CN107950039B

CN107950039B - Device, method and computer program for providing transmission parameters between vehicles

Info

Publication number: CN107950039B
Application number: CN201680049932.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: A.科切克
Original assignee: Volkswagen AG
Current assignee: Volkswagen AG
Priority date: 2015-08-27
Filing date: 2016-08-26
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-26
Also published as: KR20180044368A; DE102015114285A1; WO2017032875A1; EP3342195A1; US10484850B2; US20180242127A1; CN107950039A; KR102045032B1; EP3342195B1; DE102015114285B4

Abstract

Embodiments relate to a device (10), a method and a computer program for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication of a motor vehicle (100) of the motor vehicle (100). A device (10) for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication of a motor vehicle (100) comprises a first radio interface (12) for data communication of the motor vehicle with other motor vehicles via a first data communication protocol and at a first transmission capacity. The device (10) also comprises a second radio interface (14) for data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via a second data communication protocol and with a second transmission capacity, wherein the second transmission capacity is greater than the first transmission capacity. The device (10) further comprises means (16) which are designed to obtain data messages relating to the state of the motor vehicles around the motor vehicle (100) via the first radio interface (12). The data message includes a pseudonymous certificate of the vehicle-to-vehicle data communication. These pseudonymous certificates enable the temporary identification of motor vehicles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle (100). The device (16) is also designed to provide transmission parameters, which relate to the data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via the second radio interface, via the first radio interface (12) on the basis of the pseudonymous certificate on the basis of the addressing of the other motor vehicle.

Description

Device, method and computer program for providing transmission parameters between vehicles

Technical Field

Embodiments relate to a device, a method and a computer program for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication of a motor vehicle.

Background

Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication (also known in english as Car2Car, C2C or Vehicle2Vehicle, V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure communication (also known in english as Car2Infrastructure, C2I or Vehicle2Roadside, V2R) are the focus of automotive research in the 21 st century. Communication between vehicles or traffic infrastructure enables new possibilities, such as coordination of vehicles with one another or communication of vehicles with the traffic infrastructure, for example in order to provide vehicles with congestion warnings. For C2C or C2I (also summarized as Vehicle-to-X communication, also known in english as Car2X, C2X or Vehicle2X, V2X), the Vehicle has a transmitting and receiving unit in order to be able to communicate with other vehicles, for example via a direct radio connection or a mobile radio system. In this case, the data communication can be limited to a radius of several hundred meters, for example, between vehicles or between a vehicle and a traffic infrastructure. Periodic status messages, so-called Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAM), are often used to transmit the status of a vehicle, for example the position of the vehicle. Communication between the vehicles via C2C or C2I can take place encrypted and can be protected by Certificates, for example, Long-Term Certificates (LTC) or just time-limited valid Pseudonymous Certificates (PC).

Modern vehicles are often equipped with sensors which record various data of the motor vehicle, for example speed, acceleration, fuel consumption or position, but also more data-intensive data, such as video data or distances from the vehicles surrounding the vehicle. In some cases, the data may be too large to be transmitted in a timely manner by techniques designed for status messages.

Disclosure of Invention

Thus, there is a need for: an improved design is provided in order to enable the transmission of data with higher requirements on transmission capacity or delay. This need is taken into account by the apparatus, the method and the computer program according to the independent claims.

In some embodiments, the data connection is established for data transfer over a direct device-to-device connection. Embodiments are based on the transmission of transmission parameters between motor vehicles via a first radio interface, for example based on a vehicle-to-vehicle communication system. In at least some embodiments, a data connection may be established based on these transmission parameters.

In this case, the motor vehicle needs to be addressed for the transmission of the transmission parameters. Here, embodiments use pseudonymous certificates that are periodically sent in a cooperative awareness message in vehicle-to-vehicle communications. The CAM includes a pseudonym assigned to the vehicle, along with a motion vector and a location. In at least some embodiments, the vehicle determines a map of the surrounding vehicle based on the location and the motion vector. Here, some embodiments may use a pseudonymous certificate in order to uniquely address the vehicle through the vehicle-to-vehicle interface, and in order to request transmission of sensor data over the mobile radio channel.

Embodiments may achieve this, for example, by providing transmission parameters via the first radio interface, which relate to data communication over the second radio interface. The device for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication may be configured according to an embodiment as: the vehicle is communicated with other vehicles via the first radio interface and via the second radio interface. The first radio interface may provide direct communication between the vehicles with a smaller data transmission capacity, for example, while the second radio interface may provide data communication with a larger transmission capacity, but may require a dedicated connection setup before the data transmission, for example. If, for example, data are to be transmitted which make a larger transmission capacity necessary, the device can transmit the transmission parameters to the other motor vehicle and, based on the transmission parameters, establish a data communication connection with the other motor vehicle via the second radio interface.

Embodiments provide an apparatus for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication for an automotive vehicle. The device comprises a first radio interface for data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via a first data communication protocol and at a first transmission capacity. The device comprises a second radio interface for data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via a second data communication protocol and with a second transmission capacity. The second transmission capacity is greater than the first transmission capacity. The device comprises means which are designed to obtain data messages via the first radio interface regarding the state of the motor vehicle surrounding the motor vehicle. The data message includes a pseudonymous certificate of the vehicle-to-vehicle data communication. A pseudonymous certificate enables a temporary identification of the motor vehicle in the vicinity of the motor vehicle. The device is also designed to provide transmission parameters based on the pseudonymous certificate and the addressing of the other vehicle via the first radio interface, wherein the transmission parameters relate to data communication between the vehicle and the other vehicle via the second radio interface. The device may for example implement: the vehicles surrounding the motor vehicle are identified on the basis of their pseudonymous certificates and the transmission parameters are transmitted to the vehicles by means of the transmission parameters (as addressing). For example, if data necessary for a larger transmission capacity should be transmitted, the control module can be configured to transmit these transmission parameters. For example, the control module can be designed to identify the motor vehicle around which the data message is to be sent by means of a pseudonymous certificate and to address or address the motor vehicle around which the data message is to be sent by means of the pseudonymous certificate.

Embodiments provide an apparatus for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication for an automotive vehicle. The device comprises a first radio interface for data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via a first data communication protocol and at a first transmission capacity. The device also comprises a second radio interface for data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via a second data communication protocol and with a second transmission capacity. The second transmission capacity is greater than the first transmission capacity. The device also comprises means for providing transmission parameters via the first radio interface, said transmission parameters relating to data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via the second radio interface. The device may for example implement: a second data communication connection is established between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle, for example, in order to transmit sensor data for which the transmission capacity of the first radio interface is insufficient.

In some embodiments, the apparatus is configured to: data messages relating to the state of the motor vehicle surrounding the motor vehicle are obtained via the first radio interface. These data messages may comprise, for example, the (temporary) identifier, the position and the motion vector of the motor vehicle surrounding the motor vehicle, or may comprise, for example, a prompt for available sensor data, which may be transmitted, for example, via the second radio interface.

In some embodiments, these data messages may include digital short-term certificates for temporary identification of vehicles in the vicinity of the vehicle. The apparatus may be configured to: the transmission parameters are provided to the other vehicle based on the digital short-term certificate. The device may use, for example, a digital short-term certificate to address a data message to a particular recipient over a communication channel shared by a plurality of vehicles. On this basis, the receiver can establish a data communication connection, for example, via the second radio interface.

In at least some embodiments, the digital short-term certificate may correspond to a pseudonymous certificate of vehicle-to-vehicle data communication. If the pseudonymous certificates have already been used by other vehicles when providing data messages, these pseudonymous certificates can be recognized by the vehicle, for example, and can thus be used for addressing other vehicles. The pseudonymous certificate can be valid for example in a limited time, and a motor vehicle can use several pseudonymous certificates at the same time. The pseudonymous certificate may for example comprise an identifier unique to the vehicle. The pseudonymous certificate may correspond, for example, to a temporarily valid sender certificate for the authentication of the motor vehicle.

In some embodiments, the data message regarding status may also include information regarding the location of the motor vehicle around the motor vehicle. The device can also be designed to transmit the transmission parameters also on the basis of the information about the location and on the basis of the location of the motor vehicle. The device can, for example, compare the position of the motor vehicle around the motor vehicle with the position of the motor vehicle and determine whether sensor data of the motor vehicle around the motor vehicle are relevant or interesting for the motor vehicle, and provide the transmission parameters on the basis of the importance.

In at least some embodiments, the data message regarding status can also include information regarding available sensor measurements. The device may also be configured to transmit these transmission parameters also based on information about available sensor measurements. The device may be configured, for example, as: the transmission parameters are transmitted to a motor vehicle whose sensor data are important or interesting for the motor vehicle.

In some embodiments, the first interface may correspond to a vehicle-to-vehicle interface. The data message about the status may for example correspond to a cooperative sensing message, a CAM. The CAM may contain information about the state, position, motion vectors or short-term credentials for identification of the motor vehicle, which the CAM already provides. The device may use this information in order to establish the second communication interface and to provide transmission parameters for this purpose.

In at least some embodiments, the device can be further configured to establish a data communication connection with other vehicles over the second radio interface. For example, sensor data or data messages of motor vehicles surrounding the motor vehicle can be transmitted via the data communication link.

In at least some embodiments, the apparatus may be configured to: data messages relating to the state of the motor vehicle surrounding the motor vehicle are obtained via the first radio interface. The apparatus may be further configured to: data messages relating to the state of the motor vehicles surrounding the motor vehicle are provided to the other motor vehicles via the second radio interface. By forwarding the data message, the device can, for example, expand the transmission range of other motor vehicles, or can forward the data message to a motor vehicle or a data aggregation site, which is connected to the internet, for example.

In some embodiments, the second radio interface may correspond to a mobile radio interface with a 5 th generation (5G) mobile radio system. The apparatus may be configured to: a direct device-to-device connection is established over the second radio interface. Direct device-to-device connection may for example enable the use of 5G radio technology in areas where no 5G radio zone is provided.

In some embodiments, the first radio interface may correspond to a direct vehicle-to-vehicle radio interface. A direct vehicle-to-vehicle radio interface can, for example, enable communication with vehicles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle. The second radio interface may correspond to an interface with a cellular mobile radio system. Cellular mobile radio systems can, for example, enable a higher transmission capacity between motor vehicles or, for example, a connection to the internet.

In at least some embodiments, the cellular mobile radio system may correspond to a global system for mobile communications (GSM), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), long term evolution mobile radio system (LTE), long term evolution advanced mobile radio system (LTE-a), or 5 th generation (5G) mobile radio system. Cellular mobile radio systems can, for example, enable a higher transmission capacity between motor vehicles or, for example, a connection to the internet.

In some embodiments, the first radio interface may be configured for direct data communication with other vehicles. This may, for example, enable data, such as data messages relating to the state of the vehicle, to be transmitted simultaneously to a plurality of recipients.

The first radio interface may be designed, for example, for direct data communication in accordance with IEEE802.11 p (the 802.11p standard of the institute of electrical and electronics engineers). The first radio interface may, for example, enable direct data transfer between vehicles.

The second radio interface may be configured for direct or indirect data communication with other vehicles. For example, the dependency on the base station and the delay can be reduced by direct data communication. Indirect data communication allows for greater range.

Embodiments also provide a method for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication of a motor vehicle with other motor vehicles. The method comprises the following steps: data messages relating to the state of the motor vehicle surrounding the motor vehicle are obtained via the first radio interface. The data message includes a pseudonymous certificate of the vehicle-to-vehicle data communication. The pseudonymous certificate enables a temporary identification of the motor vehicles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle (vehicles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle which provide the pseudonymous certificate). The method further comprises the following steps: based on the pseudonymous certificate, transmission parameters are provided from the motor vehicle to the other motor vehicle and via the first radio interface, said transmission parameters relating to the data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via the second radio interface. The first radio interface is used for data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via a first data communication protocol and at a first transmission capacity. The second radio interface is used for data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via a second data communication protocol and with a second transmission capacity that is greater than the first transmission capacity. The method further comprises the following steps: a radio connection between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle is established via the second radio interface on the basis of the transmission parameters provided via the first radio interface.

Embodiments also provide a method for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication of a motor vehicle with other motor vehicles. The method comprises the following steps: the transmission parameters are provided from the motor vehicle to the other motor vehicle and via the first radio interface, said transmission parameters relating to the data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via the second radio interface. The first radio interface is used for data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via a first data communication protocol and at a first transmission capacity. The second radio interface is used for data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via a second data communication protocol and with a second transmission capacity that is greater than the first transmission capacity. The method further comprises the following steps: a radio connection between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle is established via the second radio interface on the basis of the transmission parameters provided via the first radio interface.

Embodiments also provide a program with a program code for performing the method when said program code is implemented on a computer, processor, controller or programmable hardware component.

Drawings

Subsequently, further advantageous embodiments are described in detail in terms of the embodiments shown in the figures, to which, however, the embodiments are generally not restricted. Wherein:

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication for an automotive vehicle;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of forwarding a data message; while

FIG. 3 illustrates a flow diagram of an embodiment of a method for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication for an automotive vehicle.

Detailed Description

Various embodiments are now described in more detail with reference to the appended drawings, in which some embodiments are shown. In the drawings, the thickness dimensions of lines, layers and/or regions may be exaggerated for clarity.

In the following description of the accompanying drawings, which illustrate only some exemplary embodiments, like reference numerals may designate like or similar parts. Furthermore, general reference numerals may be used for components and objects which appear in the embodiments or in the drawings a plurality of times, but are described in common with respect to one or more features. Components or objects that are described with the same or generalized reference numerals may be implemented identically, if necessary differently, with respect to a single, a plurality or all features (for example, the dimensions of the components or objects) as long as certain other aspects are not explicitly or implicitly derived from the description.

Although the embodiments may be modified and adapted in different ways, the embodiments are shown by way of example in the drawings and are described in detail in this connection. However, it should be clarified that: it is not intended to limit the embodiments to the separately disclosed forms but rather the embodiments are to cover all functional and/or structural modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the scope of the present invention. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements.

Note that: an element referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element may be directly connected or coupled to the other element or may have an element between them. And if an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Other terms used to describe relationships between elements should be construed in a similar manner (e.g., "between …" as opposed to "directly between," "adjacent" as opposed to "directly adjacent," etc.).

The terminology used in this regard is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and should not be limiting of the described embodiments. As used in this regard, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" should be taken to include the plural forms as well, provided that the context does not specifically state otherwise. In addition, it should be clarified that: as used in this regard, terms such as "comprising," "including … …," "having," and/or "… …" specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, workflows, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more features, integers, steps, workflows, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in this respect have the same meaning, unless otherwise defined, and are intended by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments pertain. In addition, it should be clarified that: terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, are to be interpreted as if the terms have a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The 5 th generation (5G) mobile radio system will be generalized anyway after a series of new designs and changes. Some planned designs include, for example, adaptively selecting frequencies and transmission paths and device-based data transmission that is not zone-based. Large amounts of data between devices can be transmitted over a Core Network (CN), for example. In some designs, millimeter wave transmission techniques may provide higher data rates with smaller range, while massive MIMO (multiple-input, multiple-output, massive communication with multiple inputs and outputs) may assist the network in achieving higher efficiency. In some designs, a more intelligent and efficient device takes over the routing task.

Here, the 5G mobile radio system will anyway have a higher data rate and higher reliability after a shorter delay than conventional mobile radio systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). In this case, devices, for example in machine-to-machine communication (M2M), can communicate directly with one another in some designs. Here, a symmetrical data connection can, for example, enable data traffic to be forwarded to a communication partner (relay in english).

In some cases, the transmission capacity of conventional vehicle-to-X data communication systems may be insufficient to exchange sensor data for future applications when data is exchanged between traffic members. At least some embodiments use direct Device-to-Device connections (also known as Device-to-Device), as may also be supported in the 5 th generation mobile radio systems, for transmitting sensor data between motor vehicles.

Fig. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication for an automotive vehicle 100. The vehicle-to-vehicle data communication may correspond, for example, to an exchange of vehicle data, such as a position, a motion vector, sensor data, and the like, between vehicles. These vehicle data may correspond, for example, to vehicle-to-vehicle communication standards, such as those of the group Car2Car, e.g., standards EN 302637-2, EN 302637-3, EN 302663, EN 302636-4-1/2, EN 302636-5-1, EN 302636-6-1, TS 102539-1, TS 102539-2, or TS 102539-3, which are registered in the european telecommunications standards institute.

The device comprises a first radio interface 12 for data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via a first data communication protocol and at a first transmission capacity. The device also comprises a second radio interface 14 for data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via a second data communication protocol and with a second transmission capacity. The second transmission capacity is greater than the first transmission capacity. In a preferred embodiment, the first radio interface 12 corresponds to a direct vehicle-to-vehicle radio interface. The first radio interface 12 may be designed, for example, for direct data communication with other motor vehicles, for example, according to IEEE802.11 p. The second radio interface 14 may for example correspond to an interface with a cellular mobile radio system. The second radio interface 14 may be designed, for example, for direct or indirect data communication with other motor vehicles. The direct data communication may correspond, for example, to data communication in which only the device 10 and the other motor vehicle are involved. Indirect data communication may for example correspond to communication via other entities, for example via a base station or a network of a mobile radio operator. In some embodiments, connections that have been established by means of a base station (e.g., by assigning radio resources), but are otherwise only made between the device 10 and other motor vehicles, may be considered direct data connections. In some embodiments, the first radio interface 12 may enable transmission of data messages over a shared channel, and/or the first radio interface 12 may enable transmission of data messages without extensive connection establishment, and/or the first radio interface 12 may correspond to a distributor-radio interface (also called broadcast in english) for distributing data messages to a plurality of recipients. In some embodiments, the first radio interface 12 may communicate via frequencies in the 5.9GHz frequency range (e.g., between 5.85GHz and 5.925 GHz).

The device further comprises means 16 for providing transmission parameters via the first radio interface 12, said transmission parameters relating to data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via the second radio interface.

The device 16 is designed to obtain data messages via the first radio interface 12 regarding the state of the motor vehicle surrounding the motor vehicle 100. The data message comprises, for example, a pseudonymous certificate of the vehicle-to-vehicle data communication. The pseudonymous certificate can enable a temporary identification of the motor vehicles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle 100. The provision of the transmission parameters may be based on the addressing of other vehicles based on a pseudonymous certificate.

For example, if data necessary for a larger transmission capacity should be transmitted, the control module 16 can be configured to transmit these transmission parameters.

In at least some embodiments, the transmission parameters may include at least one element of the group consisting of frequency resources, frequency bands, modulation, time resources, antenna direction, beam parameters (also called beamforming parameters in english), protocols, and auxiliary capabilities of the second radio interface 14. In some embodiments, the device 16 may be configured to: the transmission parameters are determined, for example, based on observing a frequency range across the second radio interface 14, and/or the apparatus 16 may be configured to: the transmission parameters are obtained, for example, from a base station of the mobile radio system.

In some embodiments, the first interface 12 may correspond to a vehicle-to-vehicle interface, for example for direct communication between motor vehicles. The motor vehicle can exchange data messages with the motor vehicles in its surroundings, for example, via the first interface 12. The data message may include, for example, the status of the vehicle (such as position and motion vectors). Cooperative aware messages (i.e., periodic data messages that a vehicle sends to make the presence of the vehicle known to other vehicles) are examples of such data messages. These data messages can, for example, obtain current information about the motor vehicle, such as position and motion vectors, but can also obtain sensor data, such as acceleration, speed, etc., for example. The device 16 may be configured, for example, as: data messages (datagrams) relating to the state of the motor vehicle in the vicinity of the motor vehicle 100 are obtained via the first radio interface 12.

Some sensors, such as video sensors, may generate data volumes that cannot be transmitted by such periodic data messages due in part to their size. For example, the sensor data may also have a requirement for an upper limit on the delay that cannot be followed by periodic data messages, for example when forwarding video data for remote control of the vehicle or as a visual aid to other vehicles.

In this case, for example, the device 16 may be configured to: data communication connections with other motor vehicles are established over the second radio interface. These sensor data may then be transmitted over a second radio interface, for example, which provides a larger transmission capacity. The transmission capacity can be a relatively large bandwidth or a relatively large number of vehicles transmitting simultaneously, which can be achieved, for example, by using Beam-forming (Beam-forming), so that a spatial division of the transmission spectrum can provide a relatively large transmission capacity. In some embodiments, the second radio interface may also have less delay than the first radio interface, for example if the first transmission protocol is based on periodic data messages (such as CAM).

In some embodiments, the data message regarding status may also include information regarding available sensor measurements. In many cases, not all sensor measurements are equally important for all vehicles or driving situations. Video data of vehicles driving ahead may make the overtaking process more reliable, for example in driving situations with poor visibility, but video data of vehicles driving ahead may otherwise be unused, for example. Or different vehicles may have different presentation or analysis devices. The device 16 may also be configured to transmit these transmission parameters also based on information about available sensor measurements. For example, the device 16 may be configured to: for example, the transmission parameters are transmitted to the motor vehicle whose available sensor data are important for the motor vehicle 100 in the current or foreseeable driving situation before the passing process or when entering the highway entrance.

In some embodiments, the data message regarding status may also include information regarding the location of the motor vehicles around the motor vehicle 100. The device 16 may also be configured to: these transmission parameters are also transmitted on the basis of the information about the location and on the basis of the location of the motor vehicle 100. The device 16 may be configured, for example, as: the motor vehicles in their surroundings are identified, the sensor data of which are important in certain driving situations. For example, it is thus possible, in the case of received data messages, to identify those sensor data which are transmitted by vehicles which are in the immediate vicinity of the motor vehicle 100 and which are moving, for example, in the same (or in opposite) direction. Based on the position of the vehicle, the device 16 can transmit, for example, transmission parameters and, for example, can establish a data connection via the second radio interface 14 in order to transmit important sensor data.

In at least one embodiment, the transmission of the transmission parameters is based on the identification of the other motor vehicle. In some embodiments, the data message may include a digital short-term certificate for temporary identification of the vehicles in the vicinity of the vehicle 100. The apparatus 16 may be configured to: the transmission parameters are provided to the other vehicle based on the digital short-term certificate. The digital short-term certificate may for example correspond to a pseudonymous certificate of the vehicle-to-vehicle data communication, which is for example comprised in a CAM. The pseudonymous certificate allows, for example, the authentication of vehicles which have already sent a CAM without explicit feedback to the sender. In some embodiments, the pseudonymous certificate is generated from a long-term certificate having a shorter validity duration than the long-term certificate, wherein a plurality of pseudonymous certificates are valid simultaneously and are used alternately in order to make tracking difficult.

For example, the device 16 may be configured to: the digital short-term certificates of the other vehicles are extracted into the data message, so that the other vehicles can determine, upon receiving the data message: the data message is determined for the other motor vehicle. This makes it possible, for example, to address other vehicles on a data channel with random access (random access channel or content-based channel). The other motor vehicle can then use the transmission parameters, for example, in order to establish a data connection with the motor vehicle 100.

In an exemplary implementation, the second radio interface 14 may correspond to, for example, a mobile radio interface with a 5 th generation, i.e. 5G, mobile radio system. The apparatus 16 may, for example, be configured to establish a direct device-to-device connection over the second radio interface 14. The device 16 may be configured, for example, as: the frequency band and frequency resources used for data transmission are identified by the second radio interface 14, for example, in order to determine data transmission resources that can be used for direct device-to-device communication. For this purpose, the device 16 can be designed, for example, to monitor the data transmission resources of a control channel used for the mobile radio system in order to find out whether there is network coverage of the mobile radio system. If the network coverage is not present, the apparatus 16 may determine the transmission parameters, for example, based on data transmission resources that can be used for direct device-to-device communication. The device 16 may use these data transmission resources, for example, in order to establish data connections with other vehicles.

In at least some embodiments, the device 16 can be configured to: the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the motor vehicle 100 or of the device 10 is provided to the other motor vehicles as or in addition to the transmission parameter. For example an IP address may be used in order to address the entity over the second radio interface 14. Other vehicles may use the IP address, for example, to establish a connection with the automobile 100 and/or the device 10. The device 16 may be configured, for example, as: the IP addresses of the other vehicles are obtained via the first radio interface 12. For example, other vehicles may be configured to: the IP address of the other vehicle is provided to the device 10 based on the pseudonymous certificate of the vehicle 100 or the IP address of the vehicle 100 or the device 10. The device 16 may be configured, for example, as: a direct connection is established with the other vehicle based on the IP address of the other vehicle, or a direct connection is established with the other vehicle, and the IP address is assigned to the other vehicle. For example, the IP address of the vehicle may be based on a pseudonymous certificate. In some embodiments, the device 16 is configured to: the connection is established and/or communication is conducted based on the IP address of the device 10 or vehicle 100 and the IP addresses of the other vehicles.

If the device 16 determines the network coverage of the mobile radio system, it can trigger a direct data connection, for example, via a base station of the mobile radio system, and can obtain the transmission parameters, for example, from the base station and provide the transmission parameters to the other motor vehicles via the first radio interface. The transmission parameters can comprise, for example, frequency resources or other data transmission resources which have already allocated the base station to the direct connection of the device 10 to other motor vehicles.

In some embodiments, the device 16 can be designed to provide data messages to other vehicles via the second radio interface 14 regarding the state of the vehicles in the vicinity of the vehicle 100. For example, the apparatus 16 may be configured to forward data messages over the second radio interface 14.

In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus 10 may be configured to make sensor data available for use in an autopilot assistance system of a vehicle. For the greatest possible automation, it is desirable, in addition to the additional sensor devices, to exchange sensor data with the surrounding vehicle in order to make driving comfortable. The operational capability of the communication technology can be used as a standard to determine how comfortable the travel function may be. For positioning, high-precision maps are often loaded into the vehicle by the background (server in the core network of the mobile radio system or in the enterprise network). In the opposite direction, the positioning data may be sent to the background to depict the current changes for autonomous driving in a map. In some embodiments, safety may be improved again by exchanging sensor data in such a way that the vehicle adjusts its own observations with those of other vehicles. Thus, in some embodiments, for example, it is possible to: in hybrid traffic, automatically and manually driven vehicles are operated, since vehicles which do not communicate are also identified and the driving behavior of the vehicle is communicated and preferably included in the plan. Safety-relevant communication between vehicles is made difficult in conventional mobile radio systems, since the end-to-end delay is excessive and has often risen drastically with only a suitable number of members in the area.

An end-to-end delay of the order of less than 10ms (target 1 ms) is desirable in order to enable a collaborative change plan in the case of an undesirable event, such as a ball or wildlife on a traffic lane. A traffic jam may necessitate the communication of thousands of members within a communication area. Thus, for example, in a 5km long traffic jam, there is a demand for communications on approximately 2500 vehicles and their passengers on a three-lane highway. It may be desirable to ensure that the communication is independent of the network operator and to improve reliability. At least some embodiments may enable the availability and distribution of sensor data by forwarding data messages regarding the sensor data that have been obtained via the first radio interface 12 or the second radio interface 14, also in areas that are poorly covered or not covered by the mobile radio system. In some embodiments, the device 16 may be configured to: data messages relating to the sensor data, which have already acquired the sensor data via the first radio interface 12 or the second radio interface 14, are forwarded to the motor vehicles in the vicinity of the motor vehicle 100 via the first radio interface 12 or the second radio interface 14. For example, the device 16 may also be configured to: data messages relating to map material are acquired via the first radio interface 12 or the second radio interface 14 and forwarded to the motor vehicles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle 100 via the first radio interface 12 or the second radio interface 14. This may for example enable comfort performance like at least partially automated driving, which may be more reliable, more efficient and environmentally less harmful than traditional mobility alone. For example, the device 16 may be configured to: transmission parameters are provided for forwarding over the first radio interface 12 and a connection is established over the second radio interface 14 based on these transmission parameters.

Fig. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a motor vehicle 100 comprising the device 10. The device 16 may be configured, for example, as: obtain data messages of other vehicles 202 and/or forward data messages to the other vehicles 202. The motor vehicle 202 also comprises a device 10, which device 10 is designed to forward data messages, for example to a motor vehicle 204 or to a base station 206 of a mobile radio system. Thus, exemplary implementation can be: the vehicle 100 forwards data messages with sensor data and/or in an exemplary embodiment the vehicle 100 without direct access to the mobile radio system may provide and/or obtain data messages, which may include sensor data, for example, via a base station 206 of the mobile radio system.

Highly automated driving may also be driving for an impaired person who is not able to drive the vehicle alone. Since it is also always possible for highly automated driving to require intervention by the vehicle driver, or autonomous driving is not possible due to the circumstances, remotely guided driving offers these persons an extreme improvement in their mobility. A real driver may sit at headquarters and control the vehicle through areas where autopilot is not possible. Furthermore, a driver in the vehicle may also take over guidance of the vehicle if the driver is no longer able to take over the guidance, for example for health reasons, myocardial infarction, diabetic shock, etc. Here, if the rescuer and the rescuer move in opposite directions, the rescue chain can be significantly shortened. In the case of conventional mobile radio systems, implementation based on delay and coverage problems seems impossible.

End-to-end delays on the order of less than 10ms (target 1 ms) seem necessary in order to enable remote guided driving without the driver at home suffering from nausea, hallucinations (which are also well known under "gaming sickness"), and based on delays between the steering signals and the reactions in the video presentation. It also seems desirable to ensure short-delay, high-resolution video transmission in traffic congestion situations. Communication independent of the network operator seems to be as desirable as improved reliability of data transmission.

At least some embodiments may enable the availability and distribution of sensor data with reduced latency by forwarding data messages regarding sensor data that has been obtained through the first radio interface 12 or the second radio interface 14 also in areas that are poorly covered by the radio system or not covered by the mobile radio system. In some embodiments, the device 16 may be configured to: data messages relating to sensor data, such as video sensor data, which have been acquired via the first radio interface 12 or the second radio interface 14, are forwarded to motor vehicles and/or infrastructure entities in the vicinity of the motor vehicle 100 via the first radio interface 12 or the second radio interface 14. For example, the device 16 may also be configured to: data messages relating to the video sensor data are acquired via the first radio interface 12 or the second radio interface 14 and forwarded via the first radio interface 12 or the second radio interface 14 to the motor vehicle or an infrastructure entity, such as a base station of a mobile radio system or a base station of a dispatch center of a traffic infrastructure surrounding the motor vehicle 100. This can, for example, also enable safety and mobility while driving for the user groups, which were excluded up to now. By using automotive communication technology for relaying, remotely guided driving can also be carried out in places where no network coverage of the mobile radio system is provided. For example, the device 16 may be configured to: transmission parameters are provided for forwarding over the first radio interface 12 and a connection is established over the second radio interface 14 based on these transmission parameters.

The motor vehicle, for example the motor vehicle 100, may correspond to a land vehicle, a water vehicle, an air vehicle, a rail vehicle, a road vehicle, a car, an off-road vehicle or a truck vehicle, for example.

In at least some embodiments, the cellular mobile radio system may correspond to, for example, a global system for mobile communications (GSM), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), long term evolution mobile radio system (LTE), long term evolution advanced mobile radio system (LTE-a), or 5 th generation (5G) mobile radio system. The cellular mobile radio system or also the mobile radio communication network may correspond to a mobile radio system, for example.

Thus, embodiments may use a radio interface configured for communicating data over a mobile radio system with a server or a computer or other communication partner, which may be implemented, for example, over the internet or World Wide Web (WWW) or other network. The mobile radio system may for example correspond to one of the mobile radio systems standardized by a corresponding standardization committee, such as the 3 rd generation partnership project (3 GPP) group. These mobile radio systems include, for example: global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN), Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) or evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) or LTE-enhanced (LTE-a), or also other standard mobile radio systems, such as Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WIMAX), IEEE802.16 or Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), IEEE802.11, and generally include systems based on Code Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)), or other technologies or Multiple Access. In the following, the terms mobile radio system, mobile radio network, mobile communication system and mobile radio system are used synonymously.

The device 16 may correspond to a control module or a computing module, for example. In embodiments, the apparatus 16 or control/computing module may correspond to any controller or processor or programmable hardware component. For example, the device 16 or the control/calculation module can also be implemented as software, which is programmed with corresponding hardware components. In this regard, the apparatus 16 or control/computation module may be implemented as programmable hardware with correspondingly adapted software. Any processor, such as a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), may be used herein. Embodiments are not limited to a certain type of processor herein. Any processor or processors are also contemplated for implementing the apparatus 16 or the control/computing modules.

FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication of a motor vehicle with other motor vehicles. The method comprises the following steps: data messages relating to the state of the motor vehicle surrounding the motor vehicle are obtained via the first radio interface. The data message includes a pseudonymous certificate of the vehicle-to-vehicle data communication. The pseudonymous certificate can enable a temporary identification of the motor vehicle in the vicinity of the motor vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: based on the pseudonymous certificate, transmission parameters are provided 22 from the motor vehicle to the other motor vehicle and via the first radio interface, said transmission parameters relating to the data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via the second radio interface. The first radio interface is used for data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via a first data communication protocol and at a first transmission capacity. The second radio interface is used for data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via a second data communication protocol and with a second transmission capacity that is greater than the first transmission capacity. The method further comprises the following steps: a radio connection between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle is established 24 via the second radio interface on the basis of the transmission parameters provided via the first radio interface.

Another embodiment is a computer program for performing at least one of the methods described above when the computer program runs on a computer, a processor or programmable hardware components. Another embodiment is also a digital storage medium which is machine-readable or computer-readable and which has electronically readable control signals which can be acted upon by programmable hardware components in such a way that one of the methods described above is carried out.

The features disclosed in the above description, in the following claims and in the accompanying drawings may be essential for the realization of the embodiments in different embodiments of the described features and may be realized both individually and in any combination.

Although some aspects have been described in relation to a device, it is readily understood that these aspects are also a description of a corresponding method, such that blocks (blocks) or devices of a device are to be understood as corresponding method steps or as features of method steps. Analogously thereto, aspects that have been described in relation to method steps are also a description of corresponding blocks or details or features of a corresponding device.

Embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware or in software, depending on certain implementation requirements. The implementation can be performed using a digital storage medium (for example, a Floppy Disk, a DVD, a Blu-Ray Disk, a CD, a ROM, a PROM, an EPROM, an EEPROM or a flash memory, a hard Disk, or another magnetic or optical memory, on which electronically readable control signals are stored, which interact with programmable hardware components or can interact such that the corresponding method is performed.

The Programmable hardware component may be formed by a processor, a Computer Processor (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a computer program, an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an Integrated Circuit (IC), a System On Chip (SOC), a Programmable logic device, or a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) having a microprocessor.

Thus, the digital storage medium may be machine-readable or computer-readable. Some embodiments therefore include a data carrier with electronically readable control signals capable of acting in conjunction with a programmable computer system or programmable hardware components to cause one of the methods described herein to be performed. Thus, one embodiment is a data carrier (either a digital storage medium or a computer-readable medium) having recorded thereon a program for executing one of the methods described herein.

In general, embodiments of the invention can be implemented as a program, firmware, computer program or computer program product having a program code or as data, wherein the program code or the data effectively performs one of the methods as follows: if the program runs on a processor or programmable hardware component. The program code or the data may also be stored on a machine-readable carrier or data carrier, for example. The program code or the data may be present in particular as source code, machine code or byte code, as well as other intermediate code.

Furthermore, another embodiment is a data stream, a signal sequence or a signal sequence, which is a program for carrying out one of the methods described in this respect. The data stream, the signal sequence or the signal sequence can be configured, for example, in such a way that it is transmitted via a data communication connection, for example via the internet or another network. Thus, an embodiment is also a signal column representing data that is suitable for being sent over a network or data communication connection, wherein the data is a program.

A program according to one embodiment may implement one of the methods, for example, during its execution, by: i.e. the program reads a memory location or writes data or data into these memory locations, thereby possibly causing a switching process or other processes in the transistor structure, amplifier structure or other electrical, optical, magnetic or operating according to another functional principle. Correspondingly, data, values, sensor values or other information can be detected, determined or measured by the program by reading of the memory location. Thus, a program may detect, determine or measure quantities, values, measured quantities and other information by reading from one or more memory locations, and by writing to one or more memory locations to cause, cause or perform operations on and manipulate other devices, machines and components.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. It is easy to understand that: modifications and variations of the arrangements and details described herein will be apparent to others skilled in the art (einleucoten). It is therefore intended that: the invention is to be limited only by the scope of protection of the following patent claims and not by the specific details which have been presented in this connection in terms of description and explanation of embodiments.

List of reference numerals

10 device

12 first radio interface

14 second radio interface

16 device

22 provide

24 establishment of

100 motor vehicle

202 other motor vehicles

204 other motor vehicles

206 base station.

Claims

1. Device (10) for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication of a motor vehicle (100), having the following features:

a first radio interface (12) for data communication between the motor vehicle and other motor vehicles via a first data communication protocol and at a first transmission capacity;

a second radio interface (14) for data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via a second data communication protocol and with a second transmission capacity, wherein the second transmission capacity is greater than the first transmission capacity; and

a device (16), the device (16) configured for:

obtaining a data message about the state of the motor vehicles around the motor vehicle (100) via the first radio interface (12),

wherein the data message comprises a pseudonymous certificate of the vehicle-to-vehicle data communication, wherein the pseudonymous certificate enables a temporary identification of motor vehicles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle (100), and

on the basis of the addressing of the other motor vehicle on the basis of the pseudonymous certificate, transmission parameters are provided via the first radio interface (12), which relate to the data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via the second radio interface.

2. The device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the control module (16) is configured to transmit the transmission parameter if data necessitating a larger transmission capacity should be transmitted.

3. The device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the data message about the status further comprises information about the position of the motor vehicle around the motor vehicle (100), and wherein the means (16) are further configured to: the transmission parameter is also transmitted on the basis of the information about the location and on the basis of the location of the motor vehicle (100).

4. The device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the data message on the status further comprises information on available sensor measurements, and wherein the means (16) are further configured to: the transmission parameters are also transmitted based on information about available sensor measurements.

5. The device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the first radio interface (12) corresponds to a vehicle-to-vehicle interface, and wherein the data message on the status corresponds to a cooperative awareness message, i.e. CAM.

6. The apparatus (10) of claim 1, wherein the device (16) is further configured to: a data communication connection with the other vehicle is established over the second radio interface.

7. The apparatus (10) of claim 6, wherein the device (16) is configured to: obtaining a data message about the state of the motor vehicles around the motor vehicle (100) via the first radio interface (12), and wherein the device (16) is further configured to: providing data messages to the other motor vehicles via the second radio interface (14) regarding the status of the motor vehicles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle (100).

8. Device (10) according to one of claims 6 or 7, wherein the second radio interface (14) corresponds to a mobile radio interface to a 5 th generation, 5G, mobile radio system, and wherein the means (16) are configured to establish a direct device-to-device connection over the second radio interface (14).

9. The device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the first radio interface (12) corresponds to a direct vehicle-to-vehicle radio interface, and/or wherein the second radio interface (14) corresponds to an interface with a cellular mobile radio system.

10. The apparatus (10) according to claim 9, wherein the cellular mobile radio system corresponds to: global system for mobile communications, GSM, universal mobile telecommunications system, UMTS, long term evolution mobile radio system, LTE, long term evolution advanced mobile radio system, LTE-a or 5 th generation, i.e. 5G, mobile radio system.

11. The device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 2,

wherein the first radio interface (12) is designed for direct data communication with the other vehicle,

wherein the first radio interface (12) is designed for direct data communication according to IEEE802.11 p,

and/or wherein the second radio interface (14) is configured for direct or indirect data communication with the other vehicle.

12. Method for vehicle-to-vehicle data communication of a motor vehicle with other motor vehicles, having the following steps:

obtaining data messages about the status of the motor vehicles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle via a first radio interface,

wherein the data message comprises a pseudonymous certificate of vehicle-to-vehicle data communication, wherein the pseudonymous certificate enables temporary identification of motor vehicles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle;

providing (22) transmission parameters from the motor vehicle to the other motor vehicle and via the first radio interface on the basis of addressing the other motor vehicle on the basis of the pseudonymous certificate, the transmission parameters relating to data communication between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle via a second radio interface,

wherein the first radio interface is used for data communication of the motor vehicle with the other motor vehicle via a first data communication protocol and with a first transmission capacity, and wherein the second radio interface is used for data communication of the motor vehicle with the other motor vehicle via a second data communication protocol and with a second transmission capacity that is greater than the first transmission capacity; and also

A radio connection between the motor vehicle and the other motor vehicle over the second radio interface is established (24) on the basis of the transmission parameters provided over the first radio interface.

13. Computer-readable medium having a program which, when implemented on a computer, processor, controller or programmable hardware component, performs the method according to claim 12.