CN107959729B - Crop growth environment monitoring system and method based on wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Crop growth environment monitoring system and method based on wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a crop growth environment monitoring system and method based on a wireless sensor network, wherein the system comprises an environment monitoring device, a base station and a monitoring center, wherein the environment monitoring device comprises a plurality of sensor nodes positioned at points to be measured, and the sensor nodes are used for acquiring environment information of the points to be measured and sending the environment information to the base station; the base station is in wireless connection with the monitoring center and is used for receiving and processing the environmental information sent by the sensor nodes and sending the processed environmental information to the monitoring center. The invention realizes the wireless monitoring of the crop growth environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural monitoring, in particular to a crop growth environment monitoring system and method based on a wireless sensor network.
Background
The main problems of the current crop growth environment monitoring system are as follows: one is the lack of a monitoring system with sufficiently fine coverage; secondly, the intelligent and networking degree of the monitoring system is not enough. At present, sensors in a crop growth environment monitoring system are connected with a monitoring station in a wired mode, the number and the placement positions of the sensors are fixed, and it is impossible to obtain any local environmental parameters in a crop growth environment. And the crop growth environment monitoring system needs to have a professional to regularly monitor the data at the master control station, so that the labor cost is increased, and the reliability is not guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a crop growth environment monitoring system and method based on a wireless sensor network.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the crop growth environment monitoring system based on the wireless sensor network comprises an environment monitoring device, a base station and a monitoring center, wherein the environment monitoring device comprises a plurality of sensor nodes located at points to be measured, and the sensor nodes are used for acquiring environment information of the points to be measured and sending the environment information to the base station; the base station is in wireless connection with the monitoring center and is used for receiving and processing the environmental information sent by the sensor nodes and sending the processed environmental information to the monitoring center.
Preferably, the monitoring center is connected with an information transceiver.
Preferably, the monitoring center comprises a data storage module, a data analysis module and a control module, wherein the data storage module is used for storing the environmental information received from the base station into a built-in database; the data analysis module is used for comparing the environment information with a corresponding threshold value preset by the data analysis module; and the control module is used for controlling the information transceiver to send the alarm short message to the user terminal when the environmental information exceeds the corresponding threshold value.
The invention also provides a crop growth environment monitoring method based on the wireless sensor network, which comprises the following steps:
(1) determining a crop growth environment monitoring area, arranging a plurality of points to be tested in the crop growth environment monitoring area, and arranging sensor nodes at each point to be tested;
(2) a plurality of sensor nodes construct a wireless sensor network for sensing and acquiring environmental information of a point to be measured through a topology evolution mechanism;
(3) the sensor node senses and collects the environmental information of the point to be measured, and finally sends the environmental information of the point to be measured to the base station in a multi-hop forwarding mode;
(4) the base station receives and processes the environmental information of the points to be measured, which is sent by each sensor node, and sends the processed environmental information to the monitoring center;
(5) the monitoring center continuously scans the environmental information entering the database within the latest refreshing time period, compares the environmental information with the preset threshold values of various parameters, judges that the environmental information is abnormal if the environmental information exceeds the threshold values, and controls the information transceiver connected with the monitoring center to send an alarm short message to the user terminal when the environmental information exceeds the corresponding threshold values.
Optionally, the environmental information includes temperature, humidity, and light intensity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can be used for completing real-time comprehensive monitoring of the crop growth environment, and the adopted monitoring method can take timely measures for changes of the crop growth environment.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a crop growth environment monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring center according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring a crop growth environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the environment monitoring device comprises an environment monitoring device 1, a base station 2, a monitoring center 3, an information transceiver 4, a data storage module 10, a data analysis module 20 and a control module 30.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the crop growth environment monitoring system based on the wireless sensor network provided in this embodiment includes an environment monitoring device 1, a base station 2, and a monitoring center 3, where the environment monitoring device 1 includes a plurality of sensor nodes located at points to be measured, and the sensor nodes are used to collect environment information of the points to be measured and send the environment information to the base station 2; the base station 2 is in wireless connection with the monitoring center 3 and is used for receiving and processing the environmental information sent by the sensor nodes and sending the processed environmental information to the monitoring center 3.
Optionally, the monitoring center 3 is connected with an information transceiver 4.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the monitoring center 3 includes a data storage module, a data analysis module, and a control module, wherein the data storage module is configured to store the environmental information received from the base station 2 into a built-in database; the data analysis module is used for comparing the environment information with a corresponding threshold value preset by the data analysis module; and the control module is used for controlling the information transceiver 4 to send an alarm short message to a preset user terminal when the environmental information exceeds the corresponding threshold value.
Referring to fig. 3, the invention further provides a crop growth environment monitoring method based on the wireless sensor network, which comprises the following steps:
s01 determining a crop growth environment monitoring area, arranging a plurality of points to be measured in the crop growth environment monitoring area, and arranging sensor nodes at each point to be measured;
s02, constructing a wireless sensor network for sensing and collecting the environmental information of the point to be measured by a plurality of sensor nodes through a topology evolution mechanism;
s03, sensing and acquiring the environmental information of the point to be measured by the sensor node, and finally sending the environmental information of the point to be measured to the base station in a multi-hop forwarding mode;
the S04 base station receives and processes the environmental information of the point to be measured sent by each sensor node, and sends the processed environmental information to the monitoring center;
s05, the monitoring center continuously scans the environmental information entering the database in the latest refreshing time, compares it with the preset various parameter threshold value, if it exceeds the threshold value, it is judged as abnormal, when the environmental information exceeds the corresponding threshold value, the monitoring center controls the information transceiver connected with it to send the alarm short message to the user terminal.
Optionally, the environmental information includes temperature, humidity, and light intensity.
The greenhouse fine crop growth environment monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for completing real-time comprehensive monitoring of the crop growth environment, and the adopted monitoring method can take timely measures to the change of the crop growth environment.
In one embodiment, the topology evolution mechanism specifically includes:
s001, at the initial moment, the base station 2 and the sensor nodes nearby the base station form an initial topology together;
s002, adding a sensor node into the current topology every time a time step is passed;
s003, the newly added sensor node adjusts the communication radius of the sensor node according to the current residual energy, determines the sensor node of the current topology within the communication radius range, and classifies the sensor node into a neighbor node set;
s004 the newly added sensor nodes calculate the probability that each sensor node in the neighbor node set is selected to be connected;
s005 selecting m from neighbor node set according to calculated probability from large to small sequence0A sensor node is connected, wherein m0<m, wherein m is the number of sensor nodes contained in the neighbor node set;
s006 continues to perform steps S002 to S005 until N1Each sensor node joining the topology, where N0+N1N, wherein N0The number of the sensor nodes included in the initial topology is N, and the number of the sensor nodes deployed in the set monitoring area is N.
In the related technology, the connectivity distribution function in the scale-free network has a power rate form, and the degree of the nodes has no characteristic length, so that the sensor network topology constructed based on the scale-free performance of the complex network can enable the network to have higher random survivability, and the number of the connection links among the nodes is less, thereby reducing the communication waste. Although the method improves the network performance in the aspect of random survivability, due to the uneven degree distribution, energy consumption of some key nodes is huge, and the key nodes die early to cause the failure of the network. The embodiment is further improved on the basis of the method, and a new topology evolution mechanism is provided to construct the wireless sensor network topology.
In one embodiment, the probability that a sensor node is selected for connection is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, ΛzA neighbor node set representing a newly added sensor node z, ii (x) representing the probability that the x-th sensor node in the neighbor node set is selected for connection, DxIs the node degree, W, of the x-th sensor nodexFor the current residual energy of the x-th sensor node, B (x, z) is the distance between the x-th sensor node and a newly added sensor node z, B (x, sink) is the distance between the x-th sensor node and the base station 2, y represents the y-th sensor node in the neighbor node set, DyIs the node degree, W, of the y-th sensor nodeyFor the current remaining energy of the yth sensor node, B (y, z) is the distance between the yth sensor node and the newly added sensor node z, B (y, sink) is the distance between the yth sensor node and the base station 2, a1、a2Is a preset weight coefficient.
The topological structure of the wireless sensor network is the basis for the survival of the wireless sensor network, and limited energy of the sensor nodes can cause the energy exhaustion and failure of the sensor nodes to cause topological segmentation, so that a calculation formula of the probability of the selected connection of new sensor nodes is defined when the topological structure of the wireless sensor network is constructed;
according to the probability calculation formula, the probability of the selected connection of the sensor nodes is related to the current residual energy, the node degree, the distance between the nodes and the distance between the sensor nodes and the base station 2, when the current residual energy of the sensor nodes is larger, the node degree is larger, the distance between the nodes is smaller and the distance between the sensor nodes and the base station 2 is closer, the probability of the selected connection is larger, the newly added sensor nodes are facilitated to be firstly connected with the sensor nodes which consume less energy and more residual energy, the generated topology can balance network energy consumption, the energy consumption of monitoring the crop growth environment is reduced, and the reliability of monitoring the crop growth environment is improved.
In one embodiment, the base station 2 and the sensor nodes in the vicinity thereof form an initial topology, specifically: will be less than B from base station 2TThe sensor node of (A) directly constructs a topological connection edge with the base station 2, wherein BTIs a set distance threshold.
In another embodiment, the base station 2 and the sensor nodes in its vicinity together form an initial topology, specifically:
(1) the base station 2 determines the utility value of each nearby node, wherein the nearby node is less than B from the base station 2TThe sensor node of (1);
wherein, let RpRepresenting the utility value, R, of a nearby node ppThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the formula, WpIs the current residual energy of the nearby node p, B (p, sink) is the distance of the nearby node p to the base station 2, WelecIs a radio frequency transmission coefficient, epsilonampAmplification factor of the transmitting circuit of the sensor node, Bp-maxThe distance between the nearby node p and the farthest neighbor node;
(2) setting a utility value threshold RTWill satisfy Rp>RTTogether with the base station, form an initial topology.
The embodiment limits the construction mode of the initial topology of the wireless sensor network, because the residual energy of the sensor nodes and the distance from the base station 2 will affect the life cycle of the sensor nodes, the embodiment selects the sensor nodes for constructing the initial topology according to the utility value, and only the sensor nodes meeting the requirements of the current residual energy and the distance from the base station 2 participate in the construction of the initial topology, so that the stability of the initial topology can be ensured, the survivability of the initial topology is improved, the energy consumption of the wireless sensor network is balanced, and the generated wireless sensor network topology can collect the environmental information more reliably.
In one embodiment, the communication radius of the sensor node can be at L1<L2<…<LNContinuously switching between them.
In one embodiment, the adjusting of the communication radius of the newly added sensor node according to the current remaining energy specifically includes:
(1) the newly added sensor node acquires the current residual energy of each sensor node in the current topology;
(2) calculating communication radius estimation value according to current residual energy, and setting LiCommunication radius estimate, L, representing newly added sensor node iiThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the formula, WiFor the current remaining energy of the newly added sensor node i, WjIs the current remaining energy, n, of the jth sensor node within the current topologyiRepresenting the number of sensor nodes of the current topology;
(3) if L isn<Li<Ln+1Wherein L is1≤Ln<Ln+1≤LNAnd the newly added sensor node adjusts the communication radius of the sensor node to be Ln+1。
The embodiment provides a communication radius adjusting mechanism of a newly added sensor node, the newly added sensor node adjusts the communication radius of the sensor node through the mechanism, the failure of the newly added sensor node due to the excessive consumption of energy can be prevented, the reliability of topology enhancement is facilitated, and the wireless sensor network is facilitated to be changed to the energy-saving direction, so that the cost of environment information acquisition is facilitated to be saved, and the safety and the reliability of crop growth environment monitoring are improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The crop growth environment monitoring system based on the wireless sensor network is characterized by comprising an environment monitoring device, a base station and a monitoring center, wherein the environment monitoring device comprises a plurality of sensor nodes located at points to be measured, and the sensor nodes are used for acquiring environment information of the points to be measured and sending the environment information to the base station; the base station is in wireless connection with the monitoring center and is used for receiving and processing the environmental information sent by the sensor nodes and sending the processed environmental information to the monitoring center; a plurality of sensor nodes positioned at the point to be measured construct a wireless sensor network for sensing and collecting the environmental information of the point to be measured through a topology evolution mechanism; the topology evolution mechanism specifically includes:
s001, at the initial moment, the base station and the sensor nodes nearby the base station form an initial topology together;
s002, adding a sensor node into the current topology every time a time step is passed;
s003, the newly added sensor node adjusts the communication radius of the sensor node according to the current residual energy, determines the sensor node of the current topology within the communication radius range, and classifies the sensor node into a neighbor node set;
s004 the newly added sensor nodes calculate the probability that each sensor node in the neighbor node set is selected to be connected;
s005 selecting m from neighbor node set according to calculated probability from large to small sequence0A sensor node is connected, wherein m0<m, wherein m is the number of sensor nodes contained in the neighbor node set;
s006 proceeds to step S002 to S005 through N1Each sensor node joining the topology, where N0+N1N, wherein N0The number of the sensor nodes contained in the initial topology is N, and the number of the sensor nodes deployed in a set monitoring area is N;
the probability that a sensor node is selected for connection is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, ΛzA neighbor node set representing a newly added sensor node z, ii (x) representing the probability that the x-th sensor node in the neighbor node set is selected for connection, DxIs the node degree, W, of the x-th sensor nodexFor the current residual energy of the x-th sensor node, B (x, z) is the distance between the x-th sensor node and a newly added sensor node z, B (x, sink) is the distance between the x-th sensor node and a base station, y represents the y-th sensor node in a neighbor node set, DyIs the node degree, W, of the y-th sensor nodeyFor the current residual energy of the yth sensor node, B (y, z) is the distance between the yth sensor node and a newly added sensor node z, B (y, sink) is the distance between the yth sensor node and a base station, a1、a2Is a preset weight coefficient;
the base station and the sensor nodes nearby the base station form an initial topology together, and the initial topology specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the base station determines the utility value of each nearby node, wherein the nearby node is less than B from the base stationTThe sensor node of (1);
wherein, let RpRepresenting the utility value, R, of a nearby node ppThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the formula, WpIs a neighboring nodeThe current residual energy of point p, B (p, sink) is the distance from the nearby node p to the base station, WelecIs a radio frequency transmission coefficient, epsilonampAmplification factor of the transmitting circuit of the sensor node, Bp-maxThe distance between the nearby node p and the farthest neighbor node;
(2) setting a utility value threshold RTWill satisfy Rp>RTTogether with the base station, form an initial topology.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the monitoring center is connected with an information transceiver.
3. The crop growth environment monitoring system based on the wireless sensor network as claimed in claim 2, wherein the monitoring center comprises a data storage module, a data analysis module and a control module, wherein the data storage module is used for storing the environment information received from the base station into a built-in database; the data analysis module is used for comparing the environment information with a corresponding threshold value preset by the data analysis module; and the control module is used for controlling the information transceiver to send the alarm short message to the user terminal when the environmental information exceeds the corresponding threshold value.
4. A crop growth environment monitoring method based on a wireless sensor network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining a crop growth environment monitoring area, arranging a plurality of points to be tested in the crop growth environment monitoring area, and arranging sensor nodes at each point to be tested;
(2) a plurality of sensor nodes construct a wireless sensor network for sensing and acquiring environmental information of a point to be measured through a topology evolution mechanism;
(3) the sensor node senses and collects the environmental information of the point to be measured, and finally sends the environmental information of the point to be measured to the base station in a multi-hop forwarding mode;
(4) the base station receives and processes the environmental information of the points to be measured, which is sent by each sensor node, and sends the processed environmental information to the monitoring center;
(5) the monitoring center continuously scans the environmental information entering the database within the latest refreshing time period, compares the environmental information with various preset parameter threshold values, judges that the environmental information is abnormal if the environmental information exceeds the threshold values, and controls an information transceiver connected with the monitoring center to send an alarm short message to the user terminal when the environmental information exceeds the corresponding threshold values;
the topology evolution mechanism specifically includes:
s001, at the initial moment, the base station and the sensor nodes nearby the base station form an initial topology together;
s002, adding a sensor node into the current topology every time a time step is passed;
s003, the newly added sensor node adjusts the communication radius of the sensor node according to the current residual energy, determines the sensor node of the current topology within the communication radius range, and classifies the sensor node into a neighbor node set;
s004 the newly added sensor nodes calculate the probability that each sensor node in the neighbor node set is selected to be connected;
s005 selecting m from neighbor node set according to calculated probability from large to small sequence0A sensor node is connected, wherein m0<m, wherein m is the number of sensor nodes contained in the neighbor node set;
s006 continues to perform steps S002 to S005 until N1Each sensor node joining the topology, where N0+N1N, wherein N0The number of the sensor nodes contained in the initial topology is N, and the number of the sensor nodes deployed in a set monitoring area is N;
the probability that a sensor node is selected for connection is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, ΛzA set of neighbor nodes representing a newly added sensor node z,ii (x) represents the probability that the x-th sensor node in the set of neighbor nodes is selected for connection, DxIs the node degree, W, of the x-th sensor nodexFor the current residual energy of the x-th sensor node, B (x, z) is the distance between the x-th sensor node and a newly added sensor node z, B (x, sink) is the distance between the x-th sensor node and a base station, y represents the y-th sensor node in a neighbor node set, DyIs the node degree, W, of the y-th sensor nodeyFor the current residual energy of the yth sensor node, B (y, z) is the distance between the yth sensor node and a newly added sensor node z, B (y, sink) is the distance between the yth sensor node and a base station, a1、a2Is a preset weight coefficient;
the base station and the sensor nodes nearby the base station form an initial topology together, and the initial topology specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the base station determines the utility value of each nearby node, wherein the nearby node is less than B from the base stationTThe sensor node of (1);
wherein, let RpRepresenting the utility value, R, of a nearby node ppThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the formula, WpIs the current residual energy of the nearby node p, B (p, sink) is the distance from the nearby node p to the base station, WelecIs a radio frequency transmission coefficient, epsilonampAmplification factor of the transmitting circuit of the sensor node, Bp-maxThe distance between the nearby node p and the farthest neighbor node;
(2) setting a utility value threshold RTWill satisfy Rp>RTTogether with the base station, form an initial topology.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the environmental information includes temperature, humidity and light intensity.
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| CN109151754A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-04 | 广州市花林景观工程有限公司 | Farm environment high precision wireless monitors system |
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