CN107936966A - The preparation method of carbon quantum dot and its method for detecting trace arsenite - Google Patents
The preparation method of carbon quantum dot and its method for detecting trace arsenite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to monitor manufacture field, and in particular to a kind of carbon quantum dot and its method for detecting trace arsenite.The preparation of GJPTW is first carried out, is then carrying out the preparation of SH GJPTW, finally carries out the processing of corresponding detection arsenite.The sepectrophotofluorometer cost of equipment of the method for the invention detection fluorescence spectrum is relatively low, without cumbersome processing；Carbon nano-particle in used carbon quantum dot fluorescence probe has good dynamics and thermodynamic property, physical and chemical stability, good water solubility, high-light-fastness, surface nature diversity, is easy to chemical modification and forms functional environmental-friendly carbon nano-particle；The carbon quantum dot of preparation is free of heavy metal；There is good sensitivity for trace trivalent arsenic.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to monitor manufacture field, and in particular to a kind of carbon quantum dot and its for detecting trace arsenite
Method.
Background technology
At present, in environmental monitoring and analysis, the assay method of arsenic ion mainly by：Complexometry, electrochemical methods, efficiently
Liquid chromatography, the chromatography of ions, gas chromatography, fluorescence analysis, atomic absorption spectrography (AAS) and mass spectrography.Although these sides
Method is sensitive and reliable, but there are 1) need expensive large scale equipment instrument；2) preparation of sample and complex disposal process；3) select
Selecting property is poor；4) field quick detection can not be realized in time；5) it is not slow to the very high technical problem of operating personnel's technical requirements
To solution, it is therefore desirable to pay close attention to.
Wherein atomic absorption spectrography (AAS), atomic emission spectrometry and mass spectrography is most common arsenic detection method, these sides
Method is analyzed suitable for actual sample, but on-line monitoring expensive while difficult to realize.
Potassium borohydride-silver nitrate spectrophotometry can realize the on-line monitoring of arsenic, but be subject to the turbidity and colourity of water body
Have a great influence, interference it is larger.
Hydride Generation-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometric is economic and practical, and maintenance cost is low, and method is simple, but pretreatment process produces
Arsenic hydrogen compound toxicity is very big.
The content of the invention
For this reason, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome, prior art detection method toxicity is big, interference is strong,
Chromaticity distortion is big and the technical bottleneck such as technical Analysis method complexity cost height, so as to propose a kind of carbon quantum dot and its for examining
The method for surveying trace arsenite.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention discloses a kind of preparation method of carbon quantum dot, the method step is such as
Under：
1) preparation of GJPTW
Glucose, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine are dissolved in deionized water, obtain solution PTW；By solution PTW
Constant temperature preserves at 140-300 DEG C, obtains amber transparent settled solution JPTW, JPTW is carried out dialysis treatment with deionized water,
It is GJPTW that last frozen dried, which obtains brown-black powder solid,；
2) preparation of SH-GJPTW
By dimercaprol dimercaptopropanol or Sodium Dimercaptosuccinte or sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate, deionized water is dissolved in GJPTW, is obtained
Solution GJPTW-1 solution；By GJPTW-1 solution stir process, GJPTW-2 solution is obtained；GJPTW-2 solution is carried out at dialysis
Reason, it is SH-GJPTW that then frozen dried, which obtains chocolate brown powder solid,.
Preferably, the glucose and ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine mole and deionized water ratio be 1:2-5:
3-10：50-500.
Preferably, the dimercaprol dimercaptopropanol either Sodium Dimercaptosuccinte or sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate, with GJPTW and going
The molar ratio of ionized water is 1:2-10：50-5000.
Preferably, the alkyl in the alkyl mercaptoamine can be any in ethyl to dodecyl.
Preferably, the time that constant temperature described in the step 1) preserves is 0.5-12h.
Preferably, when the time of the step 1) and the dialysis treatment in step 2) is 24-72 small, bag filter is
1000-3000Da。
Preferably, the temperature of dynamic processing is -20 DEG C~-80 DEG C in the step 1), time 4-48h.
Preferably, the temperature of the stir process is 50-100 DEG C, when the time is 24-72 small.
The carbon quantum dot obtained the invention also discloses any one of a kind of method is used for the method for detecting arsenite, described
Method and step is as follows：
1) SH-GJPTW is dissolved in deionized water, obtains SH-GJPTW-1 solution, with phosphate buffer, adjusted molten
Liquid pH is 5-8, obtains SH-GJPTW-2 solution；
2) 0,1,2,5,8ppb arsenite standard substance solution is mixed with SH-GJPTW-2 solution respectively, obtains AS
(III)-SH-GJPTW-1,2,3,4,5 solution, with 0,1,2,5,8ppb trivalent arsenic concentration and AS (III)-SH-GJPTW-1,2,
3,4,5 fluorescence intensities carry out least-squares algorithm, obtain y=kx+b,
Wherein y is the concentration of trivalent arsenic, and x is not add arsenite standard substance fluorescence intensity and addition arsenite mark
The ratio of quasi- material fluorescence intensity, wherein k values are slope, and b is constant；
3) solution containing arsenite to be measured is mixed with SH-GJPTW-2 solution, fluorometric investigation, band is carried out using fluorescence method
Enter formula in step 2, obtain the content of trivalent arsenic.
It is more highly preferred to, the fluorescence exciting wavelength of the fluorescence method is 270nm, launch wavelength 400nm；The phosphate
The concentration of buffer solution is 0.5mol/L.
The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art：Arsenite of the present invention it is glimmering
Light sensing method, its fluorescence method have the advantages that linear dynamic range is wide, spectra1 interfer- is few, high sensitivity；Detect fluorescence spectrum
Sepectrophotofluorometer cost of equipment it is relatively low, without cumbersome processing；Carbon nanometer in used carbon quantum dot fluorescence probe
Particle has good dynamics and thermodynamic property, physical and chemical stability, good water solubility, high-light-fastness, superficiality
Matter diversity, be easy to chemical modification and form functional environmental-friendly carbon nano-particle；It is different from carbon quantum in the prior art
Point is most of all to contain the problem of heavy metal, meeting are to environment generation pollution, and the carbon quantum dot prepared by the present invention is free of heavy metal；
There is good sensitivity (2-10ppb) for trace trivalent arsenic；Therefore there is great market prospects and economic value.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Present embodiment discloses a kind of preparation method of carbon quantum dot, the method step are as follows for embodiment 1：
A. the preparation of carbon quantum dot
1) preparation of GJPTW
By glucose, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine (wherein, the alkyl in alkyl mercaptoamine can be ethyl, propyl group,
It is any in butyl to dodecyl), wherein the ratio of glucose and ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine is preferably 1:3:
6, it is dissolved in deionized water, obtains solution PTW；By solution PTW at 180 DEG C constant temperature 4h, obtain amber transparent settled solution
JPTW, by JPTW transfer 1000-3000Da bag filter in dialyse in deionized water 36 it is small when, freeze (minus 40 degree, 12h) must
It is GJPTW to brown-black powder solid；
The preparation of B.SH-GJPTW
By dimercaprol dimercaptopropanol and GJPTW be dissolved in deionized water (dimercaprol dimercaptopropanol and GJPTW and the deionized water and
The weight ratio of glucose described in described and step A. is 1:5:120：150:1) solution GJPTW-1, is obtained；GJPTW-1 is molten
Liquid obtains GJPTW-2 solution when stirring 26 is small under the conditions of 70 degree；GJPTW-2 solution is transferred to the dialysis of 1000-3000Da
Bag in dialyse in deionized water 36 it is small when, freeze (freeze temperature be minus 40 degree, the time be 12 it is small when) obtain chocolate brown powder
Solid is SH-GJPTW.
Carbon quantum dot prepared by the present embodiment, is a kind of nanoscale solids particle powder of water miscible sepia, grain
Footpath is 1-9nm, abbreviation SH-GJPTW；Substantial amounts of amido, carboxyl and mercapto functional group are contained in surface, these functional groups can be with three
The interaction of valency arsenic, which combines, is embedded into SH-GJPTW, obtains AS (III)-SH-GJPTW, this material has very high fluorescence, from
And realize the detection function of the arsenite for 1-10ppb.
Present embodiment discloses a kind of preparation method of carbon quantum dot, the method step are as follows for embodiment 2：
A. the preparation of carbon quantum dot
1) preparation of GJPTW
By glucose, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine (wherein, the alkyl in alkyl mercaptoamine can be ethyl, propyl group,
It is any in butyl to dodecyl) wherein the ratio of glucose and ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine be 1:2:10, it is molten
Solution obtains solution PTW in deionized water；By solution PTW under 140 degree constant temperature 12h, obtain amber transparent settled solution
JPTW, will dialyse in deionized water in the bag filter of JPTW transfers 1000Da 72 it is small when, lyophilized (minus 80 degree, 48h) obtain palm fibre
Black powder solid is GJPTW；
The preparation of B.SH-GJPTW
Dimercaprol dimercaptopropanol (Sodium Dimercaptosuccinte, sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate) and GJPTW are dissolved in deionized water, obtained molten
Liquid GJPTW-1；By GJPTW-1 solution when stirring 72 is small under the conditions of 50 degree, GJPTW-2 solution is obtained；GJPTW-2 solution is turned
Move on in the bag filter of 1000Da dialyse in deionized water 72 it is small when, it is lyophilized that to obtain chocolate brown powder solid be SH-
GJPTW。
In step 1) glucose and ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine mole and the ratio of deionized water be 1:2:10：
50；
Step 2) dimercaprol dimercaptopropanol (Sodium Dimercaptosuccinte, sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate) and GJPTW and mole of deionized water
Ratio is 1:10：50.
Carbon quantum dot prepared by the present embodiment, is a kind of nanoscale solids particle powder of water miscible sepia, grain
Footpath is 1-9nm, abbreviation SH-GJPTW；Substantial amounts of amido, carboxyl and mercapto functional group are contained in surface, these functional groups can be with three
The interaction of valency arsenic, which combines, is embedded into SH-GJPTW, obtains AS (III)-SH-GJPTW, this material has very high fluorescence, from
And realize the detection function of the arsenite for 1-10ppb.
Present embodiment discloses a kind of preparation method of carbon quantum dot, the method step are as follows for embodiment 3：
A. the preparation of carbon quantum dot
1) preparation of GJPTW
By glucose, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine (wherein, the alkyl in alkyl mercaptoamine can be ethyl, propyl group,
It is any in butyl to dodecyl) wherein the ratio of glucose and ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine be 1:5:3, dissolving
In deionized water, solution PTW is obtained；By solution PTW under 300 degree constant temperature 0.5h, obtain amber transparent settled solution JPTW,
To dialyse in deionized water in the bag filter of JPTW transfers 3000Da 24 it is small when, lyophilized (minus 20 degree, 4h) obtain dark brown toner
Last solid is GJPTW；
The preparation of B.SH-GJPTW
Dimercaprol dimercaptopropanol (Sodium Dimercaptosuccinte, sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate) and GJPTW are dissolved in deionized water, obtained molten
Liquid GJPTW-1；By GJPTW-1 solution when stirring 24 is small under the conditions of 100 degree, GJPTW-2 solution is obtained；By GJPTW-2 solution
Be transferred in the bag filter of 3000Da dialyse in deionized water 24 it is small when, it is lyophilized that to obtain chocolate brown powder solid be SH-
GJPTW。
In step 1) glucose and ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine mole and the ratio of deionized water be 1:5:3：
500。
Step 2) dimercaprol dimercaptopropanol (Sodium Dimercaptosuccinte, sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate) and GJPTW and mole of deionized water
Ratio is 1:2：5000.
Carbon quantum dot prepared by the present embodiment, is a kind of nanoscale solids particle powder of water miscible sepia, grain
Footpath is 1-9nm, abbreviation SH-GJPTW；Substantial amounts of amido, carboxyl and mercapto functional group are contained in surface, these functional groups can be with three
The interaction of valency arsenic, which combines, is embedded into SH-GJPTW, obtains AS (III)-SH-GJPTW, this material has very high fluorescence, from
And realize the detection function of the arsenite for 1-10ppb.
Embodiment 4 is used to detect arsenite present embodiment discloses the obtained SH-GJPTW carbon quantum dots of embodiment 1
Method, the method step is as follows：
1) SH-GJPTW is dissolved in deionized water, obtains SH-GJPTW-1 solution, delayed with the phosphate of 0.5mol/L
Fliud flushing, adjusts pH value of solution 7, obtains SH-GJPTW-2 solution；
2) arsenite standard substance solution (0,1,2,5,8ppb) is mixed with SH-GJPTW-2 solution respectively, obtains AS
(III)-SH-GJPTW-1,2,3,4,5 solution, with trivalent arsenic concentration (0,1,2,5,8ppb) and AS (III)-SH-GJPTW-1,
2,3,4,5 fluorescence intensities carry out least-squares algorithm, obtain y=kx+b, and wherein y is the concentration of trivalent arsenic, and x is not add arsenous
Hydrochlorate standard substance fluorescence intensity and the ratio for adding arsenite standard substance fluorescence intensity, wherein k values are slope, and b is normal
Number；
3) solution containing arsenite to be measured is mixed with SH-GJPTW-2 solution, fluorometric investigation, band is carried out using fluorescence method
Enter formula in step 2, obtain the content of trivalent arsenic；
4) excitation wavelength of fluorescence is 270nm, launch wavelength 400nm；
The mass content scope of step 1) SH-GJPTW is 3%, preferably 1.2%.
Embodiment 5 is used to detect arsenite present embodiment discloses the obtained SH-GJPTW carbon quantum dots of embodiment 2
Method, the method step is as follows：
1) SH-GJPTW is dissolved in deionized water, obtains SH-GJPTW-1 solution, delayed with the phosphate of 0.01mol/L
Fliud flushing, adjusts pH value of solution 8, obtains SH-GJPTW-2 solution；
2) arsenite standard substance solution (0,1,2,5,8ppb) is mixed with SH-GJPTW-2 solution respectively, obtains AS
(III)-SH-GJPTW-1,2,3,4,5 solution, with trivalent arsenic concentration (0,1,2,5,8ppb) and AS (III)-SH-GJPTW-1,
2,3,4,5 fluorescence intensities carry out least-squares algorithm, obtain y=kx+b, and wherein y is the concentration of trivalent arsenic, and x is not add arsenous
Hydrochlorate standard substance fluorescence intensity and the ratio for adding arsenite standard substance fluorescence intensity, wherein k values are slope, and b is normal
Number；
3) solution containing arsenite to be measured is mixed with SH-GJPTW-2 solution, fluorometric investigation, band is carried out using fluorescence method
Enter formula in step 2, obtain the content of trivalent arsenic；
4) excitation wavelength of fluorescence is 270nm, launch wavelength 350nm；
The mass content scope of step 1) SH-GJPTW is 5%.
Embodiment 6 is used to detect arsenite present embodiment discloses the obtained SH-GJPTW carbon quantum dots of embodiment 3
Method, the method step is as follows：
1) SH-GJPTW is dissolved in deionized water, obtains SH-GJPTW-1 solution, with the phosphate-buffered of 1mol/L
Liquid, adjusts pH value of solution 5, obtains SH-GJPTW-2 solution；
2) arsenite standard substance solution (0,1,2,5,8ppb) is mixed with SH-GJPTW-2 solution respectively, obtains AS
(III)-SH-GJPTW-1,2,3,4,5 solution, with trivalent arsenic concentration (0,1,2,5,8ppb) and AS (III)-SH-GJPTW-1,
2,3,4,5 fluorescence intensities carry out least-squares algorithm, obtain y=kx+b, and wherein y is the concentration of trivalent arsenic, and x is not add arsenous
Hydrochlorate standard substance fluorescence intensity and the ratio for adding arsenite standard substance fluorescence intensity, wherein k values are slope, and b is normal
Number；
3) solution containing arsenite to be measured is mixed with SH-GJPTW-2 solution, fluorometric investigation, band is carried out using fluorescence method
Enter formula in step 2, obtain the content of trivalent arsenic；
4) excitation wavelength of fluorescence is 270nm, launch wavelength 570nm；
The mass content scope of step 1) SH-GJPTW is 0.2%.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and the restriction not to embodiment.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of change or
Change.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of carbon quantum dot, it is characterised in that the method step is as follows：
1) preparation of GJPTW
Glucose, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and alkyl mercaptoamine are dissolved in deionized water, obtain solution PTW；Solution PTW is existed
Constant temperature preserves at 140-300 DEG C, obtains amber transparent settled solution JPTW, JPTW is carried out dialysis treatment with deionized water, most
It is GJPTW that frozen dried, which obtains brown-black powder solid, afterwards；
2) preparation of SH-GJPTW
By dimercaprol dimercaptopropanol or Sodium Dimercaptosuccinte or sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate, deionized water is dissolved in GJPTW, obtains solution
GJPTW-1 solution；By GJPTW-1 solution stir process, GJPTW-2 solution is obtained；GJPTW-2 solution is subjected to dialysis treatment,
Then it is SH-GJPTW that frozen dried, which obtains chocolate brown powder solid,.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the glucose and ammonium hydrogen carbonate and mole of alkyl mercaptoamine
Ratio with deionized water is 1:2-5:3-10：50-500.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the dimercaprol dimercaptopropanol either Sodium Dimercaptosuccinte or two mercaptos
Base propanesulfonate, is 1 with GJPTW and the molar ratio of deionized water:2-10：50-5000.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the alkyl in the alkyl mercaptoamine can be ethyl to 12
It is any in alkyl.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the time that constant temperature described in the step 1) preserves is 0.5-
12h。
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the time of the dialysis treatment in the step 1) and step 2) is equal
For 24-72 it is small when, bag filter is 1000-3000Da.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the temperature of dynamic processing is -20 DEG C~-80 in the step 1)
DEG C, time 4-48h.
8. the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that the temperature of the stir process is 50-100 DEG C, time 24-
72 it is small when.
9. a kind of carbon quantum dot obtained such as any one of claim 1-8 method is used for the method for detecting arsenite, its feature
It is, the method step is as follows：
1) SH-GJPTW is dissolved in deionized water, obtains SH-GJPTW-1 solution, with phosphate buffer, adjust pH value of solution
For 5-8, SH-GJPTW-2 solution is obtained；
2) 0,1,2,5,8ppb arsenite standard substance solution is mixed with SH-GJPTW-2 solution respectively, obtain AS (III)-
SH-GJPTW-1,2,3,4,5 solution, with 0,1,2,5,8ppb trivalent arsenic concentration and AS (III)-SH-GJPTW-1,2,3,4,5 is glimmering
Luminous intensity carries out least-squares algorithm, obtains y=kx+b,
Wherein y is the concentration of trivalent arsenic, and x is not add arsenite standard substance fluorescence intensity and addition arsenite reference material
The ratio of matter fluorescence intensity, wherein k values are slope, and b is constant；
3) solution containing arsenite to be measured is mixed with SH-GJPTW-2 solution, carries out fluorometric investigation using fluorescence method, bring step into
Formula in rapid 2, obtains the content of trivalent arsenic.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the fluorescence exciting wavelength of the fluorescence method is 270nm, transmitting
Wavelength is 400nm；The concentration of the phosphate buffer is 0.5mol/L.
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| POOJA D等: "A "Turn-On" thiol functionalized fluorescent carbon quantum dotbased chemosensory system for arsenite detection", 《JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS》 * |
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Application publication date: 20180420 |