CN1079387C

CN1079387C - Ammonium carbonate fertilizer containing bentone as filler

Info

Publication number: CN1079387C
Application number: CN96117330A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 栾文楼
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-12-20
Filing date: 1996-12-20
Publication date: 2002-02-20
Anticipated expiration: 2016-12-20
Also published as: CN1185424A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a carbon-ammonium chemical fertilizer mixture using bentonite as stuffing for overcoming the defects of short fertilizer efficiency, easy loss, etc. of carbon-ammonium chemical fertilizers. The montmorillonite crystal position of bentonite is more than 60%, an expansion multiple is more than 6 ml/g, a grain size is from 100 to 200 meshes, water content is less than 12%, and carbon-ammonium and the bentonite have the mixing ratio of (1.5 to 4): 1. The present invention uses the water absorption, the adsorbing property and the ion-exchange power of the bentonite to play a role in nitrogen fixation, prolong fertility and reduce the loss of fertilizer efficiency, and at the same time, the carbon-ammonium chemical fertilizer mixture plays a role in soil moisture preservation and introduces trace elements.

Description

With the wilkinite is the ammonium carbonate fertilizer containing of filler

The present invention relates to a kind of is the ammonium carbonate fertilizer containing of filler with the wilkinite, belongs to the nitrogenous fertilizer mixture technical field that contains soil conditioner.

The bicarbonate of ammonia chemical fertilizer is commonly called as little chemical fertilizer, is a kind of at the lower nitrogenous fertilizer of the widely used nitrogen content of China, because the facility investment scale of this chemical fertilizer of production is less, technology is fairly simple, so still have bigger market in China.But there are many shortcomings in the carbon ammonium, lumps easily or decomposition failure in transportation preservation process; Use in the input farmland, and the fertilizer efficiency effect is too fast, decomposes rapidly, and farm crop have little time to absorb, and can't continue for a long time to work, and life-time service carbon ammonium also can cause soil compaction.For improving the slow releasing function of carbon ammonium, a kind of membrane technique that is a granulated into is used, and uses organic membrane-forming agent that carbon ammonium parcel granulating is reduced its decomposition rate, and obviously these organic membrane-forming agents being drawn the farmland can have a negative impact.

Another approach that improves carbon ammonium fertilizer efficiency is to utilize solidifying agent and nitrate reductase inhibitor, forms eutectic or mixture with the carbon ammonium, and process reform is big, and production cost is higher, fails penetration and promotion.

The present invention seeks to disclose a kind of is the ammonium carbonate fertilizer containing of filler with the wilkinite, can improve carbon ammonium fertilizer efficiency and is convenient to promote the use of.

Task of the present invention is achieved in that

With the wilkinite is the ammonium carbonate fertilizer containing mixture of filler, mix by wilkinite and bicarbonate of ammonia, and wherein bentonitic smectite content 〉=60%, bentonitic expansion multiple 〉=6 milliliter/gram, granularity is the 100-200 order, water content≤12%; The carbon ammonium is 1.5-4 to described bentonitic weight ratio: 1, and both mix.

The present invention utilizes bentonitic water-absorbent, adsorptivity and cation exchange capacity (CEC) to play nitrogen fixation, reduce the fertilizer efficiency loss of carbon ammonium and make its long-actingization of fertility, life-time service not only can be prevented the harden harm of blocking ammonium to soil, can also play conditioning soil moisture conservation effect to soil, and introduce trace element.This mixed type ammonium carbonate fertilizer containing production cost is lower, can reduce the input of agriculture production.

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is specified.

Wilkinite also often contains non-clay minerals such as clay minerals such as illite, kaolinite and zeolite, cristobalite to be that montmorillonite is the tonstein of essential mineral except that montmorillonite.Montmorillonite is the aqueous aluminium silicate mineral of stratiform, forms by a folder aluminium (magnesium) oxygen (hydrogen-oxygen) in two silicon-oxy tetrahedrons is octahedra, belongs to 2: 1 stratotypes.The part high valence ion is caused crystal layer with producing permanent negative charge by the low price ion exchange in the crystal, and it relies on adsorbs positively charged ion in the hope of charge balance between crystal layer, and the positively charged ion that is adsorbed between crystal layer is tradable.The above constitutional features of montmorillonite determines bentonitic following physico-chemical property:

(1) have strong water-absorbent and swelling property, adsorbable 8-15 is doubly to the water yield of own vol, surplus times of volumetric expansion several times to 30;

(2) strong adsorptivity;

(3) strong cation exchange capacity (CEC) is about 80-150 milligramequivalent/100 grams.

Ammonium ion is entered the montmorillonite lattice by displacement after adding wilkinite in the carbon ammonium, plays fixed nitrogen and slow releasing function; Decomposing the amino molecule that comes out can be asked absorption by the montmorillonite crystal layer, runs off to reduce fertilizer efficiency.So bentonitic quality control is very important in the mixing fertilizer.60% grade requirement can guarantee to mix the fundamental property of filler in the fertilizer, meets bentonitic geological occurrence again.Nature, grade is high more good more, but the montmorillonite grade economically can be not valuable in purification or the process of enriching raising wilkinite if adopt.

Bentonitic expansion multiple index is a composite target of bentonitic water-absorbent and adsorptivity, and the minimum controlling index of the present invention's regulation is 6 a milliliters/gram.The higher quality index can reduce mixes bentonitic usage ratio in the fertilizer.

Wilkinite crushing and screening after quality control is dried to moisture content and is not more than 12% to the 100-200 order, and then with carbon ammonium thorough mixing.Under the lower situation of wilkinite quality, the consumption of carbon ammonium can be bentonitic 1.5-2 doubly, the wilkinite of higher-grade montmorillonite, and grade can reach 90%, and bentonitic in this case usually over-all properties is also better, and the consumption of carbon ammonium can reach 3-4 doubly.If life-time service closes bentonitic ammonium carbonate fertilizer containing, can progressively reduce bentonite consumption on the other hand.So produce the mixing fertilizer product contain different carbon ammonium ratios and also be the requirement that meets the human consumer.

In transportation preservation process, wilkinite can reduce the caking tendency of carbon ammonium and prolong its preservation period, a small amount of carbon ammonium that decomposes, and ammonia can be adsorbed, the unlikely loss of fertilizer efficiency.Fertilising rear section ammonium ion is entered the montmorillonite lattice by displacement, is displaced again for plant absorbing after ammonium concentration in the soil descends, thereby has fundamentally overcome fugitive this defective of ammonium carbonate fertilizer containing.Itself has soil moisture conservation wilkinite, and this is very useful for arid, semiarid zone and sandy soil.Wilkinite also contains the necessary trace element of a large amount of plants simultaneously, as K, Na, Ca, P etc., can be considered natural mineral fertilizer.

Claims

1, a kind of is the ammonium carbonate fertilizer containing of filler with the wilkinite, it is characterized in that described chemical fertilizer is mixed by wilkinite and bicarbonate of ammonia, wherein bentonitic smectite content 〉=60%, and bentonitic expansion multiple 〉=6 milliliter/gram, granularity is the 100-200 order, moisture content≤12%; The carbon ammonium is 1.5-4 to described bentonitic weight ratio during mixing: 1.