CN107976608A - A kind of fault location system for distribution lines and method - Google Patents

Abstract

This application is about a distribution line fault location system and method. The system includes an acquisition device, a starting element, a data processing device and an output device. The acquisition device includes a through-hole traveling wave sensor and a wireless sensor. The coaxial cable is connected to the wireless sensor, and the wireless sensor transmits the signal to the starting element and the data processing device respectively, and the data processing device processes the signal and transmits it to the output device. The processing means transmits the signal to the output means. The system and method in the embodiment of the present application have a simple structure and are convenient for operators to install, and the combination of traveling wave method and wireless transmission is beneficial to improve the accuracy of fault location.

Description

A distribution line fault location system and method

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of distribution network equipment, in particular to a distribution line fault location system and method.

Background technique

The distribution network is composed of overhead lines, cables, towers, distribution transformers, isolating switches, reactive power compensators and some ancillary facilities, and plays an important role in distributing electric energy in the power network. Once the distribution network fails, it will cause great losses to the distribution system. Therefore, when the distribution line fails, it is an important issue to locate the distribution line fault in time so that the fault can be solved in time.

At present, the distribution line fault location device is usually used in the distribution network to locate the distribution line fault. Specifically, this device uses the impedance method for fault detection. When the distribution network fails, the acquisition unit performs wave recording. And transmit the signal to the host system through the optical cable or communication line, the host system measures the voltage and current, so as to obtain the impedance from the fault point to the measurement end, and then use the line parameters to establish a fault model, and obtain the fault distance through calculation, so as to realize the detection of distribution line faults to locate.

However, in the current distribution line fault location device, because the impedance method is used for fault detection, the impedance method cannot eliminate the influence of parameters such as transition resistance at the ground fault point, resulting in low positioning accuracy and accuracy of fault location using this method. Insufficient, and the structure of the impedance method is complex, not easy to apply and not suitable for fault location in long-distance transmission and distribution networks. In addition, in the current distribution line fault location device, after the fault location is determined by the impedance method, the current signal or voltage signal at the fault is transmitted through a cable such as an optical cable or a communication line. This method of laying wires for signal transmission makes the The signal is easily affected by external factors, and the transmission efficiency is low.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problems of low fault location accuracy and low signal transmission efficiency existing in related technologies, the present application provides a distribution line fault location system and method.

A distribution line fault location system, including a collection device, a starting element, a data processing device and an output device, the collection device includes a through-hole traveling wave sensor and a wireless sensor, and the through-hole traveling wave sensor is socketed in the distribution line The wire is used to collect the signal on the distribution line, the wireless sensor is arranged inside the collection device, the through-hole traveling wave sensor is connected to the wireless sensor through a coaxial cable, and the collection device passes The wireless sensor transmits the signal to the activation element and the data processing device respectively, and the data processing device processes the signal and transmits it to the output device. When the signal is determined to be a fault signal by the activation element, the activation element transmits the signal to It is transmitted to the output device through the data processing device.

Optionally, the data processing device includes a high-speed data processing element and a central processing unit, and the acquisition device transmits signals to the starting element and the high-speed data processing element respectively through the wireless sensor, and the high-speed data processing unit The data is sent to the central processing unit after preliminary processing, and the central processing unit is connected to the output device, and the wireless sensor is also connected to the central processing unit through the activation element.

Optionally, the high-speed data processing element includes: an A/D converter, an FPGA logic circuit control unit, a memory, a single-chip microcomputer, and an optocoupler isolator, and the A/D converter performs A/D conversion on the signal and converts the A/D The signal after the /D conversion is delivered to the memory and the single-chip microcomputer, the memory stores the signal after the A/D conversion and interacts with the FPGA logic circuit control unit, and the single-chip microcomputer performs preliminary processing on the signal after the A/D conversion and Interacting with the FPGA logic circuit control unit, the FPGA logic circuit control unit feeds back signals to the A/D converter, and the single-chip microcomputer is also connected to the central processing unit through the optocoupler isolator.

Optionally, the central processing unit is a DSP series TMS320C5545 chip.

Optionally, the central processing unit is also connected to a large-capacity memory.

Optionally, a voltage suppressor and a voltage divider are arranged between the wireless sensor and the coaxial cable, and the coaxial cable is also connected to a lightning arrester.

Optionally, the wireless sensor adopts GPRS signal for transmission, and the wireless sensor supports MODBUS protocol.

A fault location method for distribution lines, characterized in that the method comprises:

Judging whether the distribution line is faulty according to the sudden change of current in the distribution line;

When the distribution line fails, the fault recording signal in the distribution line is obtained by the traveling wave method;

Transmitting the fault recording signal to a data processing device by means of wireless transmission;

The data processing device analyzes and processes the fault recording signal, obtains the fault analysis signal and stores the fault analysis signal;

According to the request of the client, the fault analysis signal is sent to the client.

Optionally, the data processing device includes a high-speed data processing element and a central processing unit.

Optionally, the data processing device acquires and stores the fault analysis signal after analyzing and processing the fault recording signal, including:

The high-speed data processing element performs preliminary processing and storage on the fault recording signal, and sends the processed data to the central processing unit;

The central processing unit analyzes the data preliminarily processed by the high-speed data processing unit, acquires and stores fault analysis signals.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application may include the following beneficial effects:

The application provides a power distribution line fault location system, which includes a collection device, a starting element, a data processing device and an output device. The collection device includes a through-hole traveling wave sensor and a wireless sensor. The line is used to collect the signal on the distribution line. The wireless sensor is installed inside the collection device. The through-hole traveling wave sensor is connected to the wireless sensor through a coaxial cable. The collection device transmits the signal to the starting element and the data through the wireless sensor Processing device, the data processing device processes the signal and transmits it to the output device. When the signal is determined to be a fault signal by the starting element, the starting element transmits the signal to the output device through the data processing device, and the fault information is fed back to the operator through the output device . In the embodiment of the present application, when there is no fault in the power distribution line, the starting element is not triggered, and when a fault occurs in the power distribution line, the starting element is triggered. It is judged whether there is a fault in the power distribution line by setting the starting element, and the fault in the power distribution line is processed in time through the data processing device. The acquisition device of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a through-type traveling wave sensor and a wireless sensor, and the fault signal is collected by the through-type traveling wave sensor and transmitted to the data processing device through the wireless sensor, and the traveling wave method is used for fault location The accuracy is high, and the device is simple and easy to popularize, and the device is also suitable for fault location in long-distance power transmission and distribution networks. The use of wireless sensors can avoid wired signal transmission, which is conducive to maintaining the accuracy of signals and improving the efficiency of signal transmission.

The application also provides a fault location method for distribution lines, including: judging whether a fault occurs in the distribution line according to the sudden change of current in the distribution line; obtaining the fault recording signal in the distribution line by the traveling wave method; The signal is transmitted to the data processing device through wireless transmission; the data processing device analyzes and processes the fault recording signal, obtains the fault analysis signal and stores it; and sends the fault analysis signal to the client according to the request of the client. The embodiment of the present application adopts the traveling wave method to locate the fault, which has high positioning accuracy and is easy to popularize. Moreover, the signal is transmitted wirelessly, which can avoid wired signal transmission, and is beneficial to maintain the accuracy of the signal and improve the efficiency of signal transmission.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, In other words, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without paying creative labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distribution line fault location system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another distribution line fault location system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-speed data processing element in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a distribution line fault location method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Symbols indicate: 1-through-the-heart traveling wave sensor, 2-wireless sensor, 3-starting element, 4-data processing device, 41-high-speed data processing element, 411-A/D converter, 412-FPGA logic circuit control unit , 413-memory, 414-single-chip microcomputer, 415-optocoupler isolator, 42-central processing unit, 5-output device.

Detailed ways

In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the present solution, the present application will be described in detail below through specific implementation modes and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the application may repeat reference numbers and/or letters in different instances. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes are omitted herein to avoid unnecessarily limiting the application.

In order to better understand the present application, the implementation manner of the present application will be explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment one

Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distribution line fault location system provided by an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the distribution line fault location system in the embodiment of the present application mainly includes four parts including the acquisition device, the starting element 3, the data processing device 4 and the output device 5, and the acquisition device also includes a through-hole traveling wave sensor 1 and wireless sensor 2. Among them, the core-through traveling wave sensor 1 is socketed on the distribution line to collect signals on the distribution line. Usually, there are three-phase AC lines on the distribution line, so each phase of the three-phase AC line is socketed There is a through-hole traveling wave sensor, and the wireless sensor is set inside the acquisition device.

A coaxial cable is used between the through-core traveling wave sensor 1 and the wireless sensor 2, and the use of the coaxial cable can greatly reduce the signal strength and power loss, thereby improving the accuracy of the sampling signal.

The wireless sensor 2 uses GPRS signals for transmission, and the wireless sensor 2 in the embodiment of the present application supports the MODBUS protocol. The wireless sensor 2 supports the MODBUS protocol, which can ensure that the distribution line fault location system in the embodiment of the present application can support devices with multiple interfaces, including RS-232, RS-422, RS-485 and Ethernet devices, thereby facilitating system development. Promotional use. The setting of the wireless sensor 2 can avoid the operation of laying lines in the wired transmission, so that the system structure is more simplified, and it is convenient for the operator to install, and by wirelessly transmitting the signal, the interference and attenuation of the signal by external factors can be reduced, which is conducive to improving the configuration. The accuracy of fault location on electric lines.

Continuing to refer to Fig. 1, the acquisition device transmits the signal to the starting element 3 and the data processing device 4 respectively through the wireless sensor 2, and the data processing device 4 processes the signal and transmits it to the output device 5. When the signal is judged as a fault signal by the starting element 3 , the activation element 3 transmits the signal to the output device 5 via the data processing device 4 . The setting of the starting element 3 is used to find fault information in time. When there is no fault in the power distribution line, the starting element is not triggered, and when a fault occurs in the power distribution line, the starting element is triggered. The setting of the starting element enables the operator to discover the fault information in time and deal with the fault in time through the output device. The activation element can be implemented in software.

In the embodiment of the present application, the data processing device 4 is used to process the signal. When no fault occurs, the signal is processed normally. When a fault occurs, the data processing device 4 performs fault location processing according to the trigger of the activation element.

The fault information is fed back through the output device 5. In the embodiment of the present application, the output device is a man-machine interface, including a display and an operation keyboard. The man-machine interface can also be used by the client to input data requirements according to the requirements.

Further, in the embodiment of the present application, a voltage suppressor and a voltage divider are also provided between the wireless sensor 2 and the coaxial cable, wherein the coaxial cable is also connected to a lightning arrester. The setting of voltage suppression and voltage divider can not only measure power frequency AC high voltage, but also suppress overvoltage, so as to protect the distribution line fault location system. The setting of the lightning arrester can also further protect the distribution line fault location system. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the coaxial cable isolates the lightning arrester from the overvoltage suppression and voltage divider, which can effectively reduce the impact of lightning on the overvoltage suppression and voltage divider.

Embodiment two

Referring to FIG. 2 on the basis of the embodiment described in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another distribution line fault location system provided for an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from FIG. 2 , in the distribution line fault location system of this embodiment, the data processing device 4 is composed of a high-speed data processing element 41 and a central processing unit 42 . Specifically, the acquisition device transmits signals to the starting element 3 and the high-speed data processing element 4 respectively through the wireless sensor 2, and the high-speed data processing unit 41 sends the data to the central processing unit 42 after preliminary processing, and the central processing unit 42 communicates with the output device 5 The wireless sensor 2 is also connected with the central processing unit 42 through the activation element 3 .

In this embodiment, the data processing device 4 is composed of a high-speed data processing element 41 and a central processing unit 42. The high-speed data processing element first performs preliminary processing on the signal transmitted by the acquisition device through the wireless sensor 2, and then sends the processed data to the central processing unit. Processor 42, the central processing unit further analyzes and judges the data, so as to comprehensively analyze the data collected by the through-hole traveling wave sensor 2 to more accurately locate the fault. The central processing unit 2 is connected with the output device 5, and can transmit the fault analysis information to the client. In this embodiment, the wireless sensor 2 is connected to the central processing unit 42 through the activation element 3, so as to obtain the fault information of the power distribution line in time and process the fault information.

The specific structure of high-speed data processing element 41 can refer to Fig. 3, as can be seen from Fig. 3, high-speed data processing element 41 mainly comprises in the embodiment of the present application: A/D converter 411, FPGA logic circuit control unit 412, memory 413, single-chip microcomputer 414 And optocoupler isolator 415 five parts. Wherein, the A/D converter 411 is used for performing A/D conversion on the signal and transferring the signal after the A/D conversion to the memory 413 and the single-chip microcomputer 414, and the memory is used for 413 to store the signal after the A/D conversion and communicate with The FPGA logic circuit control unit 413 interacts, and the single-chip microcomputer 414 is used to perform preliminary processing on the signal after the A/D conversion and interacts with the FPGA logic circuit control unit 412, and the FPGA logic circuit control unit 412 feeds back the signal to the A/D converter 411 , the single-chip microcomputer 414 is also connected to the central processing unit 42 through an optocoupler isolator 415 .

In this embodiment, the A/D converter may use a 120HZ A/D converter to convert the signal collected by the through-type traveling wave sensor into a digital signal form including an address. The configuration of the FPGA logic circuit control unit 412 can feed back the information stored in the memory and the information processed by the single chip microcomputer to the A/D converted signal to the A/D converter.

In this embodiment, the high-speed data processing element 41 is connected with the central processing unit 42 through the optocoupler isolator 415. Since the optocoupler isolator has good electrical insulation capability and anti-interference ability, it can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio, thereby improving The accuracy of distribution line fault location.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 2 , in the embodiment of the present application, the central processor may adopt the TMS320C5545 chip of the DSP system. Further, in this embodiment, the central processing unit 42 is also connected to a large-capacity memory. This structural design enables the data processed by the central processing unit 42 to be effectively stored, and is convenient for the operator to collect distribution line faults for a long time.

For parts not described in detail in this embodiment, reference may be made to Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1 , and the two may refer to each other, and will not be described in detail here.

Referring to FIG. 4 , FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a distribution line fault location method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the distribution line fault location method in the embodiment of the present application mainly includes the following steps:

S1: According to the sudden change of current in the distribution line, it is judged whether there is a fault in the distribution line.

A starting element can be used to determine whether there is a fault in the distribution line. Usually, when a fault occurs in the distribution line, the current will change abruptly. When the current is normal, the starting element is not triggered, and when the circuit is abnormal or faulty, the starting element is triggered.

S2: When the distribution line fails, the fault recording signal in the distribution line is obtained by the traveling wave method.

When a fault occurs in the distribution line, the traveling wave method is used to obtain the fault recording signal in the distribution line, and a line wave sensor, such as a through-hole traveling wave sensor, can be used to collect the fault recording signal in the distribution line. The traveling wave method in this embodiment is the existing traveling wave ranging method in the prior art.

After the fault recording signal is obtained, go to step S3: transmit the fault recording signal to the data processing device through wireless transmission.

After the fault recording signal is obtained, the fault recording signal is transmitted to the data processing device, so as to facilitate subsequent processing and analysis of the fault recording signal, so as to determine the fault location. In this embodiment, the wireless transmission method is adopted, which can effectively avoid signal interference generated during the transmission of the fault recording signal, and is beneficial to improve the accuracy of fault location.

The data processing device in this embodiment may use high-speed data processing elements and a central processing unit.

S4: The data processing device analyzes and processes the fault recording signal, acquires the fault analysis signal and stores the fault analysis signal.

Specifically, step S4 includes the following processes:

The high-speed data processing element preliminarily processes and stores the fault recording signal, and sends the processed data to the central processing unit;

The central processing unit analyzes the data preliminarily processed by the high-speed data processing unit, acquires the fault analysis signal and stores the fault analysis signal.

S5: Send the fault analysis signal to the client according to the request of the client.

The distribution line fault location method and principle in the embodiment of the present application have been introduced in detail in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1-3 , and will not be repeated here.

The above are only optional implementations of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of fault location system for distribution lines, it is characterized in that, including harvester, starting element (3), data processing equipment (4) and output device (5), the harvester include punching traveling wave sensor (1) and wireless senser (2), the punching Formula traveling wave sensor (1), which is socketed on distribution wire, to be used to gather the signal on distribution wire, and the wireless senser (2) is arranged at institute The inside of harvester is stated, the punching traveling wave sensor (1) is connected by coaxial cable with the wireless senser (2), Signal is transferred to the starting element (3) and data processing dress by the wireless senser (2) by the harvester respectively Put (4), the data processing equipment (4) passes to the output device (5) after handling signal, when the activated member of signal When part (3) is determined as fault-signal, signal is transferred to output device by the starting element (3) through data processing equipment (4) (5)。

2. a kind of fault location system for distribution lines as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the data processing equipment (4) Including high-speed data treatment element (41) and central processing unit (42), the harvester will by the wireless senser (2) Described to be transferred to the starting element (3) and high-speed data treatment element (4) respectively, the high-speed data processing unit (41) is right Data are sent to the central processing unit (42), the central processing unit (42) and the output device after carrying out preliminary treatment (5) connect, the wireless senser (2) is also connected by the starting element (3) with the central processing unit (42).

3. a kind of fault location system for distribution lines as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the high-speed data treatment element (41) include：A/D converter (411), fpga logic circuit control unit (412), memory (413), microcontroller (414) and Optical coupling isolator (415), the A/D converter (411) carry out signal A/D conversions and are transferred to the transformed signals of A/D Memory (413) and microcontroller (414), the transformed signals of A/D store the memory (413) and and fpga logic Circuit control unit (412) interacts, the microcontroller (414) to the transformed signals of A/D carry out preliminary treatment and with Fpga logic circuit control unit (412) interacts, and signal is fed back to A/ by the fpga logic circuit control unit (412) D converters (411), the microcontroller (414) are also connected by the optical coupling isolator (415) and the central processing unit (42) Connect.

4. a kind of fault location system for distribution lines as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the central processing unit (42) is DSP series TMS320C5545 chips.

5. a kind of fault location system for distribution lines as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the central processing unit (42) is also It is connected with a mass storage.

6. a kind of fault location system for distribution lines as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the wireless senser (2) with Voltage suppression is provided between coaxial cable and divider, the coaxial cable are also connected with an arrester.

7. a kind of fault location system for distribution lines as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the wireless senser (2) is adopted It is transmitted with GPRS signals, and the wireless senser (2) supports MODBUS agreements.

8. a kind of distribution line failure localization method, it is characterized in that, the described method includes：

Judge whether distribution line breaks down according to current break situation in distribution line；

When distribution line breaks down, the failure wave-recording signal in distribution line is obtained by traveling wave method；

The failure wave-recording signal is transmitted to data processing equipment by way of being wirelessly transferred；

Data processing equipment analyzes and processes the failure wave-recording signal, obtains accident analysis signal and accident analysis is believed Number stored；

According to the request of client, the accident analysis signal is sent to client.

9. a kind of distribution line failure localization method as described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the data processing equipment bag Include high-speed data treatment element and central processing unit.

10. a kind of distribution line failure localization method as described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the data processing equipment After being analyzed and processed to the failure wave-recording signal, obtain accident analysis signal and stored, including：

The high-speed data treatment element carries out the failure wave-recording signal preliminary treatment and storage, and by the data after processing Send to central processing unit；

The central processing unit analyzes the data after high-speed data processing unit preliminary treatment, obtains accident analysis signal And accident analysis signal is stored.