CN107942427B - Optical film - Google Patents
Optical film Download PDFInfo
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- CN107942427B CN107942427B CN201711481157.0A CN201711481157A CN107942427B CN 107942427 B CN107942427 B CN 107942427B CN 201711481157 A CN201711481157 A CN 201711481157A CN 107942427 B CN107942427 B CN 107942427B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13731—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition
- G02F1/13737—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition in liquid crystals doped with a pleochroic dye
Abstract
The invention relates to an optical film, which comprises a first diffraction structure layer, a second diffraction structure layer and a covering layer. The surface of the first diffraction structure layer is provided with a plurality of first diffraction gratings which are arranged in the same direction, the second diffraction structure layer fills the gaps of the first diffraction gratings of the first diffraction structure layer, and is provided with a plurality of second diffraction gratings which are arranged in the same direction, the arrangement directions of the first diffraction gratings and the second diffraction gratings are mutually parallel, and the covering layer is formed on the second diffraction gratings of the second diffraction structure layer, wherein at least one of the first diffraction structure layer, the second diffraction structure layer and the covering layer comprises dye, so that the optical film can reduce the light leakage defect of the existing liquid crystal display at large visual angles, and the liquid crystal display has uniform dark-state pictures and colors at all visual angles.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an optical film for a liquid crystal display, and more particularly, to an optical film for reducing color shift at large viewing angles, light leakage at dark states, and increasing uniformity of colors and dark-state images at various viewing angles.
Background
The existing Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is a non-self-luminous display, and the backlight passing through the liquid crystal panel is susceptible to the asymmetry of liquid crystal molecules, so that the image quality of the front viewing angle and the large viewing angle has a large difference.
Especially when displaying black images, the backlight of the conventional lcd cannot be turned off, and the black state is only switched by the lcd panel to block light, so that there is a different light leakage degree at each viewing angle, and the contrast and color of the image vary with the viewing angle, resulting in color shift or non-uniformity. Referring to fig. 1, it is a distribution diagram of the dark state brightness of the conventional lcd along with the horizontal viewing angle, and it can be seen that the light leakage degree in the dark state is the largest at the viewing angle of about 45 degrees, and the light leakage degree is the darkest and the smallest at the front viewing angle of 0 degree, so that when a user watches the lcd at different angles, the user is likely to feel the difference of the image quality, which affects the visual experience.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the situation of poor visual effect under different viewing angles, the invention provides an optical film.
The optical film described above includes:
a first diffraction structure layer having an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to each other, the upper surface having a plurality of first diffraction gratings arranged in the same direction;
a second diffraction structure layer, which fills the gap of the first diffraction structure layer and forms a plurality of second diffraction gratings arranged in the same direction on the first diffraction grating of the first diffraction structure layer, wherein the arrangement directions of the first diffraction gratings and the second diffraction gratings are parallel to each other; and
a cover layer formed on the second diffraction gratings of the second diffraction structure layer;
wherein at least one of the first diffraction structure layer, the second diffraction structure layer or the cover layer comprises a dye.
Alternatively, the cover layer and the second diffractive structure layer both include a dye.
Alternatively, the cover layer and the first diffractive structure layer both include a dye.
Alternatively, the dye comprises one or more dye molecules or light-absorbing particles of different absorption wavelengths.
As an optional technical solution, the first diffractive structure layer has a first refractive index, the second diffractive structure layer has a second refractive index, and the cover layer has a third refractive index, where n1 is the first refractive index, n2 is the second refractive index, n3 is the third refractive index, and n1, n2, and n3 range from 1.4 to 1.7.
As an optional technical solution, the second refractive index is greater than the first refractive index and the third refractive index.
As an optional technical solution, the first refractive index and the third refractive index are the same or different.
As an optional technical solution, the grating widths, grating depths and grating pitches of the first diffraction gratings and the second diffraction gratings are the same or different.
As an optional technical solution, the grating width of each of the first diffraction gratings and the grating width of each of the second diffraction gratings are between 0.3 μm and 1.5 μm respectively.
As an optional technical solution, the grating depth of each of the first diffraction gratings and the grating depth of each of the second diffraction gratings are between 0.5 μm and 1.5 μm respectively.
As an optional technical scheme, the grating pitch of two adjacent first diffraction gratings and the grating pitch of two adjacent second diffraction gratings are respectively between 0.3 μm and 1.5 μm.
As an optional technical solution, the optical film further includes a functional layer disposed on the lower surface of the first diffraction structure layer of the optical film, wherein the functional layer is one of a group consisting of a polarizing layer, a hard coating, a low reflection layer, an anti-glare layer, and a protective layer, or a combination thereof.
Compared with the prior art, at least one of the first diffraction structure layer, the second diffraction structure layer and the covering layer of the optical film comprises dye, so that the light leakage defect of the conventional liquid crystal display at large visual angles can be reduced, and the liquid crystal display has uniform dark-state pictures and color image quality at all visual angles.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the distribution of the dark state luminance of a conventional LCD with horizontal viewing angle;
FIG. 2A is a schematic perspective view of an optical film according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 2B-2E are schematic cross-sectional views of optical films according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first diffractive structure layer and a second diffractive structure layer of an optical film according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an optical film according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features, contents and advantages of the present invention and the effects achieved thereby easier to understand, the present invention will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings and the expression forms of the embodiments, and the drawings used therein are only for illustrative and auxiliary purposes, not necessarily the actual proportion and the precise configuration after the implementation of the present invention, and therefore, the proportion and the configuration relationship of the drawings attached should not be interpreted to limit the scope of the right of the present invention in the actual implementation.
Embodiments of the optical film according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and for ease of understanding, the same components in the embodiments described below are denoted by the same reference numerals.
The invention relates to an optical film, which comprises a first diffraction structure layer, a second diffraction structure layer and a covering layer. The surface of the first diffraction structure layer is provided with a plurality of first diffraction gratings which are arranged in the same direction, the second diffraction structure layer fills the gaps of the first diffraction gratings of the first diffraction structure layer, a plurality of second diffraction gratings which are arranged in the same direction are formed on the first diffraction structure layer, the arrangement directions of the first diffraction gratings and the second diffraction gratings are parallel to each other, and the covering layer is formed on the second diffraction gratings of the second diffraction structure layer, wherein at least one of the first diffraction structure layer, the second diffraction structure layer and the covering layer comprises dye.
Referring to fig. 2A, the optical film 1 includes a first diffractive structure layer 2, a second diffractive structure layer 3, and a cover layer 4. The first diffraction structure layer 2 has an upper surface (not labeled) and a lower surface (not labeled) opposite to each other, and the upper surface has a plurality of first diffraction gratings 2a arranged in the same direction. The second diffraction structure layer 3 is filled in the gaps of the first diffraction gratings 2a of the first diffraction structure layer 2, and a plurality of second diffraction gratings 3a arranged in the same direction are formed on the first diffraction structure layer 2, wherein the arrangement directions of the first diffraction gratings 2a and the second diffraction gratings 3a are parallel to each other; the cover layer 4 is formed on the second diffraction gratings 3a of the second diffraction structure layer 3, for example, filling and planarizing the second diffraction gratings 3a of the second diffraction structure layer 3. Wherein at least one of the first diffractive structure layer 2, the second diffractive structure layer 3 or the cover layer 4 comprises a dye.
Referring next to FIG. 2B, a cross-sectional view of the optical film 1 of FIG. 2A is shown, wherein the cover layer 4 includes a dye 5. In the present embodiment, the dye 5 is disposed in the cover layer 4, but in other embodiments, the dye 5 may be disposed in other layers.
Referring to FIG. 2C, in another preferred embodiment, an optical film 11 according to the present invention includes a first diffractive structure layer 2, a second diffractive structure layer 3, and a cover layer 4. The first diffraction structure layer 2 has an upper surface (not labeled) and a lower surface (not labeled) opposite to each other, and the upper surface has a plurality of first diffraction gratings 2a arranged in the same direction. The second diffraction structure layer 3 is filled in the gaps of the first diffraction gratings 2a of the first diffraction structure layer 2, and a plurality of second diffraction gratings 3a arranged in the same direction are formed on the first diffraction structure layer 2, wherein the arrangement directions of the first diffraction gratings 2a and the second diffraction gratings 3a are parallel to each other, and the second diffraction structure layer 3 contains dye 5; the cover layer 4 is formed on the second diffraction gratings 3a of the second diffraction structure layer 3, for example, filling and planarizing the second diffraction gratings 3a of the second diffraction structure layer 3.
Referring to FIG. 2D, in another preferred embodiment, another optical film 12 according to the present invention includes a first diffractive structure layer 2, a second diffractive structure layer 3, and a cover layer 4. The first diffraction structure layer 2 has an upper surface (not labeled) and a lower surface (not labeled) opposite to each other, the upper surface has a plurality of first diffraction gratings 2a arranged in the same direction, and the first diffraction structure layer 2 contains a dye 5. The second diffraction structure layer 3 is filled in the gaps of the first diffraction gratings 2a of the first diffraction structure layer 2, and a plurality of second diffraction gratings 3a arranged in the same direction are formed on the first diffraction structure layer 2, wherein the arrangement directions of the first diffraction gratings 2a and the second diffraction gratings 3a are parallel to each other; the cover layer 4 is formed on the second diffraction gratings 3a of the second diffraction structure layer 3, for example, filling and planarizing the second diffraction gratings 3a of the second diffraction structure layer 3.
Referring to fig. 2E, in another preferred embodiment, another optical film 13 according to the present invention includes a first diffractive structure layer 2, a second diffractive structure layer 3, and a cover layer 4. The first diffraction structure layer 2 has an upper surface (not labeled) and a lower surface (not labeled) opposite to each other, and the upper surface has a plurality of first diffraction gratings 2a arranged in the same direction. The second diffraction structure layer 3 is filled in the gaps of the first diffraction gratings 2a of the first diffraction structure layer 2, and a plurality of second diffraction gratings 3a arranged in the same direction are formed on the first diffraction structure layer 2, wherein the arrangement directions of the first diffraction gratings 2a and the second diffraction gratings 3a are parallel to each other; the cover layer 4 is formed on the second diffraction grating 3a of the second diffraction structure layer 3, for example, filling and planarizing the second diffraction gratings 3a of the second diffraction structure layer 3, wherein the first diffraction structure layer 2 and the cover layer 4 contain a dye 5. In addition, the film thicknesses of the first diffractive structure layer 2, the second diffractive structure layer 3 and the cover layer 4 and the concentration of the dye 5 can be adjusted according to the degree of dark state light leakage of different displays, for example, under the same dye concentration, the film thickness is increased to increase the light absorption amount or the film thickness is decreased to decrease the light absorption amount.
In the optical film of the above embodiments, the first diffractive structure layer has a first refractive index n1, the second diffractive structure layer has a second refractive index n2, the cover layer has a third refractive index n3, and n1, n2, and n3 range from 1.4 to 1.7. The material used for the first, second and cover layers may be selected from thermosetting or photocurable resins, such as acrylic resin (acryl resin), silicone resin (silicone resin), polyurethane resin (polyurethane resin), epoxy resin (epoxy resin) or a combination thereof.
In the optical film according to the above embodiments, the second refractive index n2 is greater than the first refractive index n1 and the third refractive index n3, and the first refractive index n1 and the third refractive index n3 are the same or different, so that the adjacent sides of the first diffraction structure layer, the second diffraction structure layer and the cover layer interface can have different refractive indexes, wherein the refractive index difference between the second diffraction structure layer and the first diffraction structure layer or the cover layer is preferably 0.1 to 0.3.
In addition, the sizes of the microstructures of the first and second diffraction structure layers in the above embodiments can be adjusted according to the size of the pixels of the display. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first diffraction structure layer 2 and a second diffraction structure layer 3 in an optical film according to an embodiment of the disclosure, wherein a grating width w1 of each first diffraction grating 2a and a grating width w2 of each second diffraction grating 3a are between 0.3 μm and 1.5 μm, respectively; the grating depth d1 of each first diffraction grating 2a and the grating depth d2 of each second diffraction grating 3a are respectively between 0.5 μm and 1.5 μm; the grating pitch g1 of two adjacent first diffraction gratings and the grating pitch g2 of two adjacent second diffraction gratings are respectively between 0.3 μm and 1.5 μm.
In the optical film of another embodiment, the grating width w1, the grating depth d1, and the grating pitch g1 of the first diffraction grating 2a and the grating width w2, the grating depth d2, and the grating pitch g2 of the second diffraction grating 3a are the same as or different from each other.
In another embodiment, the optical film comprises one or more dye molecules or light-absorbing particles with different absorption wavelengths, the dye can be adjusted to have corresponding absorption wavelength according to the main band of light leakage in the dark state of the display, so as to minimize the light leakage in the dark state and maintain good color accuracy and saturation at various viewing angles, the dye molecules include but are not limited to azo dyes (azo dyes), Phthalocyanine dyes (phthalocyanines), Triarylmethane dyes (Triarylmethane dyes), anthraquinone dyes (anthraquinone dyes), hydroxybenzotriazole dyes (hydroxybenzotriazoles), tris-resorcinol-triazine dyes (tris-resorcinol-triazine dyes), hydroxyphenyl-benzotriazole dyes (hydroxyphenyl-benzotriazole dyes), cyanine-base dyes (squaraine-base dyes), or cyanine-based dyes (cyanine-based dyes), the light-absorbing particles include, but are not limited to, carbon black particles, graphite, metal oxide particles, black resin particles, etc., and the dye may be added in a concentration of 0.01 wt% to 3 wt% depending on the absorption coefficient or dispersibility of each dye.
Referring to fig. 4, in an optical film 14 of another embodiment, the optical film 14 further includes a functional layer 6 disposed on a lower surface of the first diffraction structure layer 2 of the optical film 14, wherein the functional layer 6 is one or a combination of a polarizing layer, a hard coat layer, a low reflection layer, an anti-glare layer and a protection layer.
Next, the effect of the optical film of the present invention in improving the large viewing angle dark state and image quality of the lcd will be described through a plurality of embodiments of the present invention. Table one shows the size of each first diffraction grating used in the first diffraction structure layer of the optical film of the present invention; the second table shows the size of each second diffraction grating used in the second diffraction structure layer of the optical film of the present invention, and the size structures are used as repeating units and are continuously formed on the first diffraction structure layer and the second diffraction structure layer. The refractive index of the resin material used in the second diffraction structure layer is 1.6, and the refractive indices of the resin material used in the first diffraction structure layer and the resin material used in the cover layer are both 1.5.
A first table: the size of each first diffraction grating
Table two: the size of each second diffraction grating
Please refer to table three, which shows the optical test data performed by using the lcd (model: BenQ GW 2270). The optical film adopted in the first embodiment comprises a dye in a covering layer, the optical film adopted in the second embodiment comprises a dye in a second diffraction structure layer, the optical film adopted in the third embodiment comprises a dye in a first diffraction structure layer, and the optical film adopted in the fourth embodiment comprises the dye in both the first diffraction structure layer and the covering layer.
Table three: optical test data for comparative and different examples
As can be seen from the table three, in the test item of the maximum value of the dark state luminance (L0max) when the level is zero, the test values of 0.703nits in the first to fourth embodiments are all smaller than that in the comparative example, which means that after the optical film of the present invention is attached, the light leakage of the existing lcd in the dark state with large viewing angle can be effectively reduced, so that the dark state images displayed at different angles are more consistent. For the image quality with large viewing angle, such as color saturation, contrast and color accuracy, the liquid crystal display can use GDI (gamma deviation index) and P-value as evaluation indexes, the GDI is the Distortion value of the gamma curve of all the measured levels L0 to L255 compared with the standard gamma curve (such as gamma 2.2), therefore, the lower the value, the less the Distortion, the better the image quality with large viewing angle; the P-value is compared with the standard gamma curve value for the level L96 where defects are easily generated in the lcd, and the lower the value, the less the deviation, so it can be quickly seen whether the visibility of the viewing angle is poor. It can also be seen from table three that the test values of the first to fourth examples are smaller than those of the comparative examples in the test items of the average GDI value (GDIavg.) from the horizontal view angle of 60 ° to 80 °, the average P-value (P-value vg.) from the horizontal view angle of 60 ° to 80 °, the P-value (0,60) from the single horizontal view angle of 60 °, and the P-value (0,80) from the single horizontal view angle of 80 °, which all represent that the examples of the present invention have significant improvement effect.
In summary, at least one of the first diffractive structure layer, the second diffractive structure layer and the cover layer of the optical film of the present invention includes a dye, which can reduce the light leakage defect of the conventional lcd at large viewing angles, so that the lcd has uniform dark-state images and color images at various viewing angles.
The present invention is capable of other embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. An optical film, comprising:
a first diffraction structure layer having an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to each other, the upper surface having a plurality of first diffraction gratings arranged in the same direction;
a second diffraction structure layer, which fills the gap of the first diffraction structure layer and forms a plurality of second diffraction gratings arranged in the same direction on the first diffraction grating of the first diffraction structure layer, wherein the arrangement directions of the first diffraction gratings and the second diffraction gratings are parallel to each other; and
a cover layer formed on the second diffraction gratings of the second diffraction structure layer;
wherein at least one of the first diffraction structure layer, the second diffraction structure layer or the cover layer contains a dye, and the concentration of the dye added is 0.01 wt% to 3 wt%; the first diffraction structure layer has a first refractive index, the second diffraction structure layer has a second refractive index, and the cover layer has a third refractive index, wherein n1 is the first refractive index, n2 is the second refractive index, n3 is the third refractive index, and the ranges of n1, n2 and n3 are 1.4-1.7; the second refractive index is greater than the first refractive index and the third refractive index.
2. The optical film of claim 1 wherein the cover layer and the second diffractive structure layer each comprise a dye.
3. The optical film of claim 1 wherein the cover layer and the first diffractive structure layer each comprise a dye.
4. The optical film of claim 1, wherein the dye comprises one or more dye molecules or light absorbing particles of different absorption wavelengths.
5. The optical film of claim 1, wherein the first refractive index and the third refractive index are the same or different.
6. The optical film of claim 1, wherein the grating width of the first diffraction gratings is the same as or different from the grating width of the second diffraction gratings.
7. The optical film of claim 6, wherein the grating width of each of the first diffraction gratings and the grating width of each of the second diffraction gratings are between 0.3 μm and 1.5 μm.
8. The optical film of claim 1, wherein the grating depth of the first diffraction gratings is the same as or different from the grating depth of the second diffraction gratings.
9. The optical film of claim 8 wherein the grating depth of each of the first diffraction gratings and the grating depth of each of the second diffraction gratings is between 0.5 μm and 1.5 μm.
10. The optical film of claim 1, wherein the grating pitch of the first diffraction gratings is the same as or different from the grating pitch of the second diffraction gratings.
11. The optical film of claim 10, wherein a grating pitch of two adjacent first diffraction gratings and a grating pitch of two adjacent second diffraction gratings are each between 0.3 μm and 1.5 μm.
12. The optical film according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a functional layer disposed on the lower surface of the first diffraction structure layer of the optical film, wherein the functional layer is one of a group consisting of a polarizing layer, a hard coat layer, a low reflection layer, an anti-glare layer, and a protective layer, or a combination thereof.
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| CN109920926B (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2021-09-14 | 明基材料有限公司 | Organic light emitting diode display |
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| CN102608798A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2012-07-25 | 奇美电子股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal panel module, backlight module and liquid crystal display device |
| CN102841395A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2012-12-26 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Transmissive diffraction grating and detection apparatus |
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| TW201733801A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-10-01 | ３Ｍ新設資產公司 | Optical stack |
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| CN1619369A (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-05-25 | 力特光电科技股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device and its light screening device and polarizing board |
| US20050275944A1 (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2005-12-15 | Wang Jian J | Optical films and methods of making the same |
| JP2010039259A (en) * | 2008-08-06 | 2010-02-18 | Panasonic Corp | Diffraction element, optical pickup apparatus and optical disc apparatus |
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| US5280388A (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1994-01-18 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Wavelength selective phase grating optical low-pass filter |
| CN102608798A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2012-07-25 | 奇美电子股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal panel module, backlight module and liquid crystal display device |
| CN102841395A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2012-12-26 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Transmissive diffraction grating and detection apparatus |
| CN105209940A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2015-12-30 | 三菱丽阳株式会社 | Optical film, optical film manufacturing method and surface light-emitting body |
| TW201733801A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-10-01 | ３Ｍ新設資產公司 | Optical stack |
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