CN107977518A - A kind of multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design - Google Patents
A kind of multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design is as follows:(1) according to index request, applying working condition and mounting condition, the emulation of servomotor electromagnetism, static numerical simulation and parameter needed for hot simulation analysis are provided;(2) geometric configuration software is utilized, completes the size renewal of the Servomotor shells based on parameterized model, stator, rotor and armature spindle;(3) recording function to electromagnetism simulation software, hot simulation software and static numerical simulation software scripts is passed through, with keyword in script and the basis of characterization of affiliated ranks number, realize the automatic replacement of simulation parameter, and then complete electromagnetism, heat and static numerical simulation automation, so as to obtain torque of the motor under rated speed, counter electromotive force, the ess-strain cloud atlas of housing and armature spindle, the Temperature Distribution cloud atlas of servomotor.The present invention incorporates the multidisciplinary simulation flow of servomotor design, is extracted parameter needed for simulation analysis, realizes the automation of servomotor total digitalization Performance Prediction, effectively reduce the repetitive operation in servomotor design process, engineering practicability is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to servomotor simulation technical field, is a kind of servomotor based on multidisciplinary associative simulation technology
Digital performance rapid Estimation method.
Background technology
The multidisciplinary associative simulation research both at home and abroad to servomotor possesses certain basis at present, in ANSYS companies
After having purchased Ansoft companies, the Workbench platforms based on ANSYS softwares, utilize Electromagnetic Simulation module both at home and abroad
Maxwell and machine emulated module Mechanics realize servomotor electromagnetism, heat and static associative simulation substantially.But
It is clearly disadvantageous to be that this method has:On the one hand, the servomotor model established using ANSYS/Maxwell modules, it is solution
The certainly Electromagnetic Simulation problem of servomotor, the threedimensional model of generation only have the 3-D geometric model of stator and rotor;And in order to obtain
Accurate heat analysis as a result, the hot simulation analysis of motor need to servomotor complete machine carry out heat dispersal situations analysis, i.e., except
Outside the geometrical model of stator and rotor, it is also necessary to the geometrical model of the component such as electric machine casing, armature spindle, bearing, copper wire winding;Separately
On the one hand, when investigating servomotor stress deformation situation and life forecast, the stator and rotor of motor are all non-bearings
Component, when carrying out statics Analysis in order to avoid non-bearing component takes substantial amounts of computing resource, generally requires to carry out it
Simplify processing, can not be directly using the stator and rotor geometrical model of Maxwell generations, the groove body part especially in stator is being drawn
When subnetting lattice carry out Finite Element Simulation Analysis, it is easy to cause unusual or diverging, cause emulation to fail.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that it is:Electromagnetism, heat and the static(al) that the present invention is related to for servomotor performance verification
Learn the different situations different with required model fineness of model needed for emulation, it is proposed that a kind of more for servomotor design
Section's joint simulation method.To solve the problems, such as that different subject simulation analysis demands are different in servomotor design, realize servo electricity
The digital virtual experimental performance fast prediction of machine multiple performance index.
The technical solution that the present invention solves is:A kind of multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design, step
It is as follows:
(1) according to the torque of servomotor and velocity envolop curve and installation space size, determine servo motor stator and
The electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of rotor;
(2) stressing conditions in fortune and the course of work and the definite servo motor stator of step (1) are deposited according to servomotor
With the electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of rotor, servomotor static numerical simulation analytical parameters are determined;
(3) according to servo motor stator, rotor, housing, armature spindle component materials attribute list, determine the heat of servomotor
Characteristic Simulation parameter;
(4) according to step (1) servo motor stator and the electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of rotor, servomotor electromagnetism is carried out
Finite element simulation is learned, obtains torque of the servomotor under rated speed, counter electromotive force;
(5) whether the torque of judgment step (4) acquisition, counter electromotive force are satisfied by step (1) torque and velocity envolop curve
Requirement, if meet if carry out step (6), otherwise return to step (1) reset motor stator, the electromagnetism of rotor imitate
True parameter;
(6) according to the servo of the servo motor stator of step (1) and the electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter and step (2) of rotor
The static numerical simulation analytical parameters of electric machine casing and armature spindle, establish the geometric configuration of servomotor;
(7) Servomotor shells and the static numerical simulation analytical parameters and step (6) of armature spindle determined according to step (2)
The geometric configuration of servomotor is established, statics finite element simulation is carried out to Servomotor shells and armature spindle, obtains servo electricity
The statics load characteristic of machine, including housing and armature spindle the ess-strain cloud atlas in the case of the tension and compression by maximum load capacity;
(8) whether the housing or armature spindle ess-strain cloud atlas that judgment step (7) obtains are beyond desired limit stress
Situation, if it was exceeded, return to step (2) resets the static numerical simulation parameter of housing or armature spindle, if without departing from,
Carry out step (11);
(9) while step (7) carries out, the thermal characteristics simulation parameter and step of servomotor are determined according to step (3)
(6) geometric configuration established, carries out the emulation finite element analysis of servomotor thermal characteristics, obtains the thermal protection characteristic of servomotor,
Heat distribution cloud atlas including servomotor;
(10) stator of servomotor, rotor, housing and turn in the servomotor heat distribution cloud atlas that judgment step (9) obtains
Whether the maximum temperature of sub- axis has exceeded limiting temperature, if exceeded more than one of, return to step (3) is to more than pole
The material for limiting the component of temperature is replaced, if material can not be replaced, return to step (1), redefines servo motor stator
With the electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of rotor;If step (11) is carried out without departing from limiting temperature;
(11) by meet servomotor electromagnetism power producing characteristics, thermal protection characteristic, statics load characteristic servomotor
The electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of stator and rotor, housing and armature spindle static numerical simulation analytical parameters, determine servomotor
Thermal characteristics simulation parameter record the designing scheme to form servomotor and be stored in database.
Installation space size, including:Length and width and height, i.e. a rectangular space, the table in three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system O-XYZ
Show, long and width is respectively positioned on OXY planes, high along Z axis positive direction;
The electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of servo motor stator and rotor, including:Define servo motor stator and rotor is several
What geometric parameter of shape and emulation arrange parameter of electromagnetism finite element simulation, stator geometric parameter include:Stator outer diameter, determine
Sub- internal diameter, stator length, the groove depth of stator, the slot bottom of stator are wide, stator groove flaring is wide, stator groove flaring is deep, stator
Slot opening, the notch of stator are deep, the groove chamfer radius of stator;Rotor geometric parameter includes:Rotor diameter, rotor internal diameter, rotor
Length, permanent magnetism body thickness;The emulation arrange parameter of electromagnetism finite element simulation includes:The material of stator, the material of rotor, servo
Motor speed, the expression formula of three-phase current, simulation step length and simulation time.
Stator geometric parameter determines that step is as follows:
The axial direction that Z-direction is servomotor is defined, stator length L can determine that according to the height of bulkef, it is fixed
Sub- internal diameter DilObtained by equation below:
In formula, Te, can be from torque with being obtained on velocity envolop curve for the electromagnetic torque of servomotor, unit Nm,
Bδ1It is air gap flux density fundamental voltage amplitude, unit T, value range 0.95-1.05T;A is stator electric load virtual value, and unit is
A/cm, value range 150-700A/cm;
Through that can be determined according to the length and wide smaller of bulk outside stator, in the Preliminary design of servomotor, groove
Bottom width Bs2Value can be determined by following formula;
Bs2=2 π * Dil/S
In formula, S is slot number, and value is the positive integer more than 4;Groove flaring width Bs1Can be the wide Bs of slot bottom in initial assignment2
0.25 times, groove depth be less than stator outside through and diameter of stator bore difference, remaining parameter include groove flaring depth, slot opening, notch deeply,
Groove chamfer radius then can on the premise of craftsmanship and geometric topo-relationship is ensured any assignment.
The rotor geometric parameter determination process requires:Rotor length is equal with stator length, and permanent magnetism body thickness is not
It can exceed that diameter of stator bore.
The electromagnetism finite element simulation parameter determination is as follows:
The stator and rotor material can be obtained from the selection handbook of servomotor manufacturer;
The expression formula of three-phase current, including amplitude I, frequency f and tri- variables of phase angle φ;
In formula, subscript i represents A, B, C three-phase;
According to torque and velocity envolop curve and law of conservation of energy, in the situation of the supply voltage of given servomotor
Under, the amplitude of three-phase current can be obtained by equation below:
I=T ω/U
In formula, U is voltage, and T is torque, and ω is rotating speed;
The frequency of three-phase current can be obtained by equation below:
F=np/60
In formula, n is rotating speed, and unit is revolutions per minute, and p is the half of level logarithm, i.e. electromagnetism series;
The phase angle difference of three-phase current between any two is generally 120 ゜, and thus the expression formula of three-phase current can be expressed as
IA=I sin (ft)
IB=I sin (ft+ π/3)
IC=I sin (ft+2 π/3)
Servomotor rotating speed, is torque and the speed of each operating point of velocity envolop curve, and electromagnetic finite member is imitative
True time general value isElectromagnetic finite member simulation step length
The expression formula of three-phase current is:
Ii=I sin (ft+ φ)
In formula, subscript i represents A, B, C three-phase, and I is amplitude, f is frequency, φ is phase angle;
Servomotor static numerical simulation parameter for the main load part case of servomotor and armature spindle geometric parameter and
The geometric parameter of static numerical simulation arrange parameter, housing and armature spindle includes:The length and wall thickness of electric machine casing, armature spindle
Parameter include the diameter and length of motor shaft;Static numerical simulation arrange parameter includes:The Young's modulus and Poisson of case material
Than, the stationary plane of housing and the size of force surface and force, the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of armature spindle, the stationary plane of armature spindle
With force surface and the size of force.
The geometric parameter determination process of housing and armature spindle is as follows:It is the length and width of electric machine casing, high with wall thickness and be less than
Installation space size is simultaneously more than servo motor stator size;The diameter of rotor axis of electric is less than rotor internal diameter, the length of armature spindle
Degree is equal to the sum of stator length and connector length, and the length of connector is consulted the production of connector production firm by maximum load capacity
Obtained in product handbook.
Static numerical simulation arrange parameter determination process is as follows:The Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of housing and rotor shaft material can be by
Obtained in the product manual of production firm, the stationary plane of housing is the bottom of housing, and to be bolted place, force is stress surface
Maximum load capacity needed for design of electrical motor;The stationary plane of armature spindle is the contact surface with rotor, and the stress surface of armature spindle is with connecting
The contact surface of fitting, force size are the maximum moment of torque and velocity envolop curve.
The hot simulation parameter of servomotor includes:Servomotor shells, stator, thermal conductivity coefficient and the surface of rotor and armature spindle
Emissivity, initial environment temperature and simulation time;- 40~60 degrees Celsius of initial environment temperature value, simulation time are watched
The working time of motor is taken, thermal conductivity coefficient and slin emissivity can be obtained from the product material handbook of motor production firm.
The present invention compared with prior art the advantages of be:
(1) the servomotor emulation mode that the present invention provides covers the conventional performance index of servomotor design
Totally digitilized simulation and prediction;
(2) multidisciplinary joint simulation method proposed by the present invention realizes servomotor electromagnetism, heat and static numerical simulation
Parameter shares;
(3) specific implementation step of servomotor joint simulation method proposed by the present invention realizes design of electrical motor emulation point
The minimum of analysis is done over again;
(4) servomotor joint simulation method proposed by the present invention realizes the emulation of design of electrical motor heat and static numerical simulation
Concurrent operation, improves simulation efficiency;
(5) present invention realizes electromagnetism, heat and the method for static numerical simulation automation of servomotor by script file
Suitable for possessing all professional simulation softwares of script recording function.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the multidisciplinary joint simulation method flow chart of servomotor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is servomotor diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is torque of the present invention and rotating speed envelope curve schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is stator slot parameter setting schematic diagram of the present invention;
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the multidisciplinary joint simulation method of the servomotor design of the present invention concretely comprises the following steps:Basis first
Design objective, including torque and velocity envolop curve, stress and temperature conditions in fortune and the course of work are deposited, carry out servomotor
Parameter designing, being related to parameter includes servomotor Electromagnetic Simulation parameter, servomotor static numerical simulation parameter and servomotor heat
Simulation parameter;Secondly electromagnetism Finite Element Simulation Analysis is carried out according to servomotor electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter, obtains torque
With back emf curve to torque gradient and rate curve, whether the output for analyzing motor under each speed conditions meets the requirements, if
It is unsatisfactory for, returns to modification servomotor electromagnetism simulation parameter, if meets to carry out in next step;3rd, extracted from database
Servomotor shells, stator, the benchmark geometrical model of rotor and armature spindle, the complete foundation of geometric dimensions of its benchmark geometrical model
The geometric parameter included in servomotor electromagnetism simulation parameter and servomotor static numerical simulation parameter creates, and opens geometry structure
Type software is called by script and achieved that based on servomotor electromagnetism simulation parameter and servomotor static numerical simulation parameter
Servomotor shells, stator, rotor and armature spindle geometrical model reconstruct;4th, according to the hot simulation parameter of servomotor
Electric machine casing, stator, rotor and rotor shaft model with foundation carry out thermal characteristics simulation analysis, while according to the shell of servomotor
The static numerical simulation parameter of the geometrical model and servomotor of body and armature spindle carries out static numerical simulation analysis;5th, judge heat
Servomotor shells in the Temperature Distribution cloud atlas that Simulation Analysis obtains, stator, rotor and armature spindle maximum temperature whether
Limiting temperature is exceeded, has judged whether the ess-strain cloud atlas that static numerical simulation is analyzed has exceeded the load limit, if super
Cross, return to geometric parameter and static numerical simulation parameter again to stator in the electromagnetism simulation parameter of servomotor and rotor
Modify with hot simulation parameter, servomotor electromagnetism, statics and the hot simulation parameter that can have been carried if meeting
Definite a set of motor scheme for meeting index request, preserves motor scheme deposit model library, is the sample of subsequent servo motor
Machine design provides simulation model and refers to and performance verification support.
Preferred embodiment 1 is:
By taking the design of three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as an example, wherein three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is inner rotor core, power supply electricity
It is 8 grade of 9 slot structure to press as 96V, permanent magnet synchronous motor.It is formed and connection mode is as shown in Fig. 2, Servomotor shells are most
One rectangle shell structure in outside, the protection to external forces is provided for whole servomotor;Enclosure interior is servomotor
Stator, circularize column, dig has groove thereon, and can arrange copper wire winding be connected with three phase mains in groove, is that servo is electric
Machine provides electric energy;Stator interior is the rotor of servomotor, and rotor is also circular cylindrical body, comprising permanent magnet is servo on rotor
Motor provides constant magnetic field;Internal rotor is armature spindle, is fixedly connected with the rotor, the mechanical energy that motor is converted into by electric energy
Output.
(1) according to the torque of servomotor and velocity envolop curve and installation space size, determine servo motor stator and
The electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of rotor;
As shown in figure 3, it is torque of the present invention and rotating speed envelope curve, the abscissa of the curve is servomotor
Torque, the ordinate of the curve are the rotating speed of servomotor, each solid dot is to represent a kind of operating mode for needing to meet in figure
The output of point, i.e. servomotor under the rotating speed is greater than or the torque equal to the corresponding abscissa of point, limiting condition are had time
Carry and two kinds of situations of stall, motor is contributed maximum for zero-turn speed when unloaded, and motor output maximum (top) speed goes to zero during stall.
Installation space size, including:Length and width and height, i.e. a rectangular space, represent in three-dimensional system of coordinate 0XYZ, long
OXY planes are respectively positioned on width, it is high along Z axis positive direction.
The electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of servo motor stator and rotor, including:Define servo motor stator and rotor is several
What geometric parameter of shape and emulation arrange parameter of electromagnetism finite element simulation.Stator geometric parameter includes:Stator outer diameter, determine
Sub- internal diameter, stator length, the groove depth of stator, the slot bottom of stator are wide, stator groove flaring is wide, stator groove flaring is deep, stator
Slot opening, the notch of stator are deep, the groove chamfer radius of stator;Rotor geometric parameter includes:Rotor diameter, rotor internal diameter, rotor
Length, permanent magnetism body thickness.The emulation arrange parameter of electromagnetism finite element simulation includes:The material of stator, the material of rotor, servo
Motor speed, the expression formula of three-phase current, simulation step length and simulation time.
As shown in figure 4, groove is located on stator, groove depth of its geometric configuration size including stator, the slot bottom of stator are wide, stator
The parameter such as groove flaring is wide, the groove chamfer radius of groove flaring depth of stator, the notch depth of the slot opening of stator, stator, stator.
The detailed process following steps that stator geometric parameter determines:
1) axial direction that Z-direction is servomotor is defined, stator length L can determine that according to the height of bulkef,
Diameter of stator bore DilIt can be obtained by equation below:
In formula, Te, can be from torque with being obtained on velocity envolop curve for the electromagnetic torque of servomotor, unit Nm,
Bδ1It is air gap flux density fundamental voltage amplitude, unit T, value range 0.95-1.05T;A is stator electric load virtual value, and unit is
A/cm, value range 150-700A/cm.
2) through that can be determined according to the length and wide smaller of bulk outside stator, in the Preliminary design of servomotor,
The wide Bs of slot bottom2Value can be determined by following formula
Bs2=2 π * Dil/S
3) groove flaring width Bs1Can be the wide Bs of slot bottom in initial assignment20.25 times, groove depth be less than stator outside pass through and stator
The difference of internal diameter, remaining parameter include groove flaring depth, slot opening, notch depth, groove chamfer radius then can ensure craftsmanship and
Any assignment on the premise of geometric topo-relationship.
The determination process of rotor geometric parameter is:
Rotor length is equal with stator length, and permanent magnetism body thickness is no more than diameter of stator bore.
Servomotor electromagnetism finite element simulation arrange parameter is defined below:
Rotor material and stator material can be screened from the selection handbook of servomotor manufacturer, rotating speed, that is, torque with
The ordinate of solid dot in velocity envolop curve, the expression formula of three-phase current, including amplitude I, frequency f and tri- changes of phase angle φ
Amount, can be represented with following formula:
Ii=I sin (ft+ φ)
In formula, subscript i represents A, B, C three-phase.
According to torque and velocity envolop curve and law of conservation of energy, in the situation of the supply voltage of given servomotor
Under, the amplitude of three-phase current can be obtained by equation below:
I=T ω/U
In formula, U is voltage, and T is torque, and ω is rotating speed.
The frequency of three-phase current can be obtained by equation below:
F=np/60
In formula, n is rotating speed, and unit is revolutions per minute, and p is the half of level logarithm, i.e. electromagnetism series.
The phase angle difference of three-phase current between any two is generally 120 ゜, and thus the expression formula of three-phase current can be expressed as
IA=I sin (ft)
IB=I sin (ft+ π/3)
IC=I sin (ft+2 π/3)
Finally the general value of electromagnetic finite member simulation time isElectromagnetic finite member simulation step length
(2) stressing conditions in fortune and the course of work and the definite servo motor stator of step (1) are deposited according to servomotor
With the electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of rotor, the static numerical simulation analytical parameters of servomotor are determined;
The servomotor static numerical simulation parameter is the main load part case of servomotor and the geometry of armature spindle
The geometric parameter of parameter and static numerical simulation arrange parameter, housing and armature spindle includes:The length and wall thickness of electric machine casing,
The parameter of armature spindle includes the diameter and length of motor shaft.Static numerical simulation arrange parameter includes:The Young's modulus of case material
And the stationary plane and force surface of Poisson's ratio, housing and the size of force, the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of armature spindle, armature spindle
The size of stationary plane and force surface and force.
It is the length and width of electric machine casing, high with wall thickness and less than installation space size and be more than servo motor stator size;
The diameter of rotor axis of electric is less than rotor internal diameter, and the length of armature spindle is equal to the sum of stator length and connector length, connection
The length of part can be consulted in the product manual of connector production firm by maximum load capacity and obtained.The poplar of housing and rotor shaft material
Family name's modulus and Poisson's ratio can be by obtaining in the product manual of production firm, and the stationary plane of housing is the bottom of housing, and stress surface is
Place is bolted, force is the maximum load capacity needed for design of electrical motor;The stationary plane of armature spindle is the contact surface with rotor, is turned
The stress surface of sub- axis is the contact surface with connector, and force size is the maximum moment of torque and velocity envolop curve.
(3) according to the attribute lists of the component materials such as servo motor stator, rotor, housing, armature spindle (content of attribute list and
How to get), determine the thermal characteristics simulation parameter of servomotor;
The hot simulation parameter of servomotor includes:Servomotor shells, stator, thermal conductivity coefficient and the surface of rotor and armature spindle
Emissivity, initial environment temperature and simulation time, general value -40~60 degree Celsius of initial environment temperature, simulation time
That is the working time of servomotor, thermal conductivity coefficient and slin emissivity can be obtained from the product material handbook of motor production firm
.
(4) according to step (1) servo motor stator and the electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of rotor, servomotor electromagnetism is carried out
Finite element simulation is learned, obtains torque of the servomotor under rated speed, counter electromotive force;
First with professional servomotor electromagnetism finite simulation element analysis software, this example is preferably ANSYS companies
Maxwell softwares, in addition to the precision of result of calculation, the advantages of software, also resides in and can be realized by the recording of script file
The automation of electromagnetism emulation, specific implementation process are as follows:
The file of script file, i.e. logging software operating process, the member emulation of servomotor electromagnetic finite are parameter setting, fortune
Row emulation and the process checked of result, during except the value of design parameter it is different, its every exectorial statement syntax
It is consistent, therefore based on the permanent magnet synchronous motor electromagnetism finite element simulation script recorded, by script text
The identification of keyword and affiliated ranks number in part, you can the concrete numerical value of simulation parameter is replaced with into the servo described in step (1)
Motor electromagnetic finite element simulation parameter, realizing includes opening designing permanent-magnet synchronous motor panel, watching described in typing step (1)
Motor electromagnetic finite element simulation parameter is taken, the emulation of electromagnetic finite member is performed, exports what is preserved in the form of picture and Excel forms
Servomotor electromagnetic torque and counter electromotive force with the incremental iteration each time of simulation step length simulation result, until closing software
All electromagnetic finite member simulation operations.
Servomotor joint simulation method proposed by the present invention now carry out permanent magnet synchronous motor electromagnetism emulation rather than it is quiet
Mechanics Simulation and thermal characteristics emulation, are because the major function of servomotor is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, are requiring
Electromagnetism output situation under rotating speed should pay attention to first, ensure that the minimum of design of electrical motor simulation analysis process is done over again with this.
(5) whether the torque of judgment step (4) acquisition, counter electromotive force are satisfied by step (1) torque and velocity envolop curve
Requirement, if meet if carry out step (6), otherwise return to step (1) reset motor stator, the electromagnetism of rotor imitate
True parameter;
The Rule of judgment of wherein step (5) is:Judge under the rotating speed of whole operating points, electromagnetic torque whether be all higher than or
Abscissa value equal to torque with the corresponding operating point of velocity envolop curve.Meet that the condition then continues step (6), no
Meet the condition, then return to step (1), the material of stator and rotor, increase are replaced according to the product manual that manufacturer provides
Bδ1The value of air gap flux density fundamental voltage amplitude or A stator electric loads, recalculates the geometric parameter of stator and rotor.
(6) according to the servo of the servo motor stator of step (1) and the electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter and step (2) of rotor
The static numerical simulation analytical parameters of electric machine casing and armature spindle, establish the geometric configuration of servomotor;
The geometric parameter of servo motor stator, rotor, housing and armature spindle that step (1) and step (2) determine is to pass through
What engineering experience accumulation for many years filtered out, by the name to each geometric parameter and assignment i.e. using geometric configuration software
By parameterized modeling technology with the geometrical model for establishing servo motor stator, rotor, housing and armature spindle.
This example uses preferable Pro/E geometric configurations software, carries out the amplitude of geometric parameter and the generation of geometrical model.
Pro/E softwares possess powerful api interface, using the Update functions of API, with the entitled identifier of parameter, you can by step (1)
With permanent-magnetic synchronous motor stator, rotor, housing and the armature spindle geometric parameter assignment that step (2) obtains to corresponding geometrical model
In, the physical dimension renewal of the geometrical model of stator, rotor, housing and armature spindle is realized, so that it is quiet to obtain permanent magnet synchronous motor
Geometrical model needed for Mechanics Simulation and the emulation of motor thermal characteristics, during it should be noted that except the life to geometric parameter
Name, emulates, the bottom surface of housing and the contact surface of armature spindle and rotor are named for ease of follow-up static numerical simulation and thermal characteristics
It is named as stress surface for stationary plane, the bolt hole face of housing and the contact surface of armature spindle and connector, the housing of motor, determine
The solid of son, rotor and armature spindle is also with respective name nominating.
Servomotor Preliminary design process, is iterating for a parameter and performance, the process verified repeatedly.By right
The refinement of servo motor stator, rotor, housing and armature spindle geometric parameter, the geometrical model for utilizing parameterized modeling technology to realize
Reconstruct, and then the simple repetition work for saving designer is updated rather than repainted by size, and realize servo electricity
Electromechanical magnetics, heat and static numerical simulation parameter share;
(7) Servomotor shells and the static numerical simulation analytical parameters and step (6) of armature spindle determined according to step (2)
The geometric configuration of servomotor is established, statics finite element simulation is carried out to Servomotor shells and armature spindle, obtains servo electricity
The statics load characteristic of machine, including housing and armature spindle the ess-strain cloud atlas in the case of the tension and compression by maximum load capacity;
Similar with the electromagnetism finite element simulation principle of step (4), the static numerical simulation of housing and armature spindle is also to pass through
What the form that script is recorded and parameter value is replaced was realized.The statics of housing and armature spindle is preferably the Static of ANSYS
Structural modules, are recorded using script file, are separately turned on two static numerical simulation engineerings, are directed respectively into housing and rotor
The geometrical model of axis, completes mesh generation, and stationary plane is changed to be named as in step (6) to the housing bottom surface and rotor of stationary plane
The contact surface of axis and rotor, force surface are changed to be named as casing bolts hole face and armature spindle and the connection of force surface in step (6)
The contact surface of part, the numerical value of the size that exerts a force are assigned a value of limit force size, configuration equivalent stress and strain solver, respectively to scheme
The form output housing of piece and the ess-strain cloud atlas under the conditions of two kinds of limit forces of tension and compression of armature spindle.
(8) whether the housing or armature spindle ess-strain cloud atlas that judgment step (7) obtains are beyond desired limit stress
Situation, if it was exceeded, return to step (2) resets the static numerical simulation parameter of housing or armature spindle, if without departing from,
Carry out step (11);The maximum, force load that wherein limit stress and load component can be subject in fortune and the course of work is deposited, housing
Limit stress inputted for the maximum, force of external influence, the torque capacity in the case of limit stress, that is, stall of armature spindle, if
Arrive the requirement allowable for exceeding material in ess-strain cloud atlas greatly there are dependent variable, then return to step (2) replaces housing or armature spindle
Material, or go out to carry out craftsmanship processing to nonconforming, such as rounded corner etc..
(9) while step (7) carries out, the thermal characteristics simulation parameter and step of servomotor are determined according to step (3)
(6) geometric configuration established, carries out the emulation finite element analysis of servomotor thermal characteristics, obtains the thermal protection characteristic of servomotor,
Heat distribution cloud atlas including servomotor;
The electric machine casing and armature spindle geometrical model for carrying out statics Analysis are shared, plus stator and the geometry of rotor
Model, it is similar with step (4) and step (7), recorded using script and servomotor thermal characteristics can be achieved in the replacement of parameter value
Emulate finite element analysis.The Transient Thermal modules of the preferred ANSYS of permanent magnet synchronous motor thermal analysis software, utilize foot
The stator of this importing motor, rotor, the geometrical model of housing and armature spindle, respectively to the heat of stator, rotor, housing and armature spindle
Lead coefficient and slin emissivity carries out assignment, then complete mesh generation, the work that simulation time is permanent magnet synchronous motor is set
Time, set temperature emulate solver, and the heat distribution cloud atlas of permanent magnet synchronous motor is finally exported in the form of picture.
Employed by script and be not required to designer by serial structure with geometrical model reconfiguration technique, servomotor design process
Analysis is designed step by step, and computer can be allowed to carry out thermal characteristics Finite Element Simulation Analysis and static numerical simulation side by side, had
Effect improves design efficiency.
(10) stator of servomotor, rotor, housing and turn in the servomotor heat distribution cloud atlas that judgment step (9) obtains
Whether the maximum temperature of sub- axis has exceeded limiting temperature, if exceeded more than one of, return to step (3) is to more than pole
The material for limiting the component of temperature is replaced, if material can not be replaced, return to step (1), redefines servo motor stator
With the electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of rotor;If step (11) is carried out without departing from limiting temperature;
Limiting temperature and during to maintain motor normal work, maximum temperature that each component can bear, as arranged in stator slot
The conducting wire of cloth, C class B insulations maximum operating temperature are 220 DEG C.Main heat generating components is permanent magnet synchronous motor during the work time
The core loss of the copper loss of winding and stator in stator, including stator slot, for high-speed rotating motor also there are eddy-current loss,
If it is mostly the unreasonable of stator geometric parameter setting in step (1) therefore to go beyond the limit of temperature, but there is also cause because of temperature height
The phenomenon that permanent magnet demagnetizes in rotor, then needs to change the material of rotor at this time.
(11) by meet servomotor electromagnetism power producing characteristics, thermal protection characteristic, statics load characteristic servomotor
The electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of stator and rotor, housing and armature spindle static numerical simulation analytical parameters, determine servomotor
Thermal characteristics simulation parameter record the designing scheme to form servomotor and be stored in database.
It is the electromagnetic torque of gained, anti-by the associative simulation of permanent magnet synchronous motor electromagnetism, statics and hot three subjects
Electromotive force, Stress distribution cloud atlas, heat distribution cloud atlas can cover the conventional performance index of servomotor design
Totally digitilized simulation and prediction, can be that follow-up permanent-magnet servo motor Prototype Design and performance verification provide strong support.
Preferred embodiment 2 is:
Carry out be all inner rotor core DC brushless motor design, analytic process is same as above, and design procedure is identical.In addition it is right
The different servomotor design of geometric topo-relationship is determined, it is necessary to be changed according to its geometry in step (6) and step (7)
Son, rotor, the Parametric geometric model of armature spindle and housing, for heat emulation and the input of static numerical simulation, remaining step with
Embodiment 1 is similar.
The servomotor emulation mode that the present invention provides covers the complete of the conventional performance index of servomotor design
Digitalized artificial predicts that the multidisciplinary joint simulation method of proposition realizes servomotor electromagnetism, heat and static numerical simulation ginseng
Several to share, the minimum that the specific implementation step of servomotor joint simulation method realizes design of electrical motor simulation analysis is done over again,
Realize that the method that electromagnetism, heat and the static numerical simulation of servomotor automate is suitable for possessing script recording by script file
All professional simulation softwares of function, realize the emulation of design of electrical motor heat and the concurrent operation of static numerical simulation, improve emulation
Efficiency.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
(1) according to the torque of servomotor and velocity envolop curve and installation space size, servo motor stator and rotor are determined
Electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter;
(2) stressing conditions in fortune and the course of work and the definite servo motor stator of step (1) are deposited according to servomotor and turned
The electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of son, determines servomotor static numerical simulation analytical parameters;
(3) according to servo motor stator, rotor, housing, armature spindle component materials attribute list, determine the thermal characteristics of servomotor
Simulation parameter;
(4) according to step (1) servo motor stator and the electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of rotor, carrying out servomotor electromagnetism has
Limit member emulation, obtains torque of the servomotor under rated speed, counter electromotive force;
(5) what whether judgment step (4) obtains torque, counter electromotive force were satisfied by step (1) torque and velocity envolop curve will
Ask, step (6) is carried out if meeting, otherwise return to step (1) resets the electromagnetism emulation ginseng of the stator of motor, rotor
Number;
(6) according to the servo motor stator of step (1) and the servomotor of the electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter and step (2) of rotor
The static numerical simulation analytical parameters of housing and armature spindle, establish the geometric configuration of servomotor;
(7) Servomotor shells and the static numerical simulation analytical parameters and step (6) of armature spindle determined according to step (2) are established
Servomotor shells and armature spindle are carried out statics finite element simulation, obtain servomotor by the geometric configuration of servomotor
Statics load characteristic, including housing and armature spindle the ess-strain cloud atlas in the case of the tension and compression by maximum load capacity;
(8) housing or armature spindle ess-strain cloud atlas that judgment step (7) obtains whether beyond desired limit stressing conditions,
If it was exceeded, return to step (2) resets the static numerical simulation parameter of housing or armature spindle, if without departing from carrying out
Step (11);
(9) while step (7) carries out, determine that the thermal characteristics simulation parameter of servomotor and step (6) are built according to step (3)
Vertical geometric configuration, carries out the emulation finite element analysis of servomotor thermal characteristics, obtains the thermal protection characteristic of servomotor, including watch
Take the heat distribution cloud atlas of motor;
(10) judgment step (9) obtain servomotor heat distribution cloud atlas in servomotor stator, rotor, housing and armature spindle
Maximum temperature whether exceeded limiting temperature, if exceeded more than one of, return to step (3) is to more than limit temperature
The material of the component of degree is replaced, if material can not be replaced, return to step (1), redefines servo motor stator and turn
The electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of son;If step (11) is carried out without departing from limiting temperature;
(11) by meet servomotor electromagnetism power producing characteristics, thermal protection characteristic, statics load characteristic servomotor stator
The static numerical simulation analytical parameters of electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter, housing and armature spindle with rotor, the heat for determining servomotor
Characteristic Simulation reference record forms the designing scheme of servomotor and is stored in database.
A kind of 2. multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Installation space size, including:Length and width and height, i.e. a rectangular space, represent in three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system O-XYZ, long and wide
OXY planes are respectively positioned on, it is high along Z axis positive direction;
The electromagnetism emulation analysis parameter of servo motor stator and rotor, including:Define outside servo motor stator and rotor geometry
The geometric parameter of shape and the emulation arrange parameter of electromagnetism finite element simulation, stator geometric parameter include:In stator outer diameter, stator
Footpath, stator length, the groove depth of stator, the slot bottom of stator are wide, stator groove flaring is wide, stator groove flaring is deep, the notch of stator
Wide, stator notch is deep, the groove chamfer radius of stator;Rotor geometric parameter includes:Rotor diameter, rotor internal diameter, rotor length,
Permanent magnetism body thickness;The emulation arrange parameter of electromagnetism finite element simulation includes:The material of stator, the material of rotor, servomotor
Rotating speed, the expression formula of three-phase current, simulation step length and simulation time.
A kind of 3. multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The stator geometric parameter determines that step is as follows:
The axial direction that Z-direction is servomotor is defined, stator length L can determine that according to the height of bulkef, in stator
Footpath DilObtained by equation below:
<mrow>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>D</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>l</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<msup>
<mn>10</mn>
<mn>4</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msqrt>
<mn>2</mn>
</msqrt>
<msub>
<mi>&pi;B</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>&delta;</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>AL</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>e</mi>
<mi>f</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
In formula, Te, can be from torque with being obtained on velocity envolop curve for the electromagnetic torque of servomotor, unit Nm, Bδ1It is
Air gap flux density fundamental voltage amplitude, unit T, value range 0.95-1.05T;A is stator electric load virtual value, unit A/cm,
Value range is 150-700A/cm;
Through that can determine that, in the Preliminary design of servomotor, slot bottom is wide according to the length and wide smaller of bulk outside stator
Bs2Value can be determined by following formula;
Bs2=2 π * Dil/S
In formula, S is slot number, and value is the positive integer more than 4;Groove flaring width Bs1Can be the wide Bs of slot bottom in initial assignment2's
0.25 times, groove depth be less than stator outside through and diameter of stator bore difference, remaining parameter include groove flaring depth, slot opening, notch deeply, groove
Chamfer radius then can on the premise of craftsmanship and geometric topo-relationship is ensured any assignment.
A kind of 4. multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The rotor geometric parameter determination process requires:Rotor length is equal with stator length, and permanent magnetism body thickness is no more than fixed
Sub- internal diameter.
A kind of 5. multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The electromagnetism finite element simulation parameter determination is as follows:
The stator and rotor material can be obtained from the selection handbook of servomotor manufacturer;
The expression formula of three-phase current, including amplitude I, frequency f and tri- variables of phase angle φ;
In formula, subscript i represents A, B, C three-phase;
According to torque and velocity envolop curve and law of conservation of energy, in the case of the supply voltage of given servomotor, by
Equation below can obtain the amplitude of three-phase current:
I=T ω/U
In formula, U is voltage, and T is torque, and ω is rotating speed;
The frequency of three-phase current can be obtained by equation below:
F=np/60
In formula, n is rotating speed, and unit is revolutions per minute, and p is the half of level logarithm, i.e. electromagnetism series;
The phase angle difference of three-phase current between any two is generally 120 ゜, and thus the expression formula of three-phase current can be expressed as
IA=Isin (ft)
IB=Isin (ft+ π/3)
IC=Isin (ft+2 π/3)
Servomotor rotating speed, is torque and the speed of each operating point of velocity envolop curve, and during electromagnetic finite member emulation
Between general value beElectromagnetic finite member simulation step length
A kind of 6. multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
The expression formula of three-phase current is:
Ii=Isin (ft+ φ)
In formula, subscript i represents A, B, C three-phase, and I is amplitude, f is frequency, φ is phase angle.
A kind of 7. multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The servomotor static numerical simulation parameter is the geometric parameter of the main load part case of servomotor and armature spindle and quiet
The geometric parameter of Mechanics Simulation arrange parameter, housing and armature spindle includes:The length and wall thickness of electric machine casing, armature spindle
Parameter includes the diameter and length of motor shaft;Static numerical simulation arrange parameter includes:The Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of case material,
The stationary plane and force surface of housing and the size of force, the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of armature spindle, the stationary plane of armature spindle and
The size of force surface and force.
A kind of 8. multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The housing and the geometric parameter determination process of armature spindle are as follows:It is the length and width of electric machine casing, high with wall thickness and less than peace
Dress bulk is simultaneously more than servo motor stator size;The diameter of rotor axis of electric is less than rotor internal diameter, the length of armature spindle
Equal to the sum of stator length and connector length, the length of connector is consulted the product of connector production firm by maximum load capacity
Obtained in handbook.
A kind of 9. multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The static numerical simulation arrange parameter determination process is as follows:The Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of housing and rotor shaft material can be by giving birth to
Produce and obtained in the product manual of manufacturer, the stationary plane of housing is the bottom of housing, and for stress surface to be bolted place, force is electricity
The maximum load capacity of machine design;The stationary plane of armature spindle is the contact surface with rotor, and the stress surface of armature spindle is with being connected
The contact surface of part, force size are the maximum moment of torque and velocity envolop curve.
10. a kind of multidisciplinary joint simulation method for servomotor design according to claim 1, its feature exist
In:The hot simulation parameter of the servomotor includes:Servomotor shells, stator, the thermal conductivity coefficient and table of rotor and armature spindle
Surface launching rate, initial environment temperature and simulation time;- 40~60 degrees Celsius of initial environment temperature value, simulation time are
The working time of servomotor, thermal conductivity coefficient and slin emissivity can be obtained from the product material handbook of motor production firm.
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