CN107995493B - Multi-description video coding method of panoramic video - Google Patents

Multi-description video coding method of panoramic video Download PDF

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CN107995493B
CN107995493B CN201711037017.4A CN201711037017A CN107995493B CN 107995493 B CN107995493 B CN 107995493B CN 201711037017 A CN201711037017 A CN 201711037017A CN 107995493 B CN107995493 B CN 107995493B
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CN107995493A (en
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徐媛媛
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Hohai University HHU
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/174—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a slice, e.g. a line of blocks or a group of blocks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/85—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
    • H04N19/88—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving rearrangement of data among different coding units, e.g. shuffling, interleaving, scrambling or permutation of pixel data or permutation of transform coefficient data among different blocks

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Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-description video coding method of a panoramic video, which comprises the following steps: (1) dividing the panoramic video into a plurality of airspace segments according to the size of the visual angle of the receiving end equipment; (2) selecting a space domain segment containing a user interested region, coding the space domain segment, performing segment interleaving to generate two corresponding descriptions, and transmitting the two descriptions in a network independently; (3) at the receiving end, decoding is respectively carried out according to different situations that a single description is received or two descriptions are received simultaneously. The invention adopts the multi-description technology to encode the panoramic video, so that part of the panoramic video required by a user can still be rebuilt under the condition of losing part of the description without requiring retransmission of lost data packets.

Description

Multi-description video coding method of panoramic video
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of panoramic video communication, in particular to a multi-description video coding method of a panoramic video.
Background
Panoramic videos with high frame rate and high resolution are increasingly favored by users due to the fact that more real immersive experience can be provided for the users; meanwhile, the demand for panoramic video communication is also increasing. Panoramic video communication has a high demand on transmission delay in order to provide users with a sense of being personally on the scene. Compared with conventional video communication, the bit rate of panoramic video communication is sharply increased; at the receiving end, due to the limitation of the field of view, the user only observes a part of the content of the panoramic video at the same time, and does not need the whole panoramic video sequence. In panoramic video communication, panoramic video coding is one of the core technologies that determine the system performance.
At present, the existing panoramic video coding method mainly focuses on the aspects of improving the compression performance, reducing the coding complexity and the like, and great progress has been made in the aspects. However, the following disadvantages still exist: (1) existing panoramic video coding schemes do not take into account the robustness of video transmission. In a network (such as the internet) or an unreliable network with a best-effort design concept, the bandwidth or the time delay required by the panoramic video communication service cannot be effectively guaranteed, and particularly, the real-time video communication with short time delay and low packet loss rate is required. Transmission of video signals can result in significant packet loss due to limited bandwidth and long delay. Video is compressed, and because video compression usually adopts motion prediction and motion compensation, data packet loss not only affects the reconstruction of a part of video signals contained in a packet, but also further spreads the effect to the rest of the same video sequence, thereby causing serious video reconstruction quality reduction. (2) With existing panoramic video coding schemes, video packets need to be retransmitted when they are severely lost. The retransmission may cause a large delay in the panoramic video communication. If the data loss is caused by network congestion, the retransmission of the data packet will further aggravate the network congestion condition, resulting in more data packet loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for encoding a multi-description video of a panoramic video, which can improve the robustness of panoramic video communication.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for encoding a multiple description video of a panoramic video, comprising the following steps:
(1) dividing the panoramic video into a plurality of airspace segments according to the size of the visual angle of the receiving end equipment;
(2) selecting a space domain segment containing a user interested region, coding the space domain segment, performing segment interleaving to generate two corresponding descriptions, and transmitting the two descriptions in a network independently;
(3) at the receiving end, decoding is respectively carried out according to different situations that a single description is received or two descriptions are received simultaneously.
Preferably, in step (1), the panoramic video is divided into a plurality of airspace segments according to the size of the view angle of the receiving end device, which specifically includes: recording the field of view size of the receiving end equipment as FOV, wherein the number N of the airspace segments after each panoramic video is divided can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001450812920000021
each panoramic video is divided into five space domain segments in the horizontal direction, and the panoramic video is uniformly divided into N space domain segments (T) by the first space domain division1,T2,...,TN)；The second time of space domain division also uniformly divides the panoramic video into N space domain segments (T)1',T2',...,TN') The division points of the second spatial division are staggered compared with the first spatial division
Figure BDA0001450812920000022
The position of (a).
Preferably, in the step (2), a spatial domain segment including the user region of interest is selected and encoded, and a segment interleaving is performed to generate two corresponding descriptions, where the two descriptions are transmitted independently in the network, specifically: the process of patch selection is as follows: firstly, selecting a space domain segment with the maximum overlap with the current visual angle V of the user, and recording the space domain segment as Ti(ii) a Then, select and T in another space domain segment setiTwo spatial segments, i.e. T, overlappingi' and Ti'modN+1Wherein
Figure BDA0001450812920000023
Dividing the space domain segment into very small slices, and taking the slice as a unit, and comparing TiFine HEVC coding is carried out, and T is coded by taking slice as uniti'And Ti'modN+1HEVC coding of relatively low quality; two independent equalized descriptions are generated by slice interleaving.
Preferably, in the step (2), the slice interleaving process specifically includes: will TiOdd number of sheets and Ti',Ti'modN+1Combining the code streams corresponding to the even number pieces to generate a description 1; will TiThe even number of sheets and T ini',Ti'modN+1The code streams corresponding to the odd number pieces in the network are combined together to generate a description 2, and the two descriptions are independent and can be transmitted in the network.
Preferably, in step (3), the decoding performed by the receiving end according to different situations of receiving a single description or receiving two descriptions at the same time specifically includes: at a decoding end, if only a single description is successfully received, performing side-path decoding through an HEVC decoder; at the decoding end, if both descriptions are received simultaneously, decoding is performed by the central decoder.
Preferably, if onlyReceiving description 1, HEVC decoding is carried out on the description 1 in sequence, and T is recoverediAll image blocks and T of the middle odd slicei',Ti'modN+1Reconstructing a rough partial panoramic video with acceptable quality from the image blocks of the middle even number pieces, and providing a rough reconstructed video signal with acceptable quality; the side decoding process of description 2 is the same as that of description 1, and the reconstructed panoramic video with acceptable quality is obtained by decoding with an HEVC decoder.
Preferably, HEVC decoding is performed on description 1 and description 2 in sequence, respectively, wherein description 1 describes a high-quality image block from which odd slices can be restored and a low-quality image block from which even slices can be restored, description 2 describes a high-quality image block from which even slices can be restored and a low-quality image block from which odd slices can be restored, and description 1 includes TiLow quality image blocks of odd-numbered slices and T contained in description 2iDiscarding the low-quality image block of the even number slice, and discarding TiAnd combining the high-quality image blocks of the odd-numbered pieces and the even-numbered pieces to obtain a partial reconstruction panoramic video with better quality, and simultaneously decoding the recovered rough video of the adjacent area to ensure that the future view angle conversion is smoother.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the multi-description technology to encode the panoramic video, so that part of the panoramic video required by a user can still be rebuilt under the condition of losing part of the description without requiring retransmission of lost data packets.
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Fig. 1 is an overall block diagram of a video coding communication system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the encoding method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the spatial domain division method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A multi-description video coding method of panoramic video comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing the panoramic video into a plurality of airspace segments according to the size of the visual angle of the receiving end equipment;
(2) selecting a space domain segment containing a user interested region, coding the space domain segment, performing segment interleaving to generate two corresponding descriptions, and transmitting the two descriptions in a network independently;
(3) at the receiving end, decoding is respectively carried out according to different situations that a single description is received or two descriptions are received simultaneously.
The overall block diagram of the panoramic video multi-description video coding communication system is shown in fig. 1, at a sending end, according to the size of a view field and visual angle information, a part of a panoramic video sequence in a user observation range is subjected to multi-description coding through a multi-description coder to generate two independent descriptions, each description is independently transmitted in a network, a receiving end decodes the received description to obtain a reconstructed video signal, when the receiving end receives a single description, an edge decoder is adopted for decoding reconstruction, and when the two descriptions are received, a central decoder is adopted for decoding reconstruction to recover the part of the panoramic video sequence.
The multi-description video coding method of panoramic video provided by the invention is shown in fig. 2, and comprises the following steps:
step one, according to the size of a view field of receiving end equipment, performing space division on a panoramic video twice to divide the panoramic video into a plurality of space fragments.
Recording the field of view size of the receiving end equipment as FOV, wherein the number N of the airspace segments after each panoramic video is divided can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001450812920000041
taking an example that each panoramic video is divided into five spatial segments (N is 5) in the horizontal direction, a schematic diagram of the spatial division method of the present invention is shown in fig. 3. The first time of spatial domain division uniformly divides the panoramic video into N spatial domain segments (T)1,T2,...,TN) (ii) a The second time of space domain division also uniformly divides the panoramic video into N space domain segments (T)1',T2',...,TN') The division points of the second spatial division are staggered compared with the first spatial division
Figure BDA0001450812920000042
The position of (a).
And step two, selecting a slice according to the visual angle of a user, respectively encoding the space domain slices containing the region of interest of the user, and then interleaving the slices to generate two corresponding descriptions, wherein the two descriptions are respectively and independently transmitted in the network.
The process of patch selection is as follows: firstly, selecting a space domain segment with the maximum overlap with the current visual angle V of the user, and recording the space domain segment as Ti(ii) a Then, select and T in another space domain segment setiTwo spatial segments, i.e. T, overlappingi'And Ti'modN+1Wherein
Figure BDA0001450812920000043
Partition the space domain slice into very small slices (tiles), in units of slices, for TiFine HEVC coding, e.g., with smaller quantization steps, generates several high quality slices. In units of slices, for Ti'And Ti'modN+1HEVC coding of relatively low quality is performed, for example, with a larger quantization step size, to generate several low quality slices.
Finally, two independent equalized descriptions are generated through chip interleaving. The process of slice interleaving is as follows: will TiOdd number of sheets and Ti',Ti'modN+1Combining the code streams corresponding to the even number pieces to generate a description 1; will TiThe even number of sheets and T ini',Ti'modN+1The code streams corresponding to the odd number pieces in the description are combined together to generate a description 2. The two descriptions are transmitted independently in the network.
At the decoding end, if only a single description is successfully received, side-path decoding is performed by the HEVC decoder. In the side-road decoding process, by taking only the description 1 as an example, HEVC decoding is sequentially performed on the description 1, and T can be recoverediAll image blocks and T of the middle odd slicei',Ti'modN+1The image blocks of the medium even number pieces can reconstruct rough partial panoramic video with acceptable quality, and a quality acceptable is providedThe coarse reconstructed video signal of (a); the side decoding process of description 2 is the same as that of description 1, and the reconstructed panoramic video with acceptable quality is obtained by decoding with an HEVC decoder.
At the decoding end, if both descriptions are received simultaneously, decoding is performed by the central decoder. The central decoding process is as follows: HEVC decoding is performed on description 1 and description 2 in sequence, respectively, high-quality image blocks from which odd slices can be restored and low-quality image blocks from which even slices can be restored in description 1, high-quality image blocks from which even slices can be restored and low-quality image blocks from which odd slices can be restored in description 2, and T included in description 1 will be describediLow quality image blocks of odd-numbered slices and T contained in description 2iDiscarding the low-quality image block of the even number slice, and discarding TiThe high-quality image blocks of the odd-numbered pieces and the even-numbered pieces are combined to obtain a better-quality partially reconstructed panoramic video, and a recovered adjacent area (namely (T) is decoded at the same timei'∪Ti'modN+1)\Ti) This makes future view transitions smoother.
Before coding a panoramic video sequence, the method firstly divides the space domain slice, and then carries out slice selection, HEVC coding and slice interleaving to generate a plurality of descriptions. Compared with the existing panoramic video coding scheme which only generates one code stream, the multi-description panoramic video coding scheme can obtain better reconstructed video quality in an unreliable network. Because each description can be independently decoded to recover the video signal, when one described data packet is lost, the lost data packet does not need to be retransmitted, and the other description can be used for decoding, so that the real-time communication requirement can be met, and the network congestion can be reduced compared with a scheme of retransmitting the data packet. Meanwhile, the two conditions of side decoding and center decoding can provide panoramic video signals with different qualities, and a certain scalability function is provided for users with different network resources and different requirements.
While the invention has been shown and described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (3)

1. A multi-description video coding method of panoramic video is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dividing the panoramic video into a plurality of airspace segments according to the size of the visual angle of the receiving end equipment; the method specifically comprises the following steps: recording the field of view size of the receiving end equipment as FOV, wherein the number N of the airspace segments after each panoramic video is divided can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0002899633340000011
each panoramic video is divided into five space domain segments in the horizontal direction, and the panoramic video is uniformly divided into N space domain segments (T) by the first space domain division1,T2,...,TN) (ii) a The second time of space domain division also uniformly divides the panoramic video into N space domain segments (T)1',T2',...,TN') The division points of the second spatial division are staggered compared with the first spatial division
Figure FDA0002899633340000012
The position of (a);
(2) selecting a space domain segment containing a user interested region, coding the space domain segment, performing segment interleaving to generate two corresponding descriptions, and transmitting the two descriptions in a network independently; the process of patch selection is as follows: firstly, selecting a space domain segment with the maximum overlap with the current visual angle V of the user, and recording the space domain segment as Ti(ii) a Then, select and T in another space domain segment setiTwo spatial segments, i.e. T, overlappingi'And Ti'modN+1Wherein
Figure FDA0002899633340000013
Dividing the space domain segment into very small slices, and taking the slice as a unit, and comparing TiFine HEVC coding is carried out, and T is coded by taking slice as uniti'And Ti'modN+1HEVC coding of relatively low quality; generating two independent phases by slice interleavingDescription of the scale; the process of slice interleaving specifically comprises: will TiOdd number of sheets and Ti',Ti'modN+1Combining the code streams corresponding to the even number pieces to generate a description 1; will TiThe even number of sheets and T ini',Ti'modN+1The code streams corresponding to the odd number pieces in the description are combined together to generate a description 2, and the two descriptions are independent and can be transmitted in a network;
(3) at the receiving end, decoding is respectively carried out according to different situations that a single description is received or two descriptions are received simultaneously.
2. The method for multi-description video coding of panoramic video according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the decoding performed by the receiving end according to the different situations of receiving a single description or receiving two descriptions at the same time specifically comprises: at a decoding end, if only a single description is successfully received, performing side-path decoding through an HEVC decoder; at the decoding end, if both descriptions are received simultaneously, decoding is performed by the central decoder.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein if only description 1 is received, HEVC decoding is performed on description 1 in sequence to recover TiAll image blocks and T of the middle odd slicei',Ti'modN+1Reconstructing a rough partial panoramic video with acceptable quality from the image blocks of the middle even number pieces, and providing a rough reconstructed video signal with acceptable quality; the side decoding process of description 2 is the same as that of description 1, and the reconstructed panoramic video with acceptable quality is obtained by decoding with an HEVC decoder.
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