CN108002642B - A kind of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment system and method - Google Patents

A kind of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment system and method Download PDF

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CN108002642B
CN108002642B CN201711090910.3A CN201711090910A CN108002642B CN 108002642 B CN108002642 B CN 108002642B CN 201711090910 A CN201711090910 A CN 201711090910A CN 108002642 B CN108002642 B CN 108002642B
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aeration
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许明
操家顺
李超
沈晓笑
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Hohai University HHU
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/463—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrocoagulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/30—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the textile industry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment system and method, comprising the following steps: (1) collect acid waste water and alkaline waste water；(2) aeration stripping pond emphasis removes sulphide removal and hardly degraded organic substance；(3) step (2) treated water is subjected to neutralization reaction precipitating, coagulant and flocculation aid is added, promotes the particle aggregation in water；(4) by step (3) treated water, Air Exposure is carried out into step aeration tank, water outlet reaches discharge standard discharge；(5) sludge that each step generates is handled, supernatant enters step (2) processing；(6) exhaust gas that each step generates is handled, qualified discharge after processing.Waste water that this method generates viscose rayon, sludge, exhaust gas are effectively treated, and removal effect is stable and operating cost is low, safety coefficient is high, treatment effeciency is high, have extensive promotional value.

Description

A kind of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment system and method
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment system and method, it is useless to belong to viscose glue industry Water, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment field.
Technical background
Viscose rayon is using high molecular material wood pulp, cotton pulp containing native cellulose etc. by chemistry and mechanical means The chemical fibre being process is derived from day however better than natural regenerated celulose fibre in chemical fibre, is textile industry raw material One of important materials.The production process of viscose filament yarn are as follows: sheet steeping bathe soda bath produce alkali cellulose, alkali cellulose with Carbon disulfide reaction production sodium cellulose xanghate (referred to as sulfonation) sodium cellulose xanghate is re-dissolved in diluted sodium hydroxide solution, at mucus Shape, referred to as viscose glue.Viscose glue can be sent to spinning machine through filtering, deaeration and maturation.Spinning is carried out in spinning workshop, when viscose glue is logical When crossing spinning machine spinning head and entering coagulating bath (being mainly made of sulfuric acid, sodium sulphate and zinc sulfate, also known as sulfuric acid bath) of spinning machine, Viscose glue is solidified as strand form, and regenerates cellulose, well post-processing factory.Viscose glue regenerates the reaction of cellulose in acid bath Hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide can be released, this is the main source of fiber production sulfides from wastewater and carbon disulfide.
The waste water of Viscose Fiber Plant can be divided into acid waste water and alkaline waste water two major classes.
(1) acid waste water: acid waste water is mainly from spinning workshop and acid station, including plasticizing-bath overflow discharge water, washes spinning Silk machine water, washes water and post treatment acid wash water at the washing filtering draining of acid station.The major pollutant of acid waste water is sulfuric acid and sulphur Sour zinc.
(2) alkaline waste water: alkaline waste water is washed from the draining of alkali station, stoste workshop scrap rubber slot and equipment for washing water, filter cloth Wash water, take a few spinning head water of viscose glue, spinning machine filter washer when spinning machine changes filter and spinning head out of, aftertreatment technology desulfurization it is useless Water.The major pollutant of alkaline waste water is sodium hydroxide and viscose glue.
Since viscose glue industry waste component is complicated, Chang Hanyou strong acid, highly basic, cellulose and hemicellulose, alcohols, pectin with And the substances such as various organic poisons, therefore its biodegradability is poor, sulfide and zinc ion concentration are high, processing system operation when have The emission of bad smell such as hydrogen sulfide easily generate substantial pollution to environment, constantly threaten the health and safety of the mankind.Therefore, to viscose glue How fiber waste water, sludge, exhaust gas realize that efficient stable is handled, and are to need urgently to solve the problems, such as.
Wastewater treating technology is there is also very big problem in viscose rayon production, be mainly reflected in administering method low efficiency, It is at high cost, using pollutant that is limited, and being also easy to produce difficult to degrade.Present most commonly used Ozonation, electrocoagulation, absorption The physical chemistry methods such as method, ion-exchange, membrane filter method and flocculence are all haveed the shortcomings that certain.
The Chinese patent of 104310679 A of Publication No. CN provides one kind with organic in Fenton process chemical oxidation waste water The method of object cell processing viscose fiber wastewater, oxidant are the hydrogen peroxide of mass fraction 27.5%, and catalyst is that sulfuric acid is sub- The mass ratio that adds of iron, hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate is 1:1, but Fenton process has the disadvantage that (1) is at high cost, and sludge yield is more； (2) treatment effect is unstable, if adding if mass ratio control is bad or ferric iron does not precipitate for hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate Waste water is easily led in yellowish, the phenomenon that water body returns color occurs；(3) reaction is difficult to control, and vulnerable to pH value in reaction, the time, is stirred Mix the influence of the factors such as degree of mixing；(4) corrosivity is big, and strong corrosiveness is easily caused to equipment.(5) exhaust-gas treatment does not relate to And.
The Chinese patent of 105110575 A of Publication No. CN provide a kind of viscose fibre industry wastewater treatment method and Device is separately individually handled high saliferous and hyposaline waste water according to the salinity of gluing waste water height, complex process, behaviour Make that difficulty is big, treatment effeciency is low.In addition, in " the double films of continuous Microfiltration+reverse osmosis membrane " unit designed in the treatment process, film Operating cost it is excessively high, cleaning is difficult, concentrated water processing is difficult.Chambolle etc. points out that film process general expenses are filtered than directly Beyond 20-30%.Moulin etc. proposes that underground water MF cost of investment be 1.5-2 times routinely administered, for surface water, invest at It originally is 3-5 times routinely administered.
The Chinese patent of 103864260 A of Publication No. CN provides a kind of processing method of wastewater from viscose fiber producing, The main flow of the technique are as follows: stripping reaction process → shallow air-floatation process → iron dust filtration process → hybrid reaction process → life Object treatment process.The technique is not mixed using high carbonated drink, fails to improve reaction rate, it cannot be guaranteed that subsequent processing Effect.In addition, the exhaust gas H of the technique stripping2S、CS2It is not handled by, if directly release, can be to human body and atmosphere into environment Certain pollution and harm are caused, does not accomplish real clean manufacturing.
The Chinese patent of 1583608 A of Publication No. CN provides a kind of cotton pulp black liquor water, wastewater from viscose fiber producing Integrated conduct method, aeration method involved in the technique is only traditional aeration system, " the step referred to relative to the present invention Aeration system ", the process are ineffective.
The Chinese patent of 101343124 A of Publication No. CN provides waste water in a kind of production of comprehensive treatment viscose rayon The method and its equipment of exhaust gas do not consider the persistent problem of gas-liquid two-phase reaction, i.e. gas finally actual suction in the technique Effect is received and removed, does not ensure that gas is reacted and absorbed completely, carryover effect not can guarantee.And the invention patent is not only The method for enumerating the absorption of lye mentioned by the technique, it is also contemplated that the Utilizing questions of subsequent gases is added to " biological filter Bed process " realizes the comprehensive cyclic utilization of the energy.
Currently, there are many problems, such as materialization early period for routine " materialization+biochemistry " treatment process of most domestic use Automatic controlling level is not high in treatment process, and operational effect is unstable, and microorganism growth is obviously inhibited.In addition, In the processing of most domestic viscose fiber wastewater, not to the exhaust gas such as hydrogen sulfide, the carbon dioxide generated in production process into Row system is comprehensively handled and is utilized, that is, is lacked and be further processed measure to after lye spray.In processing viscose fiber wastewater In aeration reaction pond in, also rarely have application using the method for " step aeration ", step aeration can be to the maximum extent by fluid Characteristic is combined with mechanical movement, effectively eliminates stirring dead angle, obtains the water body exchange of large area.Particularly, in viscose glue fibre Tie up field of waste water treatment, for waste water, exhaust gas, sludge three synthesis circulating disposal process illustrate it is less, do not propose one kind Economic and environment-friendly system processing method, results in waste, each processing unit disconnection of the energy, and final treatment effect is bad.
Comprehensively consider the above several points, the invention patent propose it is a kind of it is simple, economical, low energy consumption, treatment effect is excellent The processing of comprehensive circulation viscose fiber wastewater and reuse method have the application of technology of middle water recycle in engineering practice important Meaning.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for viscose glue industry waste water complicated components, biodegradability is poor, sulfide and zinc ion concentration are high, Processing system has the problems such as emission of bad smell such as hydrogen sulfide when running, and provides a kind of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment and is System and method realize viscose glue industry waste water, sludge, the efficient process of exhaust gas and stably reaching standard.
Technical solution: to realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the invention proposes at a kind of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust gas The system of reason, including collecting-tank A, collecting-tank B, aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction pond, primary sedimentation tank, pH adjustment pond, aeration tank, two Heavy pond, sludge concentration tank, odor source collection system, gas distributing pipeline system and bacteria bed, in which:
The collecting-tank A and collecting-tank B are connected with aeration stripping pond respectively,
The aeration stripping pond successively adjusts pond, aeration tank, secondary settling tank, sludge condensation with neutralization reaction pond, primary sedimentation tank, pH Pond is connected；
The odor source collection system comes from aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction pond, aeration tank and sludge condensation for collecting The exhaust gas of the exhaust gas in pond, collection is sequentially sent to lye spray column packing layer and living soil filter bed by air-introduced machine.Preferably, The air-introduced machine uses centrifugal blower, reduces noise.
Specifically, it is equipped with air stirrer inside the aeration stripping pond, top is provided with glass reinforced plastic gas gathering mask, is used for The exhaust gas generated during stripping is collected, bottom is provided with settler, the hemicellulose and oils object being precipitated for precipitated acid Matter etc., precipitating sludge enters sludge concentration tank.
The neutralization reaction pond includes reaction zone and settling zone, and neutralization reaction sedimentation basin is equipped with glass reinforced plastic gas gathering mask, In, settling zone uses rectangular sedimentation tank pond type, carries out muddy water and efficiently separates.
The step aeration tank aeration uses the aeration stirrer of layer impeller, according to water body flow, designs from impeller Center water inlet, step aeration tank be equipped with glass reinforced plastic gas gathering mask.
The bacteria bed is made of the gravel supporting layer, ecological filtering layer and soil horizon set gradually, and soil horizon plantation is planted Object, wherein gravel support layer height 0.2-0.5m, partial size 8-16mm；Ecological filter height 0.6-0.8m, partial size 2-4mm；Soil Layer height 0.2-0.5m, partial size are less than 0.01mm.
The bacteria bed top layout has 5 sprinkler tips, the water consumption 0.4-0.6m of every sprinkler tip3/ h, In to one for humidifying, four additional is used for green area irrigation；The plant includes rush, iris and reed, planting proportion For 1:1:1, planting density is not less than 16 plants/m2。
Present invention further proposes a kind of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment method, include the following steps:
(1) acid waste water and alkaline waste water are collected: by individual pipeline, collecting acid waste water and alkaline waste water respectively, Acid waste water water: alkaline waste water water ratio (3-5): 1；
(2) the resulting water of step (1) aeration stripping: is introduced into aeration stripping pond, 10~15m of aeration intensity3/m2H stops Staying time 0.8-1.0h, pH is about 2~3, is mixed using high steam-water ratio, to increase reaction speed in aeration stripping pond And effect.In acid condition by the exhaust gas stripping in waste water, and the exhaust gas generated during stripping is collected, what precipitated acid was precipitated Precipitating sludge enters sludge concentration tank；
(3) neutralization reaction precipitates: the resulting water of step (2) being introduced neutralization reaction sedimentation basin, in neutralization reaction sedimentation basin Reaction zone add first purity be 85-88% ferrous sulfate further decrease sulfide content because ferrous sulfate have very Strong oxidation-reduction quality, it is very high to the removal rate of sulfide, and its is low in cost, and has good decolorizing effect.On the one hand, Ferrous sulfate hydrolyzes generated ferrous ion (Fe after adding in waste water2+) can be with sulphion (S2-) react generation Iron sulfide (FeS) precipitates into sludge.On the other hand, after ferrous sulfate is put into waste water, generated complex compound is hydrolyzed, The sulphion in waste water can be passed through in a series of absorption-electricity with other pollution suspended matters under the action of hydraulic mixing condition With-net is caught-reaction polymerizeing, sulfide is promoted to form iron sulfide, and finally aggregate into alumen ustum with other organic pollutants, in weight The lower precipitating of power effect forms closely knit sludge.After to add purity be that 11-15% carbide slag improves pH value of waste water to 9.5~10.5, Carbide slag dosage: 0.9-1.2kg/m3Sewage forms Zn2+Alkaline sediment；Next adds polyacrylamide PAM, adds Amount is 3-10mg/L, electrokinetic potential can be made to reduce cohesion by charge neutralization, enhance the flocculating effect of water body.Reaction zone Coagulation, flocculating result, 5~7m of aeration intensity are improved by aeration3/m2H, residence time 0.5-1.0h；
The settling zone of neutralization reaction sedimentation basin uses rectangular sedimentation tank pond type, carries out muddy water and efficiently separates, is formed by Floc particle is larger, is easier to precipitate, and can obtain the effect of preferable removal COD and hardly degraded organic substance；Surface loading 1.0~ 1.5m3/m2H, precipitating sludge enter sludge concentration tank, collect the gas sampling generated in neutralization reaction precipitation process；
(4) step aeration tank
The resulting water of step (3) is introduced into step aeration system, is divided into I grade, II grade and III grade, is respectively as follows:
I grade: dissolved oxygen 0.5-2.0mg/L, residence time 3-6h, and add attapulgite clay adsorbent；
II grade: dissolved oxygen 3.5-4.5mg/L, residence time 6-8h；
III grade: dissolved oxygen 4.6-5.5mg/L, residence time 1-2h；Water outlet reaches discharge standard and carries out qualified discharge；
Step aeration tank aeration uses the aeration stirrer of layer impeller, to the maximum extent by fluid behaviour and mechanical fortune It is dynamic to combine.According to water body flow, design is intake from the center of impeller, and this aspect reduces into water turbulent flow, is on the other hand protected It is uniform to the pressure of impeller surface liquid is demonstrate,proved, to guarantee balance of the complete machine under motion state.It is dead effectively to eliminate stirring Angle.Bigger serface can get the water body exchange of large area.Step aeration tank is equipped with glass reinforced plastic gas gathering mask, collects aeration process In exhaust gas.
(5) Treatment of Sludge:
Sludge from aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction sedimentation basin, step aeration tank is discharged into sludge concentration tank, after concentration Mechanical dehydration is carried out using chamber-type press filter, the supernatant of sludge concentration tank and the supernatant of sludge dewatering equipment flow back into aeration Stripping pond；
(6) exhaust-gas treatment:
By collected from aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction sedimentation basin, step aeration tank and sludge concentration tank exhaust gas, by drawing Blower enters lye spray column, and by lye spray column packing layer, exhaust gas and sodium hydroxide absorbing liquid progress gas-liquid two-phase are abundant Contact absorbs neutralization reaction, and acid mist exhaust gas is discharged into bacteria bed by blower after purification, then after demisting plate dehydrating demisting, inhales Receive liquid tower bottom after water pump is pressurized tower top spray and under, be finally back to tower bottom recycling.
Preferably, the bacteria bed height 1.2-1.5m, exhaust gas pass through bottom gas distribution pipe from bottom to top and are evenly distributed to On bacteria bed, flow velocity 10-12mm/s contacts residence time 100-150s, and bacteria bed top layout has sprinkler tip.
The bacteria bed top layout has 5 sprinkler tips, the water consumption 0.4-0.6m of every sprinkler tip3/ h, In to one for humidifying, four additional is used for green area irrigation, and for green area irrigation, average summer is 3-5 times daily, each 5- 8min；Spring and autumn 2-3 times weekly, each 3-5min；Winter is not turned on.
Preferably, the dosage of the attapulgite is 50~100mg/L, and the attapulgite clay adsorbent specific surface area is 12~35m2/g；The Al contained in the attapulgite2O39.0-10.1mg/Kg, Fe2O35.7-6.7mg/Kg；CaO 0.42- 1.95mg/Kg。
Preferably, step (6) air-introduced machine uses centrifugal blower, reduces noise.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, the present invention makes the pollutants such as sulfide in viscose fiber wastewater, zinc ion exist It is comprehensively and effectively removed in stripping reaction, neutralization reaction precipitating, step aeration system.Exhaust gas is in lye spray column and biology It is comprehensively and effectively removed in filter bed technique.Sludge is comprehensively and effectively gone in sludge condensation, chamber-type press filter technique Remove, thus after processing water quality indicator qualification, water quality that treated meets COD (COD)≤80mg/L, Zn2+≤2mg/ L, S2-≤ 1mg/L, with the incomparable superiority of prior art.In addition the technology, easy-to-operate, in economy are used Aspect has high feasibility, finally the technology has used lye spray column and biological filter for the first time since prior art maintains an equal level Bed process works well, and has filled up technological gap both domestic and external.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that the present invention is embodied；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of bacteria bed of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a kind of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment system, including Collecting-tank A, collecting-tank B, aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction pond, primary sedimentation tank, pH adjust pond, aeration tank, secondary settling tank, sludge condensation Pond, odor source collection system, gas distributing pipeline system and bacteria bed, in which: collecting-tank A and collecting-tank B respectively with aeration stripping Pond is connected；Aeration stripping pond successively adjusts pond, aeration tank, secondary settling tank, sludge concentration tank phase with neutralization reaction pond, primary sedimentation tank, pH Even；Odor source collection system is used to collect the exhaust gas from aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction pond, aeration tank and sludge concentration tank, The exhaust gas of collection is sequentially sent to lye spray column packing layer and living soil filter bed by air-introduced machine.Wherein air-introduced machine use from Heart blower reduces noise.
Specifically, air stirrer is equipped with inside aeration stripping pond, top is provided with glass reinforced plastic gas gathering mask, for collecting The exhaust gas generated during stripping, bottom are provided with settler, hemicellulose and oily substance for being precipitated for precipitated acid etc., Precipitating sludge enters sludge concentration tank.Neutralization reaction pond includes reaction zone and settling zone, and neutralization reaction sedimentation basin is equipped with glass Steel gas gathering mask, wherein settling zone uses rectangular sedimentation tank pond type, carries out muddy water and efficiently separates.Step aeration tank aeration uses The aeration stirrer of layer impeller, according to water body flow, design is intake from the center of impeller, and step aeration tank is equipped with glass Steel gas gathering mask.Bacteria bed is made of the gravel supporting layer, ecological filtering layer and soil horizon set gradually, soil horizon planting plants, Wherein, gravel support layer height 0.2-0.5m, partial size 8-16mm；Ecological filter height 0.6-0.8m, partial size 2-4mm；Soil horizon Height 0.2-0.5m, partial size are less than 0.01mm.Wherein, plant includes rush (Juncus effusus L.), iris (Iris Tectorum Maxim.), reed (Phragmites australias Trin.), planting proportion 1:1:1, planting density is not Less than 16 plants/m2。
The method handled using above-mentioned apparatus are as follows:
(1) acid waste water and alkaline waste water are collected: by individual pipeline, collecting acid waste water and alkaline waste water respectively, Acid waste water water: alkaline waste water water ratio (3-5): 1；
(2) the resulting water of step (1) aeration stripping: is introduced into aeration stripping pond, 10~15m of aeration intensity3/m2H stops Staying time 0.8-1.0h, pH is about 2~3, is mixed using high steam-water ratio, to increase reaction speed in aeration stripping pond And effect.In acid condition by the exhaust gas stripping in waste water, and the exhaust gas generated during stripping is collected, what precipitated acid was precipitated Precipitating sludge enters sludge concentration tank；
(3) neutralization reaction precipitates: the resulting water of step (2) being introduced neutralization reaction sedimentation basin, in neutralization reaction sedimentation basin Reaction zone add first purity be 85-88% ferrous sulfate further decrease sulfide content because ferrous sulfate have very Strong oxidation-reduction quality, it is very high to the removal rate of sulfide, and its is low in cost, and has good decolorizing effect.On the one hand, Ferrous sulfate hydrolyzes generated ferrous ion (Fe after adding in waste water2+) can be with sulphion (S2-) react generation Iron sulfide (FeS) precipitates into sludge.On the other hand, after ferrous sulfate is put into waste water, generated complex compound is hydrolyzed, The sulphion in waste water can be passed through in a series of absorption-electricity with other pollution suspended matters under the action of hydraulic mixing condition With-net is caught-reaction polymerizeing, sulfide is promoted to form iron sulfide, and finally aggregate into alumen ustum with other organic pollutants, in weight The lower precipitating of power effect forms closely knit sludge.After to add purity be that 11-15% carbide slag improves pH value of waste water to 9.5~10.5, Carbide slag dosage: 0.9-1.2kg/m3Sewage forms Zn2+Alkaline sediment；Next adds polyacrylamide PAM, adds Amount is 3-10mg/L, electrokinetic potential can be made to reduce cohesion by charge neutralization, enhance the flocculating effect of water body.Reaction zone Coagulation, flocculating result, 5~7m of aeration intensity are improved by aeration3/m2H, residence time 0.5-1.0h；
The settling zone of neutralization reaction sedimentation basin uses rectangular sedimentation tank pond type, carries out muddy water and efficiently separates, is formed by Floc particle is larger, is easier to precipitate, and can obtain the effect of preferable removal COD and hardly degraded organic substance；Surface loading 1.0~ 1.5m3/m2H, precipitating sludge enter sludge concentration tank, collect the gas sampling generated in neutralization reaction precipitation process；
(4) step aeration tank
The resulting water of step (3) is introduced into step aeration system, is divided into I grade (including region A and B), II grade of (including region C and D) and III grade (including region E and F), it is respectively as follows:
I grade (including region A and B): dissolved oxygen 0.5-2.0mg/L, residence time 3-6h, and add attapulgite absorption Agent, dosage are 50~100mg/L, 12~35m of attapulgite clay adsorbent specific surface area used2/ g, wherein containing Al2O3 9.0-10.1mg/Kg；Fe2O35.7-6.7mg/Kg；CaO 0.42-1.95mg/Kg.Attapulgite clay adsorbent is added, absorption is difficult Degradation of organic substances and carrier is provided for aerobic microbiological, improve sludge concentration and settling property, and then improve effluent quality；
II grade (including region C and D): dissolved oxygen 3.5-4.5mg/L, residence time 6-8h；
III grade (including region E and F): dissolved oxygen 4.6-5.5mg/L, residence time 1-2h；Water outlet reach discharge standard into Row qualified discharge.
Step aeration tank aeration uses the aeration stirrer of layer impeller, to the maximum extent by fluid behaviour and mechanical fortune It is dynamic to combine.According to water body flow, design is intake from the center of impeller, and this aspect reduces into water turbulent flow, is on the other hand protected It is uniform to the pressure of impeller surface liquid is demonstrate,proved, to guarantee balance of the complete machine under motion state.It is dead effectively to eliminate stirring Angle.Bigger serface can get the water body exchange of large area.Step aeration tank is equipped with glass reinforced plastic gas gathering mask, collects aeration process In exhaust gas.
(5) Treatment of Sludge:
Sludge from aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction sedimentation basin, step aeration tank is discharged into sludge concentration tank, after concentration Mechanical dehydration is carried out using chamber-type press filter, the supernatant of sludge concentration tank and the supernatant of sludge dewatering equipment flow back into aeration Stripping pond；
(6) exhaust-gas treatment:
By collected from aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction sedimentation basin, step aeration tank and sludge concentration tank exhaust gas, by drawing Blower enters lye spray column, and by lye spray column packing layer, exhaust gas and sodium hydroxide absorbing liquid progress gas-liquid two-phase are abundant Contact absorbs neutralization reaction, and acid mist exhaust gas is discharged into bacteria bed by blower after purification, then after demisting plate dehydrating demisting, inhales Receive liquid tower bottom after water pump is pressurized tower top spray and under, be finally back to tower bottom recycling.
Illustrate the treatment effect of apparatus of the present invention below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Raw water is derived from certain viscose fiber wastewater plant chimney stalk in embodiment 1, and handling total amount day is 56000m3/ d, wherein acid Property waste water water 42000m3/ d, alkaline waste water water 14000m3/ d, runs for 24 hours, when processing sewage quantity be 2333m3/ h gives up The main contamination index of water is CODCr、pH、SS、Zn2+、S2-, waste water quality is as follows:
Above-mentioned waste water to be processed is entered in present invention process building processing and reclaiming system, waste water to be processed passes sequentially through Collecting-tank, aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction pond, primary sedimentation tank, pH adjust pond, aeration tank, secondary settling tank, sludge concentration tank；It neutralizes anti- The pH that the ferrous sulfate that purity is 85% and the calcium carbide slurry that purity is 12% control waste water are added in Ying Chichi is 10-10.5； PH adjustment pond adjusts wastewater pH to 7.2 guarantee biochemical systems and is in suitable condition, and adds N, P nutritive salt in distribution well and reach COD:N:P=100:5:1 meets the needs of subsequent biochemical system；Other processing methods see above processing mode.Secondary settling tank is remaining Sludge is back to aeration tank in 25% ratio, and mud discharging is into sludge concentration tank；Sludge reflux ratio is according to technological design stream Journey and the setting of plant area's experience, sludge reflux are mainly to maintain sludge activity, do not make sludge bulking, make the suspension fixed concentration in pond It keeps relative stability.The excessive sludge activity of reflux ratio is lower, and process performance is poor；Reflux ratio is too low, and it is swollen sludge may to occur It is swollen.Sludge concentration tank supernatant flows into collecting-tank water inlet end, and turbid solution enters sludge dewatering equipment by elevator pump；Sludge dewatering equipment For chamber-type press filter, using mechanical dehydration, pressing filtering liquid flows into collecting-tank water inlet end, dry mud outward transport.
Through operational management after a period of time, after system is stablized, treatment effect of the invention are as follows: secondary clarifier effluent CODCr Lower than 75mg/L, pH control is lower than 60mg/L, Zn in 7 or so, SS2+Concentration is lower than 2mg/L, S2-Concentration is lower than 1mg/L；To not Gas-chromatography (GC-MS) analysis is carried out with ingredient in structure unit it is found that containing C in acid conditioning tank7H8、C4H6O2、C4H6O3 Deng 18 kinds of organic matters, wherein have 6 kinds of rouge, 4 kinds of alkane, 4 kinds of acid, a kind of ketone, 2 kinds of benzene analog derivatives, a kind of amide；Alkaline conditioning tank In contain C6H8O、C6H12O、C7H8Deng organic matter in 27, wherein have 6 kinds of rouge, 3 kinds of alkane, 2 kinds of alcohol, 2 kinds of acid, 4 kinds of ketone, 2 kinds Phenol, 2 kinds of benzene analog derivatives, 2 kinds of amides, 3 kinds of heterocyclic compounds, a kind of alkene derivatives；Contain C in neutralization reaction pond6H12O、 C7H8、C6H12O2Deng 21 kinds of organic matters, wherein there is 6 kinds of rouge, a kind of alkane, 2 kinds of alcohol, 4 kinds of acid, 3 kinds of ketone, a kind of phenol, 2 kinds of benzene classes spread out Biology, a kind of amide, a kind of heterocyclic compound；Contain C in primary sedimentation tank7H8、C7H8O、C8H16O2Deng 29 kinds of organic matters, wherein there is 8 kinds Rouge, 4 kinds of alkane, 3 kinds of alcohol, 3 kinds of acid, 2 kinds of ketone, 2 kinds of phenol, 4 kinds of benzene analog derivatives, a kind of amide, a kind of heterocyclic compound, a kind of acyl Chlorine；Contain C in aeration tank a-quadrant5H9Cl、C6H8O、C6H12The organic matters such as O, region B contain C5H9Cl、C6H8O、C6H12O etc. is organic Object, region C contain C6H8O、C6H12O、C7H8Equal organic matters, region D contain C7H8、C4H6O3、C5H8O3Equal organic matters, region E contain There is C7H8、C4H6O3、C5H8O3Equal organic matters, region F contain C5H9Cl、C7H8、C6H14The organic matters such as O, entire aeration unit are total 29 kinds of organic matters, wherein have 6 kinds of rouge, 4 kinds of alkane, 3 kinds of alcohol, 4 kinds of acid, 2 kinds of ketone, a kind of phenol, a kind of ether, 2 kinds of benzene analog derivatives, 2 Kind amide, a kind of heterocyclic compound, 3 kinds of alkene derivatives；Contain C in discharge outlet6H8O、C6H12O、C7H8Deng 24 kinds of organic matters, In have 6 kinds of rouge, 3 kinds of alcohol, 2 kinds of acid, 3 kinds of ketone, a kind of phenol, 3 kinds of ethers, a kind of benzene analog derivative, 2 kinds of amides, 3 kinds of heterocyclic compounds. Therefore can be found that: organism kinds are more in acid conditioning tank and alkaline conditioning tank, and comparison of ingredients is complicated.By neutralization reaction Pond, organism kinds significantly reduce in waste water, mainly benzene analog derivative, phenols, alkanes.By primary sedimentation tank and aeration tank, Organic pollutant concentration is less.Organic matter has no alkanes in final discharge outlet, shows that Biochemical Treatment is preferable.In addition, should Method substantially increases Treated sewage reusing rate under the premise of not influencing product quality, reaches 60% or more, the average place of water per ton Reason expense is 0.65 yuan (taking without depreciation, maintenance and sludge treatment).
Embodiment 2
Raw water is derived from certain viscose fiber wastewater plant chimney stalk in embodiment 2, and handling total amount day is 48000m3/ d, wherein acid Property waste water water 32000m3/ d, alkaline waste water water 16000m3/ d, runs for 24 hours, when processing sewage quantity be 2100m3/ h gives up The main contamination index of water is CODCr、pH、SS、Zn2+、S2-, waste water quality is as follows:
Above-mentioned waste water to be processed is entered in present invention process building processing and reclaiming system, waste water to be processed passes sequentially through Collecting-tank, aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction pond, primary sedimentation tank, pH adjust pond, aeration tank, secondary settling tank, sludge concentration tank；It neutralizes anti- The pH that the ferrous sulfate that purity is 86% and the calcium carbide slurry that purity is 13% control waste water are added in Ying Chichi is 10-10.5； PH adjustment pond adjusts wastewater pH to 7.5 guarantee biochemical systems and is in suitable condition, and adds N, P nutritive salt in distribution well and reach COD:N:P=100:5:1 meets the needs of subsequent biochemical system；Other conditions see above, and secondary settling tank excess sludge is pressed 30% ratio is back to aeration tank, and mud discharging is into sludge concentration tank；Sludge concentration tank supernatant flows into collecting-tank water inlet end, Turbid solution enters sludge dewatering equipment by elevator pump；Sludge dewatering equipment is chamber-type press filter, and using mechanical dehydration, pressing filtering liquid is flowed into Collecting-tank water inlet end, dry mud outward transport.
Through operational management after a period of time, after system is stablized, treatment effect of the invention are as follows: secondary clarifier effluent CODCr Lower than 80mg/L, pH control is lower than 70mg/L, Zn in 7 or so, SS2+Concentration is lower than 2mg/L, S2-Concentration is lower than 1mg/L；To not Gas-chromatography (GC-MS) analysis is carried out with ingredient in structure unit it is found that containing C in acid conditioning tank5H8O3、C4H6O2、 C18H34O2Deng 15 kinds of organic matters, wherein have 5 kinds of rouge, 3 kinds of alkane, 4 kinds of acid, a kind of ketone, a kind of benzene analog derivative, a kind of amide；Alkalinity Contain C in conditioning tank6H12O2、C6H12O、C14H22Organic matter in O etc. 25, wherein have 5 kinds of rouge, 3 kinds of alkane, 2 kinds of alcohol, 2 kinds of acid, 3 Kind ketone, 2 kinds of phenol, 2 kinds of benzene analog derivatives, 2 kinds of amides, 3 kinds of heterocyclic compounds, a kind of alkene derivatives；Contain in neutralization reaction pond C6H12O、C5H8O3、C16H22O4Deng 20 kinds of organic matters, wherein have 6 kinds of rouge, a kind of alkane, 2 kinds of alcohol, 4 kinds of acid, 2 kinds of ketone, a kind of phenol, 2 Kind benzene analog derivative, a kind of amide, a kind of heterocyclic compound；Contain 25 kinds of C5H8O3, C12H20O, C18H36O2 etc. in primary sedimentation tank Organic matter, wherein have 6 kinds of rouge, 3 kinds of alkane, 3 kinds of alcohol, 3 kinds of acid, 2 kinds of ketone, 2 kinds of phenol, a kind of benzene analog derivative, a kind of amide, a kind Heterocyclic compound, a kind of acyl chlorides；Contain C in aeration tank a-quadrant7H8、C5H8O3、C6H12The organic matters such as O, region B contain C7H8、 C6H12O2、C6H12The organic matters such as O, region C contain C6H12O2、C6H12O、C7H8Equal organic matters, region D contain C7H8、C7H14O3、 C16H32O2Equal organic matters, region E contain C7H8、C7H14O3、C5H8O3Equal organic matters, region F contain C7H14O3、C7H8、C6H8OS etc. Organic matter, entire aeration unit amounts to 30 kinds of organic matters, wherein have 6 kinds of rouge, 4 kinds of alkane, 3 kinds of alcohol, 4 kinds of acid, 3 kinds of ketone, a kind Phenol, a kind of ether, 2 kinds of benzene analog derivatives, 2 kinds of amides, a kind of heterocyclic compound, 3 kinds of alkene derivatives；Contain C in discharge outlet5H8O3、 C6H12O、C12H26O4Deng 22 kinds of organic matters, wherein there is 5 kinds of rouge, 3 kinds of alcohol, 2 kinds of acid, 2 kinds of ketone, a kind of phenol, 3 kinds of ethers, a kind of benzene class spreads out Biology, 2 kinds of amides, 3 kinds of heterocyclic compounds.Therefore can be found that: organism kinds are more in acid conditioning tank and alkaline conditioning tank, Comparison of ingredients is complicated.By neutralization reaction pond, organism kinds are significantly reduced in waste water, mainly benzene analog derivative, phenols, alkane Hydro carbons.By primary sedimentation tank and aeration tank, organic pollutant concentration is less.Organic matter has no alkanes in final discharge outlet, shows Biochemical Treatment is preferable.In addition, this method under the premise of not influencing product quality, substantially increases Treated sewage reusing rate, reach To 60% or more, the average treatment expense of water per ton is 0.60 yuan (taking without depreciation, maintenance and sludge treatment).
The present invention makes the pollutants such as sulfide in viscose fiber wastewater, zinc ion in stripping reaction, neutralization reaction precipitating, ladder It is comprehensively and effectively removed in grade aeration system.Exhaust gas obtains comprehensively and effectively in lye spray column and bacteria bed technique Removal.Sludge is comprehensively and effectively removed in sludge condensation, chamber-type press filter technique, thus processing after water quality indicator conjunction Lattice, water quality that treated meet COD (COD)≤80mg/L, Zn2+≤ 2mg/L, S2-≤ 1mg/L has prior art Incomparable superiority.In addition the technology is used, easy-to-operate has since prior art maintains an equal level in terms of economy There is high feasibility, finally the technology has used lye spray column and bacteria bed technique for the first time, works well, and has filled up state Inside and outside technological gap.
Schematically the present invention and embodiments thereof are described above, description is not limiting, institute in attached drawing What is shown is also one of embodiments of the present invention, and actual structure is not limited to this.So if the common skill of this field Art personnel are enlightened by it, without departing from the spirit of the invention, are not inventively designed and the technical solution Similar frame mode and embodiment, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. the system of a kind of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment, which is characterized in that including collecting-tank A, collecting-tank B, expose Air-blowing take off pond, neutralization reaction pond, primary sedimentation tank, pH adjustment pond, aeration tank, secondary settling tank, sludge concentration tank, odor source collection system, Lye spray column packing layer and living soil filter bed, in which:
The collecting-tank A and collecting-tank B are connected with aeration stripping pond respectively,
The aeration stripping pond successively adjusts pond, aeration tank, secondary settling tank, sludge concentration tank phase with neutralization reaction pond, primary sedimentation tank, pH Even；
The odor source collection system is for collecting from aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction pond, aeration tank and sludge concentration tank The exhaust gas of exhaust gas, collection is sequentially sent to lye spray column packing layer and living soil filter bed by air-introduced machine, wherein aeration tank For step aeration tank, the step aeration tank aeration uses the aeration stirrer of layer impeller, according to water body flow, design from The center of impeller intakes, and step aeration tank is equipped with glass reinforced plastic gas gathering mask；The living soil filter bed is by the gravel that sets gradually Stone supporting layer, ecological filtering layer and soil horizon composition, soil horizon planting plants, wherein gravel support layer height 0.2-0.5m, partial size 8-16mm；Ecological filter height 0.6-0.8m, partial size 2-4mm；Soil layer height 0.2-0.5m, partial size are less than 0.01mm；It is described Living soil filter bed top layout has 5 sprinkler tips, the water consumption 0.4-0.6m of every sprinkler tip3/ h, one of them For humidifying, four additional is used for green area irrigation；The plant includes rush, iris and reed, planting proportion 1:1:1, Planting density is not less than 16 plants/m2。
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that air stirrer is equipped with inside the aeration stripping pond, Top is provided with glass reinforced plastic gas gathering mask, and for collecting the exhaust gas generated during stripping, bottom is provided with settler, and precipitating is dirty Mud enters sludge concentration tank.
3. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the neutralization reaction pond includes reaction zone and settling zone, in Glass reinforced plastic gas gathering mask is equipped with reaction tank, wherein settling zone uses rectangular sedimentation tank pond type, carries out muddy water and efficiently separates.
4. a kind of method of viscose fiber wastewater, sludge, exhaust-gas treatment, which comprises the steps of:
(1) acid waste water and alkaline waste water are collected: by individual pipeline, collecting acid waste water and alkaline waste water respectively, it is acid Waste water water: alkaline waste water water ratio (3-5): 1；
(2) the resulting water of step (1) aeration stripping: is introduced into aeration stripping pond, 10~15m of aeration intensity3/m2H, when stop Between 0.8-1.0h, pH is 2~3, in acid condition by the exhaust gas stripping in waste water, and collect generate during stripping it is useless Gas, the precipitating sludge that precipitated acid is precipitated enter sludge concentration tank；
(3) neutralization reaction precipitates: the resulting water of step (2) is introduced into neutralization reaction pond, neutralization reaction pond reaction zone first Add the ferrous sulfate that purity is 85-88% and further decrease sulfide content, after add purity to be that 11-15% carbide slag improves useless Water pH value is to 9.5 ~ 10.5, carbide slag dosage: 0.9-1.2kg/m3Sewage forms Zn2+Alkaline sediment；Next adds poly- Acrylamide PAM, dosage 3-10mg/L；Reaction zone improves coagulation, flocculating result, 5~7m of aeration intensity by aeration3/ m2H, residence time 0.5-1.0h；
The settling zone of neutralization reaction pond uses rectangular sedimentation tank pond type, carries out muddy water and efficiently separates, is formed by floc particle It is larger, it is easier to precipitate, the effect of preferable removal COD and hardly degraded organic substance can be obtained；1.0~1.5m of surface loading3/m2· H, precipitating sludge enter sludge concentration tank, collect the exhaust gas generated in neutralization reaction precipitation process；
(4) step is aerated:
The resulting water of step (3) is introduced into step aeration system, is divided into I grade, II grade and III grade, is respectively as follows:
I grade: dissolved oxygen 0.5-2.0 mg/L, residence time 3-6h, and add attapulgite clay adsorbent；
II grade: dissolved oxygen 3.5-4.5mg/L, residence time 6-8h；
III grade: dissolved oxygen 4.6-5.5 mg/L, residence time 1-2h；Water outlet reaches discharge standard and carries out qualified discharge；
(5) Treatment of Sludge:
Sludge from aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction pond, step aeration tank is discharged into sludge concentration tank, van-type is used after concentration Filter press carries out mechanical dehydration, and the supernatant of sludge concentration tank and the supernatant of sludge dewatering equipment flow back into aeration stripping pond；
(6) exhaust-gas treatment:
By collected from aeration stripping pond, neutralization reaction pond, step aeration tank and sludge concentration tank exhaust gas, entered by air-introduced machine Lye spray column, by lye spray column packing layer, exhaust gas and sodium hydroxide absorbing liquid carry out gas-liquid two-phase and come into full contact with absorption Neutralization reaction, acid mist exhaust gas are discharged into living soil filter bed by blower after purification, then after demisting plate dehydrating demisting, absorb Liquid tower bottom after water pump is pressurized tower top spray and under, be finally back to tower bottom recycling.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the living soil filters bed height 1.2-1.5m, exhaust gas It is evenly distributed on living soil filter bed by bottom gas distribution pipe from bottom to top, flow velocity 10-12 mm/s, contacts the residence time 100-150s, living soil filter bed top layout have sprinkler tip.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the living soil filter bed top layout has 5 waterings Spray head, the water consumption 0.4-0.6m of every sprinkler tip3/ h, wherein four additional is used for green area irrigation to one for humidifying, For green area irrigation, average summer is 3-5 times daily, each 5-8 min；Spring and autumn 2-3 times weekly, each 3-5min；Winter does not open It opens.
7. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the dosage of the attapulgite is 50 ~ 100mg/L, institute Stating attapulgite clay adsorbent specific surface area is 12~35m2/g；The Al contained in the attapulgite2O3 9.0-10.1 mg/Kg、 Fe2O3 5.7-6.7 mg/Kg、CaO 0.42-1.95mg/Kg。
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