CN107966384B - Cement paste die filling and forming method - Google Patents
Cement paste die filling and forming method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for filling and forming cement paste, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing the cement paste with standard consistency according to national standards, then determining the cement paste amount m contained in a truncated cone test mould according to a specified method, then filling m +30g of the cement paste with standard consistency into the mould according to the same method, and then placing the test mould on a cement mortar fluidity tester for vibration for 75 times; taking down the test mold, scraping off the redundant clean slurry along the direction deviating from the circle center by using a scraper from the position of one third of the radius away from the circle center of the surface of the test mold, equally scraping off the redundant clean slurry for four times on the whole surface of the test mold according to the same method, wherein the included angle between the starting positions of the scrapers between two adjacent times is 90 degrees; respectively scraping redundant clean slurry twice from the circle center of the surface of the test mold clean slurry; and finally, lightly smearing the top part once from the edge of the surface of the test mold clear paste, and smearing the surface of the test mold clear paste. The method has the advantages of normative operation, good compactness and uniformity of the obtained slurry, avoidance of influence caused by artificial difference and improvement of the accuracy of the measurement result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a die filling and forming method, in particular to a die filling and forming method for cement paste in a truncated cone test die when cement setting time is measured.
Background
The basis for measuring the setting time of the general portland cement in the cement industry at present is GB/T1346-2011 inspection method for water consumption, setting time and stability of standard consistency of cement. When the setting time of cement is measured, firstly, the cement and water are mixed in a cement paste mixer to form paste with standard consistency, and then the paste is filled into a mould and formed. The method comprises the following steps:
firstly, die filling: and (3) stirring the cement paste with the standard consistency by using a cement paste stirrer, immediately taking a proper amount of cement paste after stirring, and filling the cement paste into a test mold which is arranged on a glass bottom plate at one time, wherein the paste exceeds the upper end of the test mold.
The die filling method has the following defects: after cement paste is mixed in a cement paste mixer, the cement paste is immediately taken out and filled into a mold, the slurry is uneven because stirring blades move upwards from the slurry and the paste scraped by the stirring blades falls into a pot, and the like, and the slurry is taken out and filled into the mold without manual stirring, so that holes in the slurry are more; the amount of the cement paste (the proper amount and the amount exceeding the upper end of the test mold) taken in the mold filling process can be different according to the understanding of people, so that the amount of the cement paste filled in the mold is different, and the difference of the slurry stress in the mold during the molding process is caused; the method for filling the cement paste into the test mould is not specific, and the stress condition of the cement paste is uncertain.
(II) forming:
(1) gently patting the slurry exceeding the test mold for 5 times by using a straight-edge knife with the width of about 25mm to eliminate pores in the slurry; (2) then slightly sawing off the excessive clean pulp from the upper surface of the test mould at about 1/3 inclined to the test mould, and slightly wiping the top part from the edge of the test mould once to smooth the surface of the clean pulp. During the sawing off of excess paste and the troweling operation, care is taken not to compact the paste.
The molding method has the following defects: lightly beating the slurry exceeding a test mold for 5 times by using a straight edge knife with the width of about 25mm, wherein the straight edge knife is not enough to eliminate pores in the slurry, and different individual beating modes have different air exhaust effects; and (3) when cement paste exceeding the height of the test mold is still arranged in the middle of the test mold in the step (2), the cement paste exceeding the test mold is easy to be adhered with the cement paste below the test mold, pores are increased, and the surface of the paste is not easy to be smooth.
In order to overcome the defects that slurry stress in the mold is different and the comparability of experimental results is poor due to different mold filling and forming methods, the invention improves the mold filling and forming of the stirred net slurry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing method for measuring the setting time of the cement paste is not specific during the die filling and forming, the slurry stress in the die is different due to different people, the comparability of experimental results is poor, when the paste surface is smoothed, the cement paste exceeding the height of the die is still arranged in the middle of the test die, the cement paste exceeding the test die is easily adhered to the cement paste below the test die, the pores are increased, and the paste surface is not easy to be smooth, and provides the method for filling and forming the cement paste with good paste compactness and uniformity and standard operation.
The purpose of the invention and the technical problem to be solved are realized by adopting the following technical scheme. According to the invention, the cement and water are mixed into the pure cement paste with standard consistency in the pure cement paste mixer; the standard consistency is based on GB/T1346-2011 inspection method for water consumption, setting time and stability of standard consistency of cement; the die filling and forming method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the net cement mortar amount m contained in the truncated cone test mold, wherein the method comprises the following steps: placing the truncated cone test mold with the big end facing downwards on a glass plate for standby, placing the stirring pot on the side of an experiment table, holding the outer side surface of the upper part of the stirring pot by one hand, inserting the other hand into the stirring pot along the inner wall of the stirring pot by a straight-edge cutter with the width of 25mm, wrapping the straight-edge cutter with clean slurry, stirring the clean slurry along the inner wall of the stirring pot for 15 circles, wrapping the clean slurry with the straight-edge cutter, and transferring the clean slurry to the truncated cone test mold at one time; inserting straight-edge cutters obliquely into the space between the inner wall of the test mold and the clean cement paste along the inner wall of the test mold, and then longitudinally obliquely inserting and tamping the clean cement paste for 10 times equally along the circumference of the inner wall of the test mold, wherein the lifting height of each straight-edge cutter is the same under each inserting and tamping for 2 times; vibrating the test mold, scraping off excessive clean slurry on the surface of the test mold, leveling and forming, then enabling the big end of the test mold to face downwards, extruding the clean slurry onto a weighing disc, and weighing to obtain the mass mg of the clean slurry contained in the truncated cone test mold;
(2) die filling: placing the big end of a test mould downwards on a glass plate, taking out the cement paste stirred in a stirring pot, placing the cement paste on a weighing disc, weighing m +30g, wiping the stirring pot completely or taking another new clean stirring pot, placing the cement paste with the standard consistency weighed on the weighing disc back into the stirring pot for stirring again, placing the side of the stirring pot on an experiment table, holding the outer side surface of the upper part of the stirring pot by one hand, inserting the other hand into the stirring pot along the inner wall of the stirring pot by a straight-edge knife with the width of 25mm, wrapping the straight-edge knife with the paste for stirring for 15 circles along the inner wall of the stirring pot, and transferring the paste to a truncated cone test mould once by wrapping the straight-edge knife; inserting straight-edge cutters obliquely into the space between the inner wall of the test mold and the clean cement paste along the inner wall of the test mold, and then longitudinally obliquely inserting and tamping the clean cement paste for 10 times equally along the circumference of the inner wall of the test mold, wherein the lifting height of each straight-edge cutter is the same under each inserting and tamping for 2 times;
(3) molding:
(3.1) placing the truncated cone test mold filled in the step (2) and the glass plate on a cement mortar fluidity tester for vibration for 75 times; then taking down the glass plate and the test mold, holding the test mold by one hand, scraping redundant clean slurry by the other hand from the position which is one third of the radius of the clean slurry surface of the test mold and is far away from the center of the circle in a sawing mode by using a scraper, scraping the redundant clean slurry around the whole clean slurry surface of the test mold for four times, starting from the position which is one third of the radius of the clean slurry surface of the test mold and is far away from the center of the circle, wherein the included angle between the starting positions of the scrapers between two adjacent times is 90 degrees;
(3.2) scraping redundant clean slurry around the surface of the test mold for four times, wherein the redundant clean slurry left on the surface of the test mold clean slurry is square, and scraping the redundant clean slurry along the direction deviating from the circle center in a sawing mode twice respectively from the circle center of the surface of the test mold clean slurry;
and (3.3) finally, lightly smearing the top once from one side edge of the test mold paste surface to the other side edge, and smearing the test mold paste surface.
The object of the present invention and the technical problems solved thereby can be further achieved by the following technical measures.
In the cement paste die-filling and forming method, the lifting height of the straight-edge cutter in the step (2) is 1-1.5cm each time.
In the cement paste die-filling and molding method, the scraper in the step (3.1) is perpendicular to the surface of the paste.
In the cement paste die-filling and molding method, the scraper and the surface of the paste form an included angle of 30 degrees in the step (3.3).
All utensils in contact with the cement paste in the process are cleaned and wiped with a damp cloth before use.
By means of the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) after the cement paste is filled into the mould, the mould is vibrated for a specified number of times by a certain method on a specific instrument, and air bubbles are removed. The operation process is standard, the compactness and uniformity of the cement paste are improved in the vibration process, and the measurement result of the cement setting time is more comparable.
(2) The invention adopts unified and standard operation, on one hand, the measuring result is not different from person to person, on the other hand, the phenomena of uneven slurry, more holes and uneven distribution in the slurry caused by the fact that the stirring blades move upwards from the slurry and the clean slurry scraped by the stirring blades falls into the stirring pot and the like can be avoided, and the slurry in the test mould is uniformly stressed and is not different from person to person, thereby improving the stress condition of the cement slurry, improving the uniformity of the slurry, reducing the error of the measuring result and improving the accuracy of the cement setting time measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a truncated cone test mold for measuring setting time according to the present invention placed on a setting tester for cement consistency.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the blade start position and the method of scraping off excess slurry in step (3.1);
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the blade start position and the method of scraping excess slurry in step (3.2);
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the blade start position and the method of scraping off excess clean slurry in step (3.3).
In fig. 1, 1: the sliding rod 2: and (3) testing a mold: glass plate
In fig. 2 to 4, line a represents a doctor blade.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the concrete implementation, structure, features and effects of the cement paste filling and forming method according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Example 1
Firstly, mixing cement and water in a cement paste mixer to prepare a paste with standard consistency; the standard consistency is based on GB/T1346-2011 inspection method for water consumption, setting time and stability of standard consistency of cement. The die filling and forming method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the net cement mortar amount m contained in the truncated cone test mold, wherein the method comprises the following steps: placing the truncated cone test mold with the big end facing downwards on a glass plate for standby, placing the stirring pot on the side of an experiment table, holding the outer side surface of the upper part of the stirring pot by one hand, inserting the other hand into the stirring pot along the inner wall of the stirring pot by a straight-edge cutter with the width of 25mm, wrapping the straight-edge cutter with clean slurry, stirring the clean slurry along the inner wall of the stirring pot for 15 circles, wrapping the clean slurry with the straight-edge cutter, and transferring the clean slurry to the truncated cone test mold at one time; inserting straight-edge cutters obliquely into the space between the inner wall of the test mold and the cement paste along the inner wall of the test mold, and then longitudinally obliquely inserting and tamping the cement paste for 10 times equally along the inner wall of the graphite for 2 times each time, wherein the lifting heights of the straight-edge cutters are the same and are 1 cm; vibrating the test mold, scraping off excessive clean slurry on the surface of the test mold, leveling and forming, then enabling the big end of the test mold to face downwards, extruding the clean slurry onto a weighing disc, and weighing to obtain 300.9g of clean cement slurry contained in the truncated cone test mold;
(2) die filling: placing the big end of a test mould downwards on a glass plate, taking out the cement paste stirred in a stirring pot, placing the cement paste on a weighing disc, weighing 330.9g, wiping the stirring pot clean or taking another new clean stirring pot, placing 330.9g of the cement paste with standard consistency weighed on the weighing disc back into the stirring pot for stirring again, placing the side of the stirring pot on an experiment table, holding the outer side surface of the upper part of the stirring pot by one hand, inserting the other hand into the stirring pot along the inner wall of the stirring pot by a straight-edge cutter with the width of 25mm, wrapping the straight-edge cutter with the paste, stirring for 15 circles along the inner wall of the stirring pot, and then wrapping the paste with the straight-edge cutter, and transferring the paste into a truncated cone test mould at one time; inserting straight-edge cutters obliquely into the space between the inner wall of the test mold and the cement paste along the inner wall of the test mold, and then longitudinally obliquely inserting and tamping the cement paste for 10 times equally along the inner wall of the test mold for 2 times each time, wherein the lifting heights of the straight-edge cutters are the same and are 1 cm;
(3) molding:
(3.1) placing the truncated cone test mold and the glass plate after the mold filling in the step (2) on a cement mortar fluidity tester for vibration for 75 times; then taking down the glass plate and the test mold, holding the test mold by one hand, scraping off redundant clean slurry by the other hand from the position of one third radius away from the circle center of the clean slurry surface of the test mold in a sawing mode by using a scraper which is vertical to the clean slurry surface, scraping off the redundant clean slurry around the whole clean slurry surface of the test mold for four times, starting from the position of one third radius away from the circle center of the clean slurry surface of the test mold each time, wherein the included angle between the starting positions of the scrapers between two adjacent times is 90 degrees;
(3.2) scraping redundant clean slurry around the surface of the test mold for four times, wherein the redundant clean slurry left on the surface of the test mold clean slurry is square, and scraping the redundant clean slurry along the direction deviating from the circle center in a sawing mode twice respectively from the circle center of the surface of the test mold clean slurry;
and (3.3) finally, lightly smearing the top once from one side edge of the surface of the test mold paste to the other side edge, forming an included angle of 30 degrees between the scraper and the surface of the paste, and smearing the surface of the test mold paste.
Curing the formed cement paste in a cement constant temperature (20 +/-1 ℃) and constant humidity (the relative humidity is not lower than 90%) curing box for 2 percent, demolding and drying to obtain the cement paste with the mass m1Then soaking the formed and dried cement paste in anhydrous kerosene for 24 hours, and weighing the cement paste with mass m2Calculating the oil absorption rate of the slurry as follows: (m)2-m1)÷m1×100％＝(276.0301-251.9525)÷251.9525×100％＝9.56％。
Example 2
The vibration frequency of the cement paste forming method is changed to 100 times, and the other steps are the same as those of the example 1, and the measured oil absorption rate of the paste is as follows: (m)2-m1)÷m1×100％＝(279.8025-255.9157)÷255.9157×100％＝9.33％。
Example 3
The vibration frequency of the cement paste forming method is changed to 125 times, and the oil absorption rate of the paste is measured as follows in the same way as in example 1: (m)2-m1)÷m1×100％＝(277.4502-253.5669)÷253.5669×100％＝9.42％。
Example 4
The vibration frequency of the cement paste forming method is changed to 50 times, and the other steps are the same as those of the example 1, and the measured oil absorption rate of the paste is as follows: (m)2-m1)÷m1×100％＝(269.3004-243.6039)÷243.6039×100％＝10.55％。
Example 5
The vibration frequency of the cement paste forming method is changed to 25 times, and the other steps are the same as those of the example 1, and the oil absorption rate of the paste is measured as follows: (m)2-m1)÷m1×100％＝(245.1957-220.8017)÷220.8017×100％＝11.05％。
Example 6
Three different experimenters A, B and C are subjected to repeated experiments according to the method of the embodiment 1, and the same truncated cone test model is used in the experiments; a, B and C are respectively tested, the cement paste is subjected to die filling and forming, and the oil absorption rate is tested, and the obtained oil absorption rate is respectively shown in the following table 1:
example 7
Obtaining the formed cement paste by a national standard method, curing the cement paste in a constant temperature (20 +/-1 ℃) and constant humidity (the relative humidity is not lower than 90%) curing box for 2 hours, demoulding and drying to obtain the cement paste with mass m1Soaking the formed and dried cement paste in anhydrous kerosene for 24 hours, and weighing the cement paste with mass m2And calculating the oil absorption rate of the slurry obtained by the national standard method as follows: (m)2-m1)÷m1×100％＝(266.7206-238.9631)÷238.9631×100％＝11.62％。
Comparing the results of the above examples 1-7, it can be seen that the oil absorption rate of the formed cement slurry obtained by the method of the present invention is significantly lower than that obtained by the national standard method when the vibration frequency is 75-125, which indicates that the technical effect of the method of the present invention is better than that obtained by the national standard method, and a dense and uniform slurry can be obtained. However, from 75 to 125 times, the change of the oil absorption rate is not large, and from the viewpoint of energy conservation and consumption reduction, 75 times is selected as the better vibration times. Through the embodiment 6, different people use the same experimental apparatus and experimental method, the obtained slurry has small oil absorption error, the method has good reproducibility, the difference caused by human factors is small and can be ignored, the operation process of the method is standard, and the accuracy of the measurement result cannot be influenced by different operators.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications and variations without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A cement paste filling and forming method, firstly, mixing cement and water in a cement paste mixer to prepare the paste with standard consistency according to GB/T1346 plus 2011 inspection method for water consumption, setting time and stability of cement standard consistency; the method is characterized in that: the die filling and forming method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the net cement mortar amount m g contained in the truncated cone test model, wherein the method comprises the following steps: placing the truncated cone test mold with the big end facing downwards on a glass plate for standby, placing the stirring pot on the side of an experiment table, holding the outer side surface of the upper part of the stirring pot by one hand, inserting the other hand into the stirring pot along the inner wall of the stirring pot by a straight-edge cutter with the width of 25mm, wrapping the straight-edge cutter with clean slurry, stirring the clean slurry along the inner wall of the stirring pot for 15 circles, wrapping the clean slurry with the straight-edge cutter, and transferring the clean slurry to the truncated cone test mold at one time; inserting straight-edge cutters obliquely into the space between the inner wall of the test mold and the cement paste along the inner wall of the test mold, and then longitudinally obliquely inserting and tamping the cement paste for 10 times equally along the inner wall of the test mold for 2 times each time, wherein the lifting heights of the straight-edge cutters are the same and are 1 cm; vibrating the test mold, scraping off excessive clean slurry on the surface of the test mold, leveling and forming, then enabling the big end of the test mold to face downwards, extruding the clean slurry onto a weighing disc, and weighing to obtain m g mass of the clean slurry contained in the truncated cone test mold;
the method of the step (3) specifically comprises the following steps: placing the truncated cone test mold and the glass plate on a cement mortar fluidity tester to vibrate for 75 times after the mold is filled; then taking down the glass plate and the test mold, holding the test mold by one hand, scraping off redundant clean slurry by the other hand from the position which is one third of the radius of the circle center of the clean slurry surface of the test mold, wherein the scraper is vertical to the clean slurry surface and scrapes off the redundant clean slurry in a sawing mode along the direction which is deviated from the circle center, the redundant clean slurry on the periphery of the whole clean slurry surface of the test mold is scraped off for four times, the angle formed by the starting positions of the scrapers between two adjacent times is 90 degrees from the position which is one third of the radius of the circle center of the clean slurry surface of the test mold each; scraping redundant clean slurry around the surface of the test mold for four times, wherein the redundant clean slurry on the surface of the test mold clean slurry is square, and scraping the redundant clean slurry in a sawing mode along the direction deviating from the circle center twice respectively from the circle center of the surface of the test mold clean slurry; finally, lightly smearing the top from one side edge of the clean slurry surface of the test mold to the other side edge once, wherein an included angle of 30 degrees is formed between a scraper and the clean slurry surface, and smearing the clean slurry surface of the test mold;
(2) die filling: placing the big end of a test mould on a glass plate downwards, taking out the cement paste stirred in a stirring pot, placing the cement paste on a weighing disc, weighing m g +30g, wiping the stirring pot clean or taking another new clean stirring pot, placing m g +30g of the cement paste with standard consistency weighed on the weighing disc back into the stirring pot for stirring again, placing the stirring pot on the side of an experiment table, holding the outer side surface of the upper part of the stirring pot by one hand, inserting the other hand into the stirring pot along the inner wall of the stirring pot by a straight-edge knife with the width of 25mm, wrapping the straight-edge knife with the paste for stirring for 15 circles along the inner wall of the stirring pot, and transferring the paste to a truncated cone test mould in one step by wrapping the straight-edge knife; inserting straight-edge cutters obliquely into the space between the inner wall of the test mold and the cement paste along the inner wall of the test mold, and then uniformly dividing the straight-edge cutters into 10 times of longitudinally obliquely inserted and tamped paste along the inner wall of the test mold for 2 times of inserting and tamping, wherein the lifting heights of the straight-edge cutters are the same and are 1-1.5 cm;
(3) molding:
(3.1) placing the truncated cone test mold filled in the step (2) and the glass plate on a cement mortar fluidity tester for vibration for 75 times; then taking down the glass plate and the test mold, holding the test mold by one hand, scraping off redundant clean slurry by the other hand from the position which is one third of the radius of the circle center of the clean slurry surface of the test mold, wherein the scraper is vertical to the clean slurry surface and scrapes off the redundant clean slurry in a sawing mode along the direction which is deviated from the circle center, the redundant clean slurry on the periphery of the whole clean slurry surface of the test mold is scraped off for four times, the angle formed by the starting positions of the scrapers between two adjacent times is 90 degrees from the position which is one third of the radius of the circle center of the clean slurry surface of the test mold each;
(3.2) scraping redundant clean slurry around the surface of the test mold for four times, wherein the redundant clean slurry left on the surface of the test mold clean slurry is square, and scraping the redundant clean slurry along the direction deviating from the circle center in a sawing mode twice respectively from the circle center of the surface of the test mold clean slurry;
and (3.3) finally, lightly smearing the top once from one side edge of the surface of the test mold paste to the other side edge, forming an included angle of 30 degrees between the scraper and the surface of the paste, and smearing the surface of the test mold paste.
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| CN106431099A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2017-02-22 | 天津市北方园林生态环境工程研究院 | Water-permeable and air-permeable type ecological concrete and preparation method therefor |
| CN105466745A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 天津大学 | Cement-based material I-type test piece restraining shrinkage test mold and method |
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