CN107976585A - A kind of ion flow density measurement system - Google Patents
A kind of ion flow density measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107976585A CN107976585A CN201711483464.2A CN201711483464A CN107976585A CN 107976585 A CN107976585 A CN 107976585A CN 201711483464 A CN201711483464 A CN 201711483464A CN 107976585 A CN107976585 A CN 107976585A
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- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0892—Details related to signal analysis or treatment; presenting results, e.g. displays; measuring specific signal features other than field strength, e.g. polarisation, field modes, phase, envelope, maximum value
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ion flow density measurement system, including：Ion stream sensor array, for measuring ion current density and being converted into analog voltage signal output；Data acquisition unit, for the analog voltage signal of input to be converted to the first digital signal, and sends it to fiber data transmission unit；Fiber data transmits unit, for first digital signal received to be converted to light pulse, and it is sent to fiber data receiving unit by optical fiber；Fiber data receiving unit, for the light pulse received to be converted to the second digital signal, and second digital signal is sent to host computer；Battery powered module.In the present invention, data transfer uses fibre circuit so that the strong antijamming capability of transmission line, the effective distance of transmission are big, it can meet telemeasurement requirement, the error or mistake in data transmission procedure are reduced, the electric field measurement being particularly suitable under high voltage environment, realizes high and low voltage isolation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power measurement systems technology field, is a kind of ion flow density measurement system specifically.
Background technology
With the sustained and rapid development of national economy, power demand is higher and higher, and the power generation energy resource in China is needed with electricity consumption
Ask extremely uneven on geographical location.Extra-high voltage direct-current transmission engineering is since its ability to transmit electricity is strong, loss is small, both sides exchange system
System need not synchronously, many advantages, such as loss is small caused by power grid when breaking down, be adapted to interconnection power system.Develop extra-high
Press technology of transmission of electricity, it is impossible to ignore its electromagnetic effect to surrounding environment and equipment.Wherein ground ion flow density is exactly that evaluation is special
One of important indicator that electromagnetic environment is disturbed under HVDC transmission line.
Ion current density refers to that when passing through high-voltage electricity corona can occur for conductor, ionizes effect of the ion in electric field force of formation
Under, to neighbouring spatial movement, form ion stream.And the ion stream that ground unit area is intercepted and captured is known as ion current density.Ion stream
Density is usually measured with Wilson's tablet (Wilson plates).The area of ion stream collection plate is sufficiently large, and makes what it was intercepted and captured
Gas current is larger, is easy to measure.
The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN101188059A, discloses a kind of ion flow density measurement system, is applicable to
Ion flow density measurement below ultra-high-tension power transmission line.It mainly by one group of ion current density plate, passes through signal cable and ion
Stream signal acquisition and processing apparatus is connected, and is equipped with A/D modular converters.Due to the ion current density plate and ion in the measuring system
Cable connection is used between flow measuring apparatus.
Telecommunication mode transmits data, the complex electromagnetic environment under extra-high crimping, and packet loss and the bit error rate are higher；In complexity
When ion current density is measured in electromagnetic environment, the interference of complicated space often forms effective return in ion flow measuring system
Road, so that the measurement result of ion stream is inaccurate, in some instances it may even be possible to cause the damage of measuring instrument.In addition, positioned at complicated electricity
Measuring circuit in magnetic environment is easy to high-voltage electricity guiding low pressure measurement end, may operating personnel and equipment cause safe prestige
The side of body.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of ion flow density measurement system, reduces in data transmission procedure
Error or mistake, and avoid measuring system from being interfered, while realize the isolation between high-low pressure.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of ion flow density measurement system, including：
Ion stream sensor array, for measuring ion current density and being converted into analog voltage signal output；
Data acquisition unit, for the analog voltage signal of input to be converted to the first digital signal, and is sent out
Send to fiber data and transmit unit；
Fiber data transmits unit, for first digital signal received to be converted to light pulse, and is led to
Optical fiber is crossed to send to fiber data receiving unit；
Fiber data receiving unit, for the light pulse received to be converted to the second digital signal, and by described in
Second digital signal is sent to host computer；
Battery powered module, for transmitting unit to the ion stream sensor array, data acquisition unit and fiber data
Power supply.
Further, the ion stream sensor array, data acquisition unit, fiber data transmission unit and battery powered mould
Block is vacantly set, and is located at hot end.
Further, the ion stream sensor array includes：
Polylith Wilson's plate, for intercepting the ion stream in environment to be measured, output current signal；
With the one-to-one signal condition unit of Wilson's plate, for the current signal of input to be converted to mould
Intend voltage signal and export.
Further, the data acquisition unit sets multichannel to be gathered correspondingly with the signal condition unit logical
Road.
Further, the Wilson's plate includes top crown and bottom crown be arranged in parallel, that shape is identical, the upper pole
Plate outer ring is arranged with shading ring, the shading ring and bottom crown ground connection, is offered in the middle part of the top crown and bottom crown
Through hole.
Further, the top crown is the square of length of side 0.7m, and thickness 2mm, it is with the bottom crown spacing
3mm, the shielding ring width is 15mm.
Further, top crown and the bottom crown material is aluminium alloy.
Further, the host computer is made of Measurement ＆control computer and upper computer software, for parsing, showing and storing institute
State the second digital signal.
Further, in the signal conditioning circuit, including trans-impedance amplifier.
Further, in the signal conditioning circuit, including be sequentially connected in series trans-impedance amplifier, inverting amplifier and follow
Device.
Further, multiple plastic bolts are supported between the top crown and bottom crown, and the shading ring passes through metal
Bolt is connected with the bottom crown.
Further, the upper computer software is used for according to the configuration parameter for being stored in the signal condition unit therein
And second digital signal calculates the ion current density.
Ion flow density measurement system provided by the invention, transmits data using optical fiber, has the following advantages that：
1. the present invention combines the stabilization transmission characteristic of Fibre Optical Communication Technology, can reach as transmitted extra-high voltage total electric field number
According to etc. the real-time transmitting standard of data required by application field；
2nd, it is especially applicable to ion flow measurement under high voltage environment, realizes high-pressure side measurement and low pressure side data
The isolation for preserving and handling, farthest ensures low pressure side apparatus and personal safety.
3. in technical solution provided by the present invention, data transfer uses fibre circuit so that transmission line it is anti-interference
Ability is strong, the effective distance of transmission is big, can meet telemeasurement requirement, reduces error or mistake in data transmission procedure；
4. the system of the present invention simplifies the hardware design of data acquisition, data transfer etc., cost of manufacture is reduced.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of ion flow density measurement system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is ion flow density measurement system intermediate ion stream sensor array of the present invention and data acquisition unit connection signal
Figure；
Fig. 3 is signal condition unit circuit diagram in ion flow density measurement system of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is upper computer software functional diagram in ion flow density measurement system of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can be with
More fully understand the present invention and can be practiced, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of ion flow density measurement system, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, including：
Ion stream sensor array, for measuring ion current density and being converted into analog voltage signal output；
Data acquisition unit, for the analog voltage signal of input to be converted to the first digital signal, and is sent out
Send to fiber data and transmit unit, unit can be transmitted by RS485 bus transfers to fiber data；
Fiber data transmits unit, for first digital signal received to be converted to light pulse, and is led to
Optical fiber is crossed to send to fiber data receiving unit；
Fiber data receiving unit, for the light pulse received to be converted to the second digital signal, and by described in
Second digital signal is sent to host computer, can turn USB transmission by serial ports to host computer.Fiber data receiving unit is by upper
Machine is powered by USB, and host computer is then powered by power frequency 220V voltages.
Battery powered module, for transmitting unit to the ion stream sensor array, data acquisition unit and fiber data
Power supply.
Used in view of this measuring system in complex electromagnetic environment, ensureing that its system function of ion flow density measurement system is complete
On the premise of whole, the actual demand of coupled ion current density measurement, slave module, reliability and scalability are angularly to complexity
Electromagnetic environment intermediate ion current density measuring system is designed.Ion flow density measurement system hardware architecture it is general
Property, reliability and scalability design be to ensure that system can accurately, efficiently complete the basic and crucial of acquisition tasks, therefore, be
System is developed based on usb bus resource, by universal serial bus concentrator, by ripe data acquisition module, digital quantity
I/O modules, data transmission module and system power supply module etc. are integrated together, and each hardware module is separate, can individually develop,
Debugging, improves the scalability of acquisition system.Data acquisition module is the data acquisition unit corresponded in measuring system, digital
Measure I/O modules and correspond to fiber data receiving unit in measuring system, data transmission module corresponds to fiber count in measuring system
According to delivery unit.
In view of influence of the various electromagnetic interferences for measurement result, ion flow density measurement system under complex electromagnetic environment
Fibre Optical Communication Technology is used during data transfer, Fibre Optical Communication Technology can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference for data
The influence of transmitting procedure, so as to improve the precision of ion flow density measurement system, realizes Fibre Optical Communication Technology and ion stream
Effective combination of density measure technology.Using fiber optic communication mode, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, and long transmission distance, and wireless
Compared with other electrical communication modes, there is more advantage.The ion flow density measurement system of the present invention can be not only applicable in
It can also meet to survey accordingly in traditional field measurement environment, and for complicated electromagnetic environment, ion flow density measurement system
The demand of amount.
In one optional embodiment of the present embodiment, the ion stream sensor array, data acquisition unit, optical fiber data
Send unit and battery powered module vacantly to set, and be located at hot end.It can be used to hitch arrangements in metal mesh stent
On.During further reducing actual use ion flow density measurement system, influence of the environmental factor for measurement result,
Measuring device uses floating measurement method, is only connected by optical fiber with the host computer of ground side, is sensed with ground configuration ion stream
Device measurement is compared, and the design of the measurement structure of this floating ground formula also further reduces ground environment factor for systematic survey knot
The influence of fruit, improves the precision of ion flow density measurement system.
In one optional embodiment of the present embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the ion stream sensor array includes：Polylith
Wilson's plate, for intercepting the ion stream in environment to be measured, output current signal；Believe correspondingly with the Wilson's plate
Number conditioning unit, for by the current signal of input be converted to analog voltage signal and export Wilson's plate specific number and
Placement position can flexibly be selected according to actual measurement request, it is however generally that, not only need to guarantee to measure maximum, at the same time
Measurement cross direction profiles situation is also taken into account, changing bigger place in ion stream will place more.The two poles of the earth of Wilson's plate
Current signal, this current signal and ion current density direct proportionality, the logical survey for being converted to overcurrent signal are formed between plate
Amount result can calculate ion current density, and signal condition unit can be converted to this current signal the simulation for being easy to measurement
Voltage signal.
In one optional embodiment of the present embodiment, the data acquisition unit sets multichannel and the signal condition unit
One-to-one acquisition channel.The data acquisition converter unit selects ADAM4017 high precision analog acquisition modules as core
The heart, configures differential voltage signal acquisition passage, the analog voltage signal of input is converted into digital signal, has multi-channel synchronous
Acquisition function, it is ensured that while all analog voltage signals are changed, complete the Multipoint synchronous acquisition function of ion current density data.
The data net synchronization capability collected is good, ensure that the result of later data analysis is accurate.
In one optional embodiment of the present embodiment, the Wilson's plate includes upper pole be arranged in parallel, that shape is identical
Plate and bottom crown, top crown outer ring described in the bottom crown are arranged with shading ring, the shading ring and bottom crown ground connection, institute
State and offer through hole in the middle part of top crown and bottom crown.Center, which carries out perforate design, has two kinds of effects, and first is exactly to facilitate prestige
Connection between your inferior plate and signal condition unit, second be exactly in sleety weather the through hole can play the role of draining,
So as to further reduce influence of the environmental factor for the precision of ion flow density measurement system.
In one optional embodiment of the present embodiment, it is contemplated that ion flow density measurement system is used in complex electromagnetic environment
The limitation of the specification of system, while the influence of wind and for convenience calculating of ion current density value are taken into account, the top crown is the length of side
The square of 0.7m, thickness 2mm, it is 3mm with the bottom crown spacing, and the shielding ring width is 15mm.Wilson's plate
The length of side and shielding ring width it is as big as possible, thickness is as far as possible small, and top crown area should be as far as possible big, its be used to collecting from
Subflow.Ion stream collecting board leads to the excessively multiple plastic bolts of upper and lower pole plate with bottom plate and is supported so that two plates insulate, and shading ring is then
It is connected by metal bolts with bottom crown to be grounded.Design size more than, the measurement error of the Wilson's plate 5% with
Under, which is subjected in engineer application.
In one optional embodiment of the present embodiment, top crown and the bottom crown material is aluminium alloy.In view of reality
Various influence factors in measuring environment corona cage, select 6061-T651 aluminium alloys when making Wilson's plate, which, which has, adds
Splendid, the good corrosion resistance of work performance, high tenacity and processing after be unlikely to deform, material densification zero defect the advantages that.
In one optional embodiment of the present embodiment, host computer is made of Measurement ＆control computer and upper computer software, completes number
According to parsing, display and storage.In upper computer software in ion storage stream sensor array each signal condition unit configuration parameter,
Carry out being simply calculated Wilson's plate using the analog voltage and the configuration parameter of the signal condition unit that collect
The ion current density value of measurement.See Fig. 4, upper computer software major function is divided into sensor parameters management and data capture management two
Part.Sensor parameters management includes passage-sensor-position mapping and calibration coefficient typing and loading two parts, wherein logical
Road-sensor-position Mapping implementation acquisition module passage, sensor number and sensor measurement position one-to-one corresponding, this
The problem of sample design can be likely to occur with sensor among the actual measurement of flexible adaptation；Calibration coefficient typing and loading function are main
It is that its component aging, resistance change etc. will cause its calibration because after ion stream sensor array uses a period of time
Coefficient changes, in order to ensure the accuracy of gathered data, it is necessary to obtain its calibration coefficient before gathered data, and in journey
It is updated in sequence；Data capture management mainly includes range, collection period is set, data acquisition storage and data drawing list are shown
Etc. function.Data can variation show, including by form progress distributed data show, and by block diagram into
Row distributed graphic is shown, user can be allowed to grasp the ion current density exact value of each position correspondence.Data are deposited in real time
Storage requires program to have background data base to be supported, and after data acquisition terminates, user can be to offline database
File is analyzed.
In one optional embodiment of the present embodiment, Fig. 3 show signal conditioning circuit schematic diagram.The measuring system exists
In terms of measurement scheme selection, since the ion current density under high-voltage dc transmission electric wire is generally tens to hundreds of nA/m2, specific number
Value is related with the factor such as wind speed, the conducting wire method of operation, conductor height and die opening.And currently used weak current method
In：Power Capacity point-score need to extend time of integration T, and the problem of thus bringing just is reduction of the real-time and measurement essence of measuring system
Degree；Although T-shaped network technique can be to avoid the use of big resistance but the poor signal to noise of this method, circuit structure is compared to across resistance method
Also will complexity.So above two method is unsuitable for being used for this measuring system.And it is that real-time is good, electric across the advantages of method of resistance
Line structure is simple, only disadvantage is that temperature stability caused by the high value meeting of feedback resistance is poor, thermal noise is larger, line
Property the more low problem of degree, but these just can be obvious in the case where resistance value is more than 10G Ω, since the present invention measures
Magnitude in na level, therefore the resistance value of feedback resistance i.e. 10M Ω magnitudes, due to introduce big resistance in circuit and caused by survey
The problem of accuracy of measurement is inadequate is not apparent；Consider all technical, using across resistance method, i.e., amplifier output terminal with
Feedback resistance is connected to input terminal by the form of negative-feedback.
The signal conditioning circuit is made of three-level circuit：The first order is I/V translation circuits, and amplifier uses integrated chip
LMC660AIN, the amplifier have extremely low input bias current and offset current (fA grades) and high input impedance (Ω grades of T), with
And higher common-mode rejection ratio and relatively low bias voltage drift about, and are suitable as the amplifier of first order circuit.Feedback resistance R2Choosing
Resistance value 20M Ω, the precision resistance of 1% precision are selected, its temperature drift is only 30ppm, and resistance value changes the shadow to measurement in temperature change
Sound is smaller.Feedback capacity C3For compensating phase, the resistance for the 10K that connected is inputted to current limliting.From electric circuit knowledge
There is U between voltage and input current at T11=-iin×R2Relation, 2 × 10 will be provided by being apparent from this grade6Amplification factor, signal
It will will be changed into mV grades of voltage from nA grades of electric current, it is achieved thereby that conversion and amplification of the current signal to voltage signal；First
Resistance R between level circuit and second level circuit2With slide rheostat W1Act as adjust circuit totality output, carrying out
By adjusting slide rheostat W during calibration1To adjust the output signal of circuit, so that while the measuring precision is improved just
Work in the Maintenance and Repair of later measuring system；The second level is see-saw circuit, and amplifier have selected from chopper-zero-stabilized and integrate core
Piece ICL7650, its relatively low offset voltage are adapted to amplify voltage signal, and Auto zeroing characteristic make it that zeroing circuit need not be increased,
Integrated level is improved, anti-phase rate mu-factor can be adjusted using potentiometer, be close to 1；The third level is follower, is used
Second amplifier amplifier of LMC660AIN, for providing the load capacity of rear class.When the scope of input current is in ± 0nA
During to ± 250nA, first order output voltage is between negative and positive 0mV to 5V, and since anti-phase magnification ratio is 1, second level circuit is not
It is amplified, the output of so last follower is between ± 0mV to 5V.
Protection scope of the present invention not limited to this.What those skilled in the art were made on the basis of the present invention is equal
Substitute or convert, within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is subject to claims.
Claims (12)
- A kind of 1. ion flow density measurement system, it is characterised in that including：Ion stream sensor array, for measuring ion current density and being converted into analog voltage signal, and sends it to number According to collecting unit；Data acquisition unit, for the analog voltage signal received to be converted to the first digital signal, and is sent to Unit is transmitted to fiber data；Fiber data transmits unit, for first digital signal received to be converted to light pulse, and is passed through light Fibre is sent to fiber data receiving unit；Fiber data receiving unit, for the light pulse received to be converted to the second digital signal, and by described second Digital signal is sent to host computer；Battery powered module, for giving the transmission unit power supply of the ion stream sensor array, data acquisition unit and fiber data.
- 2. ion flow density measurement system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the ion stream sensor array, data Collecting unit, fiber data transmission unit and battery powered module are vacantly set, and are located at hot end.
- 3. the ion flow density measurement system as described in claim 1 or 2 is any, it is characterised in that the ion stream senses battle array Row include：Polylith Wilson's plate, for intercepting the ion stream in environment to be measured, output current signal；It is electric for the current signal of input to be converted to simulation with the one-to-one signal condition unit of Wilson's plate Pressure signal simultaneously exports.
- 4. ion flow density measurement system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the data acquisition unit sets multichannel With the one-to-one acquisition channel of the signal condition unit.
- 5. ion flow density measurement system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the Wilson's plate includes being arranged in parallel , the top crown that shape is identical and bottom crown, the top crown outer ring be arranged with shading ring, the shading ring and the bottom crown It is grounded, through hole is offered in the middle part of the top crown and bottom crown.
- 6. ion flow density measurement system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the top crown for length of side 0.7m just Square, thickness 2mm, it is 3mm with the bottom crown spacing, and the shielding ring width is 15mm.
- 7. ion flow density measurement system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that top crown and the bottom crown material is Aluminium alloy.
- 8. ion flow density measurement system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the host computer by Measurement ＆control computer and Upper computer software is formed, for parsing, showing and storing second digital signal.
- 9. ion flow density measurement system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in the signal conditioning circuit, including Trans-impedance amplifier.
- 10. ion flow density measurement system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that in the signal conditioning circuit, including Trans-impedance amplifier, inverting amplifier and the follower being sequentially connected in series.
- 11. ion flow density measurement system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that multiple plastic bolts are supported in described Between top crown and bottom crown, the shading ring is connected by metal bolts with the bottom crown.
- 12. ion flow density measurement system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The upper computer software is used for basis Be stored in the configuration parameter of the signal condition unit therein and second digital signal to calculate the ion stream close Degree.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110231517A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-13 | 广东省职业病防治院 | Ion current density measuring instrument and measuring system |
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