CN107983667A - A kind of lithium ion battery grouping method - Google Patents
A kind of lithium ion battery grouping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107983667A CN107983667A CN201711182058.2A CN201711182058A CN107983667A CN 107983667 A CN107983667 A CN 107983667A CN 201711182058 A CN201711182058 A CN 201711182058A CN 107983667 A CN107983667 A CN 107983667A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lithium ion battery grouping method, comprise the steps of：Obtain the coding information of multiple single batteries；Volume test is carried out to multiple single batteries；The primary dcreening operations such as capacity difference, energy efficiency difference to different monomers；Respective volume test is carried out to primary dcreening operation single battery further in accordance with battery pack applying working condition；The internal resistance that the volume test of contrast first two steps is calculated at capacity difference, energy efficiency difference and characteristic curve peak value is poor；Then difference in open circuit voltage is measured after multiple single batteries are shelved；By the way that obtained capacity difference, energy efficiency be poor, internal resistance difference and difference in open circuit voltage at characteristic curve peak value, stepping is carried out by criteria for classification；Applied in groups according to the battery that stepping screens；The present invention can be screened battery according to similar performance and performance change trend, so as to reduce the inconsistent possibility of cell decay most possibly, and then ensure that stablizing for battery performance plays.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery parameter to determine technical field, more specifically a kind of lithium ion battery grouping method.
Background technology
Battery is the device that the chemical energy stored in active material is converted into electric energy by electrochemical redox reaction,
It can be the power supply such as notebook, mobile communications tool and electric car.Battery pack generally connect multi-section lithium ion battery with up to
To required operating voltage.However, the difference of bulk properties parameter is inevitably present in battery pack between each single battery, is filled
The difference of the difference of electric energy power, the difference of self-discharge rate etc., and in use, the poor performance between each single battery
It is different also to increase, so as to influence the performance of whole battery pack, or even the overcharge of Individual cells in series connection can be caused, crosses and puts
Electricity, excess temperature etc. influence battery performance and it is safe to use the problem of, and this situation can cause the drastically deterioration of battery performance, finally
Cause whole group battery not work normally, or even scrap.Therefore, battery grouping method be battery in groups apply and follow-up maintenance
In terms of one important research.
The method for group matching that lithium ion battery uses at present, includes the method screened to the parameter of lithium ion battery,
Such as publication date is 2015-03-25, Publication No. CN104438138A, in a kind of entitled lithium ion battery screening technique
State's invention Patent Application Publication, this method include：Lithium-ion electric is discharged to lithium ion battery with constant current I1 to lithium ion battery
Tank discharge point of inflexion on a curve voltage；Certain time interval T 1 is shelved, the open-circuit voltage of lithium ion battery gos up is more than lithium to U1, wherein U1
The knee voltage of ion battery discharge curve；Lithium ion battery is discharged to lithium ion battery discharge curve with constant current I2
Knee voltage, wherein I2<<I1；The lithium ion battery that self discharge voltage difference is more than 0.1V is rejected after shelving certain time interval T 2.Should
The technical solution of patent document mainly using knee voltage screened, but as screening parameter, it is more unilateral,
And screening accuracy or limited, so that last cannot more meet applying working condition when applying in groups, cause the service life shorter, can
There is certain defect by property and security.
For the method for group matching of above-mentioned similar lithium ion battery, it is common that open-circuit voltage when being dispatched from the factory according to battery
OCV, AC internal Resistance, DC internal resistance IR, capacity C apacity and self discharge etc. are screened in groups.This scheme exists certain
The problem of：First, which needs the especially self discharge of time-consuming long period to screen；Moreover the actual lotus of internal resistance and battery
Electricity condition is closely bound up, but the current test moment is based on the SOC compared with rated capacity, causes certain error；Finally,
This method does not carry out specific aim consideration to actual use occasion and operating mode.
The content of the invention
It is present invention seek to address that insufficient existing for existing method for group matching, there is provided a kind of lithium ion battery grouping method,
Battery uniformity in groups can be improved, extends its service life, improves its reliability and security.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, its specific technical solution is as follows：
A kind of lithium ion battery grouping method, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
Step 1, multiple single batteries are fixed in battery test apparatus, each single battery is obtained using information barcode scanning equipment
Coding information；
Step 2, volume test is carried out to multiple single batteries, obtains the capacity one, characteristic curve one, energy of each single battery
Efficiency one, and internal resistance one is measured at the peak value of obtained characteristic curve one；
Step 3, it is the capacity one between the different monomers battery obtained in step 2, energy efficiency one, characteristic curve one and characteristic is bent
Internal resistance one at line peak value is compared, and obtains that capacity difference, energy efficiency between different monomers battery are poor, characteristic curve peak position is poor
It is poor with the internal resistance at characteristic curve peak value；
Step 4, the capacity difference obtained according to step 3, stepping is carried out according to capacity difference standard by each single battery；According still further to energy
Inefficient standard carries out stepping；Then, stepping is carried out by characteristic curve peak position difference standard；Finally, marked according still further to internal resistance difference
Standard carries out stepping；
Step 5, the single battery filtered out by step 4 stepping, the applying working condition according to battery pack carry out volume test, obtain
The capacity two of corresponding single battery, characteristic curve two, energy efficiency two, and at the peak value of obtained characteristic curve two in measurement
Resistance two；
Step 6, step 5 is individually subtracted in the capacity one of obtained in step 2 single battery, internal resistance one, energy efficiency one
In obtain the capacity two of same single battery, internal resistance two, energy efficiency two, then the capacity of different monomers battery is calculated
Difference, internal resistance difference and energy efficiency are poor；
Step 7, each single battery is adjusted to record open-circuit voltage one after then shelving certain time interval T 1 to specified SOC, then is put
Open-circuit voltage two is recorded after putting certain time interval T 2, difference in open circuit voltage is obtained according to open-circuit voltage one and open-circuit voltage two；
Step 8, the capacity difference obtained according to step 6, stepping is carried out according to capacity difference standard by each single battery；According still further to energy
Inefficient standard carries out stepping；Then, stepping is carried out by internal resistance difference standard；Finally, the difference in open circuit voltage obtained according to step 7,
Stepping is carried out by difference in open circuit voltage standard；
Step 9, the single battery filtered out by step 8 stepping, selects battery to be applied in groups from same shelves as needed.
Volume test described in step 2 and step 5 is multiplying power scope, the operating temperature range in battery producer requirement
And carried out in voltage range.
Capacity one, capacity two described in step 2 and step 5 each mean that the actual electric discharge obtained is held during volume test
Amount.
Characteristic curve one, characteristic curve two described in step 2 and step 5 each mean to volume test obtain voltage-
Some coordinate of capacity curve or voltage-temperature curve carries out differential process, and the characteristic curve includes at least differential process value
And the curve of two coordinates of SOC；SOC is the state-of-charge relative to actual capacity.
Energy efficiency one, energy efficiency two described in step 2 and step 5 each mean that discharge energy is with filling in volume test
The ratio of electric flux.
Internal resistance one, internal resistance two described in step 2 and step 5 are each meant in each single battery discharge and recharge to characteristic curve
The value obtained at peak value according to the inner walkway method measurement of standard IEC 61960, it is more excellent comprising AC internal Resistance and DC internal resistance
Refer to DC internal resistance.
Characteristic curve peak position difference described in step 3 refers to the difference of the corresponding abscissa of characteristic curve peak value.
Capacity difference, energy efficiency described in step 3 and step 6 are poor, characteristic curve peak position difference and characteristic curve peak
Internal resistance difference at value be by with the parameter such as internal resistance at capacity, energy efficiency, characteristic curve peak position and characteristic curve peak value
Median relatively obtain.
The applying working condition of battery pack described in step 5 includes charging current, discharge current and use environment temperature.
Specified SOC described in step 7 refers to be less than the corresponding SOC value of characteristic curve peak value, is generally less than 50%..
Certain time interval T 1 described in step 7 is 0.5h≤T1≤2h, and the certain time interval T 2 is 2d≤T2≤7d.
Capacity difference standard described in step 4 and step 8 is not more than 1%, and energy efficiency difference standard is not more than 1%, and characteristic is bent
Line peak position difference standard is not more than 5%, and internal resistance value difference standard is not more than 10%, and difference in open circuit voltage standard is not more than 10%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：The battery consistency filtered out using this method is good, it is ensured that long-term circulation
It is functional；The present invention has good generalization, can be applied to the lithium ion battery of all kinds, system, specification.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the combo flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the monomer discharge characteristic curve schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the monomer DC internal resistance of the present invention with SOC change schematic diagrams.
Fig. 4 is the capacity retention ratio of two battery packs in the embodiment of the present invention 2 with the change curve of cycle-index (cycle)
Schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment and with reference to attached drawing, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to
The present embodiment.
As shown in Figs. 1-3, a kind of lithium ion battery grouping method, includes the following steps：
Step 1, multiple single batteries are fixed in battery test apparatus, each single battery is obtained using information barcode scanning equipment
Coding information；
Step 2, volume test is carried out to multiple single batteries, obtains the capacity one, characteristic curve one, energy of each single battery
Efficiency one, and internal resistance one is measured at the peak value of obtained characteristic curve one；
Step 3, it is the capacity one between the different monomers battery obtained in step 2, energy efficiency one, characteristic curve one and characteristic is bent
Internal resistance one at line peak value is compared, and obtains that capacity difference, energy efficiency between different monomers battery are poor, characteristic curve peak position is poor
It is poor with the internal resistance at characteristic curve peak value；
Step 4, the capacity difference obtained according to step 3, stepping is carried out according to capacity difference standard by each single battery；According still further to energy
Inefficient standard carries out stepping；Then, stepping is carried out by characteristic curve peak position difference standard；Finally, marked according still further to internal resistance difference
Standard carries out stepping；
Step 5, the single battery filtered out by step 4 stepping, the applying working condition according to battery pack carry out volume test, obtain
The capacity two of corresponding single battery, characteristic curve two, energy efficiency two, and at the peak value of obtained characteristic curve two in measurement
Resistance two；
Step 6, appearance is individually subtracted in the capacity one of the same single battery obtained in step 2,5, internal resistance one, energy efficiency one
Amount two, internal resistance two, energy efficiency two, then be calculated the capacity difference of different monomers battery, internal resistance difference and energy efficiency it is poor；
Step 7, each single battery is adjusted to record open-circuit voltage one after then shelving certain time interval T 1 to specified SOC, then is put
Open-circuit voltage two is recorded after putting certain time interval T 2, difference in open circuit voltage is obtained according to open-circuit voltage one and open-circuit voltage two；
Step 8, the capacity difference obtained according to step 6, stepping is carried out according to capacity difference standard by each single battery；According still further to energy
Inefficient standard carries out stepping；Then, stepping is carried out by internal resistance difference standard；Finally, the difference in open circuit voltage obtained according to step 7,
Stepping is carried out by difference in open circuit voltage standard；
Step 9, the single battery filtered out by step 8 stepping, selects battery to be applied in groups from same shelves as needed.
Volume test described in step 2 and step 5 is multiplying power scope, the operating temperature range in battery producer requirement
And carried out in voltage range.
Capacity one, capacity two described in step 2 and step 5 each mean that the actual electric discharge obtained is held during volume test
Amount.
Characteristic curve one, characteristic curve two described in step 2 and step 5 each mean to volume test obtain voltage-
The simple Mathematical treatment means of the progress such as capacity curve or voltage-temperature curve routine, more preferably, refer to above-mentioned curve
Some coordinate carries out differential process, and characteristic curve includes at least the curve of two coordinates of differential process value and SOC；SOC is phase
For the state-of-charge of actual capacity.
Characteristic curve peak position difference described in step 3 refers to the difference of the corresponding abscissa of characteristic curve peak value.
Energy efficiency one, energy efficiency two described in step 2 and step 5 each mean that discharge energy is with filling in volume test
The ratio of electric flux.
Internal resistance one, internal resistance two described in step 2 and step 5 are each meant in each single battery discharge and recharge to characteristic curve
The value obtained at peak value according to the inner walkway method measurement of standard IEC 61960, it is more excellent comprising AC internal Resistance and DC internal resistance
Refer to DC internal resistance.
The applying working condition of battery pack described in step 5 includes charging current, discharge current and use environment temperature.
Specified SOC described in step 7 refers to be less than the corresponding SOC value of characteristic curve peak value, is generally less than 50%..
Certain time interval T 1 described in step 7 is 0.5h≤T1≤2h, and the certain time interval T 2 is 2d≤T2≤7d.
Capacity difference standard described in step 4 and step 8 is not more than 1%, and energy efficiency difference standard is not more than 1%, and characteristic is bent
Line peak position difference standard is not more than 5%, and internal resistance value difference standard is not more than 10%, and difference in open circuit voltage standard is not more than 10%.
By taking 10Ah single batteries as an example.
Embodiment 1：
Battery production original state is tested：The 10Ah monomer solids mass-produced are scheduled into battery test apparatus, first with letter
Breath barcode scanning equipment obtains its coding information, sets with 3.3A constant-current discharges to 2.5V, stands 1h；Again with 3.3A constant-current charges
To 3.7V, constant pressure 3.7V to electric current is decreased to 0.33A, shelves 1h, 3.3A constant-current discharges to 2.5V.Recording discharge capacity is
C1.Battery is decreased to 0.33A, shelves 1h, surveyed using internal resistance with 3.3A constant-current charges to 3.7V, constant pressure 3.7V to electric current again
Examination instrument tests its AC internal Resistance, is recorded as R1.
It is not more than 1% according to capacity difference standard, internal resistance value difference standard carries out primary dcreening operation, then the battery to just sifting out no more than 10%
According to use environment, 1 charge and discharge cycles is carried out, 10A constant-current charge 3.7V, are discharged to 2.5V, record its capacity C 2.
Charging state battery is opened a way under the conditions of (20 ± 5) DEG C according to QC743 standards and is shelved 28 days, obtains self-discharge rate
1。
The C1-C2 of each monomer just sifted out is subjected to stepping no more than 1% according to capacity difference standard again, according still further to putting certainly
Electric rate difference standard carries out stepping no more than 3%, therefrom selects the monomer composition Battery1 of same shelves.
Embodiment 2：
Battery production original state is tested：The 10Ah monomer solids mass-produced are scheduled into battery test apparatus, first with letter
Breath barcode scanning equipment obtains its coding information, sets with 3.3A constant-current discharges to 2.5V, stands 1h；Again with 3.3A constant-current charges
To 3.7V, constant pressure 3.7V to electric current is decreased to 0.33A, shelves 1h, 3.3A constant-current discharges to 2.5V.Recording discharge capacity is
C1, then energy efficiency 1 is calculated, discharge curve is handled to obtain characteristic curve 1, and take out characteristic curve peak value correspondence
SOC1, then the charging state of battery is adjusted to SOC1, test DC internal resistance R1 is required according to IEC61960 standards.
It is not more than 1% according to capacity difference standard, energy efficiency difference standard is not more than 1%, characteristic curve peak position difference standard
No more than 5%, requirement of the internal resistance value difference standard no more than 10% carries out primary dcreening operation.
1 charge and discharge cycles is carried out, 10A constant-current charge 3.7V, put according to use environment to the battery that just sifts out again
Electricity records its capacity C 2 to 2.5V.
It is not more than 1% according to capacity difference standard, internal resistance value difference standard carries out primary dcreening operation, then the battery to just sifting out no more than 10%
According to use environment, 1 charge and discharge cycles is carried out, 10A constant-current charge 3.7V, are discharged to 2.5V,
Its capacity C 2 is recorded respectively., then energy efficiency 2 is calculated, discharge curve is handled to obtain characteristic curve 2, and
The corresponding SOC2 of characteristic curve peak value is taken out, then the charging state of battery is adjusted to SOC2, requires to survey according to IEC61960 standards
Try DC internal resistance R2.
Each single battery is adjusted to record open-circuit voltage one after then shelving 1h to 20%SOC with 3.3A constant currents again, then is put
Open-circuit voltage two is recorded after putting 3d, difference in open circuit voltage is obtained according to open-circuit voltage one and open-circuit voltage two；
It is not more than 1% according to capacity difference standard successively, energy efficiency difference standard is not more than 1%, characteristic curve peak position difference standard
No more than 5%, internal resistance value difference standard is not more than 10%, and difference in open circuit voltage standard carries out stepping no more than 10%, therefrom selects same shelves
Monomer composition Battery2.
The Battery1 and Battery2 separately constituted using case study on implementation 1 and case study on implementation 2 is identical capacity（It is specified
Capacity 100Ah）, identical voltage class（Rated voltage 33V）, single battery number is same（100）.By Battery1 and
Battery2 carries out charge-discharge test, 100A constant current charge-discharges, discharge and recharge depth in battery pack test equipment according to applying working condition
Spend for 80%DOD, the capacity retention ratio of two battery packs（capacity retention）With the change of cycle-index (cycle)
Curve is illustrated in fig. 4 shown below.
It is as can be seen that more preferable using the 2 long-term cycle performance of groups of battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can do various modifications or additions to described specific embodiment or replace in a similar way
Generation, but without departing from spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of lithium ion battery grouping method, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
Step 1, multiple single batteries are fixed in battery test apparatus, each single battery is obtained using information barcode scanning equipment
Coding information；
Step 2, volume test is carried out to multiple single batteries, obtains the capacity one, characteristic curve one, energy of each single battery
Efficiency one, and internal resistance one is measured at the peak value of obtained characteristic curve one；
Step 3, it is the capacity one between the different monomers battery obtained in step 2, energy efficiency one, characteristic curve one and characteristic is bent
Internal resistance one at line peak value is compared, and obtains that capacity difference, energy efficiency between different monomers battery are poor, characteristic curve peak position is poor
It is poor with the internal resistance at characteristic curve peak value；
Step 4, the capacity difference obtained according to step 3, stepping is carried out according to capacity difference standard by each single battery；According still further to energy
Inefficient standard carries out stepping；Then, stepping is carried out by characteristic curve peak position difference standard；Finally, marked according still further to internal resistance difference
Standard carries out stepping；
Step 5, the single battery filtered out by step 4 stepping, the applying working condition according to battery pack carry out volume test, obtain
The capacity two of corresponding single battery, characteristic curve two, energy efficiency two, and at the peak value of obtained characteristic curve two in measurement
Resistance two；
Step 6, step 5 is individually subtracted in the capacity one of obtained in step 2 single battery, internal resistance one, energy efficiency one
In obtain the capacity two of same single battery, internal resistance two, energy efficiency two, then the capacity of different monomers battery is calculated
Difference, internal resistance difference and energy efficiency are poor；
Step 7, each single battery is adjusted to record open-circuit voltage one after then shelving certain time interval T 1 to specified SOC, then is put
Open-circuit voltage two is recorded after putting certain time interval T 2, difference in open circuit voltage is obtained according to open-circuit voltage one and open-circuit voltage two；
Step 8, the capacity difference obtained according to step 6, stepping is carried out according to capacity difference standard by each single battery；According still further to energy
Inefficient standard carries out stepping；Then, stepping is carried out by internal resistance difference standard；Finally, the difference in open circuit voltage obtained according to step 7,
Stepping is carried out by difference in open circuit voltage standard；
Step 9, the single battery filtered out by step 8 stepping, selects battery to be applied in groups from same shelves as needed.
2. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Capacity described in step 2 and step 5
Test is carried out in the multiplying power scope, operating temperature range and voltage range of battery producer requirement.
3. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Described in step 2 and step 5
Capacity one, capacity two each mean the actual discharge capacity obtained during volume test.
4. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Characteristic described in step 2 and step 5
Curve one, characteristic curve two each mean some coordinate of the voltage-capacity curve obtained to volume test or voltage-temperature curve
Differential process is carried out, the characteristic curve includes at least the curve of two coordinates of differential process value and SOC；SOC be relative to
The state-of-charge of actual capacity.
5. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Energy described in step 2 and step 5
Efficiency one, energy efficiency two each mean the ratio of discharge energy and rechargeable energy in volume test.
6. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Internal resistance described in step 2 and step 5
First, internal resistance two each mean each single battery discharge and recharge at characteristic curve peak value according to the inner walkway of standard IEC 61960
The value that method measurement obtains, comprising AC internal Resistance and DC internal resistance, more preferably refers to DC internal resistance.
7. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Characteristic curve peak described in step 3
Value alternate position spike refers to the difference of the corresponding abscissa of characteristic curve peak value.
8. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Capacity described in step 3 and step 6
Difference, energy efficiency is poor, the internal resistance difference at characteristic curve peak position difference and characteristic curve peak value be by with capacity, energy dose-effect
The median of the parameter such as internal resistance relatively obtains at rate, characteristic curve peak position and characteristic curve peak value.
9. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Battery pack described in step 5 makes
Include charging current, discharge current and use environment temperature with operating mode.
10. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Specified SOC described in step 7 is
Finger is less than the corresponding SOC value of characteristic curve peak value, and less than 50%.
11. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Certain time interval T 1 described in step 7
It is 0.5h≤T1≤2h, the certain time interval T 2 is 2d≤T2≤7d.
12. lithium ion battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Appearance described in step 4 and step 8
The poor standard of amount is not more than 1%, and energy efficiency difference standard is not more than 1%, and characteristic curve peak position difference standard is not more than 5%, internal resistance value
Poor standard is not more than 10%, and difference in open circuit voltage standard is not more than 10%.
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