CN107982948A - A kind of method that saturated vapour pressure is reduced or increased using electrostatic field - Google Patents
A kind of method that saturated vapour pressure is reduced or increased using electrostatic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN107982948A CN107982948A CN201711273902.2A CN201711273902A CN107982948A CN 107982948 A CN107982948 A CN 107982948A CN 201711273902 A CN201711273902 A CN 201711273902A CN 107982948 A CN107982948 A CN 107982948A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that saturated vapour pressure is reduced or increased using electrostatic field, in the case of temperature-resistant, when needing to reduce the saturated vapour pressure of gas-liquid two-phase balance system, by the parallel boundary for putting on gas-liquid two-phase balance system of electrostatic field, or electrostatic field is applied only to the liquid phase region of gas-liquid two-phase balance system；When needing to improve the saturated vapour pressure of gas-liquid two-phase balance system, electrostatic field is applied orthogonal to the boundary of gas-liquid two-phase balance system.The present invention in the case of temperature-resistant, to achieve the purpose that reduction or increase vapour pressure, improve distillation efficiency, enhances heat and mass transfer process by varying electrostatic field direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the saturated vapour pressure that electrostatic field changes gas-liquid two-phase system, particularly electric field-enhanced gas-liquid phase transition
Heat and mass transfer process, can be applied to the industries such as material, chemical industry, the energy, pharmacy and food.
Background technology
Phase transition process is related to the transmission of matter and energy, such as the phase-change heat transfer characterized by seething with excitement and condense at the same time, with
Phase transformation mass transfer that evaporation and distillation are characterized etc..Gas-liquid phase transition phenomenon be widely present in nature and material, the energy, chemical industry,
The engineering field such as food and pharmacy, concentration and the drying and chemical industry separated etc. of food and medicine are directed to gas-liquid phase transition
Process.Separated is a kind of typical gas-liquid phase transition process, is most common separating mixture on current chemical industry and food
Method.But the disadvantage of distillation is high energy consumption, because distillation procedure needs liquid mixture gasification and condensation establishing gas-liquid
Binary system；In order to establish gas-liquid two-phase system, it is sometimes desirable to which high pressure, high temperature or low pressure, low temperature etc. are not easy the condition realized.
Temperature and pressure are the two basic macroscopic physical quantities arrived involved in phase transition process, strengthen the biography of gas-liquid phase transition process
System method is the temperature or pressure of change system, and this method and apparatus investment is closely related with energy consumption, but also is frequently subjected to
The limitation of technology and equipment.In addition, as food, medicine etc. are concentrated and dried time and temperature and the quality of product is closely related, one
A little heat-sensitive substances have temperature special requirement.Therefore, new reinforcement technique is developed to improve the efficiency of gas-liquid phase transition process
It is the problem of people's general concern with reduction energy consumption.
Electric field can effectively change gas-liquid phase transition process, improve distillation efficiency, heat and mass transfer enhancement process.Saturated vapor
Pressure is important behaviour of the pressure during gas-liquid phase transition, is one of most basic physical parameter of liquid working substance, be Chemical Manufacture,
Important foundation data in scientific research, design process, the flow scheme design of many engineering process are close using the vapour pressure of working medium with it
It is related.Electric field has particularly important meaning by the influence to pressure in dielectrics systems for improving electric field-enhanced transmission efficiency
Justice.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems of technology of existing reinforcing gas-liquid phase transition process, the present invention proposes that one kind utilizes electrostatic
The method that saturated vapour pressure is reduced or increased in field, improves distillation efficiency, has achieveed the purpose that heat and mass transfer enhancement process.
The present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that to realize：A kind of side that saturated vapour pressure is reduced or increased using electrostatic field
Method, comprises the following steps：
S1, in the case of temperature-resistant, when need reduce gas-liquid two-phase balance system saturated vapour pressure when, by electrostatic
The parallel boundary for putting on gas-liquid two-phase balance system, or electrostatic field is applied only to the liquid of gas-liquid two-phase balance system
Alpha region；
S2, in the case of temperature-resistant, when need improve gas-liquid two-phase balance system saturated vapour pressure when, by electrostatic
Field is applied orthogonal to the boundary of gas-liquid two-phase balance system.
Preferably, the gas-liquid two-phase material of gas-liquid two-phase balance system is dielectric, such as water, ethanol, benzene or four chlorinations
Carbon etc., but it is not limited to these four materials.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have the advantages that：Electrostatic field can change the balance of dielectrics systems
Pressure, pressure reduces or increase is related with the action direction of electric field, size and the electric field strength and the dielectric of material of pressure change
Constant is related.It is the binary system of plane for boundary, when electrostatic field is when being oriented parallel to boundary, dielectric constant is larger
Phase pressure it is larger；When the direction of electric field is perpendicular to boundary, the pressure of the larger phase of dielectric constant is smaller.For gas-liquid
Biphase equilibrium system, when the action direction of electrostatic field is parallel to boundary, vapour pressure reduces；When the action direction of electrostatic field hangs down
Directly when boundary, vapour pressure rises；When electrostatic field only acts on liquid phase part, vapour pressure reduces.It is of the same race at identical temperature
The decreasing value of material vapour pressure is much larger than rising value.The present invention is by varying electrostatic field direction and the zone of action, to reach
The purpose of vapour pressure is reduced or increased, distillation efficiency is improved, enhances heat and mass transfer process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the electrostatic field applied is oriented parallel to gas-liquid two-phase interface；
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram of the electrostatic field direction perpendicular to gas-liquid two-phase interface of application；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the electrostatic field applied only acts upon liquid phase.
Embodiment
In order to be better understood from present disclosure, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to further instruction of the present invention,
But the scope of protection of present invention is not limited to this.
For the theoretical foundation of the present invention, method that saturated vapour pressure is reduced or increased using electrostatic field, including it is following
Step：
S1, when needing to reduce the saturated vapour pressure of gas-liquid two-phase balance system, put on gas-liquid two by electrostatic field is parallel
The boundary of equal balance system；
As shown in Figure 1, have gas-liquid two-phase balance system in container, and when two-phase reaches balance, the pressure p of liquid phaseLWith gas
Pressure p in phaseGBetween have relational expression
In formula (1), EtIt is electric field strength of the direction along two-phase interface, εLIt is the dielectric constant of liquid phase substance, εGIt is
The dielectric constant of gaseous substance, the permittivity ε in vacuum0=8.854 × 10-12F/m.If there is no electrostatic at identical temperature
Saturated vapour pressure during field action is p0, since liquid phase approximation is incompressible compared with gas phase, under electrostatic field in liquid phase
Pressure be still p0, then saturated vapour pressure at this time be：
The dielectric constant of liquid phase substance is more than the dielectric constant of gaseous substance, ε under normal conditionsL>εG, so there is p<p0.
That is under the action of the electrostatic field parallel to boundary, the saturated vapour pressure of biphase equilibrium system reduces.
S2, when need improve gas-liquid two-phase balance system saturated vapour pressure when, electrostatic field is applied orthogonal to gas-liquid two
The boundary of equal balance system；
As shown in Fig. 2, under the electrostatic field perpendicular to gas-liquid two-phase interface, when system reaches balance, liquid phase
Pressure pLWith the pressure p of gas phaseGBetween have following relational expression：
If vapour pressure during no electrostatic field is p0, the pressure under electrostatic field in liquid phase is still p0, gas phase
Pressure is：
Since the dielectric constant of liquid is more than the dielectric constant of gas, and both greater than 1, i.e. εL>εG>1, therefore have p>p0；
That is, under the electrostatic field perpendicular to boundary, the vapour pressure of balance system adds.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned steps S1 can also be realized with following steps：S3, when need reduce gas-liquid two-phase balance
During the saturated vapour pressure of system, electrostatic field is applied only to the liquid phase region of gas-liquid two-phase balance system；
As shown in figure 3, setting electrostatic field only acts on liquid phase region, have after system reaches balance：
Here it is electrostatic field at the liquid phase region of gas-liquid two-phase balance system caused pressure difference.Formula explanation,
pL＞ pG, that is, have electrostatic field region pressure be more than no electrostatic field region pressure.Liquid phase before and after electrostatic field
Pressure be all p0, then the vapour pressure under electrostatic field be：
When i.e. electrostatic field only acts on liquid phase, vapour pressure reduces.
In the present invention, the liquid phase substance of gas-liquid two-phase balance system can be any dielectric, as water, ethanol, benzene or
Carbon tetrachloride etc., separately below citing are described further.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment selects water to illustrate, and when temperature is 46 DEG C, the saturated vapour pressure of water is 10.10kPa.It is in size
106Under V/m electrostatic fields, when electric field is when being oriented parallel to gas-liquid interface, vapour pressure is 2.83kPa, is reduced
7.27kPa, reduces by 72.0%；When the direction of electric field is perpendicular to gas-liquid interface, vapour pressure adds 2.87Pa, increase
0.028%；When electric field only acts on liquid phase part, steam reduces 7.58kPa, reduces by 75.05%.
When temperature is 100 DEG C, the saturated vapour pressure of water is 101.42kPa.It is 10 in size6Under V/m electrostatic fields, when
When being oriented parallel to gas-liquid interface of electric field, vapour pressure are 96.99kPa, reduce 4.43kPa, reduce by 4.37%；When electric field
When direction is perpendicular to gas-liquid interface, vapour pressure adds 2.85Pa, adds 0.0028%；When electric field only acts on liquid phase part
When, steam reduces 4.67kPa, reduces by 4.6%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment selects ethanol to illustrate.
When temperature is 27.5 DEG C, the saturated vapour pressure of ethanol is 10kPa.It is 10 in size6Under V/m electrostatic fields, when
When being oriented parallel to gas-liquid interface of electric field, vapour pressure are 9.18kPa, reduce 0.82kPa, reduce by 8.2%；When the side of electric field
During to perpendicular to gas-liquid interface, vapour pressure adds 2.72Pa, increase by 0.027%；When electric field only acts on liquid phase part, steam
Gas reduces 0.923kPa, reduces by 9.23%.
When temperature is 78.0 DEG C, the saturated vapour pressure of ethanol is 100kPa.It is 10 in size6Under V/m electrostatic fields, when
When being oriented parallel to gas-liquid interface of electric field, vapour pressure are 99.47kPa, reduce 0.53kPa, reduce by 0.53%；When electric field
When direction is perpendicular to gas-liquid interface, vapour pressure adds 2.66Pa, adds 0.0027%；When electric field only acts on liquid phase part
When, steam reduces 0.62kPa, reduces by 0.62%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment selects carbon tetrachloride to illustrate.
When temperature is 15.8 DEG C, the saturated vapour pressure of carbon tetrachloride is 10kPa.It is 10 in size6V/m electrostatic fields
Under, when electric field is when being oriented parallel to gas-liquid interface, 2.31Pa is reduced, reduces by 0.023%；When the direction of electric field is perpendicular to gas
During liquid interface, vapour pressure adds 0.91Pa, increase by 0.0091%；When electric field only acts on liquid phase part, steam reduces
7.84Pa, reduces by 0.084%.
When temperature is 76.2 DEG C, the saturated vapour pressure of carbon tetrachloride is 100kPa.It is 10 in size6V/m electrostatic fields
Under, when electric field is when being oriented parallel to gas-liquid interface, 1.88Pa is reduced, reduces by 0.0019%；When electric field direction perpendicular to
During gas-liquid interface, vapour pressure adds 0.83Pa, adds 0.00083%；When electric field only acts on liquid phase part, steam drop
Low 6.89Pa, reduces by 0.0069%.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment selects benzene to illustrate.
When temperature is 23.7 DEG C, the saturated vapour pressure of benzene is 10kPa.It is 10 in size6Under V/m electrostatic fields, work as electricity
When being oriented parallel to gas-liquid interface of field, reduces 2.39Pa, reduces by 0.024%；When the direction of electric field is perpendicular to gas-liquid interface
When, vapour pressure adds 0.93Pa, increase by 0.0093%；When electric field only acts on liquid phase part, steam reduces 8.03Pa,
Reduce by 0.08%.
When temperature is 79.7 DEG C, the saturated vapour pressure of benzene is 100kPa.It is 10 in size6Under V/m electrostatic fields, work as electricity
When being oriented parallel to gas-liquid interface of field, vapour pressure reduce 2.02Pa, reduce by 0.002%；When the direction of electric field is perpendicular to gas
During liquid interface, vapour pressure adds 0.86Pa, adds 0.00086%；When electric field only acts on liquid phase part, steam reduces
7.20Pa, reduces by 0.0072%.
It was found from various embodiments above, the reduction or rise of vapour pressure are closely related with the action direction of electrostatic field, different
Action direction or the zone of action cause different results；Vapour pressure reduces or elevated size is decided by electric field strength and material
Dielectric constant；Under the same terms, the decreasing value of vapour pressure is much larger than value added.Various embodiments above has following rule：
(1) dielectric constant is bigger, and pressure change is more obvious；That is the dielectric constant of liquid dielectric is bigger, the reduction of pressure
Measure bigger or incrementss bigger；
(2) temperature is lower, and pressure change is more obvious；That is the equilibrium temperature of material is lower, the reduction amount bigger of pressure or
Incrementss bigger；
(3) pressure increase when pressure decreasing value of field parallel when boundary is much larger than electric field perpendicular to boundary
Value；
(4) when electric field only acts on liquid phase part, the effect that pressure reduces becomes apparent from.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention and from above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. method that saturated vapour pressure is reduced or increased using electrostatic field, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：S1, in the case of temperature-resistant, when need reduce gas-liquid two-phase balance system saturated vapour pressure when, electrostatic field is put down Row puts on the boundary of gas-liquid two-phase balance system, or electrostatic field is applied only to the liquid phase region of gas-liquid two-phase balance system Domain；S2, in the case of temperature-resistant, when need improve gas-liquid two-phase balance system saturated vapour pressure when, electrostatic field is hung down The straight boundary for putting on gas-liquid two-phase balance system.
- 2. the method according to claim 1 that saturated vapour pressure is reduced or increased using electrostatic field, it is characterised in that gas-liquid The material of biphase equilibrium system is dielectric.
- 3. the method according to claim 2 that saturated vapour pressure is reduced or increased using electrostatic field, it is characterised in that described Dielectric is water, ethanol, benzene or carbon tetrachloride.
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| CN201711273902.2A CN107982948B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Method for reducing or increasing saturated vapor pressure by using electrostatic field |
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| CN201711273902.2A CN107982948B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Method for reducing or increasing saturated vapor pressure by using electrostatic field |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110613945A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-27 | 华南理工大学 | Method for controlling saturated vapor pressure and boiling point by applying electrostatic fields in different directions |
| CN110906583A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-24 | 华南理工大学 | Novel refrigerating plant under electrostatic field effect |
| CN113198201A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-08-03 | 华南理工大学 | Method for changing distillation conditions of binary mixture system by using electrostatic field |
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| CN102274691A (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2011-12-14 | 天津工业大学 | Device and method for distilling membrane |
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| EP0258979A1 (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1988-03-09 | Albers, Walter Frank | Apparatus for simultaneous heat and mass transfer |
| CN102274691A (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2011-12-14 | 天津工业大学 | Device and method for distilling membrane |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110613945A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-27 | 华南理工大学 | Method for controlling saturated vapor pressure and boiling point by applying electrostatic fields in different directions |
| CN110613945B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-11-19 | 华南理工大学 | Method for controlling saturated vapor pressure and boiling point by applying electrostatic fields in different directions |
| CN110906583A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-24 | 华南理工大学 | Novel refrigerating plant under electrostatic field effect |
| CN113198201A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-08-03 | 华南理工大学 | Method for changing distillation conditions of binary mixture system by using electrostatic field |
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