CN107999841B - Avoid the processing method and cutting tool of aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect - Google Patents
Avoid the processing method and cutting tool of aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect Download PDFInfo
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- CN107999841B CN107999841B CN201711364684.3A CN201711364684A CN107999841B CN 107999841 B CN107999841 B CN 107999841B CN 201711364684 A CN201711364684 A CN 201711364684A CN 107999841 B CN107999841 B CN 107999841B
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- seal groove
- cutting edge
- microdefect
- cutting
- groove bottom
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
- B23C3/28—Grooving workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
- B23P9/02—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
- B23C2200/28—Angles
- B23C2200/286—Positive cutting angles
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Abstract
The invention discloses the processing methods and cutting tool that avoid aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, this method is the cutting characteristic by combining aluminium alloy using extruding metal plastic deformation, seal groove bottom is processed in such a way that cutting and the micro- squeezing action interaction of finishing carry out, the appearance for avoiding seal groove bottom microdefect reaches the processing request of seal groove；Cutting tool used in this method, including positive rake angle cutting edge and small negative rake cutting edge, the positive rake angle cutting edge and small negative rake cutting edge are alternatively arranged.Present invention machining accuracy in the process of aluminum alloy part is higher, can avoid seal groove bottom and microdefect occurs, meet machine-building requirement, reduces the shell cost that the phase scraps after processing caused by occurring because of microdefect.
Description
Technical field
It is a kind of to avoid aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect the present invention relates to a kind of machining process and cutter
Processing method and cutting tool.
Background technique
During the process and assemble of engineering goods, often there are cast aluminium alloy gold shell part needs to install in seal groove
The rubber seal requirement being sealed hydraulic to enclosure interior.Due to the characteristic of casting technique, casting microdefect is usually not
It can avoid, and be irregular distribution.According to HB963 " aluminium alloy castings specification ", to aluminium alloy castings Cast hole, loose
Etc. be allow by rank using.But for the cast aluminium alloy gold shell part of aircraft and engine, it is desirable that in seal groove
Without any defect.This is extremely difficult to such zero-fault requirement for aluminium alloy casting characteristics.
Cast aluminium alloy gold enclosure interior is filled with the oil or gas of pressure, usually adopts in addition to installing all kinds of parts, inside
Rubber seal is installed to play the role of sealing internal cavity in the seal groove of shell.Therefore, the processing quality pair of seal groove
It is very crucial to seal validity, reliability, to aircraft and engine aluminum alloy part, generally requires at seal groove " zero-fault ".
But it due to the feature of casting technique, casts microdefect and is not avoided that.Conventional hermetic slot process tool is positive rake angle design,
It ensure that the sharp of tool blade.But at aluminum alloy part seal groove, the sealing trench bottom through general slot knife machining, often
Often expose the casting microdefect that casting is difficult to avoid that.These defects are allowed at other positions of casting, but cannot be close
Sealing groove bottom occurs, these defects will affect the sealing performance of casting part.Add in the casting aluminum alloy parts of aircraft and engine
In work, when part is basically completed processing flow frequent occurrence, part is due to the case where microdefect occur in seal groove and scrapping.Cause
This, Conventional processing methods have easily occurring microdefect in seal groove in the process of aluminum alloy part, not only difficult
To meet machine-building requirement, and cause manufacturing cost excessively high due to scrapping at the end of processing flow is fast.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the processing methods for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect.The present invention exists
Machining accuracy is higher in the process of aluminum alloy part, can avoid seal groove bottom and microdefect occurs, meets machine-building requirement,
Reduce the shell cost that the phase scraps after processing caused by occurring because of microdefect.
Technical solution of the present invention: the processing method for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, this method are to pass through
The cutting characteristic that aluminium alloy is combined using extruding metal plastic deformation, the side carried out using cutting and the micro- squeezing action interaction of finishing
Formula is processed seal groove bottom, avoids the appearance of seal groove bottom microdefect, reaches the processing request of seal groove.
In the processing method above-mentioned for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, the method be by roughing,
Semifinishing processes seal groove with three steps of finishing, and the roughing is given for removing seal groove major part surplus
Semifinishing and finishing provide processing basis；The semifinishing, be by using compared to the high cutter revolving speed of roughing and
The amount of feeding low compared to roughing processes sealing ring, the surface quality and dimensional accuracy for lift-off seal ring recess；Institute
Finishing is stated, is by the cutting squeezing knife tool with two kinds of blades of positive rake angle cutting edge and small negative rake cutting edge, by cutting
It cuts and process seal groove bottom with the micro- squeezing action interaction of finishing, guarantee sealing bottom surface roughness, and eliminate sealing
The casting microdefect of slot bottom, reaches the processing request of seal groove.
In the processing method above-mentioned for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, the roughing is milled using universal vat
Knife is processed, and sealing rooved face is worked into surface roughness Ra 3.2, slot bottom made allowance 0.2mm.
In the processing method above-mentioned for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, the semifinishing be by using
Conventional knife reaches the dimensional accuracy for improving seal groove bottom and surface is thick by the cutting for improving cutter revolving speed, reducing the amount of feeding
The purpose of rugosity；The finishing is positive rake angle cutting edge and small negative rake cutting edge by cutting squeezing knife tool successively to close
Sealing groove bottom is processed.
In the processing method above-mentioned for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, the roughing be semifinishing,
Made allowance 0.20mm altogether is finished, semifinishing is final finishing made allowance 0.05mm；More than final finishing removal 0.05mm
Amount reaches the final size and surface roughness requirements of seal groove, while by the micro- extruding of the finishing of cutting squeezing knife tool and cutting
The effect of cutting removes shell cast microdefect in final finishing passes.
In the processing method above-mentioned for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, the cutting squeezing knife tool positive rake angle
Cutting edge is used for machining, and small negative rake cutting edge is used for the micro- extrusion process of finishing.
Cutting tool used in the processing method above-mentioned for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, including positive rake angle
Cutting edge and small negative rake cutting edge, the positive rake angle cutting edge and small negative rake cutting edge are alternatively arranged.
In cutting tool above-mentioned, the positive rake angle angle of the positive rake angle cutting edge is 5 °~8 °, and nose radius Ra is 0.2
~0.4mm；The negative rake angle of the small negative rake cutting edge is -2 °~0 °, and nose radius Rb is 0.2~0.4mm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention devises a kind of cut with the mode of the micro- squeeze mode interaction progress of finishing and adds
Upgrading slot bottom roughness is cut by a cutting edge in work seal groove bottom, and the micro- extruding of the finishing of another cutting edge avoids micro-
Defect occurs, and achievees the purpose that the original tiny flaw in processed casting seal groove bottom disappears substantially；Particular by cutting
The positive rake angle cutting edge of squeezing knife tool is cut for machining, small negative rake cutting edge is used for the micro- extrusion process of finishing, so that knife
Tool reaches cutting and Extrusion purpose in process, to efficiently avoid the appearance of seal groove bottom microdefect.
1., analysis and processing experiment:
In order to eliminate or avoid the tiny flaw in the processing of Al-alloy casing seal groove to exist, it is proposed in the method for the present invention
Before, using the methods of repair welding, gluing, it cannot all reach product to the requirement such as the intensity of shell and product use environment；Later
It is plastically deformed after having the characteristics that certain extruding in view of metal, to smooth using metal cylinder by rough machined seal groove bottom
Bottom surface squeezes seal groove bottom, but scratch occurs in seal groove bottom after extruding, and roughness cannot reach processing request；It is used before bearing in turn
Angle cutter squeezes surface, still there is extrusion process scratch, cannot reach slot bottom finished surface requirement.
By the above processing experiment, the technical requirements of Al-alloy casing seal groove bottom roughness 1.6 are analyzed, using extruding
Mode be it is infeasible, need sharp cutting to can be only achieved surface roughness requirements；But sharp cutting will be casting
Microdefect is exposed.Therefore, the resultant effect of plastic extruding deformation and sharp cutting is realized in analysis in process, can
Reach the technical requirements of housing seal slot bottom.
Therefore, the integration requirement that analysis is squeezed and cut, devises a kind of cutting squeezing knife tool, cutter structure is shown in Fig. 1:
There are negative rake cutting edge and positive rake angle cutting edge simultaneously on one process tool, negative rake cutting edge and positive rake angle in cutting process
Cutting edge alternating action realizes the processing for avoiding aluminum alloy trough bottom microdefect from occurring, reaches product to the technical requirements of shell.
2., processing flow and machined parameters design
The processing of seal groove is divided into roughing, semifinishing, finishes three steps to carry out.Roughing process is used to remove
Most of surplus, to semifinishing, finishing one preferable basis.Semifinishing process: by the revolving speed higher than roughing,
Lower feeding promotes surface quality and dimensional accuracy by rough machined seal groove, at this moment casts microdefect and is easy cruelly
Dew.Finishing step: using the cutting and micro- squeezing action of cutting squeezing knife tool, guarantee the same of sealing bottom surface roughness
When, the microdefect at seal groove bottom is eliminated, the final technical requirements of seal groove are reached.
In conclusion present invention machining accuracy in the process of aluminum alloy part is higher, it can avoid seal groove bottom and go out
Existing microdefect, meets machine-building requirement, reduces the shell cost that the phase scraps after processing caused by occurring because of microdefect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of positive rake angle cutting edge；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of small negative rake cutting edge；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of Al-alloy casing.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but be not intended as to the present invention limit according to
According to.
Embodiment 1.The processing method for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, this method
The cutting characteristic by combining aluminium alloy using extruding metal plastic deformation, using cutting and the interaction of finishing micro- squeezing action into
Capable mode is processed seal groove bottom, avoids the appearance of seal groove bottom microdefect, reaches the processing request of seal groove.
The method is to be processed by roughing, semifinishing and three steps of finishing to seal groove, described slightly to add
Work provides processing basis for removing seal groove major part surplus, to semifinishing and finishing；The semifinishing is to pass through
Sealing ring is processed using the cutter revolving speed high compared to the roughing amount of feeding low with roughing is compared, is used for lift-off seal
The surface quality and dimensional accuracy of ring recess；The finishing is by with positive rake angle cutting edge and small negative rake cutting edge two
The cutting squeezing knife tool of kind blade process seal groove bottom by cutting and the micro- squeezing action interaction of finishing, and guarantee is close
Sealing groove bottom surface roughness, and the casting microdefect at seal groove bottom is eliminated, reach the processing request of seal groove；The roughing is adopted
It is processed with general slotting cutter, sealing rooved face is worked into surface roughness Ra 3.2, slot bottom made allowance 0.2mm；Described half
Finishing is, by the cutting for improving cutter revolving speed, reducing the amount of feeding, to reach by using conventional knife and improve seal groove bottom
The purpose of dimensional accuracy and surface roughness；The finishing be positive rake angle cutting edge by cutting squeezing knife tool and it is small it is negative before
Angle cutting edge successively processes seal groove bottom；The roughing is semifinishing, finishes made allowance 0.20mm altogether, half essence
It is processed as finally finishing made allowance 0.05mm；Final finishing removal 0.05mm surplus, reach seal groove final size and
Surface roughness requirements, while by the micro- extruding of finishing and shear action of cutting squeezing knife tool, in final finishing passes
Remove shell cast microdefect；The cutting squeezing knife tool positive rake angle cutting edge is used for machining, and small negative rake cutting edge is used
In the micro- extrusion process of finishing.
Cutting tool used in the above-mentioned processing method for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, including positive rake angle are cut
Sword and small negative rake cutting edge are cut, the positive rake angle cutting edge and small negative rake cutting edge are alternatively arranged.
The positive rake angle angle of the positive rake angle cutting edge is 5 °~8 °, and nose radius Ra is 0.2~0.4mm；It is described small negative
The negative rake angle of anterior angle cutting edge is -2 °~0 °, and nose radius Rb is 0.2~0.4mm.
Working principle: upgrading slot bottom roughness is cut by a cutting edge, the micro- extruding of the finishing of a cutting edge avoids
Microdefect occurs, and achievees the purpose that the original tiny flaw in processed casting seal groove bottom disappears substantially, thus effectively
Avoid the appearance of seal groove bottom microdefect.
Processing flow: the processing of seal groove is divided into roughing, semifinishing, finishes three steps to carry out；
Roughing process is used to remove most of surplus, to semifinishing, finishing one preferable basis；
Semifinishing process: it by the revolving speed higher than roughing, lower feeding, is promoted and passes through rough machined seal groove
Surface quality and dimensional accuracy, at this moment cast microdefect be easy exposure；
Finishing step: using the cutting and micro- squeezing action of cutting squeezing knife tool, guarantee sealing bottom surface roughness
While, the microdefect at seal groove bottom is eliminated, the final technical requirements of seal groove are reached.
Embodiment 2: Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of certain product Al-alloy casing, there is the seal groove of wide 4mm, depth 2.6mm in figure；
Roughing uses conventional knife, and the working depth of seal groove is 2.4mm, and semi-finished working depth is 2.55mm.Finally adopt
With cutting squeezing knife tool, the final finishing of the micro- extruding of finishing has been carried out to seal groove, has reached depth dimensions 2.6mm, sealing ring
The technical requirements of slot bottom roughness 1.6.
Claims (6)
1. the processing method for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, it is characterised in that: this method is to utilize extruding metal
Plastic deformation combines the cutting characteristic of aluminium alloy, is added by roughing, semifinishing and three steps of finishing to seal groove
Work, the roughing provide processing basis for removing seal groove major part surplus, to semifinishing and finishing；Half essence
Processing is to process by using the cutter revolving speed high compared to the roughing amount of feeding low with roughing is compared to sealing ring,
Surface quality and dimensional accuracy for lift-off seal ring recess；The finishing is by with positive rake angle cutting edge and small negative
The cutting squeezing knife tool of two kinds of blades of anterior angle cutting edge, cutting squeezing knife tool positive rake angle cutting edge are used for machining, it is small it is negative before
Angle cutting edge is used for the micro- extrusion process of finishing；Process seal groove bottom by cutting and the micro- squeezing action interaction of finishing,
Guarantee sealing bottom surface roughness, and eliminate the casting microdefect at seal groove bottom, reaches the processing request of seal groove.
2. the processing method according to claim 1 for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, it is characterised in that: institute
It states roughing to be processed using general slotting cutter, sealing rooved face is worked into surface roughness Ra 3.2, slot bottom made allowance
0.2mm。
3. the processing method according to claim 1 for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating semifinishing is, by the cutting for improving cutter revolving speed, reducing the amount of feeding, to reach raising seal groove by using conventional knife
The dimensional accuracy at bottom and the purpose of surface roughness；The finishing is by cutting the positive rake angle cutting edge of squeezing knife tool and small
Negative rake cutting edge successively processes seal groove bottom.
4. the processing method according to claim 1 for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect, it is characterised in that: institute
It states roughing to be semifinishing, finish made allowance 0.20mm altogether, semifinishing is final finishing made allowance 0.05mm；Finally
Finishing removal 0.05mm surplus reaches the final size and surface roughness requirements of seal groove, while squeezing knife by cutting
The micro- extruding of the finishing of tool and shear action remove shell cast microdefect in final finishing passes.
5. according to the processing method for avoiding aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect described in claim 1-4 any claim
Cutting tool used, it is characterised in that: including positive rake angle cutting edge and small negative rake cutting edge, the positive rake angle cutting edge and
Small negative rake cutting edge is alternatively arranged.
6. cutting tool according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the positive rake angle angle of the positive rake angle cutting edge is 5 °
~8 °, nose radius Ra is 0.2~0.4mm；The negative rake angle of the small negative rake cutting edge is -2 °~0 °, nose radius
Rb is 0.2~0.4mm.
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| CN201711364684.3A CN107999841B (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2017-12-18 | Avoid the processing method and cutting tool of aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect |
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| CN201711364684.3A CN107999841B (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2017-12-18 | Avoid the processing method and cutting tool of aluminum alloy part seal groove bottom microdefect |
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| CN107999841B true CN107999841B (en) | 2019-05-03 |
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| CN112570779A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 南京晨光集团有限责任公司 | Anti-vibration T-shaped milling cutter with helical angle for machining sealing grooves of aluminum alloy parts |
| CN113070532B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-06-17 | 广东工业大学 | Ultra-precise cutting method based on surface microstructure design |
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| CN103934491A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-07-23 | 泰州康乾机械制造有限公司 | Machining method of casting machine |
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| CN106312095A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2017-01-11 | 秦皇岛戴卡兴龙轮毂有限公司 | Front side finish machining and reversing turning deburring process invention for cast aluminum alloy hub |
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2017
- 2017-12-18 CN CN201711364684.3A patent/CN107999841B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6138351A (en) * | 1995-03-13 | 2000-10-31 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of making a valve seat |
| CN201511143U (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2010-06-23 | 三门峡戴卡轮毂制造有限公司 | Extrusion blade |
| CN203109262U (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2013-08-07 | 郑州市钻石精密制造有限公司 | Turning tool for outer-diameter machining of aluminum alloy shafts |
| CN104625118A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-20 | 江苏凯特汽车部件有限公司 | Diamond tool bit for machining automobile aluminum alloy wheel |
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