CN107937993A - A kind of preparation method of long bamboo fiber - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of long bamboo fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN107937993A CN107937993A CN201711415682.2A CN201711415682A CN107937993A CN 107937993 A CN107937993 A CN 107937993A CN 201711415682 A CN201711415682 A CN 201711415682A CN 107937993 A CN107937993 A CN 107937993A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
- D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
- D01C1/02—Treatment of vegetable material by chemical methods to obtain bast fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
- D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of long bamboo fiber, belong to plant fiber production technical field, solve the problems, such as existing preparation method low production efficiency, yield is low, contaminated wastewater is heavy.This method comprises the following steps：Bamboo wood section, high temperature high pressure process, tear processing, enzymatic treatment, chemical treatment, drying, combing processing.The obtained bamboo fiber of the present invention has the characteristics that：45 centimetres of average fiber length, fineness are public not less than 100 to prop up, and yield is not less than 60%.In addition, also having, production efficiency high (a production line annual output is not less than 50,000 tons), contaminated wastewater is light, the beneficial effect of fiber softening.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of bamboo fiber, more particularly to a kind of preparation method of long bamboo fiber, belongs to
In plant fiber production technical field.
Background technology
Bamboo is the important forest reserves, and China is bamboo resource country the abundantest, bamboo species up to more than 500
Kind, up to 5,000,000 hectares of cultivated area.Over nearly more than 20 years, the industrialization of bamboo wood is developed rapidly, and bamboo industry has become
One new source of economic growth of forestry in China.Bamboo fibre is another tencel after cotton, fiber crops, hair, silk.According to adding
Work method is different, and bamboo fibre can be divided into regenerated bamboo fiber (viscose fiber) and natural bamboo fibres (also referred to as bamboo fiber).Again
Raw bamboo fibre is by being acutely chemically treated bamboo wood, being eliminated as much as lignin in bamboo wood, hemicellulose, pectin, resin
Bamboo dissolved pulp is obtained Deng non-cellulose component, and further bamboo dissolved pulp is dissolved using alkaline carbon disulfide, spinning etc.
Working process, the viscose rayon finally obtained, original property of its bamboo wood have changed.Bamboo fiber is typically by removing bamboo
After blue or green, tabasheer and ring, after carrying out roll compacting repeatedly to bamboo wood using gear or roller, using boiling, drying, fibrillation and combing etc.
Multiple working procedure, removes the material such as lignin, hemicellulose and pectin in bamboo, the protofibre extracted, the fiber of acquisition
Chemicals content is very low, is a kind of pure natural fiber of real meaning.After combing, bamboo fiber can be divided into long bamboo
Fibrillation and short bamboo fiber.It is excellent that bamboo fiber maintains moisture absorption possessed by original ecological bamboo fiber, ventilative, wear-resisting, antibacterial etc.
Good characteristic.Relative to regenerated fiber (viscose fiber), bamboo fiber has the characteristics that yield is high, available for prepare textile fabric,
The multiple fields such as wood plastic composite, pipeline, inner lining of automobile, bedding, wherein long bamboo fiber is commonly used for preparing weaving
Fiber.
Traditional bamboo fiber actual production technological process includes bamboo wood stock, one section of high temeperature chemistry is handled, rolled, two sections
High temeperature chemistry processing, dry, fibrillation processing, combing processing are made.In this technological process, multistage rolls processing and uses double roller,
And usually manual operation, production efficiency are relatively low.Biological treatment is positioned over after chemical treatment, although by washing, due to
Washing degree cannot be too strong, in order to avoid causing fiber yield too low, therefore can bring toxicity problem to follow-up biological treatment, cause
Biological treatment effect is bad.In chemical treating process in addition to adding alkali, a variety of chemical assistants such as softening agent are also added,
And base amount is more in two sections of chemical treating processes, fiber manufacturing process contaminated wastewater degree is larger.Meanwhile multistage carding process
In will also result in fiber loss especially staple fiber and be lost in more, therefore final yield is relatively low, traditional bamboo fiber preparation method
Fiber yield be generally not more than 40%, annual output is not higher than 50,000 tons.
Patent CN104651953A discloses a kind of production method of bamboo fiber, comprises the following steps：By bamboo surface
Bamboo green grass or young crops remove, be then placed in circulating water and immerse 10 days~20 days, take out, clean up, be then split into width along machine direction
For 10 millimeters~20 millimeters of bamboo chip；Obtained bamboo chip is put into high steam pot, then adds 5 times~8 times bamboo chips
The cooked solution of volume, is heated to 200 DEG C~210 DEG C, insulation cook 4 it is small when~5 it is small when, take out, rinsed well with water, dripped
It is dry；Wherein, the cooked solution is by sodium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, sodium thiosulfate, vulcanized sodium and water hydroxide in mass ratio
Sodium:Sodium metasilicate:Sodium thiosulfate:Vulcanized sodium:Water=6:0.1:0.06:0.06:100, it is uniformly mixed and is made；By the bamboo after processing
Piece is put into the zymotic fluid of 6 times~10 times bamboo chip volumes, and control fermentation temperature is at 35~45 DEG C, when fermentation 4~6 is small,
Take out, rinsed well, drained with water；Wherein, the zymotic fluid is by quality by lignoenzyme, pectase, hemicellulase, water
Compare lignoenzyme:Pectase:Hemicellulase:Water=1:1:2:100, it is uniformly mixed and is made；Bamboo chip after processing is floated
White processing, soft treatment, are made.
Above-mentioned bamboo fiber preparation method there are low production efficiency, yield is low, contaminated wastewater is serious the problems such as, limit bamboo
The large-scale production and popularization and application of fibrillation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of long bamboo fiber, existing preparation method production efficiency is solved
It is low, yield is low, contaminated wastewater weight the problem of.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention comprises the following steps：
Bamboo wood section, high temperature high pressure process, tear processing, enzymatic treatment, chemical treatment, drying, combing processing.
Specifically include following steps：
Step 1, section：Bamboo is cut into slices；
Step 2, bamboo chip high temperature high pressure process：The bamboo chip that step 1 is obtained is placed in high temperature (90-130 DEG C) high pressure (1-
Water-bath boiling 20-90 minutes is carried out in container 3MPa), it is then drained and standby.
Step 3, bamboo chip tear processing：Bamboo chip after step 2 is handled carries out 1-3 roads machinery with screw extrusion shredder and tears
Processing is split, obtains the bamboo fiber bundle of bulk shape.
Step 4, enzymatic treatment：The bulk shape bamboo fiber bundle that step 3 is obtained, which is placed in biological enzyme liquid, to be handled.
Step 5, chemical treatment：Bamboo fiber bundle after step 4 enzymatic treatment is chemically treated, softens bamboo fibre,
It is disposed and is washed.
Step 6, drying：The fiber utilization impinging stream drying machine that step 5 obtains is dried.
Step 7, comb：By the dried fiber of step 6 up to short bamboo fiber after carding machine combs.
Further：
4-6 centimetres of bamboo chip length being cut into the step 1,2-3 millimeters of thickness.If bamboo chip length is too long, shredder
Not disposable, length is too short, does not reach long stapled length requirement.If bamboo chip is too thick, follow-up water bath processing is not easy to be impregnated with,
Bamboo chip is too thin, is easily broken off.
The ratio of bamboo chip and water adds 3 liters of water for 1kg bamboo chips in the step 2.
The screw extrusion shredder used in the step 3, its compression ratio are 4.
For the biology enzyme used in the step 4 for alkaline pectase, treatment temperature is 40-60 DEG C, pH 7-9, processing time
30-120 minutes, alkaline pectin enzyme dosage was 5-20IU/kg bone dry fibers, the bamboo fiber bundle mass concentration 5-15% of processing.
Chemical treatment is carried out using alkaline sodium sulfite in the step 5, and temperature is 80-130 DEG C, processing time 30-90
Minute, NaOH dosages are 0.2-0.5% relative to bone dry fiber quality, Na2SO3Dosage is 0.3-0.5% relative to bone dry fiber
Quality, the bamboo fiber bundle mass concentration 15-25% of processing.
Impinging stream drying in the step 6,70-120 DEG C of gas flow temperature, the ratio between fibre mass flow and gas mass flows
For 0.02-0.06.
Fiber combs 1-2 times through carding machine in the step 7.Carding times are reduced, and cost declines, yield increase, comb
Reason number is more, and long stapled yield is lower.
The present invention by screw extrusion shredder instead of traditional multiple roll mainly by rolling, biological treatment being placed in chemistry
Two sections of traditional a variety of chemical treatments of replacement are handled before processing, by single hop alkaline sulfite, fibrillation processing is removed, will clash
Stream is dry to be replaced traditional steam drying, reduces carding times to realize.
The present invention using spiral tear processing can obtain more loose bamboo fiber bundle, be conducive to follow-up biology enzyme and
Chemicals is impregnated with, and can continuous production, production efficiency is high.Before biological treatment is placed in chemical treatment, avoiding
The toxicity problem that processing is brought, can improve the effect of biological treatment.The processing of single hop alkaline sulfite is replaced traditional two
Section chemical treatment, due to the sulfonation of lignin in fiber so that bamboo fiber becomes hydrophilic, soft, is realizing fiber softening
Reduce the use species and dosage of chemicals at the same time.Impinging stream drying can make fibre bundle again while fiber drying is realized
Or fiber completely separates, traditional steam drying and fibrillation processing instead of.
The obtained bamboo fiber of the present invention has the characteristics that：4-5 centimetres of average fiber length, fineness are not less than 100
Public affairs branch, yield are not less than 60%.In addition, also there is production efficiency high (a production line annual output is not less than 50,000 tons), waste water dirt
Dye is light, the beneficial effect of fiber softening.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of flexible bamboo fiber, includes the following steps：
Step 1, section：Bamboo is cut into slices, 4-6 centimetres of bamboo chip length, 2-3 millimeters of thickness.
Step 2, bamboo chip high temperature high pressure process：Bamboo chip is placed in 110 DEG C, hot water is carried out in the container of pressure 1.5MPa and locates in advance
Reason 30 minutes.The ratio of wood chip and water is the corresponding 3 liters of water of 1kg wood chips.
Step 3, bamboo chip tear processing：By the screw extrusion shredder that the bamboo chip compression ratio after high temperature high pressure process is 4
The processing of 2 mechanical tears is carried out, obtains the bamboo fiber bundle of bulk shape.
Step 4, enzymatic treatment：The bamboo fiber bundle of bulk shape is placed in temperature as 50 DEG C, the alkaline pectase of pH 8.0 mixes
Handled 90 minutes in liquid, alkaline pectin enzyme dosage is 15IU/kg bone dry fibers, and the bamboo fiber bundle mass concentration of processing is 10%.
Step 5, chemical treatment：Bamboo fiber bundle after enzymatic treatment is chemically treated using alkaline sodium sulfite,
100 DEG C of temperature, 60 minutes processing times, NaOH dosages are for 0.3% relative to bone dry fiber quality, Na2SO3Dosage 0.4% is phase
For bone dry fiber quality, the bamboo fiber bundle mass concentration of processing is 15%.It is disposed and is washed, realizes bamboo fiber
Softening.
Step 6, drying：The fiber utilization impinging stream drying machine that chemical treatment obtains is dried, gas flow temperature 110
DEG C, the ratio between fibre mass flow and gas mass flows are 0.05.
Step 7, comb：Dried fiber is combed 2 times on carding machine, up to bamboo fiber, fiber yield 65%,
4.42 centimetres of average fiber length, the bamboo fiber of the public branch of fibre fineness 105.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of bamboo fiber, includes the following steps：
Step 1, section：Bamboo is cut into slices, 4-6 centimetres of bamboo chip length, 2-3 millimeters of thickness.
Step 2, bamboo chip high temperature high pressure process：Bamboo chip is placed in 120 DEG C, hot water is carried out in the container of pressure 1.2MPa and locates in advance
Reason 40 minutes.The ratio of wood chip and water is the corresponding 3 liters of water of 1kg wood chips.
Step 3, bamboo chip tear processing：By the screw extrusion shredder that the bamboo chip compression ratio after high temperature high pressure process is 4
The processing of 2 mechanical tears is carried out, obtains the bamboo fiber bundle of bulk shape.
Step 4, enzymatic treatment：The bamboo fiber bundle of bulk shape is placed in temperature as 55 DEG C, the alkaline pectase of pH 8.5 mixes
Handled 80 minutes in liquid, alkaline pectin enzyme dosage is 18IU/kg bone dry fibers, and the bamboo fiber bundle mass concentration of processing is 12%.
Step 5, chemical treatment：Bamboo fiber bundle after enzymatic treatment is chemically treated using alkaline sodium sulfite,
120 DEG C of temperature, 40 minutes processing times, NaOH dosages are for 0.2% relative to bone dry fiber quality, Na2SO3Dosage is 0.3% phase
For bone dry fiber quality, the bamboo fiber bundle mass concentration 15% of processing.It is disposed and is washed, realizes the soft of bamboo fiber
Change.
Step 6, drying：The fiber utilization impinging stream drying machine that chemical treatment obtains is dried, gas flow temperature 100
DEG C, the ratio between fibre mass flow and gas mass flows are 0.04.
Step 7, comb：Dried fiber is combed 1 time on carding machine, up to bamboo fiber, fiber yield 73%,
4.85 centimetres of average fiber length, the bamboo fiber of the public branch of fibre fineness 112.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of bamboo fiber, includes the following steps：
Step 1, section：Bamboo is cut into slices, 4-6 centimetres of bamboo chip length, 2-3 millimeters of thickness.
Step 2, bamboo chip high temperature high pressure process：Bamboo chip is placed in 125 DEG C, hot water is carried out in the container of pressure 1.0MPa and locates in advance
Reason 20 minutes.The ratio of wood chip and water is the corresponding 3 liters of water of 1kg wood chips.
Step 3, bamboo chip tear processing：By the screw extrusion shredder that the bamboo chip compression ratio after high temperature high pressure process is 4
The processing of 3 mechanical tears is carried out, obtains the bamboo fiber bundle of bulk shape.
Step 4, enzymatic treatment：The bamboo fiber bundle of bulk shape is placed in temperature as 60 DEG C, the alkaline pectase of pH 8.0 mixes
Handled 70 minutes in liquid, alkaline pectin enzyme dosage is 10IU/kg bone dry fibers, and the bamboo fiber bundle mass concentration of processing is 10%.
Step 5, chemical treatment：Bamboo fiber bundle after enzymatic treatment is chemically treated using alkaline sodium sulfite,
130 DEG C of temperature, 30 minutes processing times, NaOH dosages are for 0.4% relative to bone dry fiber quality, Na2SO3Dosage is 0.3% phase
For bone dry fiber quality, the bamboo fiber bundle mass concentration 20% of processing.It is disposed and is washed, realizes the soft of bamboo fiber
Change.
Step 6, drying：The fiber utilization impinging stream drying machine that chemical treatment obtains is dried, gas flow temperature, 80
DEG C, the ratio between fibre mass flow and gas mass flows are 0.02.
Step 7, comb：Dried fiber is combed 2 times on carding machine, up to bamboo fiber, fiber yield 62%,
4.27 centimetres of average fiber length, the bamboo fiber of the public branch of fibre fineness 130.
Bamboo fiber yield prepared by the present invention is high, and preparation process contaminated wastewater is light, and production efficiency is high.
Although the foregoing describing the embodiment of the present invention, those familiar with the art should manage
Solution, we are merely exemplary described specific embodiment, rather than for the restriction to the scope of the present invention, are familiar with this
The equivalent modification and change that the technical staff in field is made in the spirit according to the present invention, should all cover the present invention's
In scope of the claimed protection.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. preparation method of long bamboo fiber, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：Bamboo wood section, high temperature high pressure process, Tear processing, enzymatic treatment, chemical treatment, drying, combing processing.
- 2. the preparation method of long bamboo fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Specifically include following steps：Step 1, section：Bamboo is cut into slices；Step 2, bamboo chip high temperature high pressure process：The bamboo chip that step 1 is obtained is placed in 90-130 DEG C of high temperature, the container of high pressure 1-3MPa Middle progress water-bath boiling 20-90 minutes, it is then drained and standby；Step 3, bamboo chip tear processing：Bamboo chip after step 2 is handled is carried out at 1-3 roads mechanical tear with screw extrusion shredder Reason, obtains the bamboo fiber bundle of bulk shape；Step 4, enzymatic treatment：The bulk shape bamboo fiber bundle that step 3 is obtained, which is placed in biological enzyme liquid, to be handled；Step 5, chemical treatment：Bamboo fiber bundle after step 4 enzymatic treatment is chemically treated, softens bamboo fibre, processing Finish and washed；Step 6, drying：The fiber utilization impinging stream drying machine that step 5 obtains is dried；Step 7, comb：By the dried fiber of step 6 up to long bamboo fiber after carding machine combs.
- 3. the preparation method of long bamboo fiber according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The bamboo being cut into the step 1 4-6 centimetres of leaf length, 2-3 millimeters of thickness.
- 4. the preparation method of long bamboo fiber according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Bamboo chip and water in the step 2 Ratio for 1kg bamboo chips add 3 liters of water.
- 5. the preparation method of long bamboo fiber according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Used in the step 3 Screw extrusion shredder, its compression ratio are 4.
- 6. the preparation method of long bamboo fiber according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Used in the step 4 Biology enzyme is alkaline pectase, and treatment temperature is 40-60 DEG C, pH 7-9, processing time 30-120 minute, alkaline pectin enzyme dosage For 5-20IU/kg bone dry fibers, the bamboo fiber bundle mass concentration of processing is 5-15%.
- 7. the preparation method of long bamboo fiber according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In the step 5 at chemistry Reason is carried out using alkaline sodium sulfite, and temperature is 80-130 DEG C, and processing time 30-90 minute, NaOH dosages are 0.2-0.5% phases For bone dry fiber quality, Na2SO3Dosage is dense relative to bone dry fiber quality, the bamboo fiber bundle quality of processing for 0.3-0.5% Spend for 15-25%.
- 8. the preparation method of long bamboo fiber according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Head-on collision drains off in the step 6 The drying condition of dry machine is：70-120 DEG C of gas flow temperature, the ratio between fibre mass flow and gas mass flows are 0.02-0.06.
- 9. the preparation method of long bamboo fiber according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Fiber passes through in the step 7 Carding machine combs 1-2 times.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110419745A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-08 | 四川丰泰食品科技有限公司 | A kind of extraction and application of bamboo shoot case fibre |
| CN110978171A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 张明勋 | Preparation method and application of bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo |
| CN111072351A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-04-28 | 福建农林大学 | Modified bamboo fiber reinforced cement mortar and preparation method thereof |
| CN114277597A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-04-05 | 赣南师范大学 | Method for separating bamboo fiber |
| CN115323553A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-11 | 河南省巴迪瑞体育用品有限公司 | Sportswear fabric with antibacterial, deodorizing and moisture absorbing effects and sportswear |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114277597A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-04-05 | 赣南师范大学 | Method for separating bamboo fiber |
| CN115323553A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-11 | 河南省巴迪瑞体育用品有限公司 | Sportswear fabric with antibacterial, deodorizing and moisture absorbing effects and sportswear |
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