CN107978195A - A kind of lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system based on Virtual Reality Platform - Google Patents
A kind of lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system based on Virtual Reality Platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN107978195A CN107978195A CN201711476102.0A CN201711476102A CN107978195A CN 107978195 A CN107978195 A CN 107978195A CN 201711476102 A CN201711476102 A CN 201711476102A CN 107978195 A CN107978195 A CN 107978195A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T19/00—Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
- G06T19/006—Mixed reality
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B5/00—Electrically-operated educational appliances
- G09B5/02—Electrically-operated educational appliances with visual presentation of the material to be studied, e.g. using film strip
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system based on Virtual Reality Platform, including：For provide CT scan/MRI image data import unit of patient's CT scan image and patient information, CT scan/MRI image reconstruction unit for establishing threedimensional model, provide virtual reality environments show virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus, offer reality environment operation information operation handle and virtual reality processing unit；The virtual reality processing unit includes：For providing with the VR environment units of the virtual environment of actual surgery environments match, for providing the VR surgical operation units to the VR voice recognition units of operating personnel's speech recognition and for performing surgical procedure.A kind of lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system based on Virtual Reality Platform proposed by the present invention, solves the problems, such as shortage of resources in experimental teaching, strengthens the sense of reality of training of doctors, reduces training cost, and is conducive to doctor's summing up experience, avoids doctor-patient dispute.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to neurosurgery assisted teaching system, and in particular to a kind of side brain based on Virtual Reality Platform
Room puncturing operation training system.
Background technology
Telocoele or so respectively has one, is the maximum in ventricular system, in cerebral hemisphere borrow foramen of Monro with it is narrow
3rd ventricles of the brain are connected.Telocoele operation is mainly used for：1. because hydrocephalus causes the patient of serious increased intracranial pressure, the state of an illness is endangered again
When hernia cerebri or stupor even occurs, first using ventricular puncture and drainage, as urgent decompression emergency measures, controlled for further inspection
Treatment creates conditions.2. there is the patient of bleeding in the ventricles of the brain, puncture drainage blood contained cerebrospinal fluid can mitigate ventricles of the brain reaction and prevent ventricles of the brain system
System obstruction.3. Encephalocele is conducive to improve appearing for field of operation, often punctures telocoele, drainage of cerebrospinal fluid to reduce intracranial pressure.
It is postoperative especially postoperative to release reactive intracranial hypertension in fossa cranii posterior, also commonly use lateral ventricular external drainage.Lateral cerebral ventricle puncture is performed the operation
Neurosurgery important step, is the basic skills that neurosurgeon must skillfully grasp.Worn in lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operation
Thorn point location determination and direction are determined with doctors experience and feel entirely, and lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operation disposable puncture success rate
The reason for can only achieve 40%-60%, and easily causing postoperative complications in lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operation：Puncture or place and draw
During flow tube, action is inappropriate to be caused to damage choroid plexus or cerebrovascular wall；Ventricular drainage is too fast, the blood vessel of ventricles of the brain wall and choroid plexus meeting
Generation oozing of blood, causes blood contained cerebrospinal fluid.Understand according to investigations, following present situation clinically still occur in neurosurgery：
Present situation one, can be abundant only in clinical probation for the less medico of experience in limited learning time
Understand and master knowwhy and with instances.It is but busy since clinic counselor is held a concurrent post by clinician
Work may cause it is not in place in clinic.For the training of enforcement surgery feel, China is at present for medico's training
Corpse cannot directly be provided in each medico, meanwhile, the source of corpse and preservation are costly.
Present situation two, doctor-patient relationship growing tension, medical tangle is continuous, and doctor is needed according to patient before carrying out neurosurgery
Information carries out formulation operation plan, and the judgement for knub position is largely dependent on patient's experience.So that for small
Tumour and labyrinth tumour are difficult to accurate judgement, can largely increase operation risk at this time.
In addition, virtual reality technology is a high-end technology across multiple ambits of rising in recent years, it is possible to achieve
Interaction between people and computer and the visualized operation to complex data.Most important feature is feeling of immersion and faces border sense；Can
So that operator temporarily isolates with actual environment.Virtual reality technology has started to be widely used in medical domain at present, in nerve
Surgery, VR technologies are the utilization in terms of virtual ventriculoscope and cerebrovascular reconstruction earliest.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system based on Virtual Reality Platform, with gram
Take defect existing in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：A kind of lateral cerebral ventricle puncture hand based on Virtual Reality Platform
Art training system, including：CT scan/MRI image data for providing patient's CT scan image and patient information imports single
Member, CT scan/MRI image reconstruction unit for establishing threedimensional model, provide the virtual reality head that virtual reality environments are shown
Wear formula display device, the operation handle and virtual reality processing unit of reality environment operation information are provided；It is described virtual
Real processing unit includes：For providing with the VR environment units of the virtual environment of actual surgery environments match, for offer pair
The VR voice recognition units of operating personnel's speech recognition and the VR surgical operation units for performing surgical procedure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the CT scan/MRI image reconstruction unit is according to the preoperative iconography data of patient,
By Mimics and 3-matic softwares, corresponding threedimensional model is established, and color subregion is carried out to different tissues structure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the VR surgical operation units include：Cut off analog module, hemostasis module, institutional framework
Show hidden module, measurement display module, force feedback module, interactive module and operation risk evaluation module.
In an embodiment of the present invention, operating personnel carry out operative training operation as follows：
Step S1：Corresponding surgical environments, operating theater instruments and CT scan information, operator are provided by the VR environment units
Member selects corresponding type of surgery by the operation handle, by the virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus by surgical rings
Border, operating theater instruments and CT scan information are presented to operating personnel；
Step S2：The efficient voice information that operating personnel input is identified by the VR voice recognition units, and is passed through
Scalp anchor point after the measurement display module display identification；
Step S3：Operating personnel select corresponding operating theater instruments, wardrobe skin cutting operation of going forward side by side by the operation handle；It is described
The signal that virtual reality processing unit is provided according to the operation handle, scalp cutting behaviour is performed by the excision analog module
Make, and hidden module progress scalp is shown by the institutional framework and is shown with hiding；
Step S4：Operating personnel select corresponding operating theater instruments by the operation handle, and carry out drilling and take skull to operate；Institute
The signal that virtual reality processing unit is provided according to the operation handle is stated, performing drilling by the excision analog module takes cranium
Bone operates, and provides vibration signal to the operation handle, the operation handle by the feedback module and pass through vibrational feedback
Drilling operation process；
Step S5：Operating personnel select corresponding operating theater instruments by the operation handle, and carry out lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operation；Institute
The signal that virtual reality processing unit is provided according to the operation handle is stated, performing telocoele by the excision analog module wears
Thorn；
Step S6：If puncturing successfully, show that blood flows out by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus, and show intracranial pressure number
Value；If puncture failure, the interactive module provide it is corresponding puncture apart from advisory information, and operating personnel are by operation handle,
Show hidden module through the institutional framework, control scalp, skull, brain tissue it is aobvious hidden, check this point of puncture position and actual bit
Gap between putting, to correct puncture position judgement；
Step S7：After completing lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operation, the operation risk evaluation module is each according to the operating personnel recorded
Step operation, is compared with preset standard data in system, and provides assessment result.
Compared to the prior art, the invention has the advantages that：One kind proposed by the present invention is put down based on virtual reality
The lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system of platform, by 3D model foundations, VR interactive modules judge surgical target and start-up
Using operating theater instruments situation, processor provides tutorial message by processing and corrects information, not only solves to provide in experimental teaching
Source shortage problem, strengthens the sense of reality of training of doctors, substantially reduces the risk of unskilled persons practice operation, reduces training
Cost, and be conducive to doctor's summing up experience, avoid doctor-patient dispute.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system framework figure of the lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system of the invention based on virtual reality technology.
Fig. 2 is the lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system operation procedure chart of the invention based on virtual reality technology.
Lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system the present embodiment surface chart of Fig. 3 present invention based on virtual reality technology.
Fig. 4 is that the lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system of the invention based on virtual reality technology punctures successfully interface.
Fig. 5 is the lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system puncture failure interface of the invention based on virtual reality technology.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme is specifically described.
The present invention proposes a kind of lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system based on Virtual Reality Platform, as shown in Figure 1, bag
Include：For providing CT scan/MRI image data import unit of patient's CT scan image and patient information, for establishing three
The CT scan of dimension module/MRI image reconstruction unit, provide virtual reality environments show virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus,
The operation handle and virtual reality processing unit of reality environment operation information are provided；Virtual reality processing unit includes：
For providing with the VR environment units of the virtual environment of actual surgery environments match, for providing to operating personnel's speech recognition
VR voice recognition units and the VR surgical operation units for performing surgical procedure.
Further, in the present embodiment, CT scan image and patient information further include the figure such as CTA/CTV images, MRI
As data.Before being operated, patient's CT scan is obtained by CT scan/MRI image data import unit（CTA, CTV
Image）, the data such as MRI.
Further, in the present embodiment, CT scan/MRI image reconstruction unit leads to according to the preoperative iconography data of patient
Mimics and 3-matic softwares are crossed, establish corresponding threedimensional model, and color subregion, such as brain are carried out to different tissues structure
Tissue, the cerebrovascular, lesion stove etc..After three-dimension modeling is completed, which is imported into unity operation patients resources
Storehouse.
Further, in the present embodiment, VR environment units are realized and truly reduced with actual surgery environment, including hand
Audio effect, environment light, operation light etc., realize surgical environments authenticity during art instrumentation
Further, in the present embodiment, VR voice recognition units are positioned by phonetic entry, by speech recognition software with
Unity engines combine, and realize that user inputs efficient voice information, picture can show corresponding operating.
Further, in the present embodiment, VR surgical operation units include：Excision analog module, hemostasis module, institutional framework are shown
Hidden module, measurement display module, force feedback module, interactive module and operation risk evaluation module.
In the present embodiment, excision analog module be central processing unit according to start-up's operation handle in surgical procedure
The processing of middle anatomical path.Institutional framework shows that hidden module is shown and hidden parts functional areas make start-up more preferably judge that operation is
It is no correct, including：Show hidden skin, aobvious hidden incision of scalp, the hidden bone of display, aobvious hidden bone flap, aobvious hidden brain tissue, aobvious Saphenous vessles and show
Hidden telocoele etc..Measurement display module is to judge that start-up's operating process accuracy judges.Interactive module is trainer
Member being capable of real-time reception feedback information and tutorial message in training process.Operation risk evaluation module is start-up in hand
After art no matter success or not, system will provide corresponding opinion can be for reference.
Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, operating personnel carry out operative training operation as follows：
Step S1：By virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus VR environment units provide corresponding surgical environments, operating theater instruments with
And CT scan information, operating personnel select corresponding type of surgery by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus operation handle, lead to
Virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus is crossed to believe surgical environments, operating theater instruments and CT scan
Breath is presented to operating personnel；
Step S2：The efficient voice inputted by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus VR voice recognition units to operating personnel is believed
Breath is identified, and measures the scalp anchor point after display module display identification by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus；
Step S3：Operating personnel select corresponding operating theater instruments by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus operation handle, go forward side by side
Wardrobe skin cutting operation；Virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus virtual reality processing unit is shown according to virtual reality wear-type to be set
The signal that standby operation handle provides, cuts off analog module by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus and performs scalp cutting operation,
And hidden module progress scalp is shown by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus institutional framework and is shown with hiding；
Step S4：Operating personnel select corresponding operating theater instruments by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus operation handle, go forward side by side
Row drilling takes skull to operate；Virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus virtual reality processing unit is shown according to virtual reality wear-type
The signal that equipment operation handle provides, cuts off analog module execution drilling by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus and takes skull to grasp
Make, and provide vibration signal to virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus feedback module and grasp
Make handle, virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus operation handle passes through vibrational feedback drilling operation process；
Step S5：Operating personnel select corresponding operating theater instruments by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus operation handle, go forward side by side
Row lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operates；Virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus virtual reality processing unit is shown according to virtual reality wear-type
The signal that equipment operation handle provides, cuts off analog module by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus and performs lateral cerebral ventricle puncture；
Step S6：If puncturing successfully, show that blood flows out by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus, and show intracranial pressure number
Value；If puncture failure, virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus interactive module provides corresponding puncture apart from advisory information, and operation
Personnel show hidden module, control scalp, skull, brain group by operation handle through virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus institutional framework
That knits is aobvious hidden, checks gap between this point of puncture position and physical location, to correct puncture position judgement；
Step S7：After completing lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operation, virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus operation risk evaluation module is according to institute
The each step operation of operating personnel of record, is compared, and provide assessment result with preset standard data in system.
In order to allow those skilled in the art to further appreciate that technical solution proposed by the invention, with reference to specific implementation
Example illustrates.
As shown in figure 3, in lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system provided in this embodiment, hardware device includes putting down based on VR
Virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus, handle, processor and the locator of platform, software systems include the void for being equipped on processor
Intend real processing unit.Operating personnel wear virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus, and enter system, you can see virtual ring
Border Scene display interface, operating personnel select respective selection according to demand.
Operating personnel select type of surgery by operation handle, and operation handle sends signal to processor immediately, that is, enters
Surgical environments.Virtual environment shows sick bed, patient and corresponding operating theater instruments.Start-up sees that patient's CT scan is believed at this time
Breath, according to CT data, with reference to existing knowledge and experience, judges surgical procedure.
Operating personnel carry out lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operation in accordance with the following steps：
1. operating personnel select corresponding operating theater instruments, i.e. scalpel by operation handle, puncturing operation is carried out, according to operating personnel
Knowwhy judges the position of point of puncture, and in the present embodiment, common method enters method for volume.
2. operating personnel utilize phonetic entry：On hairline, 2.5cm is opened by center line, direction is parallel with sagittal plane, outside alignment two
Duct line, processor are changed according to phonetic entry, occur corresponding operating result on the display face immediately.Scalp has positioned
Into can scalp cutting carry out next step operation.During scalp cutting, scalp is operated by virtual reality device,
Scalp is carried out to show with hiding.
3. drilling through skull, operating personnel are drilled using electric drill in skull respective point, and system makes behaviour using force feedback at this time
Make handle and produce vibratory sensation to judge the success or not that drills.Next step operation can be carried out by removing skull.
4. operating personnel carry out lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operation.
6. pass through unity engine lateral cerebral ventricle puncture the results shows.If as shown in figure 4, puncturing successfully, that is, there is blood stream
Go out, and show intracranial pressure numerical value；If as shown in figure 5, puncture failure, system gives accordingly puncturing distance suggestion, at this time trainer
The operable handle of member shows hidden and shows scalp, skull, brain tissue, checks gap between this point of puncture position and physical location, to rectify
Positive puncture position judges.It can repeat to reach and skillfully judge puncture position.Processor will record start-up in whole process
Each step operation, is compared with existing standard in system and scores and provide corresponding opinion.
Above is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all changes made according to technical solution of the present invention, caused function are made
During with scope without departing from technical solution of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is belonged to.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system based on Virtual Reality Platform, it is characterised in that including：For providing disease The CT scan of people's CT scan image and patient information/MRI image data import unit, sweep for establishing the CT of threedimensional model Retouch/MRI image reconstruction unit, provide virtual reality environments show virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus, offer virtual reality The operation handle and virtual reality processing unit of environmental operations information；The virtual reality processing unit includes：For providing VR environment units with the virtual environment of actual surgery environments match, the VR voices for providing to operating personnel's speech recognition are known Other unit and the VR surgical operation units for performing surgical procedure.
- 2. a kind of lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system based on Virtual Reality Platform according to claim 1, its feature It is, the CT scan/MRI image reconstruction unit is soft by Mimics and 3-matic according to the preoperative iconography data of patient Part, establishes corresponding threedimensional model, and carries out color subregion to different tissues structure.
- 3. a kind of lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system based on Virtual Reality Platform according to claim 1, its feature It is, the VR surgical operation units include：Excision analog module, hemostasis module, institutional framework show hidden module, measurement display module, Force feedback module, interactive module and operation risk evaluation module.
- 4. a kind of lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operative training system based on Virtual Reality Platform according to claim 3, its feature It is, operating personnel carry out operative training operation as follows：Step S1：Corresponding surgical environments, operating theater instruments and CT scan information, operator are provided by the VR environment units Member selects corresponding type of surgery by the operation handle, by the virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus by surgical rings Border, operating theater instruments and CT scan information are presented to operating personnel；Step S2：The efficient voice information that operating personnel input is identified by the VR voice recognition units, and is passed through Scalp anchor point after the measurement display module display identification；Step S3：Operating personnel select corresponding operating theater instruments, wardrobe skin cutting operation of going forward side by side by the operation handle；It is described The signal that virtual reality processing unit is provided according to the operation handle, scalp cutting behaviour is performed by the excision analog module Make, and hidden module progress scalp is shown by the institutional framework and is shown with hiding；Step S4：Operating personnel select corresponding operating theater instruments by the operation handle, and carry out drilling and take skull to operate；Institute The signal that virtual reality processing unit is provided according to the operation handle is stated, performing drilling by the excision analog module takes cranium Bone operates, and provides vibration signal to the operation handle, the operation handle by the feedback module and pass through vibrational feedback Drilling operation process；Step S5：Operating personnel select corresponding operating theater instruments by the operation handle, and carry out lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operation；Institute The signal that virtual reality processing unit is provided according to the operation handle is stated, performing telocoele by the excision analog module wears Thorn；Step S6：If puncturing successfully, show that blood flows out by virtual reality head-mounted display apparatus, and show intracranial pressure number Value；If puncture failure, the interactive module provide it is corresponding puncture apart from advisory information, and operating personnel are by operation handle, Show hidden module through the institutional framework, control scalp, skull, brain tissue it is aobvious hidden, check this point of puncture position and actual bit Gap between putting, to correct puncture position judgement；Step S7：After completing lateral cerebral ventricle puncture operation, the operation risk evaluation module is each according to the operating personnel recorded Step operation, is compared with preset standard data in system, and provides assessment result.
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