Gear machining equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing technology field of gear, is specially gear machining equipment.
Background technology
Gear is the important transmission parts in mechanical device, it is widely used in various mechanical transmission mechanisms.It is right at present
In the Milling Process of gear, the cylinder that the processes such as rough turn, smart car, bore hole work the work piece into middle with hole is first passed through, then
Workpiece is positioned by the end face and endoporus of workpiece.Milling is carried out to multiple teeth of gear successively finally by a milling cutter
Cut.Combination tooth in the processing of gear, generally requiring same workpiece Combined machining straight-tooth, helical teeth mixes at present.
Existing gear machining equipment, since milling cutter is fixed, can only work sheet one straight-tooth or single helical teeth, to
Combination tooth is processed, it is necessary to which being dismounted for multiple times, multiple adjustment, difficulty are big;When especially processing helical teeth, the operating force inclination being subject to can edge
There are component, the component in gear tooth tangent direction to cause work gear to be added easily tangentially to move, it is difficult to ensures helical gear point
Degree circle and the concentricity of endoporus, seriously affect Gear Processing quality.
The content of the invention
The invention is intended to provide gear machining equipment, when processing helical teeth with solution, the reference circle and endoporus of gear be not coaxial
The problem of.
Gear machining equipment in this programme, including workbench, the adjustment platform that is slidably connected on workbench, first support and the
Two stents, first support and second support adjust on table core axial symmetry and are fixedly and coaxially connected hollow positioning on platform
Disk, positioning disk include rotating coaxially the support plate and rotating disk being connected in positioning disk, and rotating disk radius is less than the half of support plate
Footpath, support plate are radially equipped with through hole, and be slidably connected mandril in through hole, on rotating disk periphery with through hole pair in support plate
Convex block should be equipped with, mandril is resisted against on convex block, and the convex block is the axisymmetric shape of intermediate recess both sides protrusion;Described first
The downward cylinder of output shaft is fixedly connected between at the top of frame and second support, horizontal support tube, support tube are equipped with below cylinder
It is slidably connected in first support and second support;Horizontal first axle is rotatablely connected on the inner wall of support tube one end, in first axle
Equipped with first bevel gear;The second horizontal axis is rotatablely connected on support tube other end inner wall, the second axis is equipped with third hand tap gear;
First bevel gear and third hand tap gear engage second bevel gear at the same time, and second bevel gear center is fixedly connected with sleeve, is slided in sleeve
Dynamic connection telescopic mast, telescopic mast top and elastic connection at the top of sleeve;It is cyclic not that flexible column bottom is equipped with circumferentially closing
Rule groove, it is described rotation disk center be provided with the matched rotating hole of telescopic mast, rotation hole wall radially be equipped with and it is recessed
The matched fluted column of groove;The first milling cutter of angle adjustable is rotatablely connected in the first axle, adjustable angle is rotatablely connected on the second axis
Second milling cutter of degree.
The technical principle of this programme is:
Adjust adjustment platform so that adjustment platform center line is overlapped with the symmetrical centre of first support and second support, will be to be added
Work gear is sleeved on the excircle of support plate.Cylinder is opened, cylinder promotes support tube integrally to move down length, and telescopic mast, which moves down to put in, to be determined
In disk endoporus, fluted column sticks into bottom portion of groove, and since elastic connection has cushioning effect between telescopic mast and sleeve, telescopic mast is not
Adjustment table top can be broken.
Then the number of degrees of helical angle are processed according to needed for helical gear, such as helical teeth tilts 20 ° from left to right;Open two electricity
Machine, two motors close motor after first axle and the second axis are rotated clockwise 20 °, the first milling cutter and first bevel gear are with first
Axis rotates clockwise 20 °, and the second milling cutter and third hand tap gear rotate clockwise 20 ° with the second axis.First bevel gear and the 3rd
Bevel gear drives second bevel gear to rotate counterclockwise, and second bevel gear band moving sleeve rotates counterclockwise, and sleeve drives telescopic mast inverse
Hour hands rotate, and the profile upward sliding counterclockwise of fluted column along groove on telescopic mast, forms cylindrical cam mechanism.Fluted column
Upward sliding counterclockwise drives rotating disk to rotate counterclockwise.Rotating disk rotates counterclockwise, and convex block rotates counterclockwise, mandril and convex block
Cam ejection pin mechanism is formed, mandril is displaced outwardly positioning in radial directions among convex block to slip on the right side of cam, mandril
Disk is clamped with helical teeth to be processed.
When first milling cutter works, the first milling cutter tilts 20 ° along the spiral angular direction of helical teeth, and helical teeth to be processed is added
Work, during processing, the operating force that helical teeth to be processed is subject to tilts 20 °, point of the tilting force along helical teeth tangential direction to be processed to the right
Power rotates clockwise helical teeth to be processed, so that support plate rotates clockwise.Support plate rotates clockwise, and offsets rotating disk
Rotate counterclockwise so that when processing helical gear, stress is offset, and is conducive to reduce the position between helical teeth and processing unit (plant) to be processed
Move, improve Gear Processing precision.Support plate rotates clockwise, and mandril and convex block still form cam ejection pin mechanism, and mandril is finally still
It is displaced outwardly clamping positioning disk and helical teeth to be processed in radial directions.
The beneficial effect of this programme is:
Rotation disc spins on positioning disk, geared sleeve to be processed is outside support plate, when work gear to be added is subject to processing helical teeth
Component support plate is rotated backward with rotating disk, positive and negative rotation is cancelled out each other, though processing helical teeth will not make it is to be processed
Displacement is produced between gear and processing unit (plant), avoids causing reference circle and endoporus not coaxial.In the prior art, when processing helical teeth, treat
Displacement is produced between processing gear and processing unit (plant) so that reference circle and endoporus be not coaxial, seriously affects Gear Processing quality.With showing
There is technology to compare, during the technical program processing helical teeth, internal system cancels each other out the power for producing displacement so that reference circle and interior
Hole is coaxial, simple in structure, convenient to be applicable in;And the technical program can also process straight-tooth, keep milling cutter vertical, adjust adjustment platform, make
The interior axially bored line of helical teeth to be processed is overlapped with the central axes of the working face perpendicular to workbench and excessively circular slide, is treated so as to improve
The endoporus of finished gear and the concentricity of its reference circle.
Further, it is six along the number of openings of support plate radial direction on the support plate side wall, number of slugs six
A, and through hole is stepped hole, the larger one end of through-hole diameter is slidably fitted with each through hole close to the center line of positioning disk
Mandril.It can ensure mandril in the radial direction Telescopic sliding along support plate, it is fixed by rotating easy to the installation and removal of workpiece
Position disk can eject mandril, so as to be positioned to workpiece.
Further, the shape of all convex blocks is identical.Ensure when rotating disk rotates, the outreach phase of all mandrils
Deng the axis of endoporus and the center line of rotating disk that can ensure workpiece overlap, and improve the endoporus and gear of produced gear
The concentricity of reference circle.
Further, flexible member is connected between the mandril and support plate.When needing to position workpiece or by workpiece
When being disassembled from positioning disk, after rotating rotating disk, mandril is retractable into support plate, is conducive to workpiece being attached to positioning disk
Remove above or from positioning disk.
Further, the groove cross section shape is in approximate V-type.Be conducive to groove and fluted column forms cylindrical cam machine
Structure, is conducive to the rotation that fluted column drives rotating disk.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of gear machining equipment embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of positioning disk in gear machining equipment embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of helical teeth to be processed in gear machining equipment embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Reference numeral in Figure of description includes:Workbench 1, first support 2, second support 3, adjustment platform 4, positioning disk
5th, cylinder 6, support tube 7, first axle 8, first bevel gear 9, second bevel gear 10, the second axis 11, third hand tap gear 12, sleeve
13rd, telescopic mast 14, groove 15, fluted column 16, the first milling cutter 17, the second milling cutter 18, rotating disk 19, support plate 20, mandril 21, convex
Block 22, helical teeth to be processed 23, helical teeth 24.
Substantially as shown in Figure 1, gear machining equipment, including horizontally disposed workbench 1, pacifies on workbench 1 embodiment
The circular slide of dress, the circular upper right Slideslip installation first support 2 of slide, circular slide upper left side are slidably installed second support 3, the
One stent 2 and second support 3 are perpendicular to workbench 1 and with the central axes of circular slide into axial symmetry.Peace is slided on circular slide
Adjustment whole 4.Adjust and positioning disk 5 is welded on platform 4, positioning disk 5 is co-axially mounted with adjustment platform 4.First support 2 and second support 3
Top is threadedly coupled cylinder 6 by cross bar, and 6 output shaft of cylinder is downward, the horizontal support tube 7 of the lower section of cylinder 6 installation, support tube 7
It is slidably mounted in first support 2 and second support 3.
Horizontal first axle 8 is rotatablely installed on 7 right side inner wall of support tube, vertical first bevel gear is installed in first axle 8
9;The second horizontal axis 11 is rotatablely installed in 7 inner left wall of support tube, vertical third hand tap gear 12 is installed on the second axis 11;The
Second bevel gear 10,10 center weld sleeve 13 of second bevel gear, set are engaged in one bevel gear 9 and 12 bottom of third hand tap gear at the same time
Be slidably installed telescopic mast 14 in cylinder 13, and the top of telescopic mast 14 is connected to the top of sleeve 13 by spring.Telescopic mast is opened on 14 bottom
There is the groove 15 for circumferentially closing cyclization, 15 shape of cross section of groove is in approximate V-type.
The first milling cutter 17 is rotatablely installed in first axle 8, the second milling cutter 18,17 He of the first milling cutter are rotatablely installed on the second axis 11
Second milling cutter 18 is symmetrical along the central axes of excessively circular slide, and the first milling cutter 17 and the second milling cutter 18 are by two different motors (in figure
It is not drawn into) driving.7 bottom of support tube is provided with two straight slots, and two straight slots are with the central axes of circular slide into axial symmetry, the first milling
17 and second milling cutter 18 of knife extends downwardly straight slot.
As shown in Figure 2, positioning disk 5 includes rotating disk 19, flexible member, support plate 20 and mandril 21;Positioning disk 5 is circle
Cylindrical chamber, the center line of the cavity are overlapped with the center line of positioning disk 5, and rotating disk 19 is rotatably installed in the cavity, and are revolved
Turntable 19 is co-axially mounted with support plate 20, and 19 radius of rotating disk is less than the radius of support plate 20.19 center of rotating disk is provided with and stretches
The matched rotating hole of 14 size of contracting column, rotates and is radially welded with fluted column 16 on hole wall.Edge on the side wall of support plate 20
The radial direction of support plate 20 is provided with six through holes, which is stepped hole, and the one end being relatively large in diameter is in positioning disk 5
Heart line, is slidably fitted with mandril 21 in each through hole.Flexible member is connected between mandril 21 and support plate 20.On 19 periphery of rotating disk
Six convex blocks 22 are correspondingly provided with six through holes in support plate 20, the shape of all convex blocks 22 is identical, and all convex blocks 22 are centre
The axisymmetric shape for the both sides protrusion that is recessed.Mandril 21 is resisted against on convex block 22.
When it is implemented, adjust adjustment platform 4 so that adjustment 4 center line of platform and first support 2 and second support 3 it is symmetrical
Center overlaps, by geared sleeve to be processed on the excircle of support plate 20.Cylinder 6 is opened, cylinder 6 is promoted under 7 entirety of support tube
Length is moved, telescopic mast 14, which moves down, to be put in price fixing endoporus, and since the elastic buffer of spring acts on, telescopic mast 14 will not will adjust platform 4
Upper surface is broken, and fluted column 16 sticks into 15 bottom of groove.Then the number of degrees of helical angle, such as attached drawing are processed according to needed for taking turns helical teeth 24
Shown in 3, such as helical teeth 24 tilts 20 ° from left to right;Two motors are opened, as shown in Figure 1, two motors are by first axle 8 and second
Axis 11 closes motor, the first milling cutter 17 and first bevel gear 9 as first axle 8 rotates clockwise 20 ° after rotating clockwise 20 °,
Second milling cutter 18 and third hand tap gear 12 rotate clockwise 20 ° with the second axis 11.12 band of first bevel gear 9 and third hand tap gear
Dynamic second bevel gear 10 rotates counterclockwise, and second bevel gear 10 is rotated counterclockwise with moving sleeve 13, and sleeve 13 drives telescopic mast 14
Rotate counterclockwise, the profile upward sliding counterclockwise of fluted column 16 along the groove 15 on telescopic mast 14, form cylindrical cam machine
Structure.16 upward sliding counterclockwise of fluted column drives rotating disk 19 to rotate counterclockwise.Rotating disk 19 rotates counterclockwise, 22 inverse time of convex block
Pin rotates, and mandril 21 and convex block 22 form 21 mechanism of cam follower, and mandril 21 is among convex block 22 to slip on the right side of cam, mandril
21 are displaced outwardly clamping positioning disk 5 and helical teeth 23 to be processed in radial directions.
As shown in Figure 3, when the first milling cutter 17 works, the first milling cutter 17 is tilted to the right 20 °, and helical teeth 23 to be processed is carried out
Processing, during processing, the operating force that helical teeth 23 to be processed is subject to tilts 20 °, which makes helical teeth to be processed along component to the right
23 to the right, so that support plate 20 is to the right, from attached drawing 2, support plate 20 rotates clockwise.Support plate 20 turns clockwise
It is dynamic, offset rotating disk 19 and rotate counterclockwise so that when processing helical gear, stress is offset, and is conducive to reduce helical teeth 23 to be processed
Displacement between processing unit (plant), improves Gear Processing precision.
Support plate 20 rotates clockwise, and mandril 21 and 22 mechanism of convex block still form 21 mechanism of cam follower, and mandril 21 is from convex
The right side of block 22 is finally still displaced outwardly positioning disk 5 and helical teeth to be processed in radial directions to cam left slide, mandril 21
23 clamp.