CN107987866A - A kind of device and method of the efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave and charcoal - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of the efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave and charcoal Download PDFInfo
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- CN107987866A CN107987866A CN201810036853.9A CN201810036853A CN107987866A CN 107987866 A CN107987866 A CN 107987866A CN 201810036853 A CN201810036853 A CN 201810036853A CN 107987866 A CN107987866 A CN 107987866A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave and the device and method of charcoal, including the gas handling system for providing reaction gas and carrier gas, the port of export of gas handling system is connected with pre-heating system, the port of export of pre-heating system is connected with insulation filtration system, the port of export of insulation filtration system is connected with reaction system, the port of export of reaction system is connected with product collection system, and product heat-insulation system is provided with the pipeline between reaction system and product collection system, pre-heating system, the outer sheath of insulation filtration system and reaction system is equipped with microwave generation system.The present invention enables solid waste efficiently minimizing, product liquid bio oil and solid product pyrolytic carbon that innoxious, resourcable transformation is high value using the method for microwave depolymerization+catalytic pyrolysis two-stage conversion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to utilization of waste as resource field, and in particular to a kind of efficient depolymerization coproduction of solid waste microwave
The device and method of bio oil and charcoal.
Background technology
In recent years, mankind's activity causes the discharge capacity of all kinds of discarded objects to sharply increase, including trade waste, agriculture waste
Thing, forestry waste, house refuse, cities and towns and paper mill sludge, scrap rubber, damaged tire etc..The effective rate of utilization of these discarded objects
Low, therefore traditional burning and burial, seek efficiently turning for waste material it is impossible to meet increasingly harsh environmental requirement
Change and Processes For Effective Conversion is particularly critical.
Pyrolysis technology due to advantages such as adaptability to raw material is wide, fast, the processing procedure cleanliness without any pollution of processing speed, into
One of effective way for changing rejected material to useful resource processing.However, conventional thermal cracking processes are due to being thermal energy with relatively low biography
Hot speed is conducted to inside from raw material surface, causes thermal cracking processes to convert complex, the poor controllability of product, constrains this
The further development of technology.And microwave thermal cracking mode is due to by microware heating, in microwave absorption medium booster action
Can realize the inside and outside of material down while heat, can effectively overcome conventional thermal cracking there are the shortcomings that, prevent thermal cracking mistake
The coking charing of journey and the generation of secondary response, are conducive to the efficient and abundant conversion of waste resource.But also lack at present special
The microwave thermal cracker of industry, is especially a lack of being capable of the two-stage catalytic unit of accuracy controlling microwave thermal cracking processes product.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave and the dress of charcoal
Put and method, for solving problem of the prior art, the present invention is made using the method for microwave depolymerization+catalytic pyrolysis two-stage conversion
Solid waste can efficiently minimizing, innoxious, resourcable transformation produce for the product liquid bio oil and solid of high value
Thing pyrolytic carbon.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of device of the efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave and charcoal, including for providing reaction gas
With the gas handling system of carrier gas, the port of export of gas handling system is connected with pre-heating system, and the port of export of pre-heating system, which is connected with, to be kept the temperature
Filter system, the port of export for keeping the temperature filtration system are connected with reaction system, and the port of export of reaction system is connected with product collection system,
And product heat-insulation system is provided with the pipeline between reaction system and product collection system, pre-heating system, insulation filtration system
And the outer sheath of reaction system is equipped with microwave generation system.
Further, the gas handling system includes the air inlet pipe formed by reaction tracheae and carrier gas manifold collection, air inlet pipe
The port of export connects pre-heating system；Pre-heating system includes being connected to the spiral helicine economizer bank of the air inlet pipe port of export, economizer bank it is outer
Side is arranged with preheating carborundum casing, and the port of export of economizer bank is connected with insulation filtration system.
Further, keeping the temperature filtration system includes being connected to the filtering insulation plug of the economizer bank port of export, and filtering insulation is stifled
Heatproof quartz heat-preservation cotton, the port of export coupled reaction system of filtering insulation plug are equipped with head；Reaction system includes being connected to
The cracking reactor of the filter insulation plug port of export and the catalytic reactor for being arranged on the cracking reactor port of export, catalytic reactor
The port of export be connected with gas trap, be connected with product collection system between the port of export and gas trap of catalytic reactor.
Further, cracking reactor is the semicircular hollow cylinder in section, and the upper end of hollow cylinder is solid waste
Mouth is added, one end of hollow cylinder is equipped with cracking reactor air inlet, cracking reactor air inlet and the outlet of filtering insulation plug
End is connected；
Catalytic reactor includes the reactor body of hollow cylinder, and one end of reactor body is equipped with end cap, on end cap
Some catalytic reactor air admission holes are evenly equipped with, the other end of reactor body is provided with catalytic reactor gas outlet.
Further, microwave generation system includes being arranged on the outside of pre-heating system, insulation filtration system and reaction system
Microwave enclosure and the microwave feedthrough system that is arranged on microwave enclosure, the both sides of microwave enclosure be respectively equipped with front end microwave suppression
Device processed and rear end microwave restraining device, the free end of front end microwave restraining device are provided with sealing termination.
Further, product heat-insulation system includes the insulation carborundum casing being set on catalytic reactor port of export pipeline
With electrical heat tracing device, and keep the temperature carborundum casing and be set in catalytic reactor port of export pipeline and be located inside microwave enclosure
Part, electrical heat tracing device are set in the part that catalytic reactor port of export pipeline is located at outside microwave enclosure.
Further, product collection system includes the collecting pipe being connected between the port of export of catalytic reactor and gas trap
Road, the port of export of collection conduit are connected with level-one bio oil collection device, the distillation outlet connection of level-one bio oil collection device
There is two stage biological oil collection device, condenser pipe is arranged with collection conduit.
The method of a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave and charcoal, using above-mentioned device, bag
Include following steps：
Step 1：It is 0.5~10mm that solid waste is ground into particle diameter, is placed in cracking reactor；By particle diameter for 2~
The catalyst of 10mm is placed in catalytic reactor, is passed through carrier gas to exclude the air in reaction system, every gram of solid waste pair
The carrier gas flux answered is 5~30mL/min；
Step 2：Electrical heat tracing device is opened, temperature is 250~350 DEG C, opens gas trap, is then turned on microwave hair
Raw system, microwave frequency 2.45GHz, microwave power is 200~400W, is reacted 5~10 minutes, discharge cracking reaction at initial stage production
Raw water and low molecular compound；
Step 3：Reaction gas is passed through, opens the condensed water in condenser pipe, controlled at 2~5 DEG C, two stage biological oil is received
Dry ice acetone bath is added in acquisition means, closes gas trap, adjusting microwave power is 800~1200W, and cracking reactor is warming up to
400~700 DEG C, corresponding catalytic reactor temperature is 350~650 DEG C at this time, keeps reaction 15~30 minutes at this temperature,
The reaction gas is methanol, formaldehyde or methane gas, and the corresponding reaction gas flow speed of every gram of solid waste is 0.1~2mL/
min；
Step 4：After reaction, microwave generation system is closed, closes electrical heat tracing device, and stops being passed through reaction
Gas, when the temperature in cracking reactor is down to below 150 DEG C, stopping is passed through carrier gas, and closes the condensed water in condenser pipe, and one
It is the level-one bio oil mixed liquor being collected into level bio oil collection device, level-one bio oil mixed liquor is 20 DEG C in temperature, phase
It is evaporated under reduced pressure under conditions of being -0.085~-0.095Mpa to vacuum, when no cut steams, remaining liquid is one
Level bio oil；Two stage biological oil collection device be collected into for two stage biological oil；Remaining product is biology in cracking reactor
Charcoal.
Further, the solid waste for agriculture and forestry organic waste material, house refuse, sludge, one kind in scrap rubber or
It is a variety of；The carrier gas is helium；The catalyst is one in zeolitic catalyst, activated carbon supported metal catalyst
Kind.
Further, in terms of mass fraction, cracking reactor material is by 80%~90% recrystallized silicon carbide and 10%
~20% metal oxide adsorbent mixing composition, the metal oxide adsorbent is iron oxide, and cupric oxide, aoxidizes
Magnesium, calcium oxide, one kind in nickel oxide；Catalytic reactor material is recrystallized silicon carbide.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has technique effect beneficial below：
The present apparatus devises reaction gas and carrier gas two-stage gas handling system, and cracking reactor and catalytic reactor are combined,
The online catalytic reforming of solid waste thermal cracking steam is realized well, and cracking reactor and catalytic reaction can be passed through
Device itself material suction baud point realizes the temperature automatic adjustment under same microwave energy, is conducive to improve final product bio oil
Quality.The product collection system of design can realize point of different molecular weight in product, boiling point component by two sections of hierarchical approaches
Level enrichment.
Reaction gas is added in the method for the present invention reaction process, reaction gas methanol, formaldehyde and methane can absorb micro- well
Wave energy is converted into free radical, is formed in " high mars free radical site ", so as to be combined with cracking steam activity end, suppresses secondary counter
The generation answered；The addition of simultaneous reactions gas can be very good to carry thermal cracking steam removal reaction system, is mixed into solvent version
In bio oil, bio oil is prevented to be adhered on the tube wall of device, and solvent can pass through the form and biology oil of vacuum distillation
From and repeat back to receipts utilize, realize cleaning with circulation Commercial cultivation.
Further, cracking reactor material is by the recrystallized silicon carbide of mass parts 80%~90% and 10%~20%
Metal oxide adsorbent mixing composition, catalytic reactor material is recrystallized silicon carbide, and such mode can be very good to control
The reaction temperature of system cracking section and catalytic section.Metal oxide is added in cracking reactor material, can be very good to accelerate its suction
The efficiency of microwave is received, so as to improve the heating rate and lysis efficiency of heat scission reaction；And catalytic reactor is using recrystallization carbon
SiClx material, the reactor of this material on the premise of microwave frequency is not changed, can realize that the temperature of catalyst reaction section is low
In cracking reaction section, the quadric catalysis of cracking steam is so may advantageously facilitate, and reduces the generation of secondary response.
Further, when reaction starts, gas trap is first opened, is then turned on microwave generation system, microwave frequency is
2.45GHz, microwave power are 200~400W, are reacted 5~10 minutes, the water and degraded that discharge cracking reaction at initial stage produces
Compound；Oxygen content in agriculture and forestry organic waste material etc. can be greatly lowered (with shapes such as water, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide in this mode
Formula removes), so as to be conducive to improve the calorific value of bio oil and improve the distribution of component in bio oil.
Brief description of the drawings
The equipment flowsheet of Fig. 1 present invention；
Fig. 2 is cracking reactor schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is catalytic reactor schematic diagram.
Wherein, 1- air inlet pipe, 2- sealings termination, 3- front ends microwave restraining device, 4- preheating carborundum casings, 5- preheatings
Pipe, 6- microwave enclosures, 7- filtering insulation plugs, 8- cracking reactors, 9- microwave feedthrough systems, 10- catalytic reactors, 11- are protected
Warm carborundum casing, 12- rear ends microwave restraining device, 13- electrical heat tracing devices, 14- gas traps, 15- condenser pipes, 16- mono-
Level bio oil collection device, 17- two stage biological oil collection devices, 18- cracking reactor air inlets, 19- catalytic reactor end caps,
20- catalytic reactor air admission holes, 21- catalytic reactors gas outlet.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the device of a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave and charcoal, mainly
By gas handling system, pre-heating system, keeps the temperature filtration system, reaction system, microwave generation system, product heat-insulation system, collection of products
System forms.
Gas handling system, is made of two air inlet pipe 1 of reaction gas and carrier gas, and material is quartz ampoule, the outlet of air inlet pipe 1 and preheating
System is connected.
Pre-heating system, is made of preheating carborundum casing 4 and economizer bank 5.4 material of preheating carborundum casing is attached most importance to crystalline carbon
SiClx, is hollow sleeve, and economizer bank 5 is sleeved in preheating carborundum casing 4；5 material of economizer bank is quartz ampoule, in the shape of a spiral, in advance
5 import of heat pipe is connected with the outlet of air inlet pipe 1, and the outlet of economizer bank 5 is connected with insulation filtration system.
Filtration system is kept the temperature, is made of filtering insulation plug 7, filtering insulation plug material is quartz ampoule, and the inside adds resistance to
Fire stons English heat-preservation cotton, filtering insulation 7 import of plug are connected with economizer bank 5, and the outlet of filtering insulation plug 7 is connected with reaction system.
Reaction system, is made of cracking reactor 8 and catalytic reactor 10.8 material of cracking reactor is by mass parts
80%~90% recrystallized silicon carbide and 10%~20% metal oxide adsorbent mixing composition, metal oxidation
Thing absorbent is iron oxide, cupric oxide, magnesia, calcium oxide, one kind in nickel oxide；Cracking reactor 8 is semicircle shape, upper end
Opening, solid waste are added from upper end, and cracking reactor air inlet 18 is connected with the outlet of filtering insulation plug 7, cracking reaction
The gas that device 8 produces volatilizees from upper end and enters in catalytic reactor 10.10 material of catalytic reactor is recrystallized silicon carbide,
There is catalytic reactor end cap 19 in 10 one end of catalytic reactor, has catalytic reactor air admission hole 20 on catalytic reactor end cap 19, urges
It is catalytic reactor gas outlet 21 to change 10 other end of reactor, and catalytic reactor gas outlet 21 is connected with product heat-insulation system.Instead
System capacity is answered to be provided by microwave generation system.
Microwave generation system, is suppressed by microwave enclosure 6, microwave feedthrough system 9, front end microwave restraining device 3, rear end microwave
Device 12, sealing termination 2 form.Termination 2 is sealed with front end microwave restraining device 3 by seal washer, plays air seal work
With.Front end microwave restraining device 3 and rear end microwave restraining device 12 are connected with microwave enclosure 6, are circular hollow sleeve, material
For stainless steel.Microwave feedthrough system 9 mainly provides microwave power, 4. microwave frequencies：2.45GHz, 2. microwave output powers：0.01
~1.45KW is continuously adjustable.
Product heat-insulation system, is made of insulation carborundum casing 11 and electrical heat tracing device 13.Keep the temperature carborundum casing
11 carry out pipeline heat insulation in microwave enclosure 6, and material is recrystallized silicon carbide；Electrical heat tracing device 13 is carried out outside microwave enclosure 7
Pipeline heat insulation, outer tube outlet are connected with gas trap 14 and product collection system.Gas trap 14 is used to control microwave depolymerization to produce
The discharge of gas.
Product collection system, by condenser pipe 15, level-one bio oil collection device 16,17 groups of two stage biological oil collection device
Into.15 medium of condenser pipe is 2~5 DEG C of water, and the outlet of condenser pipe 15 is connected with level-one bio oil collection device 16, level-one bio oil
Collection device 16 is connected with two stage biological oil collection device 17, is placed with cooling medium in two stage biological oil collection device 17, is dry
Ice acetone bath.
The method of a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave and charcoal, mainly comprises the following steps：
1. it is 0.5~10mm that solid waste is ground into particle diameter, it is placed in cracking reactor 8；It is 2~10mm by particle diameter
Catalyst be placed in catalytic reactor 10.Carrier gas is passed through 10 minutes to exclude the air in reaction system, every gram of solid waste
The corresponding carrier gas flux of thing is 5~30mL/min；The solid waste is agriculture and forestry organic waste material, house refuse, sludge, useless rubber
One or more mixing in glue；The carrier gas is helium；The catalyst is zeolitic catalyst, Activated Carbon-Supported Gold Catalyst
One kind in attribute catalyst.
2. opening electrical heat tracing device 13, temperature is 250~350 DEG C, opens gas trap 14, is then turned on microwave
System, microwave frequency 2.45GHz, microwave power are 200~400W, are reacted 5~10 minutes, and discharge cracking reaction at initial stage produces
Water and low molecular compound.
3. being passed through reaction gas, the condensed water in condenser pipe 15 is opened, controlled at 2~5 DEG C, two stage biological oil collects dress
Dry ice acetone bath is added in putting 17, closes gas trap 14, adjusting microwave power is 800~1200W, and cracking reactor is warming up to
400~700 DEG C, corresponding catalytic reactor temperature is 350~650 DEG C at this time, keeps reaction 15~30 minutes at this temperature.
The reaction gas is methanol or formaldehyde gas, and the corresponding carrier gas flux of every gram of solid waste is 0.1~2mL/min.
4. after reaction, closing microwave generation system, electrical heat tracing device is closed, and stops being passed through reaction gas, is treated
When temperature in cracking reactor 8 is down to less than 150 DEG C, stopping is passed through carrier gas, and closes the condensed water in condenser pipe 15.Level-one
It is the level-one bio oil mixed liquor being collected into bio oil collection device 16, level-one bio oil mixed liquor is evaporated under reduced pressure (temperature
20 DEG C of degree, relative degree of vacuum -0.085~-0.095Mpa), when no cut steams, remaining liquid is level-one bio oil；Two
Level bio oil collection device 17 be collected into for two stage biological oil；Microwave device is opened, remaining product is in cracking reactor 8
Charcoal.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment：
Embodiment 1
Into particle diameter it is 0.5~2mm by 10g corn straw smashings, is placed in recrystallized silicon carbide and 20% oxygen by 80%
In the cracking reactor 8 for changing iron material matter composition；The HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts that particle diameter is 2mm are placed in recrystallized silicon carbide material
Catalytic reactor 10 in, it is 50mL/min helium to exclude the air in reaction system to be passed through flow.Open electrical heat tracing
Device 13, temperature are 250 DEG C, open gas trap 14, are then turned on microwave generation system, microwave frequency 2.45GHz, microwave work(
Rate is 200W, is reacted 10 minutes, then passes to the methanol reaction gas that flow is 1mL/min, opens the condensed water in condenser pipe 15,
Controlled at 2 DEG C, dry ice acetone bath is added in two stage biological oil collection device 17, closes gas trap 14, adjusts microwave power
For 800W, cracking reactor 8 is warming up to 550 DEG C, and corresponding catalytic reactor temperature is 500 DEG C at this time, is kept at this temperature
Reaction 20 minutes.After reaction, it is anti-that closing microwave generation system, closing electrical heat tracing device 13, and stopping are passed through methanol
Should gas, when the temperature in cracking reactor 8 is down to below 150 DEG C, stopping is passed through helium, and closes the condensation in condenser pipe 15
Water, is in temperature for the level-one bio oil mixed liquor being collected into, level-one bio oil mixed liquor in level-one bio oil collection device 16
20 DEG C, relative degree of vacuum is evaporated under reduced pressure under conditions of being -0.085Mpa, and when no cut steams, remaining liquid is one
Level bio oil；Two stage biological oil collection device 17 be collected into for two stage biological oil；Remaining product is made a living in cracking reactor 8
Thing charcoal.The biological oily yield (level-one bio oil+two stage biological oil) of acquisition is 67%, calorific value 32MJ/kg；Charcoal yield is
12%, specific surface area 960m2/g。
Embodiment 2
The implementation process that the present invention is introduced by taking waste plastics raw material as an example is as follows：
It is 2~5mm that 10g waste plastics is ground into particle diameter, is placed in recrystallized silicon carbide and 10% cupric oxide by 90%
In the cracking reactor 8 of material composition；The SBA-15 zeolite catalysts that particle diameter is 5mm are placed in urging for recrystallized silicon carbide material
Change in reactor 10, it is 300mL/min helium to exclude the air in reaction system to be passed through flow.Open electrical heat tracing device
13, temperature is 350 DEG C, opens gas trap 14, is then turned on microwave generation system, microwave frequency 2.45GHz, microwave power is
400W, reacts 5 minutes, then passes to the methane reaction gas that flow is 20mL/min, opens the condensed water in condenser pipe 15, control
Temperature is 5 DEG C, and dry ice acetone bath is added in two stage biological oil collection device 17, closes gas trap 14, adjusts microwave power and is
1200W, cracking reactor 8 are warming up to 700 DEG C, and corresponding catalytic reactor temperature is 650 DEG C at this time, keep anti-at this temperature
Answer 15 minutes.After reaction, microwave generation system is closed, closes electrical heat tracing device 13, and stops being passed through methane reaction
Gas, when the temperature in cracking reactor 8 is down to below 150 DEG C, stopping is passed through helium, and closes the condensation in condenser pipe 15
Water, is in temperature for the level-one bio oil mixed liquor being collected into, level-one bio oil mixed liquor in level-one bio oil collection device 16
20 DEG C, relative degree of vacuum is evaporated under reduced pressure under conditions of being -0.095Mpa, and when no cut steams, remaining liquid is one
Level bio oil；Two stage biological oil collection device 17 be collected into for two stage biological oil；Remaining product is made a living in cracking reactor 8
Thing charcoal.The biological oily yield (level-one bio oil+two stage biological oil) of acquisition is 48%, calorific value 43MJ/kg；Charcoal yield is
18%, specific surface area 810m2/g。
Embodiment 3
The implementation process that the present invention is introduced by taking paper mill sludge raw material as an example is as follows：
It is 0.5~3mm that 10g paper mill sludges are ground into particle diameter, is placed in recrystallized silicon carbide and 15% oxygen by 85%
In the cracking reactor 8 for changing magnesium material composition；The HY zeolite catalysts that particle diameter is 10mm are placed in recrystallized silicon carbide material
In catalytic reactor 10, it is 100mL/min helium to exclude the air in reaction system to be passed through flow.Open electrical heat tracing dress
13 are put, temperature is 300 DEG C, opens gas trap 14, is then turned on microwave generation system, microwave frequency 2.45GHz, microwave power
For 300W, react 5 minutes, then pass to the formaldehyde reaction gas that flow is 10mL/min, open the condensed water in condenser pipe 15, control
Temperature processed is 3 DEG C, and dry ice acetone bath is added in two stage biological oil collection device 17, closes gas trap 14, adjusts microwave power and is
1000W, cracking reactor 8 are warming up to 400 DEG C, and corresponding catalytic reactor temperature is 350 DEG C at this time, keep anti-at this temperature
Answer 30 minutes.After reaction, microwave generation system is closed, closes electrical heat tracing device 13, and stops being passed through formaldehyde reaction
Gas, when the temperature in cracking reactor 8 is down to below 150 DEG C, stopping is passed through helium, and closes the condensation in condenser pipe 15
Water, is in temperature for the level-one bio oil mixed liquor being collected into, level-one bio oil mixed liquor in level-one bio oil collection device 16
20 DEG C, relative degree of vacuum is evaporated under reduced pressure under conditions of being -0.09Mpa, and when no cut steams, remaining liquid is level-one
Bio oil；Two stage biological oil collection device 17 be collected into for two stage biological oil；Remaining product is biology in cracking reactor 8
Charcoal.The biological oily yield (level-one bio oil+two stage biological oil) of acquisition is 35%, calorific value 22MJ/kg；Charcoal yield is
47%, specific surface area 75m2/ g, component are calcium carbonate.
Embodiment 4
It is as follows with introducing implementation process of the invention exemplified by damaged tire mixed material by larch：
Mix, be placed in by 87% knot again after being 5~10mm into particle diameter with 5g Waste tyre crushings by 5g larches
In the cracking reactor 8 of brilliant carborundum and 13% calcium oxide material composition；The Pd/C catalyst that particle diameter is 5mm is placed in and is tied again
In the catalytic reactor 10 of brilliant silicon carbide material, it is 150mL/min helium to exclude the air in reaction system to be passed through flow.Open
Electrical heat tracing device 13 is opened, temperature is 320 DEG C, opens gas trap 14, is then turned on microwave generation system, microwave frequency is
2.45GHz, microwave power 350W, react 7 minutes, then pass to the methanol reaction gas that flow is 15mL/min, open condensation
Condensed water in pipe 15, controlled at 5 DEG C, adds dry ice acetone bath, closes gas trap in two stage biological oil collection device 17
14, adjusting microwave power is 900W, and cracking reactor 8 is warming up to 450 DEG C, and corresponding catalytic reactor temperature is 400 DEG C at this time,
Reaction 25 minutes is kept at this temperature.After reaction, microwave generation system is closed, closes electrical heat tracing device 13, and
Stopping is passed through methanol reaction gas, and when the temperature in cracking reactor 8 is down to below 150 DEG C, stopping is passed through helium, and closes cold
Condensed water in solidifying pipe 15, is the level-one bio oil mixed liquor being collected into, level-one bio oil in level-one bio oil collection device 16
Mixed liquor is 20 DEG C in temperature, and relative degree of vacuum is evaporated under reduced pressure under conditions of being -0.092Mpa, when no cut steams, is remained
Remaining liquid is level-one bio oil；Two stage biological oil collection device 17 be collected into for two stage biological oil；In cracking reactor 8
Remaining product is charcoal.The biological oily yield (level-one bio oil+two stage biological oil) of acquisition is 55%, calorific value 38MJ/
kg；Charcoal yield is 31%, specific surface area 1530m2/g。
Embodiment 5
The implementation process that the present invention is introduced by taking alkali lignin raw material as an example is as follows：
10g alkali lignins are ground into particle diameter to be mixed after 1~3mm, are placed in by 80% recrystallized silicon carbide
In the cracking reactor 8 of 20% nickel oxide material composition；By the Fe that particle diameter is 10mm2O3/ C catalyst is placed in recrystallization carbon
In the catalytic reactor 10 of SiClx material, it is 180mL/min helium to exclude the air in reaction system to be passed through flow.Open electricity
Heating and heat-insulating device 13, temperature are 270 DEG C, open gas trap 14, are then turned on microwave generation system, microwave frequency is
2.45GHz, microwave power 350W, react 10 minutes, then pass to the methanol reaction gas that flow is 3mL/min, open condensation
Condensed water in pipe 15, controlled at 2 DEG C, adds dry ice acetone bath, closes gas trap in two stage biological oil collection device 17
14, adjusting microwave power is 1200W, and cracking reactor 8 is warming up to 600 DEG C, and corresponding catalytic reactor temperature is 550 at this time
DEG C, reaction 30 minutes is kept at this temperature.After reaction, microwave generation system is closed, closes electrical heat tracing device 13,
And stop being passed through methanol reaction gas, when the temperature in cracking reactor 8 is down to below 150 DEG C, stopping is passed through helium, and closes
Condensed water in condenser pipe 15, is the level-one bio oil mixed liquor being collected into level-one bio oil collection device 16, level-one biology
Oily mixed liquor is 20 DEG C in temperature, and relative degree of vacuum is evaporated under reduced pressure under conditions of being -0.088Mpa, when no cut steams,
Remaining liquid is level-one bio oil；Two stage biological oil collection device 17 be collected into for two stage biological oil；Cracking reactor 8
In remaining product be charcoal.The biological oily yield (level-one bio oil+two stage biological oil) of acquisition is 49%, and calorific value is
36MJ/kg；Charcoal yield is 40%, specific surface area 1210m2/g。
Claims (10)
1. the device of a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave and charcoal, it is characterised in that including for
The gas handling system of reaction gas and carrier gas is provided, the port of export of gas handling system is connected with pre-heating system, and the port of export of pre-heating system connects
Insulation filtration system is connected to, the port of export for keeping the temperature filtration system is connected with reaction system, and the port of export of reaction system is connected with production
Thing collection system, and product heat-insulation system is provided with the pipeline between reaction system and product collection system, pre-heating system, guarantor
The outer sheath of warm filtration system and reaction system is equipped with microwave generation system.
2. the device of a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave according to claim 1 and charcoal,
It is characterized in that, the gas handling system includes the air inlet pipe (1) formed by reaction tracheae and carrier gas manifold collection, air inlet pipe (1)
The port of export connects pre-heating system；Pre-heating system includes the spiral helicine economizer bank (5) for being connected to air inlet pipe (1) port of export, preheating
The outer sheath for managing (5) is equipped with preheating carborundum casing (4), and the port of export of economizer bank (5) is connected with insulation filtration system.
3. the device of a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave according to claim 2 and charcoal,
It is characterized in that, insulation filtration system includes being connected to the filtering insulation plug (7) of economizer bank (5) port of export, filtering insulation is stifled
Heatproof quartz heat-preservation cotton, the port of export coupled reaction system of filtering insulation plug (7) are equipped with head (7)；Reaction system includes connecting
The cracking reactor (8) for being connected on filtering insulation plug (7) port of export and the catalysis for being arranged on cracking reactor (8) port of export are anti-
Device (10) is answered, the port of export of catalytic reactor (10) is connected with gas trap (14), the port of export and gas of catalytic reactor (10)
Valve is connected with product collection system between (14).
4. the device of a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave according to claim 3 and charcoal,
It is characterized in that, cracking reactor (8) is the semicircular hollow cylinder in section, the upper end of hollow cylinder adds for solid waste
Mouthful, one end of hollow cylinder is equipped with cracking reactor air inlet (18), cracking reactor air inlet (18) and filtering insulation plug
(7) port of export is connected；
Catalytic reactor (10) includes the reactor body of hollow cylinder, and one end of reactor body is equipped with end cap (19), end
Some catalytic reactor air admission holes (20) are evenly equipped with lid (19), the other end of reactor body is provided with catalytic reactor outlet
Mouth (21).
5. the device of a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave according to claim 3 and charcoal,
It is characterized in that, microwave generation system includes being arranged on the microwave on the outside of pre-heating system, insulation filtration system and reaction system
Babinet (6) and the microwave feedthrough system (9) being arranged on microwave enclosure (6), the both sides of microwave enclosure (6) are respectively equipped with front end
Microwave restraining device (3) and rear end microwave restraining device (12), the free end of front end microwave restraining device (3) are provided with sealed end
Head (2).
6. the device of a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave according to claim 5 and charcoal,
It is characterized in that, product heat-insulation system includes the insulation carborundum casing being set on catalytic reactor (10) port of export pipeline
(11) and electrical heat tracing device (13), and keep the temperature carborundum casing (11) and be set in catalytic reactor (10) port of export pipeline position
In the internal part of microwave enclosure (6), electrical heat tracing device (13) is set in catalytic reactor (10) port of export pipeline and is located at
The exterior part of microwave enclosure (6).
7. the device of a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave according to claim 6 and charcoal,
It is characterized in that, product collection system includes the collection being connected between the port of export of catalytic reactor (10) and gas trap (14)
Pipeline, the port of export of collection conduit are connected with level-one bio oil collection device (16), the steaming of level-one bio oil collection device (16)
Distillate mouth and be connected with two stage biological oil collection device (17), condenser pipe (15) is arranged with collection conduit.
8. the method for a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave and charcoal, using described in claim 7
Device, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：It is 0.5~10mm that solid waste is ground into particle diameter, is placed in cracking reactor (8)；By particle diameter for 2~
The catalyst of 10mm is placed in catalytic reactor (10), is passed through carrier gas to exclude the air in reaction system, every gram of solid waste
The corresponding carrier gas flux of thing is 5~30mL/min；
Step 2：Electrical heat tracing device (13) is opened, temperature is 250~350 DEG C, opens gas trap (14), is then turned on micro-
Ripple generating system, microwave frequency 2.45GHz, microwave power are 200~400W, are reacted 5~10 minutes, and discharge cracking at initial stage is anti-
The water and low molecular compound that should be produced；
Step 3：Reaction gas is passed through, opens the condensed water in condenser pipe (15), controlled at 2~5 DEG C, two stage biological oil is received
Dry ice acetone bath is added in acquisition means (17), closes gas trap (14), adjusting microwave power is 800~1200W, cracking reactor
(8) 400~700 DEG C are warming up to, corresponding catalytic reactor temperature is 350~650 DEG C at this time, keeps reaction 15 at this temperature
~30 minutes, the reaction gas was methanol, formaldehyde or methane gas, and the corresponding reaction gas flow speed of every gram of solid waste is
0.1~2mL/min；
Step 4：After reaction, microwave generation system is closed, closes electrical heat tracing device (13), and stops being passed through reaction
Gas, when the temperature in cracking reactor (8) is down to below 150 DEG C, stopping is passed through carrier gas, and closes cold in condenser pipe (15)
Condensate, is the level-one bio oil mixed liquor being collected into level-one bio oil collection device (16), level-one bio oil mixed liquor is in temperature
Spend for 20 DEG C, relative degree of vacuum is evaporated under reduced pressure under conditions of being -0.085~-0.095Mpa, remaining when no cut steams
Liquid be level-one bio oil；Two stage biological oil collection device (17) be collected into for two stage biological oil；Cracking reactor (8)
In remaining product be charcoal.
9. the method for a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave according to claim 8 and charcoal,
It is characterized in that, the solid waste is agriculture and forestry organic waste material, the one or more in house refuse, sludge, scrap rubber；Institute
The carrier gas stated is helium；The catalyst is zeolitic catalyst, one kind in activated carbon supported metal catalyst.
10. the method for a kind of efficient depolymerization co-producing bio-oil of solid waste microwave according to claim 8 and charcoal,
It is characterized in that, in terms of mass fraction, cracking reactor (8) material by 80%~90% recrystallized silicon carbide and 10%~
20% metal oxide adsorbent mixing composition, the metal oxide adsorbent is iron oxide, cupric oxide, magnesia,
Calcium oxide, one kind in nickel oxide；Catalytic reactor (10) material is recrystallized silicon carbide.
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| CN108998057A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-14 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of method of discarded cigarette filter microwave-assisted depolymerization coproduction ester-rich pyrolysis oil and active carbon |
| CN109500062A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-22 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the waste tire recycling material of excess sludge improvement |
| CN110437861A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-12 | 华南理工大学 | It is a kind of based on microwave-assisted and zeolite catalyst combustible solid wastes by utilizing high temperature pyrolysis method and apparatus |
| CN110437856A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-12 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of combustible solid wastes by utilizing rapid pyrolysis method and device based on zeolite porous media and more physical chemistry fields |
| CN112938982A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-11 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing liquid oil and silicon carbide through microwave-assisted depolymerization of rice hulls |
| CN113398886A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for co-producing adsorption activated carbon and biological aviation fuel precursor by using waste lignin |
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| CN114199666B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-08-15 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Design, construction and debugging of efficient and controllable online microwave reaction system |
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