CN107995672B - Method and system for selecting optimal access point by Wi-Fi - Google Patents
Method and system for selecting optimal access point by Wi-Fi Download PDFInfo
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- CN107995672B CN107995672B CN201711328892.8A CN201711328892A CN107995672B CN 107995672 B CN107995672 B CN 107995672B CN 201711328892 A CN201711328892 A CN 201711328892A CN 107995672 B CN107995672 B CN 107995672B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/20—Selecting an access point
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for selecting an optimal access point by Wi-Fi, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1, mode selection: selecting any one of a fast scan mode, a full channel scan mode, and a designated BSSID mode; step 2, channel scanning: performing fast scanning or full channel scanning according to the selected scanning mode; step 3, selecting the best access point: and selecting the best access point according to the setting condition of the mode selection module, the selected scanning mode, the sequencing mode of the mode and the condition that whether the access point which is not connected exists. The system comprises a mode selection module, a scanning algorithm module and an optimal access point selection algorithm module, wherein the mode selection module is provided with a quick scanning mode module, a full channel scanning mode module and a specified BSSID mode module. The method can select the optimal access point according to the requirements of the user, can save time when accessing the network in an optimal mode according to different network environments, and has wide applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Wi-Fi network connection, in particular to a method and a system for selecting an optimal access point by Wi-Fi.
Background
Currently, when a mobile terminal accesses Wi-Fi, there are two scenarios, one is a network access point which is in the surrounding environment and only has one SSID matching, such as a home network. Another is a network environment in which a plurality of the same SSIDs exist in a surrounding environment, such as a public place or an office environment of a large company. In general, the number of access points is known for how many matching SSIDs exist in the periphery, and in the case of a network with only one matching SSID, only one access point to be connected later is scanned, so that it is likely that the scanning is completed on the first channel but many channels still need to be scanned.
In the case of many peripheral access points matching the SSID, it is often necessary to select the optimal access point connection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for selecting an optimal access point by Wi-Fi, which are used for selecting the optimal access point according to the needs of a user during Wi-Fi connection.
In order to achieve the above object, the method for selecting the optimal access point by Wi-Fi of the present invention includes that a mobile terminal scans channels according to a selected scanning mode and selects the optimal access point; when the selected scanning mode is the fast scanning mode, the scanning is finished when any channel is scanned and the access point matched with the SSID is found, and the information of the access point with the best signal is selected through signal strength sequencing and is returned as the optimal access point.
Preferably, each Beacon frame sent by the access point is received and information is analyzed in the channel scanning process, if the SSID or BSSID of the current Beacon frame is matched, or the current Beacon frame is stored before, whether the current Beacon frame is received before is judged, and if the Beacon frame is not received before is judged, information in the current Beacon frame is updated.
Preferably, if it is determined that the current Beacon frame is received before, when the signal strength and the encryption strength of the Beacon frame are above a threshold, the information of the Beacon frame is stored in a matching list, or when the signal strength and the encryption strength of the Beacon frame are below the threshold, the information of the Beacon frame is discarded.
Preferably, when the selected scanning mode is a full-channel scanning mode, any channel is scanned, an access point matched with the SSID is searched, if the scanning is overtime, the next channel is switched to scan, and the scanning is ended until all channels are scanned;
in the channel scanning process, if the current Beacon frame is received before the judgment, the information of the Beacon frame is put into a matching list of which the storage list does not reach the upper limit.
Preferably, if the storage list reaches the upper limit, the replacing of the access point information includes:
clearing the information of the access points exceeding the set time in the storage list, and then putting the information of the current Beacon frame into the matching list;
or, when the current sorting method is sorting according to the strength of the signal, removing the information of the access point with the weakest signal strength in the storage list, and then putting the current Beacon frame into the matching list;
or, when the current sorting method is sorting according to the signal encryption strength, removing the information of the access point with the weakest encryption mode in the storage list, and then putting the current Beacon frame into the matching list.
Preferably, the initial setting contains a set password, and when the ordering is carried out according to the signal intensity, the access point information with the best signal is selected, the optimal access point is found and returned;
or, the initial setting contains a set password, and when the ordering is carried out according to the encryption strength, the most safe access point information is selected to be encrypted, the optimal access point is found and returned;
or when no set password is set during initial setting, searching for the access point information in the Open mode in the list, selecting the access point information in the Open mode with the best signal, finding the optimal access point and returning.
Preferably, when the selected scanning mode is the designated BSSID mode, each Beacon frame sent by the access point is received and information is analyzed in the channel scanning process, and if the current Beacon frame is received before and is matched with the designated BSSID, the Beacon frame is stored in the matching list, and the access point matching the BSSID is found and the search is finished.
Preferably, when the optimal access point is not found in the process of selecting the optimal access point and only one access point exists in the blacklist, returning to the access point in the blacklist;
or, when the best access point is not found in the process of selecting the best access point and the blacklist is not only one access point, returning to null;
the blacklist is used for calibrating the access points which cannot be connected, and the access points entering the blacklist can be skipped during scanning and connection;
the execution strategy of the blacklist is as follows: and when the connection is overtime, adding the current access point into the blacklist, removing the access point from the matching list, judging whether other access points exist in the matching list, if so, trying to connect the next access point, and if not, sending a disconnection to request to scan again.
The present invention also provides an access system for Wi-Fi optimal access point selection, which implements the method for Wi-Fi optimal access point selection described above, and comprises:
a mode selection module provided with a fast scan mode, a full channel scan mode, and a designated BSSID mode for selection;
a scanning algorithm module connected with the mode selection module; the scanning algorithm module correspondingly scans channels according to the mode in the mode selection module;
selecting an optimal access point algorithm module which is connected with the scanning algorithm module; and when the channel scanning process in the scanning algorithm module is finished, selecting the optimal access point in the optimal access point selection algorithm module according to the set condition of the mode selection module, the selected scanning mode and the sequencing mode of the mode.
Preferably, the fast scan mode module comprises a lowest-signal fast mode and a weakest-encryption fast mode;
the full channel scanning mode module comprises a signal intensity type full channel mode and an encryption strong and weak type full channel mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can select the optimal access point according to the initial configuration and the requirements of the user. The method for selecting the optimal access point by the mobile terminal comprises a rapid scanning mode, a full channel scanning mode and a specified BSSID mode, so that the time can be saved and the applicability is wider when the mobile terminal can be accessed to a network in an optimal mode according to different network environments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the overall optimal access method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a mode selection module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of scan channel switching according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the algorithm for storing access point information according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a matching algorithm module method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating the blacklist policy of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides a method and a system for selecting an optimal access point by Wi-Fi, and the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description for the purpose of making the present invention more obvious and understandable.
The method for selecting the optimal access point by the Wi-Fi is a method for selecting the optimal access point according to the user requirement when the Wi-Fi is connected. The method comprises the following three steps: mode selection, channel scanning, and selection of the best access point; the corresponding module structure of the present invention comprises: a mode selection module, a scanning algorithm module and an algorithm module for selecting an optimal access point, as shown in fig. 1.
Step one, mode selection; the method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, the channel scan mode of the present invention includes a fast scan mode and a full channel scan mode. Wherein the fast scan mode is used for a network access point with a surrounding environment having only one matching SSID, such as a home network. The full channel scan mode is used in a peripheral environment with multiple access points matching SSIDs, such as a public place or a large company's office environment.
The mode selection module of the invention comprises a fast scanning mode module, a full channel scanning mode module and a specified BSSID mode module.
(i) Typically, the number of access points for how many matching SSIDs are in the vicinity is known. For a network with only one matching SSID, only one access point to connect to later is scanned, which is likely to complete the scan on the first channel but still requires a large number of channels to be scanned. Therefore, when the fast scanning mode is selected, the channel can be quickly selected during scanning, and the scanning process is finished when the matched SSID is scanned, so that the time can be saved.
The quick scanning mode module comprises a lowest signal type quick mode and a weakest encryption type quick mode, and because the access points with the same SSID are added for preventing malicious attack by people during scanning, the requirements on signal strength and an encryption algorithm during scanning can be increased, the limitation is set, and the improper access points are filtered.
(ii) In the case of many peripheral access points matching the SSID, it is often necessary to select the optimal access point connection. For this case, the scanning mode is selected as the full channel scanning mode at the beginning of selection, which can scan all the access points on the surrounding channels that match the SSID for selecting the most suitable access point to connect to when connecting.
The most suitable selection can be determined according to the signal strength or the encryption mode strength; when the encryption mode is selected, sequencing according to the strength of the encryption mode during sequencing; when the signal strength is selected, sorting is performed according to the strength of the signal strength. The full channel scanning mode module comprises a signal intensity type full channel mode and an encryption strength type full channel mode.
(iii) When an access point to be connected is designated, a designated BSSID mode in the designated BSSID mode module needs to be employed. Since the MAC address (hardware address) of the Access point is globally unique, BSSID of the Access point to which the connection is specified is to be connected.
Step two, channel scanning; the method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3, when the scan mode is designated, scanning is started. When scanning, whether fast scanning or full channel scanning is performed needs to be determined according to a scanning mode, and when fast scanning is performed, a scanning stop condition needs to be determined.
According to the protocol, it is necessary to switch to the next channel after the scan timeout of the channel. When the scanning time of the channel is overtime, whether full channel scanning is carried out or not is judged firstly, and the channel switching method comprises the following steps:
s1, if the scanning is fast, judging whether the access point matched with the SSID is found; if the access point is found, ending the scanning, entering a matching algorithm module to select the best access point, and if the access point is not found, entering step S3;
s2, if the channel is full scanning, judging whether the access point matching the SSID is found: if the access point is found, recording the access point matched with the SSID, and entering the step S3; if not, go to step S3 directly;
s3, judging whether all channel scanning is completed: and if the scanning of all the channels is finished, the scanning is finished, the matching algorithm module is entered, and if the scanning of all the channels is not finished, the next channel is switched to, and S1 or S2 is executed in a circulating mode.
As shown in fig. 4, in the channel scanning process, the Beacon frame sent by the access point is continuously received in the scanning process, so the scanning step includes a process of storing access point information, specifically:
after receiving the Beacon frame, the information of the Beacon frame needs to be analyzed, whether the access point represented by the Beacon frame is the access point matched with the SSID or the BSSID is judged, and if the SSID is matched, or the BSSID is matched, or the Beacon frame is stored before, the next step is carried out. And then judging whether the Beacon frame is received before.
And T1, if the Beacon frame has not been received before, updating the information in the Beacon frame, wherein the updated information comprises the time of receiving the Beacon frame, the current working channel and other information.
T2, if the Beacon frame is received before, the Beacon frame needs to be stored; the storage method comprises the following steps: firstly, judging whether the access point to be connected is appointed when the mode is selected:
t21, if there is an access point designated to connect to, first tries to match the BSSID, and if there is a match, stores the frame in the matching list.
T22, if no access point to connect to is specified, then attempt to store. The attempted storage method comprises the following steps: firstly, judging whether the current scanning mode is fast scanning:
t221, if the scanning mode is fast scanning, first determining whether the signal strength and the encryption strength of the access point are above a threshold:
(a) if the signal intensity and the encryption intensity are above the threshold value, storing the information of the Beacon frame;
(b) and if the signal strength and the encryption strength are not above the threshold, discarding the information of the Beacon frame.
T222, if the mode is not the fast scan mode (i.e. the full channel scan mode at this time), determining whether the storage list has reached the upper limit (when the upper limit is reached, there is no free space to store):
(a) and if the storage list does not reach the upper limit, putting the Beacon frame into a matching list.
(b) When the storage list reaches the upper limit, judging whether an access point which is more than 30 seconds exists in the storage list:
(i) if the Beacon frame exists in the storage list, the information of the access point in the storage list is cleared, and the newly matched Beacon frame information is put into the matching list;
(ii) if not, judging whether the current sorting method is sorted according to the signal strength, if so, clearing the information of the access point with the weakest signal strength in the storage list, and putting the Beacon frame into the matching list, if not, clearing the information of the access point with the weakest encryption mode in the storage list, and putting the Beacon frame into the matching list.
When no free space is stored, the poor access point information is mainly replaced, and it is ensured that the access points in the matching list are all best.
When there is access point information already existing in the stored list for more than 30 seconds, the access point may have disappeared or may not be successfully connected, so that the access point needs to be replaced.
Step three, selecting the best access point; the method comprises the following steps:
entering a process of selecting an optimal access point after channel scanning is finished, wherein the process is carried out based on a matching algorithm module; the process determines the access point based on the conditions set by the selection module. The need to select the best access point in the matching algorithm module requires consideration of whether there is a specified BSSID, whether the best access point is selected according to an encryption algorithm or signal strength, if there is and only one access point, not connected, etc. As shown in fig. 5, the specific steps are:
p1, first, determining whether there is a set password at the beginning of setting:
p11, if there is a set password, determining whether to sort according to signal strength at the connection time:
p111, if the access points are ranked according to the signal strength (wherein, as long as the matched access points are found for the fast connection, the access points are searched in the signal strength ranking by default without considering the set ranking mode), judging whether the selection mode is the designated BSSID mode and whether the access points matched with the designated BSSID are available: (a) if yes, finding an access point matched with BSSID and finishing searching; (b) if not, the signal is selected to be the best access point information, and the process proceeds to step P2.
P112, if the selection mode is not the designated BSSID mode and there is an access point matching the designated BSSID, determining whether the selection mode is the designated BSSID mode: (a) if yes, finding an access point matched with BSSID and finishing searching; (b) if not, the most secure access point information is selected to be encrypted, and the process proceeds to step P2.
P12, if no password is set, trying to connect with the access points in the peripheral Open, and determining whether the selection mode is the designated BSSID mode and there is an access point matching the designated BSSID:
p121, if yes, finding the access point of the matched BSSID and finishing searching;
p122, if not, finding the access point information in the Open mode in the list, selecting the access point information in the Open mode with the best signal, and entering step P2.
P2, judging whether finding the best access point:
and P21, if finding the best access point, returning to the best access point.
P22, if the best access point is not found, determine whether the blacklist has only one access point: if yes, returning to the access point in the blacklist, and if not, returning to the null.
When the access points are in sequencing, when the passwords of the access points with good signal strength or strong encryption mode are not the passwords of the access points to be connected, the processing is carried out by setting a blacklist. The blacklist is used for calibrating the access points which cannot be connected; access points that enter the blacklist skip when scanning and connecting. As shown in fig. 6, the blacklist policy specifically includes: and when the connection is overtime, adding the current access point into the blacklist, removing the access point from the matching list, judging whether other access points exist in the matching list, if so, trying to connect the next access point, and if not, sending a disconnection to request to scan again.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for Wi-Fi to select an optimal access point,
the mobile terminal selects a scanning mode according to the network environment, performs channel scanning according to the selected scanning mode, and selects an optimal access point;
when the selected scanning mode is the fast scanning mode, finishing scanning when any channel is scanned and the access point matched with the SSID is found;
when the selected scanning mode is a full-channel scanning mode, scanning any channel, searching for an access point matched with the SSID, switching to the next channel for scanning when the scanning is overtime, and ending the scanning until all channels are scanned; selecting the information of the access point with the best signal through signal strength sequencing or signal encryption degree sequencing, and returning the information as the optimal access point;
receiving and analyzing information of each Beacon frame sent by an access point in a channel scanning process, judging whether the current Beacon frame is received before or not when the SSID or BSSID of the current Beacon frame is matched or the current Beacon frame is stored before, and updating the information in the current Beacon frame if the Beacon frame is not received before; the initial setting comprises a set password, and when the ordering is carried out according to the signal intensity, the access point information with the best signal is selected, the optimal access point is found and returned; or, the initial setting contains a set password, and when the ordering is carried out according to the encryption strength, the most safe access point information is selected to be encrypted, the optimal access point is found and returned; or when no set password is set during initial setting, searching for the access point information in the Open mode in the list, selecting the access point information in the Open mode with the best signal, finding the optimal access point and returning;
and when the selected scanning mode is the appointed BSSID mode, receiving and analyzing information of each Beacon frame sent by the access point in the channel scanning process, if the current Beacon frame is received before and is matched with the appointed BSSID, storing the Beacon frame into a matching list, finding the access point matched with the BSSID, and finishing searching.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein if it is determined that a current Beacon frame has been received before, storing information of the Beacon frame in a matching list when the signal strength and encryption strength of the Beacon frame are above a threshold, or discarding the information of the Beacon frame when the signal strength and encryption strength of the Beacon frame are below a threshold.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the full channel scan mode, if it is determined that the current Beacon frame is received before in the channel scan process, the information of the Beacon frame is put into the matching list whose storage list does not reach the upper limit.
4. The method of Wi-Fi selecting an optimal access point of claim 3,
if the storage list reaches the upper limit, the access point information is replaced, and the method comprises the following steps:
clearing the information of the access points exceeding the set time in the storage list, and then putting the information of the current Beacon frame into the matching list;
or, when the current sorting method is sorting according to the strength of the signal, removing the information of the access point with the weakest signal strength in the storage list, and then putting the current Beacon frame into the matching list;
or, when the current sorting method is sorting according to the signal encryption strength, removing the information of the access point with the weakest encryption mode in the storage list, and then putting the current Beacon frame into the matching list.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein when the selected scanning mode is a specified BSSID mode, each Beacon frame sent by an access point is received and information is analyzed in a channel scanning process, and if the current Beacon frame is received before and is matched with the specified BSSID, the Beacon frame is stored in a matching list, and the access point matching the BSSID is found and the search is finished.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the optimal access point is not found in the process of selecting the optimal access point, and when only one access point exists in the blacklist, the access point in the blacklist is returned;
or, when the best access point is not found in the process of selecting the best access point and the blacklist is not only one access point, returning to null;
the blacklist is used for calibrating the access points which cannot be connected, and the access points entering the blacklist can be skipped during scanning and connection;
the execution strategy of the blacklist is as follows: and when the connection is overtime, adding the current access point into the blacklist, removing the access point from the matching list, judging whether other access points exist in the matching list, if so, trying to connect the next access point, and if not, sending a disconnection to request to scan again.
7. An access system for Wi-Fi optimal access point selection for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-6, comprising:
a mode selection module provided with a fast scan mode, a full channel scan mode, and a designated BSSID mode for selection;
a scanning algorithm module connected with the mode selection module; the scanning algorithm module correspondingly scans channels according to the mode in the mode selection module;
selecting an optimal access point algorithm module which is connected with the scanning algorithm module; and when the channel scanning process in the scanning algorithm module is finished, selecting the optimal access point in the optimal access point selection algorithm module according to the set condition of the mode selection module, the selected scanning mode and the sequencing mode of the mode.
8. The access system for Wi-Fi selection of an optimal access point of claim 7,
the fast scanning mode module comprises a lowest signal type fast mode and a weakest encryption type fast mode;
the full channel scanning mode module comprises a signal intensity type full channel mode and an encryption strong and weak type full channel mode.
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| CN109088687A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2018-12-25 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | A kind of spectrum scan mode configuration method |
| CN114339957A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-04-12 | 深圳市元征科技股份有限公司 | Wi-Fi hotspot connection method and device and terminal equipment |
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| CN105578567A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2016-05-11 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Network scanning method and terminal |
| CN105636169A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2016-06-01 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Hot spot scanning method, hot spot scanning device and terminal |
| CN105246131A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-13 | 东软集团股份有限公司 | Method and device for connecting terminal with AP (Wireless Access Point) |
| CN106792952A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-31 | 三星半导体(中国)研究开发有限公司 | The method and apparatus of Wireless Fidelity access point are connected to for terminal |
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