CN107984111A - A kind of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107984111A CN107984111A CN201711393825.4A CN201711393825A CN107984111A CN 107984111 A CN107984111 A CN 107984111A CN 201711393825 A CN201711393825 A CN 201711393825A CN 107984111 A CN107984111 A CN 107984111A
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- welding
- lithium alloy
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- magnesium lithium
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/284—Mg as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire and its preparation method and application, by weight percentage, is made of following component：Mg：86~88%, Al：3.0~5.0%, Zn：0.002~0.005%, Ca：0.001~0.004%, Cu：0.001~0.003%, Ag：0.002~0.006%, surplus Li.Density is the super-light Mg-Li alloy of 1.4 1.62g/cm3.Above-mentioned component is subjected to vacuum melting into ingot casting, the bar of φ 9.5mm is progressively squeezed into by mould, realize high speed, continuous production, be not in fracture of wire phenomenon in drawing process, reduce oxide inclusion content, the intensity and plasticity of alloy are improved, disclosure satisfy that the high-speed automated welding needs of welding wire.Single side forming welding is carried out using direct-flow argon-arc welder, the welding point of welding wire and mother metal postwelding is put into XL 1 in temperature type resistance furnace 170.20h is kept the temperature under C and carries out artificial aging processing, increases strength of welded joint.Compared with mother metal tensile strength, elongation percentage reach, all increase, welding performance is stablized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, and in particular to a kind of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof and should
With.
Background technology
Magnesium lithium alloy is the alloy material of density minimum so far, has the advantages that a variety of, is had in many fields fine
Application prospect.For magnesium lithium alloy, performance of the stress state to its plasticity during extruding, drawing forming is not
Profit, therefore magnesium lithium alloy is difficult to drawing forming, and the product of drawing forming has dimensional accuracy and surface roughness height, it is special
Be not wire rod, tube-drawing be difficult to realize at a high speed, continuous production.Often there is fracture of wire in the drawing process of production welding wire to show
As high mainly due to oxide inclusion content, coarse grains, have dendritic segregation, cause the plasticity of alloy to decline, therefore
Welding wire can not also meet the needs of high-speed automated welding.In drawing process the fracture of welding wire mainly by pulling capacity, drawing speed,
The influence of the factors such as compression ratio, residual stress.Magnesium lithium alloy have lightweight, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, electrical and thermal conductivity it is good,
The advantages that capability of electromagnetic shielding is good so that it has very in fields such as aerospace, weaponry, traffic equipment, portable electronic pieces
Good application prospect, and magnesium lithium alloy often relates to many Welding Problems in the application process in these fields.Magnesium lithium alloy
Although mother metal has good comprehensive performance.But influenced in welding process by thermal weld stress, institutional framework can occur
Very big change, the welding of magnesium lithium alloy often occur that weld porosity is more, and welding hot crack tendency is big and weld strength is low etc.
Problem, these problems all greatly reduce the intensity of welding point, have seriously affected development of the magnesium lithium alloy in every field.For
, it is necessary to this is from various aspects such as suitable adapted welding wire, rational welding procedure, good welding after welding treatment means, to
It can solve the above problems so that magnesium lithium alloy can preferably be sent out in the field such as space flight and aviation, national defense and military and automobile, electronics
Shoot its advantage.At present, China has grasped the key technology for preparing and processing magnesium lithium alloy, the ultralight magnesium obtained substantially
Lithium alloy density is 1.40~1.65g/cm3, tensile strength reach more than 300MPa, elongation percentage is 8%~15%.And obtain
The minimum thickness of various sizes of bar, plate, angle section etc., wherein plate can reach 0.2mm.These materials are hopeful needing
Mitigate and applied on the device of quality.
The content of the invention
Occur that weld porosity is more to solve the welding of magnesium lithium alloy, welding hot crack tendency is big and weld strength is low asks
Topic, the present invention provides a kind of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：A kind of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, by weight percentage, by following
Component forms：Mg：86~88%, Al：3.0~5.0%, Zn：0.002~0.005%, Ca：0.001~0.004%, Cu：
0.001~0.003%, Ag：0.002~0.006%, surplus Li.
The magnesium lithium alloy density of the present invention is 1.4-1.62g/cm3。
A kind of method for preparing above-mentioned high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, specifically comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：The magnesium lithium alloy of above-mentioned component is subjected to vacuum melting；
Step（2）：Melted ingot casting is extruded by mould, is squeezed into the bar of φ 9.5mm；
Step（3）：By the magnesium lithium alloy bar of φ 9.5mm by water tank drawbench from φ 9.5mm-φ 7.85mm-φ
6.25mm-φ 5.5mm-φ 4.25mm-φ 3.75mm-φ 2.35mm-φ 1.98mm are prepared into silk material, at surface
After reason, complete welding wire is coiled into.
Preferably, step（1）Middle selection vacuum induction melting carries out vacuum melting.
The step（1）In, smelting temperature is 700-720 DEG C.
Step（1）In, homogenizing annealing processing is carried out to melted ingot casting.
A kind of application of above-mentioned high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, specifically includes following steps：
Step（1）：Mother metal is first wiped into acetone soln, chemical cleaning is carried out, then dries up；
Step（2）：Take the welding wire of φ 1.98mm, using 1 85 type Manual direct current argon arc welding machines of Lincoln Precision TIG into
Row single side forming welding, in welding process, since the thermo-responsive coefficient of aluminium alloy is high, heat transfer rate is fast, and welding procedure is：Weldering
Meet electric current, 75-85A；Weldingvoltage, 12--13V；Speed of welding, 2.0mm/s；Argon flow amount, 8~10L/min；
Step（3）：The welding point of welding wire and mother metal postwelding is put into XL-1 in temperature type resistance furnace 170。Kept the temperature under C
20h carries out artificial aging processing, increases strength of welded joint.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention tests Al, Zn, Ca, Cu, Ag these alloying elements, and aluminium lithium is closed
The influence of the structure property of as cast condition after gold is smelted, it is that magnesium lithium alloy density is 1.4-1.62g/ to obtain super-light Mg-Li alloy density
cm3, preferably 1.62g/cm3。
The present invention selects vacuum induction melting, solves the problems, such as that lithium is oxidized easily, realizes process route green ring
Protect, ensure that the superiority of product quality；Magnesium lithium alloy is squeezed into the bar of φ 9.5mm, by the magnesium lithium alloy rod of φ 9.5mm
Material by water tank drawbench from φ 9.5mm-φ 7.85mm-φ 6.25mm-φ 5.5mm-φ 4.25mm-φ 3.75mm-
Progressively the silk material of φ 1.98mm is made in wire drawing to φ 2.35mm-φ 1.98mm, and the drawing process of the pole, can realize at a high speed, even
Continuous metaplasia production, is not in fracture of wire phenomenon in drawing process, reduces oxide inclusion content, improve the plasticity of alloy, energy
Enough meet the high-speed automated welding needs of welding wire；
At present, since magnesium lithium alloy is easily aoxidized, Surface Creation oxide-film, in welding process, slag inclusion, the surface and oil contaminant of welding wire
And oxide-film can often produce the weld defects such as stomata, slag inclusion, weld crack can be formed when serious, influences welding quality, welded
According to welding to the hardness analysis of welded specimen, tensile strength analysis and weld metal zone fabric analysis and magnesium lithium alloy when connecing experiment
The fire check susceptibility of welding and the mechanical strength of welding point, so as to draw the optimised process of magnesium lithium alloy welding wire application
For：Welding current, 75-85A；Weldingvoltage, 12--13V；And speed of welding, 2.0mm/s；And argon flow amount, 8~10L/min
Protected, to prevent that oxidation reaction occurs in the high-temperature residence stage.
The selection of wherein welding current depends mainly on alloy composition, thickness of slab and reverse side whether there is backing plate etc..Welding current
Size is to determine the most important parameter of weld penetration, and welding current is bigger, and wire melting is faster, and fusion penetration is bigger, and welding efficiency carries
It is high.But when welding current is too big, easily produce the weld defects such as undercut, overlap, burn-through, welding deformation increase, connector heat affecting
Area's coarse grains, toughness decline.Welding current is too small, difficult it will cause striking, and welding wire is easily sticked on workpiece, and electric arc is not
The defects of stablizing, producing lack of penetration, non-soldering, stomata, slag inclusion, and production efficiency is relatively low.So the welding current of the present invention is excellent
Select 80A.
The present invention avoids the fracture of wire phenomenon in drawing process, does heat to improve the intensity of magnesium lithium alloy welding wire and plasticity
Processing, homogenizing annealing ensure that the implementation of cold-rolling process and improve the uniformity of alloy structure component, improve alloy property.
When being heat-treated, ensure the toughness of welding wire, cycling processability by controlling annealing temperature, aging time etc. and ensure to produce
The welding performance of product.It is the magnesium lithium alloy component of weld wire even tissue that is obtained, functional.As can be seen that φ from Fig. 1,2
Fracture has many dimples under 1000 times and 2000 times scanning electron microscope of 1.98mm welding wires, shows good toughness, is plastotype fracture,
Illustrate that welding wire plastotype is good.
The present invention tries welding using suitable adapted welding wire, rational welding procedure, good welding after welding treatment means
Sample postwelding carries out Mechanics Performance Testing, and postwelding deposited metal tensile strength reaches more than 340MPa, and elongation percentage reaches 12~16%,
With mother metal tensile strength 300MPa, elongation percentage reaches 9~10% and compares, all increases, and welding wire welding performance of the invention is steady
It is fixed, it can be applied in the fields such as aerospace, weaponry.
Brief description of the drawings
Fracture scan figure under 2000 times of scanning electron microscope of Fig. 1 φ 1.98mm welding wires；
Fracture scan figure under 1000 times of scanning electron microscope of Fig. 2 φ 1.98mm welding wires.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, the component containing following mass percent：The mass percentage of Mg is 87%, miscellaneous
The mass percentage of matter is 0.58%；The impurity is：The mass percentage of Al is 3.0%, the mass percentage of Zn
Mass percentage for 0.002%, Ca is 0.001%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.001%, the quality percentage of Ag contains
Measure as 0.002%, surplus Li.
The preparation method of such a high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, specifically comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Above-mentioned special component is subjected to vacuum melting, smelting temperature is 700 DEG C, melted ingot casting is carried out uniform
Annealing processing.
Step（2）：Melted ingot casting by mould be squeezed into the bar of φ 9.5mm.
Step（3）：By the magnesium lithium alloy bar of φ 9.5mm by water tank drawbench from φ 9.5mm-φ 7.85mm-φ
6.25mm-φ 5.5mm-φ 4.25mm-φ 3.75mm-φ 2.35mm-φ 1.98mm are prepared into silk material, at surface
Reason is once around the complete welding wire of formation.
Step（4）：Magnesium lithium alloy welding wire is subjected to soldering test, postwelding deposited metal tensile strength reaches 330MPa, prolongs
The rate of stretching reaches 11~12%.
A kind of application of above-mentioned high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, specifically comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：First by mother metal（Tensile strength 300MPa, elongation percentage reach 9~10%）Acetone soln is wiped, it is clear to carry out chemistry
Wash, then dry up；
Step（2）：The welding wire of φ 1.98mm is taken, is carried out using 1 85 type Manual direct current argon arc welding machines of Lincoln Precision TIG
Single side forming welding, in welding process, since the thermo-responsive coefficient of aluminium alloy is high, heat transfer rate is fast, we select relatively low
Electric current and voltage.Welding procedure is：Welding current, 80A；Weldingvoltage, 12--13V；Speed of welding, 2.0mm/s；Argon gas stream
Amount, 8~10L/min；
Step（3）：The welding point of postwelding is put into XL-1 in temperature type resistance furnace 170。20h is kept the temperature under C to carry out manually
Ageing treatment, increases strength of welded joint；
Step（4）：Welded specimen postwelding Mechanics Performance Testing, postwelding deposited metal tensile strength reach 330MPa, and elongation percentage reaches
To 12.9%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, the component containing following mass percent：The mass percentage of Mg is 88%, miscellaneous
The mass percentage of matter is 0.43%；The impurity is：The mass percentage of Al is 4.0%, the mass percentage of Zn
Mass percentage for 0.003%, Ca is 0.002%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.002%, the quality percentage of Ag contains
Measure as 0.004%, surplus Li.
The preparation method of such a high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, specifically comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Above-mentioned special component is subjected to vacuum melting, smelting temperature is 720 DEG C, melted ingot casting is carried out uniform
Annealing processing.
Step（2）：Melted ingot casting by mould be squeezed into the bar of φ 9.5mm.
Step（3）：By the magnesium lithium alloy bar of φ 9.5mm by water tank drawbench from φ 9.5mm-φ 7.85mm-φ
6.25mm-φ 5.5mm-φ 4.25mm-φ 3.75mm-φ 2.35mm-φ 1.98mm are prepared into silk material, at surface
Reason is once around the complete welding wire of formation.
Step（4）：Magnesium lithium alloy welding wire is subjected to soldering test, postwelding deposited metal tensile strength reaches 349MPa, prolongs
The rate of stretching reaches %.
A kind of application of above-mentioned high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, specifically comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：First by mother metal（Tensile strength 300MPa, elongation percentage reach 9~10%）Acetone soln is wiped, it is clear to carry out chemistry
Wash, then dry up；
Step（2）：Take the welding wire of φ 1.98mm, using 1 85 type Manual direct current argon arc welding machines of Lincoln Precision TIG into
Row single side forming welding, in welding process, since the thermo-responsive coefficient of aluminium alloy is high, heat transfer rate is fast, we select relatively low
Electric current and voltage.Welding procedure is：Welding current, 80A；Weldingvoltage, 12--13V；Speed of welding, 2.0mm/s；Argon gas stream
Amount, 8~10L/min；
Step（3）：The welding point of postwelding is put into XL-1 in temperature type resistance furnace 170。20h is kept the temperature under C to carry out manually
Ageing treatment, increases strength of welded joint；
Step（4）：Welded specimen postwelding Mechanics Performance Testing, postwelding deposited metal tensile strength reach 349MPa, and elongation percentage reaches
To 15.6%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, the component containing following mass percent：The mass percentage of Mg is 89%, miscellaneous
The quality percentage of matter is 0.63%；The impurity is：The mass percentage of Al is 5.0%, the mass percentage of Zn is
0.005%th, the mass percentage of Ca is 0.004%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.003%, the mass percentage of Ag
For 0.006%, surplus Li.
The preparation method of such a high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, specifically comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：The magnesium lithium alloy of special component is subjected to vacuum melting.
Step（2）：Melted ingot casting by mould be squeezed into the bar of φ 9.5mm.
Step（3）：By the magnesium lithium alloy bar of φ 9.5mm by water tank drawbench from φ 9.5mm-φ 7.85mm-φ
6.25mm-φ 5.5mm-φ 4.25mm-φ 3.75mm-φ 2.35mm-φ 1.98mm are prepared into silk material, at surface
Reason is once around the complete welding wire of formation.
Step（4）：Magnesium lithium alloy welding wire is subjected to soldering test, postwelding deposited metal tensile strength reaches 330MPa, prolongs
The rate of stretching reaches 11~12%.
A kind of application of above-mentioned high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, specifically comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：First by mother metal（Tensile strength 300MPa, elongation percentage reach 9~10%）Acetone soln is wiped, it is clear to carry out chemistry
Wash, then dry up；
Step（2）：The welding wire of φ 1.98mm is taken, is carried out using 1 85 type Manual direct current argon arc welding machines of Lincoln Precision TIG
Single side forming welding, in welding process, since the thermo-responsive coefficient of aluminium alloy is high, heat transfer rate is fast, we select relatively low
Electric current and voltage.Welding procedure is：Welding current, 80A；Weldingvoltage, 12--13V；Speed of welding, 2.0mm/s；Argon gas stream
Amount, 8~10L/min；
Step（3）：The welding point of postwelding is put into XL-1 in temperature type resistance furnace 170。20h is kept the temperature under C to carry out manually
Ageing treatment, increases strength of welded joint；
Step（4）：Welded specimen postwelding Mechanics Performance Testing, postwelding deposited metal tensile strength reach 338MPa, and elongation percentage reaches
To 14.8%.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire, it is characterised in that：By weight percentage, it is made of following component：Mg： 86 ~88%, Al：3.0~5.0%, Zn：0.002~0.005%, Ca：0.001~0.004%, Cu：0.001~0.003%, Ag：0.002~0.006%, surplus Li.
- A kind of 2. high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The magnesium lithium alloy density is 1.4-1.62g/cm3。
- A kind of 3. method for preparing high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Specifically include with Lower step：Step（1）：Each component, which is weighed, by said ratio carries out vacuum melting；Step（2）：Melted ingot casting is extruded by mould, is squeezed into the bar of φ 9.5mm；Step（3）：By the magnesium lithium alloy bar of φ 9.5mm by water tank drawbench from φ 9.5mm-φ 7.85mm-φ 6.25mm-φ 5.5mm-φ 4.25mm-φ 3.75mm-φ 2.35mm-φ 1.98mm are prepared into silk material, at surface Welding wire is formed after reason.
- A kind of 4. preparation method of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（1）In Vacuum induction melting is selected to carry out vacuum melting.
- A kind of 5. preparation method of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：Step （1）In, smelting temperature is 700-720 DEG C.
- A kind of 6. preparation method of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Step（1） In, homogenizing annealing processing is carried out to melted ingot casting.
- A kind of 7. application of high-performance magnesium lithium alloy welding wire as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Specifically include with Lower step：Step（1）：Mother metal is first wiped into acetone soln, chemical cleaning is carried out, then dries up；Step（2）：Above-mentioned welding wire is taken, single side forming welding is carried out using Manual direct current argon arc welding machine, welding procedure is：Welding electricity Stream, 75-85A；Weldingvoltage, 12--13V；Speed of welding, 2.0mm/s；Argon flow amount, 8~10L/min；Step（3）：The welding point of postwelding is put into resistance furnace 20h progress artificial aging processing is kept the temperature at 170 DEG C.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711393825.4A CN107984111B (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | High-performance magnesium-lithium alloy welding wire and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN107984111B CN107984111B (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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| CN107984111B (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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