CN107944108B - Ship cabin noise forecasting method based on statistical energy analysis - Google Patents

Ship cabin noise forecasting method based on statistical energy analysis Download PDF

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CN107944108B
CN107944108B CN201711129602.7A CN201711129602A CN107944108B CN 107944108 B CN107944108 B CN 107944108B CN 201711129602 A CN201711129602 A CN 201711129602A CN 107944108 B CN107944108 B CN 107944108B
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庞福振
田宏业
缪旭弘
王雪仁
于博天
陈海龙
霍瑞东
李海超
彭德炜
王娜
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Harbin Engineering University
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Abstract

The invention provides a ship cabin noise forecasting method based on statistical energy analysis. 1. Primarily constructing a ship cabin noise statistical energy analysis forecasting model by using ship drawing data; 2. performing local detail optimization on key assessment cabins and load areas in the constructed model to construct an external auxiliary sound cavity; 3. determining the vibration acceleration load and the sound power load of the equipment by using experimental tests; 4. determining loss factors in the steel plate and the acoustic cavity by using experimental tests or formula calculation; 5. establishing a microscopic acoustic analysis model of the outfitting material structure by using a transfer matrix method, and obtaining outfitting material acoustic parameters through sound absorption and sound insulation analysis; 6. setting the frequency response analysis as 1/3 octave frequency, and setting the calculation frequency as 31.5Hz-8 kHz; 7. and (4) performing ship cabin noise forecast analysis by using statistical energy analysis. The method can effectively improve the efficiency and the precision of the noise forecast of the ship cabin, and can be applied to the noise forecast and control of the ocean platform and the ship cabin.

Description

Ship cabin noise forecasting method based on statistical energy analysis
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ship cabin noise forecasting method, in particular to a ship cabin noise forecasting process based on statistical energy analysis.
Background
The prediction of cabin noise by using a statistical energy analysis method has become a relatively mature cabin forecasting method at present, which can divide a complex mechanical or acoustic system into different mode groups, and decompose a large system into a plurality of independent subsystems in a statistical sense instead of accurately determining the response of each mode one by one. The method fully utilizes the modal density of vibration and acoustic radiation on a frequency band with higher frequency, and is an effective method for solving the problem of wide-band dynamics of a complex system; the method can reasonably simulate both a vibration sound source and an air sound source, and can also reasonably simulate common vibration and noise reduction measures, definitions of acoustic outfitting materials and the like.
Although the statistical energy method is already applied to cabin noise calculation, there is still no cabin noise forecasting process with complete details and complete system. There are some reports published at present related to the present invention, mainly: document 1, a method of predicting ship cabin noise (stage 4 of 8 months 2008 of a ship); document 2, a ship cabin noise prediction method study based on statistical energy analysis (2016 (32 nd volume 4 th phase of ship and ocean engineering); document 3, ship noise prediction and control based on statistical energy analysis (ship and oceanographic engineering 2015 volume 31, phase 5); wherein: document 1 introduces advantages and disadvantages of cabin noise prediction using statistical energy analysis, and an evaluation effect on an actual ship, but does not relate to a specific cabin noise prediction flow; documents 2 and 3 set forth the basic theory of statistical energy analysis and briefly describe the cabin noise prediction method, but do not refer to the contents of model simplification, cabin division, equipment sound cavity construction and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ship cabin noise forecasting method based on statistical energy analysis, which has high forecasting efficiency and forecasting precision.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
step 1, preliminarily constructing a ship cabin noise statistical energy analysis forecasting model by using ship drawing data;
step 2, performing local detail optimization on key assessment cabins and load areas in the constructed model, and constructing an external auxiliary sound cavity;
step 3, determining the vibration acceleration load and the sound power load of the equipment by utilizing experimental tests;
step 4, determining the loss factors in the steel plate and the acoustic cavity by utilizing experimental tests or formula calculation;
step 5, establishing a micro acoustic analysis model of the outfitting material structure, namely a TMM/FTMM model, by using a transfer matrix method, and obtaining outfitting material acoustic parameters through sound absorption and sound insulation analysis;
step 6, setting the frequency response analysis as 1/3 octave frequency, and setting the calculation frequency as 31.5Hz-8 kHz;
and 7, forecasting and analyzing the noise of the ship cabin by using statistical energy analysis.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. step 2 further comprises:
2-1, thinning the cabins at five typical heights of 0.5m, 1.0m, 1.5m, 2.0m and 2.0m for key assessment cabins respectively, and constructing a sound cavity subsystem according to the thinned cabins;
2-2, at the position of the equipment, establishing an acoustic cavity subsystem and a plate shell subsystem according to the size of the equipment;
2-3, establishing an auxiliary sound cavity at an equipment exhaust port, and establishing the auxiliary sound cavity at the periphery of the ship body above a ship body waterline, wherein the equipment exhaust port comprises a host exhaust port and an exhaust fan exhaust port;
2. step 3 further comprises:
3-1, determining the equipment with the noise value exceeding 60dB as noise source equipment, obtaining the sound source level and the vibration acceleration level of the equipment through testing, and converting the sound source level into the sound power level, wherein the conversion formula is as follows:
LW＝LS+10*Lg(S1/S0)
wherein S is1＝2[2ac+2bc+2ab],S0＝0
In the formula:
Figure GDA0002694496040000021
c＝L3+d，d＝1m；
L1represents the length of the apparatus, L2Represents the device width, L3Representing device high, Lw represents sound power level, Ls represents sound source level;
and 3-2, applying the vibration acceleration of the equipment to a plate shell subsystem at the position of the equipment, and applying the radiation sound power to a corresponding sound cavity subsystem of the equipment.
3. Step 4 further comprises:
4-1, the loss factor of the steel plate is obtained by experimental tests and is (1-3) multiplied by 10-3；
4-2, calculating the loss factor in the acoustic cavity by using a formula:
Figure GDA0002694496040000022
where ω is the frequency of the center circle of the frequency band, T60For the reverberation time inside the acoustic cavity, f represents the frequency.
The invention provides a ship cabin noise forecasting process based on statistical energy analysis. Establishing a ship cabin noise statistical energy analysis forecasting model according to ship drawing data, and performing local detail optimization on a key check cabin and a load area; determining the vibration acceleration load and the sound power load of the equipment through experiments and tests; calculating and determining the steel plate, the loss factor in the acoustic cavity and the acoustic characteristic parameters of the outfitting material through experiments or formulas; setting the frequency response analysis as 1/3 octave frequency, setting the calculation frequency as 31.5Hz-8kHz, and performing cabin noise forecast analysis by using a statistical energy analysis method. The forecasting process can effectively improve the efficiency and the precision of the ship cabin noise forecasting, and can also be applied to the noise forecasting and the control of an ocean platform and a ship cabin.
The method can effectively improve the solving efficiency and the forecasting precision, and provides effective analysis means and basis for forecasting the noise of the ship cabin.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a ship cabin noise forecast;
FIG. 2 is a view of a cabin partial detail optimization;
FIG. 3 is a graph of a partial device acoustic power level spectrum;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a spectrum of acceleration levels of a portion of a device;
FIG. 5 is a graph of loss factor spectra in the cabin acoustic cavity;
FIG. 6 is a plot of outfitting material sound absorption coefficient spectra;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the sound insulation spectrum of the outfitting material;
fig. 8 is a partial cabin noise forecast value graph.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below by way of example.
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described by selecting a cabin of a ship, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
with reference to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow of forecasting the noise of the ship cabin based on statistical energy analysis in this embodiment, which specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, preliminarily constructing a ship cabin noise statistical energy analysis forecasting model according to ship drawing data.
And 2, performing local detail optimization on the key assessment cabin and the load area in the model, and constructing an external auxiliary sound cavity.
And 3, determining the vibration acceleration load and the sound power load of the equipment according to experimental tests.
And 4, calculating and determining loss factors in the steel plate and the acoustic cavity according to experimental tests or formulas.
And 5, establishing a micro acoustic analysis (TMM/FTMM) model of the outfitting material structure according to a transfer matrix method, and obtaining acoustic parameters of the outfitting material through sound absorption and sound insulation analysis, wherein the sound absorption coefficients of the three acoustic materials are shown in FIG. 6, and the sound insulation quantity is shown in FIG. 7.
And 6, setting the frequency response analysis as 1/3 octave frequency, and setting the calculation frequency as 31.5Hz-8 kHz.
And 7, performing ship cabin noise forecast analysis by using statistical energy analysis, wherein a part of cabin noise forecast numerical curves are shown in fig. 8.
As shown in fig. 2, step 2 includes:
2-1, for the key assessment cabins, refining the cabins at five typical heights of 0.5m, 1.0m, 1.5m, 2.0m and more than 2.0m respectively, and constructing a sound cavity subsystem according to the refined cabins.
2-2, at the position of the equipment, establishing an acoustic cavity subsystem and a plate shell subsystem according to the size of the equipment.
And 2-3, establishing auxiliary sound cavities at the air outlets of equipment such as a host machine air outlet, an exhaust fan air outlet and the like, and establishing the auxiliary sound cavities at the periphery of the ship body above the waterline of the ship body.
In fig. 2: a, cabin refinement; b-acoustic chamber at the equipment; c, an acoustic cavity at the exhaust port; d, ship structure; e-external auxiliary acoustic chamber.
Preferably, the step 3 comprises:
3-1, determining the equipment with the noise value exceeding 60dB as noise source equipment, obtaining the sound source level and the vibration acceleration level of the equipment through testing, and converting the sound source level into the sound power level, wherein the conversion formula is as follows:
LW＝LS+10*Lg(S1/S0)
wherein S is1＝2[2ac+2bc+2ab],S0＝0；
In the formula:
Figure GDA0002694496040000041
c＝L3+d,d＝1m；
L1represents the length of the apparatus, L2Represents the device width, L3Representing a device high.
The spectral curves of the acoustic power level and the acceleration spectrum of the partial device are shown in fig. 3 and 4.
And 3-2, applying the vibration acceleration of the equipment to a plate shell subsystem at the position of the equipment, and applying the radiation sound power to a corresponding sound cavity subsystem of the equipment.
Preferably, the step 4 comprises:
4-1, the loss factor of the steel plate is obtained by experimental tests and is about (1-3) multiplied by 10-3。
4-2, calculating the loss factor in the acoustic cavity by using a formula:
Figure GDA0002694496040000042
where ω is the frequency of the center circle of the frequency band, T60Is the reverberation time inside the acoustic cavity. The loss factor in a certain cabin sound cavity is shown in fig. 5.

Claims (3)

1. A ship cabin noise forecasting method based on statistical energy analysis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preliminarily constructing a ship cabin noise statistical energy analysis forecasting model by using ship drawing data;
step 2, performing local detail optimization on key assessment cabins and load areas in the constructed model, and constructing an external auxiliary sound cavity; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
2-1, thinning the cabins at five typical heights of 0.5m, 1.0m, 1.5m, 2.0m and 2.0m for key assessment cabins respectively, and constructing a sound cavity subsystem according to the thinned cabins;
2-2, at the position of the equipment, establishing an acoustic cavity subsystem and a plate shell subsystem according to the size of the equipment;
2-3, establishing an auxiliary sound cavity at an equipment exhaust port, and establishing the auxiliary sound cavity at the periphery of the ship body above a ship body waterline, wherein the equipment exhaust port comprises a host exhaust port and an exhaust fan exhaust port;
step 3, determining the vibration acceleration load and the sound power load of the equipment by utilizing experimental tests;
step 4, determining the loss factors in the steel plate and the acoustic cavity by utilizing experimental tests or formula calculation;
step 5, establishing a micro acoustic analysis model of the outfitting material structure, namely a TMM/FTMM model, by using a transfer matrix method, and obtaining outfitting material acoustic parameters through sound absorption and sound insulation analysis;
step 6, setting the frequency response analysis as 1/3 octave frequency, and setting the calculation frequency as 31.5Hz-8 kHz;
and 7, forecasting and analyzing the noise of the ship cabin by using statistical energy analysis.
2. The statistical energy analysis-based ship cabin noise forecasting method according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 further comprises:
3-1, determining the equipment with the noise value exceeding 60dB as noise source equipment, obtaining the sound source level and the vibration acceleration level of the equipment through testing, and converting the sound source level into the sound power level, wherein the conversion formula is as follows:
Lw＝Ls+10*Lg(S1/S0)
wherein S is1＝2[2ac+2bc+2ab]，S0＝0
In the formula:
Figure FDA0002694496030000011
c＝L3+d，d＝1m；
L1represents the length of the apparatus, L2Represents the device width, L3Representing device high, Lw represents sound power level, Ls represents sound source level;
and 3-2, applying the vibration acceleration of the equipment to a plate shell subsystem at the position of the equipment, and applying the radiation sound power to a corresponding sound cavity subsystem of the equipment.
3. The statistical energy analysis-based ship cabin noise forecasting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step 4 further comprises:
4-1, the loss factor of the steel plate is obtained by experimental tests and is (1-3) multiplied by 10-3；
4-2, calculating the loss factor in the acoustic cavity by using a formula:
Figure FDA0002694496030000021
where ω is the frequency of the center circle of the frequency band, T60For the reverberation time inside the acoustic cavity, f represents the frequency.
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CN111209644A (en) * 2018-11-02 2020-05-29 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 Converter noise prediction method
CN110108425B (en) * 2019-04-16 2020-10-27 西北工业大学 Noise forecasting method based on virtual excitation source reconstruction
CN110046459B (en) * 2019-04-28 2021-08-20 哈尔滨工程大学 Underwater radiation noise evaluation method for overall scheme of semi-submersible type ocean platform
CN110069873B (en) * 2019-04-28 2021-09-28 哈尔滨工程大学 Ship overall scheme mechanical noise evaluation method
CN110348069B (en) * 2019-06-18 2023-04-07 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 Method for rapidly evaluating sound insulation performance of ship bulkhead structure
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CN114323261B (en) * 2021-12-28 2024-04-02 中集海洋工程有限公司 Method for forecasting and evaluating vibration noise of ventilation system of offshore equipment
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