CN107993733B - Three-stage cryogenic pump treatment device and method for radioactive tail gas of fusion reactor - Google Patents

Three-stage cryogenic pump treatment device and method for radioactive tail gas of fusion reactor Download PDF

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CN107993733B
CN107993733B CN201711283975.XA CN201711283975A CN107993733B CN 107993733 B CN107993733 B CN 107993733B CN 201711283975 A CN201711283975 A CN 201711283975A CN 107993733 B CN107993733 B CN 107993733B
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tail gas
refrigeration unit
cold plate
radioactive tail
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CN107993733A (en
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龚宇
岳磊
王和义
夏修龙
肖成建
侯京伟
陈超
冉光明
付小龙
赵林杰
陈晓军
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Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/007—Recovery of isotopes from radioactive waste, e.g. fission products
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/02—Treating gases

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Abstract

The invention discloses a three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device and a treatment method for radioactive tail gas of a fusion reactor. The treatment device comprises a primary refrigeration unit, a secondary refrigeration unit, a tertiary refrigeration unit, a radiation shielding box and a vacuum chamber. The separation and recovery of the radioactive tail gas of the plasma of the fusion reactor are realized through the steps of pre-vacuumizing of a separation system, primary condensation of the radioactive tail gas, secondary condensation of the radioactive tail gas, tertiary condensation-adsorption of the radioactive tail gas, tertiary desorption of the radioactive tail gas, secondary desorption of the radioactive tail gas, primary desorption of the radioactive tail gas and multistage simultaneous heating and desorption of the radioactive tail gas. The three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device and the treatment method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor can obviously improve the treatment efficiency of the radioactive tail gas of plasma generated by fusion reaction.

Description

Three-stage cryogenic pump treatment device and method for radioactive tail gas of fusion reactor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of deuterium-tritium fusion fuel circulation, and particularly relates to a three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device and a treatment method for radioactive tail gas of a fusion reactor.
Background
With the shortage of fossil fuels and the increasing severity of environmental pollution, fusion energy has attracted attention. The deuterium-tritium fuel "self-sustaining" cycle is a prerequisite for commercial application of fusion energy. Because the reaction rate of deuterium and tritium in the fusion device is very low, a large amount of unreacted deuterium and tritium exist in plasma radioactive tail gas, and from the aspects of safety, environmental protection, economy and self-sustaining of deuterium and tritium fuel, the radioactive tail gas must be treated, and the deuterium and tritium fuel in the radioactive tail gas is recycled. Meanwhile, the fusion reactor tritium industrial field has the characteristics of miniaturization and high time efficiency due to the application requirement of fusion energy.
At present, radioactive tail gas generated by fusion by an international thermonuclear fusion experimental reactor (ITER) is mainly pumped out by a cryogenic pump, then is input into a radioactive tail gas treatment system for treatment, is conveyed to a hydrogen isotope separation unit by the radioactive tail gas treatment system, and is finally conveyed to a storage unit by the hydrogen isotope separation unit to finish the cycle of tritium fuel. The specific composition of the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor mainly comprises a large amount of unreacted deuterium and tritium and a small amount of impurities, wherein the impurities comprise hydrocarbon, water, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and the like. Most of the deuterium-tritium fuel needing to be recovered is in an elemental state (marked as Q)2Q2 refers to a simple substance consisting of three isotopes of hydrogen, containing six: h2、HD、HT、D2、DT、T2) And the small part is in a chemical combination state (such as tritiated methane, tritiated water and the like). Due to fusionThe radioactive tail gas generated by the reactor is complex in type and large in quantity, the current treatment process is complicated, and the treatment capacity of each unit is large, so that the radioactive tail gas treatment time is long, and the tritium self-sustaining of the fusion reactor is limited.
Since the fusion reactor pumps deuterium and tritium in the fusion device into the TEP system through the cryogenic pump, at present, people begin to consider how to carry out primary treatment on radioactive tail gas through the cryogenic pump, so as to reduce the processing time of the TEP system and reduce the size of the TEP system.
At present, the following technologies are mainly developed internationally:
a cryopump preseparation device of Karsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in germany:
KIT in 1995 proposed a device for pre-separating radioactive exhaust gas using a cryopump, thereby reducing the size of the radioactive exhaust gas treatment unit. The device is characterized in that two cryogenic pumps are connected in series, after fusion reaction occurs, the first-stage cryogenic pump pumps radioactive tail gas into a low-temperature chamber of the first-stage cryogenic pump, and then the second cryogenic pump pumps gas out of the first cryogenic pump. The second cryopump has three different temperature low-temperature chambers, and the first chamber is 20K and is used for freezing impurity gas; a second chamber 5K for freezing hydrogen isotope gas; activated carbon was added in the third chamber at 5K for He adsorption. By using the method, 90% of hydrogen isotopes can be directly recycled into the combustion chamber.
However, this technique has the following disadvantages:
1. the method has the biggest defects that two large cryogenic pumps are needed, and the second cryogenic pump is provided with three different cryogenic chambers, so that the size of the cryogenic pump is huge, the refrigeration cost and the operation cost are extremely high, and the tritium retention is extremely serious, thereby greatly influencing the tritium self-sustaining of the fusion reactor.
2. In the method, the desorption process needs to uniformly heat the three low-temperature chambers to high temperature after the gas is adsorbed at low temperature, so that the temperature among the chambers is seriously crossed, the desorption temperature is difficult to control, and the barrier materials among the greenhouses are extremely difficult to select.
Second, arbiton (Abingdon) british three-stage cryopump:
in 2013, Abingdon in UK proposes a radioactive tail gas pre-separation device by using a three-stage cryogenic pump, so that the size of a radioactive tail gas treatment unit is reduced. The device is characterized in that three different cold plates are arranged in a low-temperature pump, the temperature of the first-stage cold plate is 80K, and the first-stage cold plate is used for freezing impurity gas; the second-stage cold plate is adhered with active carbon, and the temperature is 15-22K for adsorbing hydrogen isotope gas; the three-level cold plate can be provided with active carbon, and the temperature is 4.5K for absorbing He. The recovery efficiency of the hydrogen isotope by the method is 85 to 90 percent.
However, this technique has the following disadvantages:
1. the method has the biggest defect that the secondary cold plate of the device is adhered with active carbon, and hydrogen isotope gas is recovered through low-temperature adsorption. Although the method can effectively adsorb the hydrogen isotopes, the active carbon has high desorption temperature after adsorbing the hydrogen isotopes, and is difficult to completely desorb, thereby influencing the recovery rate of the hydrogen isotope gas.
2. Because the refrigeration of the method adopts the three-level cold plate but the single cold source provides cold energy, the three-level cold plate of the cold supply mode can hardly ensure that the temperature reaches the set requirement, and the temperature control of the method is extremely difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device for radioactive tail gas of a fusion reactor, and the invention aims to provide a three-stage low-temperature pump treatment method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor.
The three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor comprises a primary refrigeration unit, a secondary refrigeration unit and a three-stage refrigeration unit, wherein each stage of refrigeration unit comprises a refrigerator and a cold plate, the cold plate of the primary refrigeration unit is a primary cold plate, the cold plate of the secondary refrigeration unit is a secondary cold plate, and the cold plate of the three-stage refrigeration unit is a three-stage cold plate; the primary cold plate, the secondary cold plate and the tertiary cold plate are all arranged in a radiation shielding box, the inner wall of the radiation shielding box is coated with a tritium-resistant coating, and the radiation shielding box is arranged in a vacuum chamber; and the three-stage cold plate in the three-stage refrigeration unit is also provided with an active carbon adsorption layer.
The three-stage low-temperature pump treatment method of the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor sequentially comprises the following steps of:
a. pre-vacuumizing the separation system;
b. primary condensation of radioactive tail gas;
c. secondary condensation of radioactive tail gas;
d. carrying out three-stage condensation-adsorption on radioactive tail gas;
e. performing three-stage desorption on radioactive tail gas;
f. secondary desorption of radioactive tail gas;
g. performing first-stage desorption on radioactive tail gas;
h. and (4) heating and desorbing the radioactive tail gas in multiple stages simultaneously.
The pre-vacuum-pumping of the separation system in the step a means that the vacuum chamber is vacuumized and the vacuum degree range of the vacuum chamber is controlled to be 10-3To 10-5Pa；
In the step b, the first-stage condensation of the radioactive tail gas is to input the radioactive tail gas into a radiation shielding box, and simultaneously control the temperature of a first-stage cold plate of a first-stage refrigerating unit to be 70K-80K, wherein a refrigerant of the first-stage refrigerating unit is liquid nitrogen;
in the step c, the secondary condensation of the radioactive tail gas is to flow the gas condensed by the primary refrigeration unit into the secondary refrigeration unit, and simultaneously, the temperature of a secondary cold plate of the secondary refrigeration unit is controlled to be 10K-20K, and the refrigerant of the secondary refrigeration unit is helium;
in the step d, the radioactive tail gas three-stage condensation-adsorption is to flow gas condensed by the second-stage refrigeration unit into the third-stage refrigeration unit, and simultaneously control the temperature of a three-stage cold plate of the third-stage refrigeration unit to be 4.2K-10K, wherein a refrigerant of the third-stage refrigeration unit is liquid helium;
in the step e, the radioactive tail gas is subjected to three-stage desorption, namely, a three-stage cold plate of a three-stage refrigeration unit is heated to 20K-30K, and desorbed gas is pumped out and is transmitted to an external tritium storage and transportation system;
in the second-stage desorption of the radioactive tail gas in the step f, a second-stage cold plate of a second-stage refrigeration unit is heated to 15K-110K, and desorbed gas is pumped out and is transmitted to an external tritium storage and transportation system;
in the first-stage desorption of the radioactive tail gas in the step g, the first-stage cold plate of the first-stage refrigeration unit is continuously heated to 80K-320K, and desorbed gas is pumped out and transmitted to an external radioactive tail gas treatment unit;
and h, performing multi-stage simultaneous heating and desorption on the radioactive tail gas in the step h, namely heating the three-stage cold plate of the three-stage refrigeration unit, the two-stage cold plate of the two-stage refrigeration unit and the one-stage cold plate of the one-stage refrigeration unit to 320K at the same time, and transmitting the desorbed gas to an external radioactive tail gas treatment unit.
Condensing the gas in the step b into a large amount of CQ in the radioactive tail gas4(Q is H/D/T), Q2O (Q is H/D/T), CO2Gases with condensation temperature higher than 77K are subjected to equal condensation.
The condensed gas in the step c is a large amount of Q in the radioactive tail gas2(Q is H/D/T), gas with condensation temperature more than 10K and less than 20K, and small amount of CQ4(Q is H/D/T), Q2O (Q is H/D/T), CO2Gases with condensation temperature higher than 77K are subjected to equal condensation.
And d, adhering an activated carbon adsorption layer on the three-stage cold plate in the step d in a single-sided or double-sided mode. The condensing-adsorbing gas is a large amount of gases with the condensing temperature of more than 4.2K and less than 10K, such as He and the like in the radioactive tail gas, and a small amount of Q in the radioactive tail gas2(Q is H/D/T) and the like with the condensation temperature of more than 10K.
And e, performing three-stage desorption of the radioactive tail gas in the step e, wherein the desorbed gas is the condensed-adsorbed gas in the step d.
And f, performing secondary desorption on the radioactive tail gas in the step f, wherein the condensed gas in the step c and a small amount of gas which is not desorbed in the step e are desorbed.
And g, carrying out primary desorption on the radioactive tail gas in the step g, wherein the condensed gas in the step b and a small amount of gas which is not desorbed in the step f are desorbed.
And h, simultaneously heating and desorbing the radioactive tail gas in multiple stages, wherein the desorbed gas is the gas which is not desorbed in the desorption step e, the desorption step f and the desorption step g.
The three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device and the treatment method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor have the following advantages:
1. according to the three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device and method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor, the radioactive tail gas generated by fusion is directly conveyed to tritium and stored in the supply unit through the three-stage desorption of the radioactive tail gas and the two-stage desorption of the radioactive tail gas, so that the time for circulating tritium treatment in the fusion reactor is greatly shortened, the actual efficiency of the fusion reactor is increased, and the tritium input amount of a first furnace is reduced.
2. According to the three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device and the treatment method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor, only the gas obtained by performing one-stage desorption on the radioactive tail gas and simultaneously heating and desorbing the radioactive tail gas in multiple stages enters the radioactive tail gas treatment unit, so that the treatment capacity of the radioactive tail gas treatment unit is greatly reduced, and the construction and operation costs of the radioactive tail gas treatment unit are reduced.
3. The three-stage cryopump treatment device and the treatment method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor adopt three refrigerators to provide cold energy, the cold energy distribution is easier to realize, and the difficulty in system construction is reduced.
4. According to the three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device and the treatment method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor, only the three-stage cold plate in the three-stage refrigeration unit is adhered with the active carbon material, so that the problem of tritium retention generated by active carbon adsorption is greatly reduced.
5. The three refrigeration units of the three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device and the three-stage low-temperature pump treatment method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor adopt an independent temperature control mode, the temperature cross is small, and adsorption-desorption gas can be controlled more effectively.
The three-stage low-temperature pump treatment device and the treatment method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor can obviously improve the treatment efficiency of the radioactive tail gas of plasma generated by fusion reaction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-stage cryopump processing device for radioactive tail gas of a fusion reactor of the invention;
in the figure, 1 is a first-stage refrigeration unit 2, a second-stage refrigeration unit 3, a third-stage refrigeration unit 4, a first-stage cold plate 5, a second-stage cold plate 6, a third-stage cold plate 7, a radiation shielding box 8 and a vacuum chamber.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the three-stage cryopump processing apparatus for radioactive tail gas of a fusion reactor of the present invention includes a first-stage refrigeration unit 1, a second-stage refrigeration unit 2, and a third-stage refrigeration unit 3, each of which includes a refrigerator and a cold plate, wherein the cold plate of the first-stage refrigeration unit 1 is a first-stage cold plate 4, the cold plate of the second-stage refrigeration unit 2 is a second-stage cold plate 5, and the cold plate of the third-stage refrigeration unit 3 is a third-stage cold plate 6; the primary cold plate 4, the secondary cold plate 5 and the tertiary cold plate 6 are all arranged in a radiation shielding box 7, the inner wall of the radiation shielding box 7 is coated with a tritium-resistant coating, and the radiation shielding box 7 is arranged in a vacuum chamber 8; and the three-stage cold plate 6 in the three-stage refrigeration unit 3 is also provided with an active carbon adsorption layer.
The three-stage low-temperature pump treatment method of the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor sequentially comprises the following steps of:
a. pre-vacuumizing the separation system;
b. primary condensation of radioactive tail gas;
c. secondary condensation of radioactive tail gas;
d. carrying out three-stage condensation-adsorption on radioactive tail gas;
e. performing three-stage desorption on radioactive tail gas;
f. secondary desorption of radioactive tail gas;
g. performing first-stage desorption on radioactive tail gas;
h. heating and desorbing radioactive tail gas in multiple stages simultaneously;
the pre-vacuum-pumping of the separation system in the step a means that the vacuum chamber 8 is vacuumized and the vacuum degree range of the vacuum chamber 8 is controlled to be 10-3To 10-5Pa；
In the step b, the first-stage condensation of the radioactive tail gas is to input the radioactive tail gas into the radiation shielding box 7, and simultaneously control the temperature of a first-stage cold plate 4 of the first-stage refrigeration unit 1 to be 70K-80K, and the refrigerant of the first-stage refrigeration unit 1 is liquid nitrogen;
in the step c, the secondary condensation of the radioactive tail gas is to flow the gas condensed by the primary refrigeration unit 1 into the secondary refrigeration unit 2, and simultaneously, the temperature of a secondary cold plate 5 of the secondary refrigeration unit 2 is controlled to be 10K-20K, and the refrigerant of the secondary refrigeration unit 2 is helium;
in the step d, the radioactive tail gas three-stage condensation-adsorption is to flow gas condensed by the second-stage refrigeration unit 2 into the third-stage refrigeration unit 3, simultaneously control the temperature of a three-stage cold plate 6 of the third-stage refrigeration unit 3 to be 4.2K-10K, and control the refrigerant of the third-stage refrigeration unit 3 to be liquid helium;
the radioactive tail gas in the step e is subjected to three-stage desorption, namely, the three-stage cold plate 6 of the three-stage refrigeration unit 3 is heated to 20K-30K, and desorbed gas is pumped out and is transmitted to an external tritium storage and transportation system;
in the second-stage desorption of the radioactive tail gas in the step f, the temperature of a second-stage cold plate 5 of a second-stage refrigeration unit 2 is heated to 15K-110K, and desorbed gas is pumped out and transmitted to an external tritium storage and transportation system;
in the first-stage desorption of the radioactive tail gas in the step g, the first-stage cold plate 4 of the first-stage refrigeration unit 1 is continuously heated to 80K-320K, and the desorbed gas is pumped out and transmitted to an external radioactive tail gas treatment unit;
and h, performing multi-stage simultaneous heating and desorption on the radioactive tail gas in the step h, namely heating the three-stage cold plate 6 of the three-stage refrigeration unit 3, the two-stage cold plate 5 of the two-stage refrigeration unit 2 and the one-stage cold plate 4 of the one-stage refrigeration unit 1 to 320K at the same time, and transmitting the desorbed gas to an external radioactive tail gas treatment unit.
Example 1
Introducing 90% Q in the simulation chamber2（Q2H/D/T) and 10% impurity gas, i.e. He, CQ4(Q is H/D/T), Q2O (Q is H/D/T), CO2And the like. According to the steps of the three-stage cryopump treatment method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor, the cryopump is pre-vacuumized to 10 DEG C-3Pa, primary refrigeration controlThe temperature of a first-stage cold plate of the unit is 70K-80K, the temperature of a second-stage cold plate of the second-stage refrigeration unit is 10K-20K, and the temperature of a third-stage cold plate (6) of the third-stage refrigeration unit (3) is 4.2K-10K. After the system pressure is stable, heating the three-stage cold plate to 30K, recovering the desorbed gas, and analyzing the gas containing 1% He and 1% Q by mass spectrum and chromatography2(Q is H/D/T). Then heating the secondary cooling plate to 110K, recovering the desorbed gas, and analyzing by mass spectrometry and chromatography to obtain a gas containing 82% Q2（Q2Is HT/DT/T2) And 1% He. Heating the first cold plate to 320K, recovering desorbed gas, and analyzing by mass spectrometry and chromatography to obtain He and CQ containing 8% impurity gas4(Q is H/D/T), Q2O (Q is H/D/T), CO2Isogas, and 2% Q2（Q2Is H/D/T). Finally, the three-stage cold plate is heated to 320K at the same time, and the recovered and desorbed gas contains 1 percent of Q through mass spectrum and chromatographic analysis2（Q2H/D/T), and 1% impurity gas. The three-stage low-temperature pump processing device can directly recover and convey the 2% He and 83% Q to be stored in a supply system2（Q2Is H/D/T); the gas delivered to the radioactive tail gas treatment unit was 9% impurity gas and 3% Q2（Q2H/D/T), the system hold-up is 3% of tritium-containing gas. The direct recovery efficiency of tritium was 92%.
Example 2
Introducing 95% Q in a simulation chamber2（Q2H/D/T) and 5% impurity gas, i.e. He, CQ4(Q is H/D/T), Q2O (Q is H/D/T), CO2And the like. According to the steps of the three-stage cryopump treatment method for the radioactive tail gas of the fusion reactor, the cryopump is pre-vacuumized to 10 DEG C-3Pa, controlling the temperature of a first-stage cold plate of the first-stage refrigeration unit to be 70K-80K, the temperature of a second-stage cold plate of the second-stage refrigeration unit to be 10K-20K, and the temperature of a third-stage cold plate (6) of the third-stage refrigeration unit (3) to be 4.2K-10K. After the system pressure is stable, heating the three-stage cold plate to 30K, recovering the desorbed gas, and analyzing by mass spectrum and chromatography to obtain a gas containing 0.5% He and 2% Q2(Q is H/D/T). Then heating the secondary cooling plate to 110K, recovering the desorbed gas containing 85% Q by mass spectrometry and chromatography2（Q2Is HT/DT/T2) And 0.5% He. Heating the first cold plate to 320K, recovering desorbed gas, and analyzing by mass spectrometry and chromatography to obtain gas containing 3% impurity gas (He, CQ)4(Q is H/D/T), Q2O (Q is H/D/T), CO2Isogas, and 5% Q2（Q2Is H/D/T). Finally, the three-stage cold plate is heated to 320K at the same time, and the recovered and desorbed gas contains 1 percent of Q through mass spectrum and chromatographic analysis2（Q2H/D/T), and 1% impurity gas. The 1% He and 87% Q can be directly recovered and delivered to the storage system by using a three-stage low-temperature pump2（Q2Is H/D/T); the gas delivered to the radioactive tail gas treatment unit was 4% impurity gas and 6% Q2（Q2H/D/T), the system hold-up is 2% of tritium-containing gas. The direct recovery efficiency of tritium was 91.6%.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides a tertiary cryopump processing apparatus of fusion reactor radioactive tail gas which characterized in that: the processing device comprises a primary refrigeration unit (1), a secondary refrigeration unit (2) and a tertiary refrigeration unit (3), wherein each stage of refrigeration unit comprises a refrigerator and a cold plate, the cold plate of the primary refrigeration unit (1) is a primary cold plate (4), the cold plate of the secondary refrigeration unit (2) is a secondary cold plate (5), and the cold plate of the tertiary refrigeration unit (3) is a tertiary cold plate (6); the primary cold plate (4), the secondary cold plate (5) and the tertiary cold plate (6) are all arranged in a radiation shielding box (7), the inner wall of the radiation shielding box (7) is coated with a tritium-resistant coating, and the radiation shielding box (7) is arranged in a vacuum chamber (8); the secondary cold plate (5) in the secondary refrigeration unit (2) is free of an active carbon adsorption layer, and the tertiary cold plate (6) in the tertiary refrigeration unit (3) is provided with the active carbon adsorption layer; the refrigerant of the primary refrigeration unit (1) is liquid nitrogen, the refrigerant of the secondary refrigeration unit (2) is helium, and the refrigerant of the tertiary refrigeration unit (3) is liquid helium.
2. A method for the three-stage cryopump processing of fusion reactor radioactive exhaust gas of claim 1, comprising the following steps in sequence:
a. pre-vacuumizing the separation system;
b. primary condensation of radioactive tail gas;
c. secondary condensation of radioactive tail gas;
d. carrying out three-stage condensation-adsorption on radioactive tail gas;
e. performing three-stage desorption on radioactive tail gas;
f. secondary desorption of radioactive tail gas;
g. performing first-stage desorption on radioactive tail gas;
h. heating and desorbing radioactive tail gas in multiple stages simultaneously;
the pre-vacuumizing of the separation system in the step a means that the vacuum chamber (8) is vacuumized and the vacuum degree range of the vacuum chamber (8) is controlled to be 10-3To 10-5Pa；
The first-stage condensation of the radioactive tail gas in the step b is to input the radioactive tail gas into a radiation shielding box (7), and simultaneously control the temperature of a first-stage cold plate (4) of a first-stage refrigeration unit (1) to be 70-80K;
in the step c, the secondary condensation of the radioactive tail gas is to flow the gas condensed by the primary refrigeration unit (1) into the secondary refrigeration unit (2), and simultaneously control the temperature of a secondary cold plate (5) of the secondary refrigeration unit (2) to be 10-20K;
the step d of three-stage condensation-adsorption of the radioactive tail gas is to flow the gas condensed by the second-stage refrigeration unit (2) into the third-stage refrigeration unit (3), and simultaneously control the temperature of a three-stage cold plate (6) of the third-stage refrigeration unit (3) to be 4.2K-10K;
the radioactive tail gas in the step e is subjected to three-stage desorption, namely, a three-stage cold plate (6) of a three-stage refrigeration unit (3) is heated to 20K-30K, and desorbed gas is pumped out and is transmitted to an external tritium storage and transportation system;
in the step f, the radioactive tail gas is subjected to secondary desorption, a secondary cold plate (5) of a secondary refrigeration unit (2) is heated to 15-110K, and desorbed gas is pumped out and transmitted to an external tritium storage and transportation system;
in the step g, the first-stage desorption of the radioactive tail gas is to continue to heat the first-stage cold plate (4) of the first-stage refrigeration unit (1) to g0K-320K, and the desorbed gas is pumped out and transmitted to an external radioactive tail gas treatment unit;
and h, performing multi-stage simultaneous heating and desorption on the radioactive tail gas in the step h, namely heating the three-stage cold plate (6) of the three-stage refrigeration unit (3), the two-stage cold plate (5) of the two-stage refrigeration unit (2) and the one-stage cold plate (4) of the one-stage refrigeration unit (1) to 320K at the same time, and transmitting the desorbed gas to an external radioactive tail gas treatment unit.
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