CN107939339B - High-temperature paraffin removal well cleaning device for air source special for oil field and adoption method - Google Patents
High-temperature paraffin removal well cleaning device for air source special for oil field and adoption method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107939339B CN107939339B CN201810031602.1A CN201810031602A CN107939339B CN 107939339 B CN107939339 B CN 107939339B CN 201810031602 A CN201810031602 A CN 201810031602A CN 107939339 B CN107939339 B CN 107939339B
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- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 209
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 188
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 196
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/006—Combined heating and pumping means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a special air source high-temperature paraffin removal well washing device for an oil field, which comprises an oil well system and a high-temperature water heating system; the oil well system comprises a sleeve, an oil pipe, an oil pumping polished rod, an blowout prevention box connected to the upper end of the oil pipe, an oil pump connected to the lower end of the oil pipe in a sealing manner, an oil sleeve annular space is arranged between the oil pipe and the sleeve, and an oil extraction pipeline communicated with the oil pipe is arranged outside the upper end of the oil sleeve annular space; the high-temperature water heating system comprises a water inlet pipeline, a high-temperature water pipeline and a heat pump with the water outlet temperature range of 100-120 ℃, wherein two ends of the water inlet pipeline are respectively communicated with a water source and a water inlet end of the heat pump, a booster pump is arranged on the water inlet pipeline, and two ends of the high-temperature water pipeline are respectively communicated with a water outlet end of the heat pump and an oil jacket annular space. The invention also provides an oil extraction method. The invention adopts a mode of diluting and mixing crude oil by adding high-temperature hot water into an oil well, thereby ensuring that the crude oil is successfully extracted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to an air source high-temperature paraffin removal well cleaning device special for an oil field and an oil extraction method.
Background
Crude oil with high viscosity and high specific gravity is called thick oil. Because the thick oil has high asphalt content, the well bore needs to be continuously or intermittently heated according to the process requirement in the oil extraction process, so that the crude oil can be ensured to be extracted from underground or conveyed in a pipeline smoothly. However, there are many oil wells, and the energy consumption is huge because the wellhead has insufficient natural gas and only can adopt an electric heating mode.
Each oil field has a thick oil well, more serious thick oil, people can stand on the thick oil well at 50 ℃, the thick oil needs steam heating and heating in a deep well shaft of about 1000 meters at the same time, and the crude oil can be extracted under the condition of ensuring that the crude oil is at 70 ℃, so that the energy consumption is huge. Because of the low international crude oil price, the exploitation cost is too high, and many oil wells are in a well closing state.
The heating modes in the existing heating oil extraction system of the oil well are as follows:
1. internal electric heating for hollow sucker rod
The sucker rod is made into a hollow shape, an intermediate frequency heating cable is penetrated from the ground, the sucker rod is heated integrally at the position of 500-1500 m different underground according to the heating requirement, and then the sucker rod transfers heat to crude oil in a shaft; in general, the electric heating power is about 100 KW.
2. Hot water circulation heating of double hollow sucker rod
The sucker rod is made into a double hollow shape, hot water is circulated and heated in the middle, the inlet temperature of the hot water is required to be 110 ℃, and the return water temperature is required to be 80 ℃; the maximum requirement of crude oil produced liquid is 70 ℃.
The hot water is heated by the following modes:
(1) The well head associated gas (dissolved natural gas) is sufficient and feasible, and the associated gas is directly utilized for heating;
(2) The well head lacks natural gas, adopts fire coal to heat at present, and fire coal heating is required to be banned because of the relation of environmental protection policy.
The present inventors found that there are at least the following technical problems in the prior art:
1. The disadvantage of electric heating of the hollow rod:
1.1, the purchasing cost of the hollow rod is high, and the investment is large;
1.2, the energy consumption is high;
1.3, the oil pump can not be heated and cleaned.
2. The disadvantage of double hollow rod hot water circulation heating:
2.1, the purchase cost of the double hollow rods is high, and the investment is large; the O-shaped sealing ring at the joint of the sucker rod is easy to leak, and the operation cost is high;
2.2, heating the fire coal to pollute the environment; the oil well with insufficient natural gas at the wellhead has high demand temperature and can only adopt high-energy consumption electric heating;
2.3, the bottom hole oil pump can not be heated at the same time, and the pump efficiency can not be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the special air source high-temperature paraffin removal well flushing device for the oil field, which can realize paraffin removal and well flushing operation of an oil well and can dilute and heat crude oil in the oil extraction process. The invention also provides an oil extraction method, which adopts a mode of mixing the crude oil by mixing the high-temperature hot water into the oil well, thereby ensuring that the crude oil is extracted smoothly. In addition, the invention has the characteristics of low energy consumption, high oil extraction efficiency and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an air source high-temperature paraffin removal well cleaning device special for an oil field comprises a high-temperature water heating device communicated with an oil well system;
The oil well system comprises a sleeve, an oil pipe, a blowout prevention box, an oil pump and an oil pumping polished rod, wherein the oil pumping polished rod, the oil pipe and the sleeve are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the blowout prevention box is in sealing connection with the upper end of the oil pipe, the oil pump is in sealing connection with the lower end of the oil pipe, a piston of the oil pump is connected with the lower end of the oil pumping polished rod, an oil sleeve annular space with a closed upper end is arranged between the oil pipe and the sleeve, and an oil extraction pipeline communicated with the oil pipe is further arranged outside the upper end of the oil sleeve annular space;
The high-temperature water heating device is a heat pump with the water outlet temperature range of 100-120 ℃, the water inlet end of the heat pump is communicated with a water source through a water inlet pipeline, a booster pump is arranged on the water inlet pipeline, and the water outlet end of the heat pump is communicated with the annular space of the oil sleeve through the high-temperature water pipeline from the side wall of the upper end of the sleeve.
As preferable: the oil pumping polished rod is a solid rod.
As preferable: a high-temperature water valve is arranged between the high-temperature water pipeline and the sleeve.
As preferable: and an oil extraction valve is arranged between the oil extraction pipeline and the oil pipe.
As preferable: the water source is oilfield blending water.
As preferable: and a heat preservation and insulation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the high-temperature water pipeline.
As preferable: the heat pump is an air source heat pump.
As preferable: the air source heat pump comprises a high-temperature water heating assembly and an auxiliary cooling heating assembly;
the high-temperature water heating assembly comprises a first condenser, a second condenser, a first throttle valve, an evaporator and a first compressor which are communicated into a closed loop through pipelines in sequence;
The first condenser is provided with a first heat exchange cavity, one end of the first heat exchange cavity, which is close to the second condenser, is provided with a water inlet, one end of the first heat exchange cavity, which is close to the compressor, is provided with a water outlet, the water inlet is communicated with the water inlet pipeline, and the water outlet is communicated with the high-temperature water pipeline;
The second condenser has a second heat exchange chamber;
The evaporator has a third heat exchange chamber;
the auxiliary cooling assembly comprises a second compressor and a second throttle valve, and the second compressor, the third heat exchange cavity, the second throttle valve and the second heat exchange cavity are communicated into a closed loop through pipelines in sequence.
As preferable: the upper end of the oil pumping polished rod is connected with an oil pumping unit.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in the oil extraction process, the oil is diluted and heated by the special air source high-temperature paraffin removal well washing device for the oil field, and the method comprises the following steps of:
S1, starting a booster pump to work, and enabling water in a water inlet pipeline to enter a heat pump after being pressurized so as to improve the boiling point of the water;
S2, starting a heat pump to work, and heating the pressurized water to 100-120 ℃ to form high-temperature high-pressure hot water;
S3, conveying high-temperature high-pressure hot water at 100-120 ℃ into an oil sleeve annular space through a high-temperature water pipe, performing reduced-pressure injection on the high-temperature high-pressure hot water into an oil pipe annular space to form water vapor, liquefying after heat release to form high-temperature normal-pressure hot water, flowing the high-temperature normal-pressure hot water in the oil sleeve annular space from top to bottom, and simultaneously transferring heat to the oil pipe;
s4, flowing high-temperature normal-pressure hot water to the lower end of the oil sleeve annular space, and then mixing the hot water with crude oil to form a high-temperature oil-water mixture;
S5, the oil pumping rod moves up and down to enable the oil pump to work, and the high-temperature oil-water mixture is pumped into the oil pipe and lifted to the upper end of the oil pipe.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention can realize the paraffin removal and well flushing operation of the oil well, and can also dilute and heat the crude oil in the oil extraction process.
When the invention is used for paraffin removal and well flushing operation of an oil well, water heated to 100-120 ℃ by adopting a high-temperature water heating system is conveyed into an annular space of an oil sleeve between an oil pipe and a casing pipe, and the water at 100-120 ℃ is pumped into the oil pipe by the work of an oil pump, so that the movable valve and the fixed valve in the oil pump are cleaned, the friction force of the movement of the movable valve can be reduced, the smoothness of the movement of the movable valve is ensured, the tightness of seat seals of the movable valve and the fixed valve is effectively ensured, the leakage is reduced, the pumping efficiency is improved, and the oil and the production are increased. Along with the continuous upward flow of water in the oil pipe, the melted oil wax on the wall of the oil pipe is discharged out of the oil pipe together, so that the aim of cleaning the wax well is fulfilled.
When the invention is used for diluting and heating crude oil in the oil extraction process, water heated to 100-120 ℃ by adopting a high-temperature water heating system is conveyed into an oil sleeve annular space between an oil pipe and a sleeve, the crude oil is diluted and heated, the viscosity is reduced, a high-temperature oil-water mixture with good fluidity and the temperature of 50-85 ℃ is formed, and the high-temperature oil-water mixture is lifted to the upper end of the oil pipe through an oil pump and enters an oil extraction pipeline.
In the lifting process of the high-temperature oil-water mixture, water with the temperature of 100-120 ℃ is continuously conveyed into an oil sleeve annular space between the oil pipe and the sleeve, and after the water with the temperature of 100-120 ℃ enters the oil sleeve annular space, the oil pipe is continuously heated in the flowing process from top to bottom, the high-temperature oil-water mixture in the oil pipe is insulated, and continuous and smooth oil extraction is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an air source heat pump in an embodiment of the invention.
11, A sleeve; 12. an oil pipe; 13. an oil pumping polished rod; 14. an oil pump; 15. a blowout prevention box; 16. pumping unit; 101. an oil jacket annular space; 2. an oil extraction pipeline; 21. a production valve; 3. a high temperature water pipe; 31. a high temperature water valve; 4. an air source heat pump; 41. a first condenser; 411. a first inlet; 412. a first outlet; 42. a second condenser; 421. a second inlet; 422. a second outlet; 43. a first throttle valve; 44. an evaporator; 441. a third inlet; 442. a third outlet; 45. a first compressor; 46. a second compressor; 47. a second throttle valve; 5. a water inlet pipe; 51. and a booster pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, based on the examples herein.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a special air source high-temperature paraffin removal well cleaning device for an oil field, which comprises a high-temperature water heating device communicated with an oil well system.
The oil well system comprises a sleeve 11, an oil pipe 12, a blowout prevention box 15, an oil pump 14 and an oil pumping polished rod 13, wherein the oil pumping polished rod 13, the oil pipe 12 and the sleeve 11 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside. The blowout prevention box 15 is connected to the upper end of the oil pipe 12 in a sealing manner, and the oil pump 14 is connected to the lower end of the oil pipe 12 in a sealing manner. The piston of the oil pump 14 is connected to the lower end of the oil pumping polished rod 13, and the upper end of the oil pumping polished rod 13 is connected to the oil pumping unit 16.
As an alternative embodiment, the sucker rod 13 is a solid rod. The polished pumping rod 13 adopts a solid rod, and has the characteristics of low manufacturing cost, high installation precision, good structural strength and the like compared with the existing hollow rod.
An oil jacket annular space 101 with a closed upper end is arranged between the oil pipe 12 and the sleeve 11. The upper end of the oil jacket annular space 101 is also provided with an oil extraction pipeline 2 communicated with the oil pipe 12.
As an alternative embodiment, a production valve 21 is arranged between the production pipe 2 and the oil pipe 12, and the on-off of the production pipe 2 is controlled by controlling the production valve 21. The oil extraction valve 21 is detachably connected with the oil extraction pipeline 2, and flange connection, threaded connection and the like can be adopted in a detachable connection mode. The oil extraction pipelines 2 may be provided in a plurality according to the crude oil yield, or a plurality of oil extraction valves 21 may be provided at the upper end of the oil pipe 12, only one of which is connected to the oil extraction pipelines 2, and the remaining oil extraction pipelines 2 are used as spare.
The high-temperature water heating device is a heat pump with the water inlet temperature range of 5-50 ℃ and the water outlet temperature range of 100-120 ℃.
The water inlet end of the heat pump is communicated with a water source through a water inlet pipeline 5. As an alternative embodiment, the water source is oilfield produced water. Other sources of water may be used as long as the source does not destroy the components of the crude oil.
The water inlet pipe 5 is provided with a booster pump 51. The water in the water intake pipe 5 is pressurized by the booster pump 51 and then enters the heat pump so as to raise the boiling point of the water to 120 ℃.
The water outlet end of the heat pump is communicated with the oil jacket annular space 101 through a high-temperature water pipeline 3 from the upper end side wall of the sleeve 11. So that the high-temperature hot water entering the oil jacket annular space 101 can transfer heat to the oil pipe 12 in the process of flowing from top to bottom, heat the oil pipe 12, on one hand, the oil wax attached to the inner wall of the oil pipe 12 is melted in the well washing process, the melted oil wax flows upwards along with the hot water in the oil pipe 12, the effect of thoroughly cleaning the oil pipe 12 is achieved, on the other hand, the heat preservation effect on crude oil in the oil pipe 12 can be achieved in the oil extraction process, the condition that the oil extraction efficiency is slowed down due to the fact that the temperature of the crude oil gradually decreases in the upward flowing process of the oil pipe 12 is avoided, and the oil extraction efficiency is effectively improved.
As an alternative embodiment, a high-temperature water valve 31 is arranged between the high-temperature water pipeline 3 and the sleeve 11, and the on-off of the high-temperature water pipeline 3 is controlled by controlling the high-temperature water valve 31. The high-temperature water valve 31 is detachably connected with the high-temperature water pipeline 3, and flange connection, threaded connection and the like can be adopted in a detachable connection mode. The high-temperature water pipelines 3 can be arranged into a plurality of high-temperature water pipelines according to heating requirements, and each high-temperature water pipeline 3 is communicated with a high-temperature water heating system. Or a plurality of high-temperature water valves 31 are arranged at the upper end of the sleeve 11, only one of which is communicated with the high-temperature water pipeline 3, and the rest of the high-temperature water valves 31 are used for standby.
As an alternative embodiment, the outer wall of the high-temperature water pipeline 3 is provided with a heat preservation and insulation layer. The heat insulating layer can be made of the existing heat insulating material, such as heat insulating cotton. The heat insulation layer can effectively insulate the high-temperature water in the high-temperature water pipeline 3 from radiating outwards along the wall of the high-temperature water pipeline 3.
As an alternative embodiment, the heat pump is an air source heat pump 4. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the air source heat pump 4 includes a high-temperature water heating assembly and an auxiliary cooling heating assembly.
The high temperature water heating assembly includes a first condenser 41, a second condenser 42, a first throttle valve 43, an evaporator 44 and a first compressor 45 which are sequentially connected in a closed loop through pipes.
The first condenser 41 has a first heat exchange chamber. The first heat exchange cavity is provided with a first inlet 411 (i.e. the water inlet end of the heat pump) near one end of the second condenser 42, the first heat exchange cavity is provided with a first outlet 412 (i.e. the water outlet end of the heat pump) near one end of the compressor, the water inlet is communicated with the water inlet pipeline 5, and the water outlet is communicated with the high-temperature water pipeline 3.
The second condenser 42 has a second heat exchange chamber.
The evaporator 44 has a third heat exchange chamber.
The auxiliary cooling assembly comprises a second compressor 46 and a second throttle valve 47, and the second compressor 46, the third heat exchange cavity, the second throttle valve 47 and the second heat exchange cavity are sequentially communicated into a closed loop through pipelines.
The end of the second heat exchange chamber near the first throttle valve 43 is provided with a second inlet 421 communicated with the second throttle valve 47, and the end of the second heat exchange chamber near the first condenser 41 is provided with a second outlet 422 communicated with the second compressor 46.
The end of the third heat exchange chamber near the first compressor 45 is provided with a third inlet 441 communicating with the second compressor 46, and the end of the third heat exchange chamber near the first throttle valve 43 is provided with a third outlet 442 communicating with the second throttle valve 47.
During operation of the auxiliary cooling unit, the coolant in the conduit thereof passes through the second throttle valve 47 and then enters the second heat exchange chamber to evaporate into a gaseous state while absorbing heat of the coolant in the second condenser 42. After the heat of the coolant in the second condenser 42 is absorbed, on one hand, the condensation heat of the high-temperature water heating component can be fully utilized, and on the other hand, the temperature of the coolant in the second condenser 42 can be reduced below the zero boundary point of the coolant, so that the working efficiency of the high-temperature water heating component is effectively ensured. Therefore, the water entering through the water inlet of the first condenser 41 of the first-stage condensed water can be water with the temperature of 5-50 ℃ without being limited by the zero boundary point of the coolant, thereby affecting the normal operation of the high-temperature water heating assembly.
The coolant in the second heat exchange chamber is evaporated into a gaseous state, compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure gas by the second compressor 46, and then enters the third heat exchange chamber for condensation and heat release. The heat released in the third exchange chamber is absorbed and utilized by the evaporator 44 for providing heat for the evaporation process of the coolant in the evaporator 44 of the high temperature water heating assembly. Thereby effectively improving the heating efficiency of the high temperature water heating assembly.
Compared with medium-frequency electric heating of a hollow sucker rod of a thickened oil well, the medium-frequency electric heating device has the following advantages:
1. The hollow sucker rod can be replaced to be electrically heated in medium frequency, so that the sucker rod of each oil well is not required to be manufactured into a hollow rod, and the cost for investment of the hollow rod is reduced;
2. according to the viscosity of the thick oil, the equipment can be manufactured into an active heating mode, and one machine is provided with multiple pipes, so that the heating investment cost of each well is greatly reduced;
3. the running electricity charge is reduced, and the electric energy is saved by 70% compared with medium-frequency electric heating;
4. The crude oil is diluted at the bottom of the well by increasing the temperature, the viscosity is reduced, the electric energy is saved, the pumping efficiency is improved, and the oil and the yield are increased.
Compared with the internal circulation hot water heating of the double hollow sucker rod of the thick oil well, the invention has the following advantages:
1. The double hollow sucker rod can be replaced for heating, so that the high investment cost of the double hollow sucker rod is reduced;
2. the double hollow rods are formed by connecting a plurality of double hollow rods, and the O-shaped sealing rings at the connecting positions are easy to leak and maintain again, so that the operation cost is increased; the sealing problem is not involved, and the running cost is reduced;
3. According to different well conditions, the two types of fixed type and movable type can be processed; the oil well with serious thick oil can be heated in a fixed way, the thick oil is not serious, and according to the actual situation, the thick oil can be heated in a movable way, and the cost of primary investment is greatly reduced by multiple pipes of one machine;
4. can clean the oil pump 14 and remove wax dirt of the oil pipe 12, greatly improve the pump efficiency, and increase the oil and the yield.
The fixed heating means that the heat pump is fixedly arranged on the ground near the oil well, and the high-temperature hot water for diluting and heating the crude oil is fixedly provided for the oil well. The fixed heating is mainly suitable for oil wells with high content of thick oil in crude oil.
The movable heating means that a sliding wheel set is arranged at the bottom of the heat pump, or the movable heating means that the vehicle-mounted heat pump is arranged on the ground of an oil well accessory, so that the oil well is cleaned, well flushing operation is carried out on the oil well, or high-temperature hot water for diluting and heating crude oil is provided, and when heating is not needed, the heat pump can be removed and then moved to other needed oil wells for use. The movable heating is mainly suitable for oil wells with low heavy oil content in crude oil.
The special air source high-temperature paraffin removal well cleaning device for the oil field is adopted for paraffin removal well cleaning operation, and comprises the following steps:
S1, starting a booster pump 51 to work, and enabling water in a water inlet pipeline 5 to enter the heat pump after being pressurized so as to improve the boiling point of the water;
S2, starting a heat pump to work, and heating the pressurized water to 100-120 ℃ to form high-temperature high-pressure hot water;
S3, conveying high-temperature high-pressure hot water at 100-120 ℃ into the oil sleeve annular space 101 through the high-temperature water pipe 3, performing decompression injection on the high-temperature high-pressure hot water into the annular space of the oil pipe 12 to form water vapor, liquefying the water vapor after heat release to form high-temperature normal-pressure hot water, and quickly reducing the temperature of the high-temperature normal-pressure hot water which initially enters the annular space of the oil pipe 12, gradually forming a thermal field, slowly reducing the temperature, enabling the high-temperature normal-pressure hot water to flow in the oil sleeve annular space 101 from top to bottom, simultaneously transferring heat to the oil pipe 12, and heating the interior of the oil pipe 12 to melt oil wax attached to the inner wall of the oil pipe 12;
S4, after high-temperature normal-pressure hot water flows to the lower end of the oil sleeve annular space 101, the pumping unit 16 is started to drive the pumping rod 13 to move up and down so as to enable the oil pump 14 to work, the high-temperature normal-pressure hot water is pumped into the oil pipe and continuously flows to the upper end of the oil pipe 12 from the lower end of the oil pipe 12, and melted oil wax flows upwards along with hot water in the oil pipe 12 in the process that the high-temperature normal-pressure hot water flows in the oil pipe 12 and is finally discharged through the oil extraction pipeline 2, so that the effect of thoroughly cleaning the oil pipe 12 is achieved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an oil extraction method, in the oil extraction process, the special air source high-temperature paraffin removal well flushing device for the oil field is utilized for diluting and heating crude oil, and the method comprises the following steps:
S1, starting a booster pump 51 to work, and enabling water in a water inlet pipeline 5 to enter the heat pump after being pressurized so as to improve the boiling point of the water;
S2, starting a heat pump to work, and heating the pressurized water to 100-120 ℃ to form high-temperature high-pressure hot water;
S3, conveying high-temperature high-pressure hot water at 100-120 ℃ into the oil sleeve annular space 101 through the high-temperature water pipe 3, performing decompression injection on the high-temperature high-pressure hot water into the annular space of the oil pipe 12 to form water vapor, liquefying the water vapor after heat release to form high-temperature normal-pressure hot water, and quickly reducing the temperature of the high-temperature normal-pressure hot water which initially enters the annular space of the oil pipe 12, gradually forming a thermal field, slowly reducing the temperature, enabling the high-temperature normal-pressure hot water to flow in the oil sleeve annular space 101 from top to bottom, simultaneously transferring heat to the oil pipe 12, and preserving the heat inside the oil pipe 12;
s4, flowing high-temperature normal-pressure hot water to the lower end of the oil jacket annular space 101, and then mixing the hot water with crude oil to form a high-temperature oil-water mixture;
S5, starting the pumping unit 16 to drive the pumping polished rod 13 to move up and down so as to enable the oil pump 14 to work, pumping the high-temperature oil-water mixture into the oil pipe 12 and lifting the high-temperature oil-water mixture to the upper end of the oil pipe 12, and conveying the high-temperature oil-water mixture through the oil extraction pipeline 2 and collecting the high-temperature oil-water mixture into a collecting and conveying pipeline.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An air source high-temperature paraffin removal well cleaning device special for an oil field is characterized in that: comprises a high-temperature water heating device communicated with an oil well system;
The oil well system comprises a casing (11), an oil pipe (12), a blowout prevention box (15), an oil pump (14) and an oil pumping polished rod (13), wherein the oil pumping polished rod (13), the oil pipe (12) and the casing (11) are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the blowout prevention box (15) is connected with the upper end of the oil pipe (12) in a sealing mode, the oil pump (14) is connected with the lower end of the oil pipe (12) in a sealing mode, a piston of the oil pump (14) is connected with the lower end of the oil pumping polished rod (13), an oil sleeve annular space (101) with a closed upper end is arranged between the oil pipe (12) and the casing (11), and an oil extraction pipeline (2) communicated with the oil pipe (12) is arranged outside the upper end of the oil sleeve annular space (101);
The high-temperature water heating device is a heat pump with the water outlet temperature range of 100-120 ℃, the water inlet end of the heat pump is communicated with a water source through a water inlet pipeline (5), a booster pump (51) is arranged on the water inlet pipeline (5), and the water outlet end of the heat pump is communicated with the oil jacket annular space (101) from the upper end side wall of the sleeve (11) through a high-temperature water pipeline (3);
the oil pumping optical rod (13) is a solid rod, and the water source is oilfield doped water.
2. The oilfield dedicated air source high temperature paraffin removal well cleanup device of claim 1, wherein: a high-temperature water valve (31) is arranged between the high-temperature water pipeline (3) and the sleeve (11).
3. The oilfield dedicated air source high temperature paraffin removal well cleanup device of claim 1, wherein: an oil extraction valve (21) is arranged between the oil extraction pipeline (2) and the oil pipe (12).
4. The oilfield dedicated air source high temperature paraffin removal well cleanup device of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the high-temperature water pipeline (3) is provided with a heat preservation and insulation layer.
5. The oilfield dedicated air source high temperature paraffin removal well cleanup device of claim 1, wherein: the heat pump is an air source heat pump (4).
6. The oilfield dedicated air source high temperature paraffin removal well cleanup device of claim 5, wherein: the air source heat pump (4) comprises a high-temperature water heating component and an auxiliary cooling component;
The high-temperature water heating assembly comprises a first condenser (41), a second condenser (42), a first throttle valve (43), an evaporator (44) and a first compressor (45) which are communicated into a closed loop through pipelines in sequence;
The first condenser (41) is provided with a first heat exchange cavity, one end of the first heat exchange cavity, which is close to the second condenser (42), is provided with a water inlet, one end of the first heat exchange cavity, which is close to the compressor, is provided with a water outlet, the water inlet is communicated with the water inlet pipeline (5), and the water outlet is communicated with the high-temperature water pipeline (3);
The second condenser (42) has a second heat exchange chamber;
the evaporator (44) having a third heat exchange chamber;
The auxiliary cooling assembly comprises a second compressor (46) and a second throttle valve (47), and the second compressor (46), the third heat exchange cavity, the second throttle valve (47) and the second heat exchange cavity are communicated into a closed loop through pipelines in sequence.
7. The oilfield dedicated air source high temperature paraffin removal well cleanup device of claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the pumping rod (13) is connected with a pumping unit (16).
8. A method of oil recovery, characterized by: in the oil recovery process, the oil dilution and heating by using the air source high-temperature paraffin removal well cleanup device special for oil fields as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps:
S1, starting a booster pump (51) to work, and enabling water in a water inlet pipeline (5) to enter the heat pump after being pressurized so as to improve the boiling point of the water;
S2, starting a heat pump to work, and heating the pressurized water to 100-120 ℃ to form high-temperature high-pressure hot water;
S3, conveying high-temperature high-pressure hot water at 100-120 ℃ into an oil sleeve annular space (101) through a high-temperature water pipeline (3), performing reduced-pressure injection on the high-temperature high-pressure hot water into an oil pipe (12) annular space to form water vapor, liquefying the water vapor after heat release to form high-temperature normal-pressure hot water, enabling the high-temperature normal-pressure hot water to flow in the oil sleeve annular space (101) from top to bottom, and simultaneously transferring heat to the oil pipe (12);
s4, flowing high-temperature normal-pressure hot water to the lower end of the oil sleeve annular space (101) and then mixing the hot water with crude oil to form a high-temperature oil-water mixture;
s5, the oil pumping rod (13) moves up and down to enable the oil pump (14) to work, and the high-temperature oil-water mixture is pumped into the oil pipe (12) and lifted to the upper end of the oil pipe (12).
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| CN201810031602.1A CN107939339B (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | High-temperature paraffin removal well cleaning device for air source special for oil field and adoption method |
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| CN201810031602.1A CN107939339B (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | High-temperature paraffin removal well cleaning device for air source special for oil field and adoption method |
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| CN116658121B (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-10 | 大庆世明达机械制造有限公司 | Oil pipe heating blocking removing device special for oil field |
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| CN107939339A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
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