CN107974249B - Preparation method and application of polydopamine quantum dot-based fluorescent probe for detecting glutamic acid and aluminum ions - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of polydopamine quantum dot-based fluorescent probe for detecting glutamic acid and aluminum ions Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a nano fluorescent probe of glutamic acid and aluminum ions based on polydopamine quantum dots, and belongs to the technical field of nano materials. The method comprises the following steps: polydopamine Quantum dots (PDADs) were synthesized at room temperature using Dopamine (DA) as the sole precursor, and a facile and controllable method was developed to synthesize high fluorescence quantum yield PDADs. The formed PDADs can identify glutamic acid and aluminum ions with high sensitivity and selectivity. In addition, the fluorescent probe is successfully applied to determining the content of glutamic acid in human serum and monitoring the content of aluminum ions in water samples. The fluorescent probe has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high chemical stability, high biocompatibility, high selectivity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a polydopamine quantum dot-based fluorescent probe for detecting glutamic acid and aluminum ions, and belongs to the field of nanotechnology.
Background
Polymeric fluorescent nanoparticles have found widespread use in chemical sensors, fluorescence imaging, drug delivery and bioanalytical applications due to their low cytotoxicity, simple surface functionalization and low cost. Polymeric fluorescent nanoparticles are almost composed of conjugated polymers, which possess conjugated backbones or aromatic building blocks, resulting in intense fluorescent emission. However, conjugated polymers are generally poorly water soluble and therefore functional modifications are inevitable for further analytical and biological applications. Therefore, an advancing strategy to promote dispersibility in water is to prepare non-conjugated polymer nanoparticles. In recent years, many non-conjugated polymer nanoparticles have been developed, and their applications in sensors, gene delivery and drug delivery are widely explored. Nevertheless, their preparation and use still suffer from several disadvantages, such as complicated multistep synthetic routes, the use of environmentally unfriendly organic solvents, and low fluorescence quantum yields in aqueous solutions. Therefore, the development of an auto-fluorescent polymer material having good water solubility, easy preparation, and high fluorescence is necessary
Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter. It can be oxidized and polymerized to form Polydopamine (PDA) by protonation and intermolecular michael addition reactions under aerobic and alkaline conditions. PDA has been widely used in the biological field so far. To the best of our knowledge, few studies have been reported on the preparation of fluorescent polydopamine quantum dots (PDADs). Quigard et al irradiated the polydopamine-coated emulsion droplets with ultraviolet light, resulting in the production of fluorescent polydopamine. Tseng et al developed a method for hydroxyl-forming fluorescent polydopamine quantum dots to cause degradation of polydopamine nanoparticles by hydroxyl radicals. These methods have problems in terms of low fluorescence quantum yield and complicated synthesis process.
In conclusion, a skillful and controllable method is developed to synthesize PDADs with high fluorescence quantum yield, and the method has great significance for research and application of polydopamine quantum dots in related fields.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: provides a preparation method and application for synthesizing PDADs with high fluorescence quantum yield by a flexible and controllable method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a nano fluorescent probe of glutamic acid and aluminum ions based on polydopamine quantum dots comprises the following steps: weighing 80-120 mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, enabling the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution to be 10-100 mu M, placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months to form polydopamine quantum dots, and carrying out ultraviolet absorption intensity detection, fluorescence intensity detection and photographing on the formed polydopamine quantum dots every 20 days.
Preferably, 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water are weighed at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, the mixed solution is placed in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 μ M, polydopamine quantum dots are formed, ultraviolet absorption intensity detection and fluorescence intensity detection are carried out on the formed polydopamine quantum dots every 20 days, and photographing is carried out.
In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution proposed by the present invention is: the polydopamine quantum dot can be used for identifying glutamic acid and aluminum ions with high sensitivity and selectivity, the fluorescence of the polydopamine quantum dot can be quickly and effectively quenched by glutamic acid, the fluorescence of the polydopamine quantum dot can be recovered by adding the aluminum ions into a quenching system of the polydopamine quantum and the glutamic acid, and the fluorescent probe is applied to determining the content of the glutamic acid in human serum and monitoring the content of the aluminum ions in a water sample.
Has the advantages that:
the method of the invention comprises the following steps: polydopamine quantum dots (PDADs) are synthesized at room temperature by using Dopamine (DA) as a unique precursor, the synthesis process is simple, flexible and controllable, and the quantum yield is high. The formed PDADs can identify glutamic acid and aluminum ions with high sensitivity and selectivity. In addition, the fluorescent probe is successfully applied to determining the content of glutamic acid in human serum and monitoring the content of aluminum ions in water samples. The fluorescent probe has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high chemical stability, high biocompatibility, high selectivity and the like.
The invention discloses preparation and application of polydopamine quantum dots, and develops a smart and controllable method for synthesizing PDADs with high fluorescence quantum yield by detecting the fluorescence property of the polydopamine quantum dots formed by autoxidation at room temperature.
The polydopamine quantum dot can be used for identifying glutamic acid and aluminum ions with high sensitivity and selectivity, so far, no report on the aspect exists, and the detection method has strong creativity. The fluorescence of the polydopamine quantum dots can be quickly and effectively quenched by glutamic acid, the fluorescence of the polydopamine quantum dots can be recovered by adding aluminum ions into a quenching system of the polydopamine quantum dots and the glutamic acid, and the fluorescent probe is applied to determining the content of the glutamic acid in human serum and monitoring the content of the aluminum ions in a water sample.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a TEM image of polydopamine quantum dots prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an AFM image of polydopamine quantum dots prepared in example 2;
FIG. 3 is an XPS plot of polydopamine quantum dots prepared in example 3;
FIG. 4 is a FT-IR plot of polydopamine quantum dots prepared in example 4;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the UV absorption intensity spectrum of the polydopamine quantum dot prepared in example 5;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the UV absorption intensity spectrum of the polydopamine quantum dot prepared in example 6;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the UV absorption intensity spectrum of the polydopamine quantum dot prepared in example 7;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the UV absorption intensity spectrum of the polydopamine quantum dot prepared in example 8;
FIG. 9 is a graph of UV absorption intensity spectrum of polydopamine quantum dots prepared in example 9;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the fluorescence intensity emission spectrum of the polydopamine quantum dot prepared in example 10;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the fluorescence intensity emission spectrum of the polydopamine quantum dot prepared in example 11;
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the fluorescence intensity emission spectrum of the polydopamine quantum dot prepared in example 12;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the fluorescence intensity emission spectrum of polydopamine quantum dots prepared in example 13;
FIG. 14 is a graph showing the fluorescence intensity emission spectrum of the polydopamine quantum dot prepared in example 14;
FIG. 15 is a graph showing fluorescence intensity emission spectra of polydopamine quantum dots added with different amino acids in example 15;
FIG. 16 is a time scan of the reaction of polydopamine quantum dots with glutamic acid prepared in example 16;
FIG. 17 is a graph showing fluorescence intensity emission spectra of polydopamine quantum dot and glutamic acid systems in example 17 with different metal ions added;
FIG. 18 is a time scan of the reaction of polydopamine quantum dot and glutamic acid system with aluminum ion added in example 18;
FIG. 19 is a graph of fluorescence intensity emission spectra of human serum supplemented with glutamic acid and polydopamine quantum dots at different concentrations;
FIG. 20 is a graph showing fluorescence intensity emission spectra of a system in which aluminum ions and polydopamine quantum dots and glutamic acid are added at different concentrations in lake water
In fig. 21, a is a schematic diagram of the synthesis of the polydopamine quantum dot, and b is a schematic diagram of the nano fluorescent probe for detecting glutamic acid and aluminum ions.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1: and weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. Ultrasonically treating the prepared polydopamine quantum dots for one hour, freezing and drying, dripping a certain amount of polydopamine quantum dots on a silicon chip, and using a TEM (transmission electron microscope) for characterization; as in fig. 1.
Example 2: and weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. Ultrasonically treating the prepared polydopamine quantum dots for one hour, freezing and drying, and taking a certain amount of polydopamine quantum dots to be characterized by AFM; as shown in fig. 2.
Example 3: and weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. Carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the prepared polydopamine quantum dots for one hour, freezing and drying, and taking a certain amount of polydopamine quantum dots to characterize by using XPS (XPS); as shown in fig. 3.
Example 4: and weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. Ultrasonically treating the prepared polydopamine quantum dots for one hour, freezing and drying, dripping a certain amount of polydopamine on a silicon chip, and using FT-IR for characterization; as shown in fig. 3.
Example 5: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for 20 days under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The prepared polydopamine quantum dots are measured by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer to draw an absorption intensity curve, as shown in fig. 5.
Example 6: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for 40 days under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The prepared polydopamine quantum dots are measured by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer to draw an absorption intensity curve, as shown in fig. 6.
Example 7: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for 60 days under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The prepared polydopamine quantum dots are measured by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer to draw an absorption intensity curve, as shown in fig. 7.
Example 8: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for 80 days under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The prepared polydopamine quantum dots are measured by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer to draw an absorption intensity curve, as shown in fig. 8.
Example 9: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for 100 days under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The prepared polydopamine quantum dots are measured by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer to draw an absorption intensity curve, as shown in fig. 9.
Example 10: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for 20 days under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The prepared polydopamine quantum dots are measured by a fluorescence spectrophotometer to draw a fluorescence intensity curve, as shown in fig. 10.
Example 11: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for 40 days under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The prepared polydopamine quantum dots are measured by a fluorescence spectrophotometer to draw a fluorescence intensity curve, as shown in fig. 11.
Example 12: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for 60 days under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The prepared polydopamine quantum dots are measured by a fluorescence spectrophotometer to draw a fluorescence intensity curve, as shown in fig. 12.
Example 13: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for 80 days under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The prepared polydopamine quantum dots are measured by a fluorescence spectrophotometer to draw a fluorescence intensity curve, as shown in fig. 13.
Example 14: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for 100 days under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The prepared polydopamine quantum dots are measured by a fluorescence spectrophotometer to draw a fluorescence intensity curve, as shown in fig. 14.
Example 15: and weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. The method comprises the steps of taking 5 mu L of polydopamine quantum dots to 495 mu L of Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH 7.4), shaking uniformly, adding 2 mu L (0.1M) of various amino acids (1, none,2, Pro,3, Tyr,4, Ala,5, Leu,6, Val,7, Cys,8, Ser,9, Glu,10, Asp,11, Ile,12, Thr,13, Arg,14, Phe,15, His,16, Gly,17, Lys,18, Hcy,19, Asn,20, Gln, and 21, Met) into the polydopamine quantum dots, shaking uniformly, reacting for 5min, and drawing a fluorescence intensity graph through fluorescence spectrophotometer measurement, wherein the graph is shown in figure 15.
Example 16: and weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. mu.L of polydopamine quantum dots were put in 495. mu.L of Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.4), shaken well, and 2. mu.L (0.1M) of glutamic acid was added to measure the fluorescence intensity with time at a wavelength of 420nm, as shown in FIG. 16.
Example 17: and weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. Shaking 5 μ L polydopamine quantum dot and 2 μ L glutamic acid (0.1M) in 495 μ L Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH 7.4), reacting for 5min, and adding 5 μ L (0.1M) (1, Fe) of each metal ion3+,2,Fe2+,3,Ca2+,4,Cu2+,5,Co2+,6,Ni2+,7,Zn2+,8,Ag+,9, Cr+,10,Na+,11,none,12,K+,13,Mg2+,14,Na+,15,Hg2+,16,Pd+,17, Mn2+,and 18,Al3+(ii) a ) And reacting for 5min, and measuring by a fluorescence spectrophotometer to draw a fluorescence intensity graph, as shown in FIG. 17.
Example 18: and weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. mu.L of polydopamine quantum dots and 2. mu.L (0.1M) of glutamic acid were put in 495. mu.L of Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH 7.4) and shaken well to react for 5min, and then 5. mu.L (0.1M) of aluminum ions were added to measure the fluorescence intensity with time at a wavelength of 420nm, as shown in FIG. 18.
Example 19: and weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. Adding 1% human serum into 495 μ L of Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH 7.4) with 5 μ L polydopamine quantum dots, adding 0.4-1.8 μ M glutamic acid with different concentrations, shaking, reacting for 5min, and measuring by a fluorescence spectrophotometer to draw a fluorescence intensity graph, as shown in FIG. 19.
Example 20: and weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, and placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months under the condition that the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution is 50 mu M to form the polydopamine quantum dots. Adding 5 μ L polydopamine quantum dots and 2 μ L glutamic acid (0.1M) into 495 μ L lake water, adding aluminum ions of 0.5-5 μ M at different concentrations, shaking, reacting for 5min, and measuring by a fluorescence spectrophotometer to draw a fluorescence intensity chart, as shown in FIG. 20.
The invention is not limited to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions are within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a nano fluorescent probe of glutamic acid and aluminum ions based on polydopamine quantum dots is characterized by comprising the following steps: weighing 80-120 mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, enabling the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution to be 10-100 mu M, placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months to form polydopamine quantum dots, and carrying out ultraviolet absorption intensity detection, fluorescence intensity detection and photographing on the formed polydopamine quantum dots every 20 days.
2. The method for preparing the nano fluorescent probe based on glutamic acid and aluminum ions of the polydopamine quantum dot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: weighing 94.82mg of dopamine hydrochloride and deionized water at room temperature to prepare 10mL of mixed solution in a 20mL glass bottle, enabling the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the mixed solution to be 50 mu M, placing the mixed solution in a dark room for three months to form polydopamine quantum dots, and carrying out ultraviolet absorption intensity detection, fluorescence intensity detection and photographing on the formed polydopamine quantum dots every 20 days.
3. The application of the poly-dopamine quantum dot-based glutamic acid and aluminum ion nano fluorescent probe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the polydopamine quantum dot can be used for identifying glutamic acid and aluminum ions with high sensitivity and selectivity, the fluorescence of the polydopamine quantum dot can be quickly and effectively quenched by glutamic acid, the fluorescence of the polydopamine quantum dot can be recovered by adding the aluminum ions into a quenching system of the polydopamine quantum dot and the glutamic acid, and the fluorescent probe is applied to monitoring of the aluminum ion content in a water sample.
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