KM, be derived from interferometric phase as shown in fig. 4, it can be seen that
The interferometric phase of Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter is very sparse, and interferometric phase fringe is presented acutely in whole observation bandwidth
Change, i.e., closely hold intensive, hold at a distance sparse, and the interferometric phase of conventional interference synthetic aperture radar is than comparatively dense,
And striped density degree is uniformly distributed in whole observation bandwidth.
Correspondingly, interferometric phase frequency is as shown in Figure 5, it is seen that the frequency spectrum of conventional interference synthetic aperture radar has similar square
The amplitude of shape, prior art can relatively accurately estimate minimum and maximum frequency, and Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter
Frequency spectrum then compares " fat ", and corresponding nonzero frequency component dynamic range is larger so that prior art is difficult to accurately estimate frequency
Bound.Therefore, prior art can not be precisely accomplished interference calibration for Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter.
The results are shown in Table 2 for the interference scaling parameter obtained using technical solution of the present invention.
The interference the calibration results of 2 technical solution of the present invention of table
Elevation inverting is carried out using above-mentioned interference scaling parameter, vertical error is as shown in fig. 6, only aobvious in figure for clarity
Shown on a range line (low coverage at altimeter a certain fixed observer time point to long distance) as a result, actually distinct range line
On result it is consistent, it is seen that whole errors show that technical solution of the present invention result is accurate within 1MM, have feasibility.
In the present specification, a schematic expression of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in any one or more of the embodiments or examples with suitable
Mode combines.In addition, without conflicting with each other, those skilled in the art can be by the difference described in this specification
Embodiment or example and different embodiments or exemplary feature are combined and combine.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of interference calibrating method of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter, it is characterised in that the interference calibrating method includes：
S1, the track obtained according to the elevation information of reference target and space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter and oblique distance parameter, really
Determine radar visual angle；
S2, determines that the solution of the reference target twines phase and closed with the spatial variations at the radar visual angle using fitting of a polynomial model
System, and phase and the spatial variations relation are twined according to the solution of the reference target, determine multinomial using least-squares algorithm
Fitting coefficient；
S3, according to the coefficient of polynomial fitting, determines that the solution twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar visual angle, while basis
The elevation information of the reference target, the track and oblique distance parameter, determine sensitiveness of the oblique distance to the radar visual angle；
S4, twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar visual angle according to the solution, calculates the space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter
Baseline length initial value, and the radar is regarded according to the baseline length initial value, the oblique distance parameter and the oblique distance
The sensitiveness at angle, determines accurate baseline length and baseline angle；
S5, according to accurately baseline length and the baseline angle, determines the estimate that interferometric phase biases.
2. interference calibrating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the radar view angle theta is determined in the S1
Calculation formula includes：
Wherein, RsDistance for the primary antenna that the orbit parameter measured by space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter calculates to the earth's core is joined
Number, r1For the oblique distance calculated according to space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter sampling time delay, ReFor the reference of reference target position
Ellipsoid radius, h are the elevation informations of reference target.
3. interference calibrating method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the S2 includes：
S21, the solution that the reference target is described using fitting of a polynomial model twine spatial variations of the phase with the radar view angle theta
Relation, it describes formula and is：
Wherein φunw(θ) twines phase for the solution,Phase is twined with the multinomial of the spatial variations of radar view angle theta for the solution
Formula model of fit, pi, i=0,1,2 ..., N is (N+1) a coefficient of polynomial fitting of the model；
S22, the solution for choosing the M different radar view angle thetas twine phase；
S23, twines phase and the spatial variations relation according to the solution of the M different radar view angle thetas, calculates the multinomial
The calculation formula of fitting coefficient, wherein coefficient of polynomial fitting is：
Wherein φunw(θi), i=1,2 ..., M are that the solution of the M different radar view angle thetas twines phase, and matrix inversion calculates base
Carried out in least-squares algorithm.
4. interference calibrating method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the S3 includes：
According to the coefficient of polynomial fitting, determine that the solution twines sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta, wherein the thunder
Sensitiveness specific formula for calculation up to view angle theta is：
WhereinThat the solution twines local derviation of the phase to the radar visual angle, be the sensitiveness, pi, i=1,2 ...,
N is N number of coefficient of polynomial fitting of the model；
According to the elevation information of the reference target, the track and oblique distance parameter, determine the oblique distance to the radar visual angle
Sensitiveness, wherein the oblique distance is to the sensitiveness specific formula for calculation at the radar visual angle：
Wherein,To ask local derviation to calculate symbol, represent to calculateTo institute
The local derviation of radar view angle theta is stated, i.e., described oblique distance r1To the sensitiveness of the radar view angle theta.
5. interference calibrating method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that specifically included in the step S4：
S41, sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta is twined according to the solution, and is removing the oblique distance r1The radar is regarded
In the case of the sensitiveness of angle θ, the baseline length initial value of the space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter is directly calculated；
S42, according to the baseline length initial value and the oblique distance parameter, and is not removing the oblique distance r1The radar is regarded
Under the sensitive case of angle θ, the accurately baseline length B and baseline angle α is calculated.
6. interference calibrating method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in the step S5, it includes：
S51, according to the accurately baseline length B and baseline angle α, calculates the radar view angle theta different from M respectively
Solution twines the estimate of the corresponding M interferometric phase biasing of phase；
S52, asks for the average value of the estimate of M interferometric phase biasing, obtains the estimate φ of the interferometric phase biasing0, its
Described in interferometric phase biasing estimate φ0Calculation formula be：
Wherein Bx、ByThe horizontal component and vertical component of respectively described accurately baseline length B, λ is the space-based interference imaging
The carrier wavelength of radar altimeter.
7. a kind of interference scaling system of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter, it is characterised in that the interference scaling system includes：
Radar visual angle computing module, fitting coefficient computing module, sensitiveness computing module, definite interference base line module, definite interference phase
Position biasing module；
Radar visual angle computing module, for the elevation information according to reference target and passes through space-based interference imaging radar altitude
The track obtained and oblique distance parameter are counted, determines radar view angle theta；
The fitting coefficient computing module, becomes for twining phase to the solution of the reference target with the space of the radar view angle theta
Change relation carries out fitting of a polynomial, determines coefficient of polynomial fitting；
The sensitiveness computing module, for according to the coefficient of polynomial fitting, determining that the solution twines phase to the radar
The sensitiveness of view angle theta, while according to the elevation information of the reference target, the track and oblique distance parameter, determine the oblique distance
To the sensitiveness at the radar visual angle；
The definite interference base line module, for twining sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta according to the solution, described in calculating
The baseline length initial value of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter, and according to the baseline length initial value, the oblique distance parameter
Sensitiveness with the oblique distance to the radar visual angle, determines accurate baseline length B and baseline angle α；
The definite interferometric phase biasing module, for according to the accurately baseline length B and baseline angle α, determining interference
The estimate φ of phase bias0。
8. interference scaling system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that radar visual angle computing module is specifically used for
The radar view angle theta is determined according to the following formula：
Wherein RsDistance for the primary antenna that the orbit parameter measured by space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter calculates to the earth's core is joined
Number, r1For the oblique distance calculated according to space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter sampling time delay, ReFor the reference of reference target position
Ellipsoid radius, h are the elevation informations of reference target.
9. the interference scaling system according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that the fitting coefficient computing module is specific
For determining the coefficient of polynomial fitting according to the following formula：
Wherein φunw(θi), i=1,2 ..., M are that the solution of the M different radar view angle thetas twines phase, and matrix inversion calculates base
Carried out in least-squares algorithm.
10. interference scaling system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the definite interference base line module, its is specific
For twining sensitiveness of the phase to the radar view angle theta according to the solution, and removing the oblique distance r1To the radar view angle theta
Sensitiveness in the case of, the baseline length initial value of space-based Interferometric Radar Imaging Altimeter described in direct estimation；
And for according to the baseline length initial value and the oblique distance parameter, and do not removing the oblique distance r1To the thunder
Up under the sensitive case of view angle theta, the accurately baseline length B and baseline angle α is calculated.
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