CN107995615B - Heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer safety transmission method - Google Patents

Heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer safety transmission method Download PDF

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CN107995615B
CN107995615B CN201711129923.7A CN201711129923A CN107995615B CN 107995615 B CN107995615 B CN 107995615B CN 201711129923 A CN201711129923 A CN 201711129923A CN 107995615 B CN107995615 B CN 107995615B
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戚晓慧
周游
罗文宇
钟智豪
黄开枝
金梁
钟州
楼洋明
许晓明
杨梅樾
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PLA Information Engineering University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/241—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account channel quality metrics, e.g. SIR, SNR, CIR, Eb/lo
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/242—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account path loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/26—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W52/267—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service] taking into account the information rate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/28—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using user profile, e.g. mobile speed, priority or network state, e.g. standby, idle or non transmission
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer secure transmission method, which comprises the following implementation processes: aiming at each legal user of the heterogeneous network applying the non-orthogonal multiple access NOMA technology, the signal power coefficient of each legal user is served by the NOMA, the zero-space artificial noise distribution coefficient is configured according to the position distribution of the legal user, and the heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer safety transmission is carried out according to the configured signal power coefficient and the zero-space artificial noise distribution coefficient. By reasonably configuring the artificial noise, the invention enhances the capability of the system for resisting passive eavesdropping when the quality of the eavesdropping channel is better than the quality of the channel of a legal user, improves the physical layer security performance of NOMA wireless transmission in the heterogeneous network, enhances the capability of the NOMA system for resisting potential silent eavesdropping, particularly improves the physical layer security performance of the system under the condition that the quality of the eavesdropping channel is better than the quality of the channel of the legal user, and can be used for the secure transmission in mobile communication systems with higher user density, such as a heterogeneous cellular network and the like.

Description

Heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer safety transmission method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mobile communication, and particularly relates to a heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer secure transmission method which can be used for secure transmission in a mobile communication system with higher user density, such as a heterogeneous cellular network.
Background
Due to the increasing number of users and data traffic, the mobile communication network develops into heterogeneous cellular networks, dense heterogeneous cellular networks and other forms, so as to improve the reuse rate of frequency spectrum resources and space resources. Meanwhile, in order to further satisfy the rapidly increasing mobile service demand under the condition of scarce spectrum resources, the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology is receiving more and more attention from the industry. The basic idea of the NOMA technology is to adopt non-orthogonal transmission at a transmitting end, actively introduce Interference information, and realize correct demodulation at a receiving end through Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC). The essence of this technique is to trade spectral efficiency by increasing the complexity of the receiving end. The sub-channel transmission of the NOMA technology still adopts an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology, the orthogonality among the sub-channels does not interfere with each other, but one sub-channel is not allocated to only one user any more, but is shared by a plurality of users. The problem of inter-user interference generated by non-orthogonal transmission between different users on the same subchannel needs to perform multi-user detection by adopting the SIC technology at a receiving end. At a sending end, different users on the same subchannel are sent by adopting a power multiplexing technology, and the signal power of the different users is distributed according to a related algorithm, so that the signal power of each user at the receiving end is different. Interference elimination is carried out according to the signal power of different users according to a certain sequence by the SIC technology, so that correct demodulation is realized, and the purpose of distinguishing the users is also achieved. The NOMA technology is applied to mobile communication systems with high user density, such as a heterogeneous cellular network, and the utilization rate of frequency spectrum resources is greatly improved. Similar to other wireless communication technologies, the security problem due to the broadcast and open characteristics of the wireless channel is a fundamental problem in the popularization and application of the NOMA technology. The traditional security technology generally adopts a means of upper-layer key encryption to ensure the security of information transmission, and is difficult to fully deal with the diversified security threats of the future network by only depending on the upper-layer key encryption technology.
In recent years, the emerging physical layer security technology expands a wireless communication security system to a physical layer, and the wireless communication security system is supplemented with an upper layer key encryption technology, so that a more multidirectional wireless communication security system can be constructed. The NOMA technology adopts non-orthogonal transmission, actively introduces interference information, and has certain safety characteristics of a natural endogenous physical layer. Although the native physical layer security features of the NOMA technique can cause certain difficulties for illegal eavesdropping, it is difficult to fully cope with the security threat when the quality of the eavesdropping channel is better than the quality of the channel of the legal user. Therefore, it is urgent to have a NOMA physical layer secure transmission method capable of resisting potential silent interception under the condition that the quality of an intercepted channel is better than that of a legal user channel.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer secure transmission method, which improves the physical layer security performance of NOMA wireless transmission in a heterogeneous network, enhances the capability of a NOMA system for resisting potential silent eavesdropping, and particularly under the condition that the quality of an eavesdropping channel is superior to that of a legal user channel.
According to the design scheme provided by the invention, the NOMA physical layer safety transmission method for the heterogeneous network aims at each legal user of the heterogeneous network applying the non-orthogonal multiple access NOMA technology, the NOMA is configured to serve the signal power coefficient of each legal user, the zero space artificial noise distribution coefficient is configured according to the position distribution of the legal user, and the NOMA physical layer safety transmission of the heterogeneous network is carried out according to the configured signal power coefficient and the zero space artificial noise distribution coefficient.
The above specifically includes the following contents:
A) aiming at all legal users served by a heterogeneous network transmitting terminal simultaneously by using a NOMA technology, measuring the distance between each legal user and the transmitting terminal to obtain the position distribution of each legal user;
B) measuring the channel quality between each legal user and the transmitting terminal according to the distance between each legal user and the transmitting terminal;
C) reordering the legal users according to the channel quality;
D) configuring a distribution coefficient group of each legal user signal according to the position distribution and the channel quality of the legal users, wherein the distribution coefficient group at least comprises a signal power distribution coefficient and a zero-space artificial noise distribution coefficient;
E) and carrying out NOMA (non-orthogonal multiple access) safe transmission of the heterogeneous network according to the distribution coefficient group.
In the above, the distance between each legal user and the transmitting end is measured in the step a), and the distance measurement is performed by, but not limited to, GPS ranging, beidou ranging, base station ranging, and hybrid ranging.
In the above, in B), the channel quality between each legal user and the transmitting end is obtained according to the distance between each legal user and the transmitting end, the fading channel gain and the path loss index.
Preferably, the channel quality between each legal user and the transmitting end in B) is expressed as
Figure BDA0001469256920000021
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001469256920000022
represents the k-th legitimate user ukSmall scale fading channel gain h between the transmitting end and the receiving endkRepresents ukChannel quality with the transmitting end, α is the path loss exponent, LkFor a legal user ukThe distance from the transmitting end.
Preferably, in C), legal users are reordered according to channel quality, so that the ordered channel quality meets | h1|2≤|h2|2≤…≤|hK|2And K represents the total number of all legal users served by the transmitting terminal at the same time.
In the above, D), the signal power distribution coefficients and the null space artificial noise power distribution coefficients of the legitimate users are configured according to the data rate and the target rate obtained by the legitimate users and the signal transmission power.
Preferably, D) the data rate R obtained by the legitimate userkExpressed as:
Figure BDA0001469256920000031
wherein P represents a signal transmission power, ck≧ 0 denotes the signal power division coefficient, ckThe configuration of (1) satisfies: c. C1≥c2≥…≥cK、
Figure BDA0001469256920000032
And c1+c2+…+cK＝1-η，
Figure BDA0001469256920000033
The coefficients are assigned to the null-space artificial noise power,
Figure BDA0001469256920000034
represents the target rate of the K-th user, K represents the total number of all legal users served by the transmitting terminal at the same time, LmaxIndicating the distance corresponding to the user farthest from the transmitting terminal among the legal users served by the transmitting terminal at the same time, D0Represents the maximum service radius, σ, provided by the server2Representing the noise power.
In the above, when performing NOMA physical layer secure transmission according to the configuration coefficient set in E), if the allocation coefficient set is not unique, the signal power allocation coefficient in the set with the largest null space artificial noise power allocation coefficient is taken as the signal power allocation coefficient used for transmission.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the potential security threat degree of a legal user, the invention enhances the resistance of the system to passive eavesdropping when the quality of the eavesdropping channel is better than that of the legal user by reasonably configuring artificial noise, improves the physical layer security performance of NOMA wireless transmission in the heterogeneous network, enhances the resistance of the NOMA system to potential silent eavesdropping, particularly improves the physical layer security performance of the system under the condition that the quality of the eavesdropping channel is better than that of the legal user, can be used for security transmission in mobile communication systems with higher user density, such as a heterogeneous cellular network, and the like, and has important guiding significance for the security of the wireless communication network.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer secure transmission method in the embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more obvious, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.
Aiming at the situation that the NOMA technology cannot sufficiently deal with the security threat when the intercepted channel quality is better than the channel quality of a legal user and the like, the embodiment of the invention provides a heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer security transmission method.
According to the reasonable configuration of artificial noise according to the potential security threat degree suffered by a legal user, another embodiment of the present invention is a heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer secure transmission method, as shown in fig. 1, which includes the following contents:
s101, aiming at all legal users served by a NOMA technology in a heterogeneous network transmitting terminal, measuring the distance between each legal user and the transmitting terminal to obtain the position distribution of each legal user;
s102, measuring the channel quality between each legal user and the transmitting terminal according to the distance between each legal user and the transmitting terminal;
s103, reordering the legal users according to the channel quality;
s104, configuring a distribution coefficient group of each legal user signal according to the position distribution and the channel quality of the legal user, wherein the distribution coefficient group at least comprises a signal power distribution coefficient and a zero-space artificial noise distribution coefficient;
and S105, carrying out heterogeneous network NOMA safe transmission according to the distribution coefficient group.
According to the potential security threat degree borne by the legal user, the capability of resisting passive eavesdropping when the quality of the eavesdropping channel is superior to that of the legal user channel is enhanced by reasonably configuring artificial noise, and the physical layer security performance of the system is improved.
In the above, the legitimate user may be, but is not limited to: the mobile terminal devices (mobile phones, pads and the like) in the heterogeneous network, the internet of things devices (vehicle networking vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, intelligent home devices and the like) in the heterogeneous network, and other devices needing to be accessed into the heterogeneous wireless network. The transmitting end may be, but is not limited to: a macro base station in the heterogeneous network, various types of small base stations in the heterogeneous network, a Remote Radio Head (RRH), a wireless network Access Point (AP), a communication satellite and other wireless network transmitting terminals. The distance between the legal user and the transmitting end is measured by, but not limited to: GPS range finding, big dipper range finding, basic station range finding and the mixed range finding of multiple mode.
In combination with the measurement of the distance between the legal user and the transmitting end, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for secure transmission of a heterogeneous NOMA physical layer, which is implemented as follows:
step 1: measuring the distance between each legal user and the transmitting terminal, using K to represent the total number of users served by the transmitting terminal at the same time, and ukRepresents the kth user (K ∈ { 1.,. K }) in the user set served by the transmitting end, and measures the legal user ukDistance L from transmitting endk。
Step 2: measuring the channel between each legal user and the transmitting end by hkRepresents ukAnd the channel between the transmitting terminal, and measuring the small-scale fading channel gain between the kth user served by the transmitting terminal and the transmitting terminal
Figure BDA0001469256920000051
Then
Figure BDA0001469256920000052
Where α is the path loss exponent.
And step 3: reordering legal users according to the channel quality, expressing the total number of users served by the transmitting terminal by K, reordering the sequences of K users according to the channel quality of each user measured in step 2, so that the sequence after reordering satisfies | h |1|2≤|h2|2≤…≤|hK|2。
And 4, step 4: and configuring the power and the zero-space artificial noise coefficient of each legal user signal according to the position distribution and the channel quality condition of the legal users. With LmaxRepresents the distance corresponding to the user farthest from the transmitting end in the user set served by the transmitting end, i.e. the distance
Figure BDA0001469256920000053
With D0Represents the maximum service radius, R, that the server can providekIndicating the data rate that the kth user can achieve,
Figure BDA0001469256920000054
represents the target rate (i.e., the expected data rate to be achieved), R, for the k-th userkCan be expressed as
Figure BDA0001469256920000055
Wherein P represents transmission power, ck≧ 0 denotes the power distribution coefficient, ckThe configuration of (1) satisfies: c. C1≥c2≥…≥cK、
Figure BDA0001469256920000056
And c1+c2+…+cK1- η, wherein
Figure BDA0001469256920000057
And distributing coefficients for the zero space artificial noise power.
And 5: and 4, performing NOMA safe transmission according to the configuration coefficient obtained in the step 4, and taking a group with the maximum eta value as a power distribution coefficient used for transmission when the configuration coefficient group obtained in the step 4 is not unique.
The implementation of the present invention is further explained by the following specific examples:
for a α -3, P-10W, D0＝100m、σ2＝10-7Contains 2 legal users
Figure BDA0001469256920000058
Figure BDA0001469256920000061
1 eavesdropper and the eavesdropper channel quality (| h)e|2＝8.4998×10-6) The invention is superior to the communication scene of 2 legal users, and the NOMA physical layer safe transmission method comprises the following steps:
s201, measuring the distance between each legal user and the transmitting terminal, and expressing the number of users served by the transmitting terminal at the same time by K, wherein K is 2 and u is usedkRepresenting the kth user (k ∈ {1,2}) in the set of users served by the transmitting end, and measuring the legal user ukDistance L from transmitting endkAnd measuring L1＝80m、L2＝50m。
S202 respectively measuring channels between 2 legal users and transmitting terminal by hkRepresents ukThe channel with the transmitting end, measure | h1|2＝1.9531×10-6、|h2|2＝7.9999×10-6。
S203, according to the channel quality, the legal users are reordered and the corresponding | hi|2User u with the smallest valueiRelabeling as user u1Then the other user is u2Satisfy | h after reordering1|2≤|h2|2Due to | h1|2＝1.9531×10-6<|h2|2＝7.9999×10-6Thus, the same situation remains after the reordering as before.
S204, according to the position distribution and channel quality of legal users, configuring the power and zero-space artificial noise coefficient of each legal user signal. With LmaxRepresents the distance corresponding to the user farthest from the transmitting end in the user set served by the transmitting end, i.e. Lmax80m, with RkIndicating the data rate, R, that the k-th user can obtain1Can be expressed as
Figure BDA0001469256920000062
R2Can be expressed as
Figure BDA0001469256920000063
Wherein c iskThe configuration of (1) satisfies: c. C1≥c2、
Figure BDA0001469256920000064
And c1+c2+…+cK1- η, wherein
Figure BDA0001469256920000065
η can be decomposed into η - η for zero space artificial noise power distribution coefficient0+η1Wherein
Figure BDA0001469256920000066
η1Is more than or equal to 0. Can be solved to obtain c1＝0.7570、c2＝0.0024、η0＝0.24、η1＝6.4×10-4At this time R1＝6.6699bits/s/Hz，R2＝1.5411bits/s/Hz。
And the eavesdropper receives the user u1Data rate R ofe,1Can be expressed as
Figure BDA0001469256920000071
Receiving user u at eavesdropper2Data rate R ofe,2Can be expressed as
Figure BDA0001469256920000072
At this time, user u1The secure data rate achievable is RS,1＝R1-Re,14.6344bits/s/Hz, user u1The secure data rate achievable is RS,2＝R2-Re,21.527 bits/s/Hz. In the communication scene, if the null space artificial noise technology is not adopted, the channel quality of an eavesdropper is superior to that of all legal users, according to the Wyner theorem, the security capacity of the system is 0 at the moment, and the security data rate which can be obtained by each user is 0.
By combining the above illustration, the effectiveness of the present invention can be further verified, according to the potential security threat degree suffered by the legal user, through reasonably configuring artificial noise, the system resistance to passive eavesdropping when the quality of the eavesdropping channel is better than that of the legal user channel is enhanced, the physical layer security performance of the NOMA wireless transmission in the heterogeneous network is improved, and the capability of the NOMA system in resisting potential silent eavesdropping is enhanced, especially under the condition that the quality of the eavesdropping channel is better than that of the legal user channel.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (6)

1. A heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer safe transmission method is characterized in that for each legal user of a heterogeneous network applying a non-orthogonal multiple access NOMA technology, a signal power coefficient of each legal user is served by configuration NOMA, a zero-space artificial noise distribution coefficient is configured according to the position distribution of the legal user, and the heterogeneous network NOMA physical layer safe transmission is carried out according to the configured signal power coefficient and the zero-space artificial noise distribution coefficient; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
A) aiming at all legal users served by a heterogeneous network transmitting terminal simultaneously by using a NOMA technology, measuring the distance between each legal user and the transmitting terminal to obtain the position distribution of each legal user;
B) measuring the channel quality between each legal user and the transmitting terminal according to the distance between each legal user and the transmitting terminal;
C) reordering the legal users according to the channel quality;
D) configuring a distribution coefficient group of each legal user signal according to the position distribution and the channel quality of the legal users, wherein the distribution coefficient group at least comprises a signal power distribution coefficient and a zero-space artificial noise distribution coefficient;
E) carrying out heterogeneous network NOMA safe transmission according to the distribution coefficient group;
D) configuring a signal power distribution coefficient and a null-space artificial noise power distribution coefficient of each legal user according to a data rate, a target rate and signal transmission power obtained by the legal user;
data rate R obtained by legitimate userskExpressed as:
Figure FDA0002479928920000011
wherein P represents a signal transmission power, ck≧ 0 denotes the signal power division coefficient, ckThe configuration of (1) satisfies: c. C1≥c2≥…≥cK、
Figure FDA0002479928920000012
And c1+c2+…+cK＝1-η，
Figure FDA0002479928920000013
The coefficients are assigned to the null-space artificial noise power,
Figure FDA0002479928920000014
represents the target rate of the K-th user, K represents the total number of all legal users served by the transmitting terminal at the same time, LmaxIndicating the distance corresponding to the user farthest from the transmitting terminal among the legal users served by the transmitting terminal at the same time, D0Represents the maximum service radius, σ, provided by the server2Representing the noise power, hkRepresents the k-th legitimate user ukAnd the channel quality between the transmitting end.
2. The method for secure transmission of heterogeneous NOMA physical layer according to claim 1, wherein in A), the distance between each legal user and the transmitting end is measured by but not limited to GPS ranging, Beidou ranging, base station ranging and hybrid ranging.
3. The method for secure transmission of heterogeneous NOMA physical layers according to claim 1, wherein in B), the channel quality between each legitimate user and the transmitting end is obtained according to a distance between each legitimate user and the transmitting end, a fading channel gain and a path loss exponent.
4. The method for secure transmission of NOMA physical layer in heterogeneous network of claim 3, wherein the channel quality between each legal user and the transmitting end in B) is represented as
Figure FDA0002479928920000021
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002479928920000022
represents the k-th legitimate user ukSmall scale fading channel gain h between the transmitting end and the receiving endkRepresents ukChannel quality with the transmitting end, α is the path loss exponent, LkFor a legal user ukThe distance from the transmitting end.
5. The method for secure transmission of heterogeneous NOMA physical layer according to claim 4, wherein in C), legal users are reordered according to channel quality so that the ordered channel quality satisfies | h |1|2≤|h2|2≤…≤|hK|2And K represents the total number of all legal users served by the transmitting terminal at the same time.
6. The method for safe NOMA physical layer transmission in heterogeneous network according to claim 1, wherein in E), when NOMA physical layer safe transmission is performed according to configuration coefficient groups, if the distribution coefficient groups are not unique, the signal power distribution coefficient in the group with the largest zero space artificial noise power distribution coefficient is taken as the signal power distribution coefficient used for transmission.
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